Factsheet # 1.2 Economic Structure of Vancouver: Role of Vancouver in the Metro Vancouver Region Vancouver as a Regional Centre The city of Vancouver is the largest jobs and population centre in the Metro Vancouver region. It has 26% of the region s population and 33% of the region s jobs (See Figure 1). While Metro Vancouver has experienced considerable job growth over the past 10 years, the distribution of the growth is uneven. Many of these new jobs have been located in the city of Vancouver or south of the Fraser River. Since 2006, Vancouver gained 45,735 jobs, an increase of 14% (See Figure 2). Surrey and the Township of Langley experienced job growth of 28% and 29% respectively, and together added about 45,735 new jobs since 2006, which matches the job growth in Vancouver (Figure 2). HIGHLIGHTS The city of Vancouver has a population of 631,388 (26% of the region) and 377,000 jobs (33% of the jobs in Metro Vancouver). Vancouver has a higher share of professional and commercial services jobs and a lower share of primary resource and transportation and warehousing jobs than the rest of the region. In terms of sub-sectors, Vancouver has a higher share of regional jobs in the motion picture and video industries, investment firms and financial institutions. There are more large businesses in the city of Vancouver than in the rest of the region. FIGURE 1. PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION AND JOBS BY SUB-REGION ACROSS METRO VANCOUVER Percentage of Regional Population Percentage of Regional Jobs North Shore 8% 6% (City of North Vancouver, District of North Vancouver, Distrsict of West Vancouver, Lions Bay) City of Vancouver 26% 33% 13% 15% Rest of Burrard Peninsula (Greater Vancouver A, Burnaby, New Westminister) Northeast Sector 14% 9% (Coquitlam, Port Coquitlam, Maple Ridge, Pitt Meadows, Port Moody Belcarra, Anmore) Richmond 8% 11% South of Fraser West (Delta) 4% 4% South of Fraser East 28% 21% (Surrey, White Rock, City of Langley, Township of Langley) 0 2 4 8 Kilometers Source: Statistics Canada 2016 Census: Jobs by NAICS (2 digit). Note that this data does not include jobs with no fixed workplace address. See Note 1 in the Appendix. Employment Lands & Economy Review 1
FIGURE 2. QUANTITY AND PERCENTAGE OF JOB INCREASES ACROSS METRO VANCOUVER, 2006-2016 0 2.5 5 10 Kilometers Lions Bay -24% Bowen Island +8% West Vancouver -10% District of North Vancouver +25% North Vancouver (C.) +4% Belcarra -33% Anmore +63% Coquitlam +6% Pitt Meadows +19% Greater Vancouver A +15% +14% Burnaby +10% Port Moody +31% Port Coquitlam +15% Maple Ridge +11% JOB INCREASE (#) Less than 0 1-999 1000-4,999 5,000-9,999 10,000-19,999 20,000 + Richmond +10% Delta -1% White Rock -1% Surrey +28% Langley (C.) -12% Township of Langley +29% Source: Statistics Canada 2006-2016 Census: Jobs by NAICS (2 digit). Does not include jobs with no fixed workplace address. Types of Regional Jobs Located in Vancouver Key Sectors in the The city of Vancouver has a unique employment makeup compared to the rest of Metro Vancouver. Sectors with a disproportionately high regional concentration of jobs in the city of Vancouver are outlined in Figure 3 and include: Information and cultural industries (this sector includes holding companies and the headquarters of corporations). The sectors with the smallest concentration of jobs in Vancouver are (See Figure 3): Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting Manufacturing Transportation and warehousing Wholesale trade Professional, scientific and technical services Management of companies and enterprises Employment Lands & Economy Review 2
FIGURE 3: DISTRIBUTION OF JOBS BETWEEN THE CITY OF VANCOUVER AND THE METRO VANCOUVER REGION BY SECTOR Retail trade Health care and social assistance Professional, scientific and technical 29% 38% 50% 71% 62% 50% Economic Sector Accommodation and food services Educational services Manufacturing Finance and insurance 40% 26% 16% 46% 84% 54% 74% 60% Transportation and warehousing 17% 83% Other services (except public admin.) 35% 65% Wholesale trade 20% 80% Public administration 37% 63% Construction 23% 77% Information and cultural industries 52% 48% Admin. support & waste management Real estate and rental and leasing Arts, entertainment and recreation 35% 43% 38% 57% 62% 65% Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting CoV: 11%; MV: 89% Utilities Mining and oil and gas extraction Management of companies CoV: 25%; MV: 75% CoV: 62%; MV: 28% CoV: 51%; MV: 49% Metro Vancouver 0 20k 40k 60k 80k 100k 120k 140k 160k Number of Jobs (Thousands) Source: Statistics Canada 2016 Census: Jobs by NAICS (2 digit). Note that this data does not include jobs with no fixed workplace address. Key Sub-Sectors in the Each of the economic sectors in Figure 3 can be broken down into several different economic activities or sub-sectors. The sub-sectors with the highest concentration of jobs in Vancouver are motion picture and video industries, and securities and commodity contracts intermediation and brokerage (See Table 1). Employment Lands & Economy Review 3
TABLE 1. SUB-SECTORS WITH A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF METRO VANCOUVER JOBS IN THE CITY OF VANCOUVER SECTOR SUB-SECTOR TOTAL # OF JOBS IN METRO VANCOUVER % OF JOBS IN VANCOUVER Information and cultural industries Motion picture and video industries 11,910 70% Securities and commodity contracts 5,180 69% intermediation and brokerage Finance and insurance Activities related to credit intermediation 3,085 58% Other financial investment activities 6,515 57% Professional, scientific and technical Legal services 15,915 68% Accommodation and food services Traveler accommodation 11,445 64% Manufacturing Cut and sew clothing manufacturing 2,160 55% Arts, entertainment and recreation Independent artists, writers and performers 3,940 54% Health care and social assistance Out-patient care centers 5,270 53% Statistics Canada 2016 Census: Jobs by NAICS (4 digit). Note that this data does not include jobs with no fixed workplace address. Broader Industry Categories The 20 employment sectors can be grouped into six broad industry categories to observe broader employment trends (See Note 4 in the Appendix for the methodology). Professional and commercial services have a significantly higher share of jobs in the city of Vancouver (36%) than in the rest of the region (21%). Jobs related to transportation, warehousing, wholesaling, forestry, mining, utilities, constructions and manufacturing tend to be located outside Vancouver (See Figure 4). FIGURE 4. JOBS BY GENERAL INDUSTRY CATEGORY IN THE CITY OF VANCOUVER COMPARED TO JOBS BY CATEGORY IN THE REST OF METRO VANCOUVER 40% 35% 30% 25% Rest of Metro Vancouver 20% 36% 15% 10% 5% 21% 23% 24% 18% 15% 10% 13% 7% 15% 5% 12% 0% Professional and commercial services Health care, education & government Personal services, arts, hotel & food Retail Forestry, mining, utilities, construction & manufacturing Transportation, warehousing & wholesaling Source: Statistics Canada 2016 Census: Jobs by NAICS (2 digit). Note that this data does not include jobs with no fixed workplace address. Broad industry categories have been developed by City staff as outlined in the Appendix. vancouver.ca/employment-lands s Phone: 3-1-1 TTY: 7-1-1 Employment Lands & Economy Review 4
Historical Changes in Vancouver s Jobs Most of Vancouver s job growth since 2006 has been in professional, scientific and technical services. This sector has grown by 23% over the past 10 years, matching the growth rate of the Metro Vancouver region (See Figure 5). Sectors that have seen higher job growth in the city than in the Metro Vancouver region include retail trade; information and cultural industries; and management of companies. Sectors that have seen slower growth in the city than the region include health care and social assistance; construction; and public administration. Jobs in manufacturing and wholesale trade are decreasing at a faster rate in the city than Metro Vancouver. Sectors that have seen job decreases in the city but job increases in the region include transportation and warehousing and administrative support and waste management. FIGURE 5: JOBS INCREASES IN THE CITY OF VANCOUVER VS. JOBS INCREASES IN METRO VANCOUVER BY SECTOR, 2006-2016 Metro Vancouver Increase/Decrease Increase/Decrease Professional, scientific and technical +23% +23% Retail trade +27% +18% Health care and social assistance +20% +31% Economic Sector Accommodation and food services Information and cultural industries Educational services Finance and insurance +18% +12% +39% +23% +22% 0% Real estate and rental and leasing +25% +8% Construction +29% +37% Arts, entertainment and recreation +14% Management of companies +100% +22% Public administration +3% +33% Utilities +31% +18% Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting Other services (except public admin.) +25% 0% -14% +5% Mining and oil and gas extraction Admin. support and waste management -13% -5% +1% +16% Transportation and warehousing Wholesale trade -16% -17% -9% Manufacturing -26% -12% -6,000-4,000-2,000 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 # of Jobs Increase/Decrease Source: Statistics Canada 2016 Census: Jobs by NAICS (2 digit). Note that this data does not include jobs with no fixed workplace address. Employment Lands & Economy Review 5
Occupations in Vancouver Occupations are not the same as economic sectors. Occupations are identified and grouped primarily in terms of the duties, tasks and responsibilities of the occupation. Some occupations, such as management and administration, are found in multiple sectors. Vancouver has a particularly high share of regional jobs in the following occupations: art, culture and recreation; natural and applied science; and business and administration (See Figure 6). The city of Vancouver contains a particularly low share of jobs in: harvesting and forestry; manufacturing and utilities; and trades and transportation occupations. FIGURE 6: SHARE OF REGIONAL OCCUPATIONS LOCATED IN THE CITY OF VANCOUVER Art, culture & recreation Natural and applied sciences Business & administration Business Sizes: Vancouver vs. Region About 20% of businesses in Metro Vancouver are located in the city of Vancouver. In the region, 41% of business with more than 200 employees are located in Vancouver. FIGURE 7: SHARE OF BUSINESSES IN METRO VANCOUVER LOCATED IN THE CITY OF VANCOUVER BY BUSINESS SIZE 200+ 50 to 199 20 to 49 10 to 19 5 to 9 1 to 4 All 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Source: Statistics Canada Business Registery, December 2017. Health Management Education & government All occupations Sales and services Trades & transportation Manufacturing & utilities Primary industry 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Source: Statistics Canada 2016 Census, Jobs by Occupation, Excludes jobs with No Fixed Workplace Address. vancouver.ca/employment-lands s Phone: 3-1-1 TTY: 7-1-1 Employment Lands & Economy Review 6