POLI 441 POLITICAL ECONOMY OF AFRICA S DEVELOPMENT SINCE INDEPENDENCE SESSION 11 : UNIVERSAL RESPONSES TO AFRICA S ECONOMIC QUAGMIRE Lecturer: Dr. Seidu Alidu Contact Information: smalidu@ug.edu.gh /seidualidu@gmail.com College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education 2014/2015 2016/2017
Session Overview Throughout this course, we have identified some of the pertinent challenges that the African continent has faced and the impact of these challenges to successful policy formulation and implementation. The remaining sessions of this course will therefore attempt solutions to these challenges. In this session in particular, we are going to review development strategies, policy solutions and initiatives that are designed outside of the continent and require implementation by countries within the continent. These responses are assumed to be universal and the best and therefore could mitigate the cost of arrested development by members that implement them. Some of the initiative experimented in the continent and falls within this category include Structural Adjustment Programme, Economic Recovery Programme, Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers, the Washington Consensus, the Post-Washington Consensus and the Sustainable Development Goals. Lecturer: Dr. Seidu Alidu 2/28/2018 Slide 2
Session Outline The key topics to be covered in this session are: Topic 1: BACKGROUND Topic 2: DEALINGS WITH BRETTON WOODS INSTITUTIONS Topic 3: THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS Lecturer Dr. Seidu Alidu 2/28/2018 Slide 3
Reading materials Callaghy, T.M. and Ravenhill, J. (eds.) (1993) Hemmed In: Responses to Africa s Economic Decline, New York: Columbia University Press (Introduction Vision, Politics and Structure: Afro-Optimism, Afro-Pessimism, or Reality ) Chang, H. (2005) Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Strategy in Historical Perspective, London: Anthem Press (Chp. 3, Institutions and Economic Development: Good Governance in Historical Perspective, pp. 69 110) Sen, A. (1999) Development as Freedom, Oxford: Oxford University Press, (Chp. 1, The Perspective of Freedom, pp. 13 34; Chp. 2, The Ends and Means of Development, pp. 35 53 The New Partnership for Africa s Development (NEPAD) (www.nepad.org.) Slide 4
Learning objectives At the end of the session, students should be able to: Understand the universality claims of these policy interventions Analyze those claims with the view to ascertaining its contributions to Africa s development Appreciate the ideological-driven nature of these interventions Become familiar with the merits and limitations of these policy interventions Appreciate its ownership and context relevance of these policies or its lack thereof Slide 5
Topic one BACKGROUND Slide 6
BACKGROUND Throughout this course, we have identified several challenges to Africa s successful development, including but not limited to: Lack of or inadequate development strategy Confusion of agenda and too many developmental blueprints Corruption, leakages and economic mismanagement Bad/poor leadership Slide 7
BACKGROUND Africa s responses to its developmental challenges have been mixed and varied because policy makers in the continent have always had to adopt or re-invent an economic and political paradigm in attempt to catch up These mechanisms have ranged from import substituting industrialization immediately after independence; establishing state owned enterprises which were centrally controlled by the state; economic integration; economic reforms tilted towards meeting the conditionalities of IFIs, among others Slide 8
Topic Two DEALINGS WITH THE BRETTON WOODS INSTITUTIONS Slide 9
DEALINGS WITH THE BRETTON WOODS S INSTITUTION The following programs have emanated from Africa s dealings with the Bretton Woods Institutions: Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPS) Economic Recovery Programs (ERP) Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSP) The Washington Consensus policies The Augmented/Post Washington Consensus policies Slide 10
Topic Three THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS) Slide 11
SDGS No poverty Zero hunger Good health and well-being Quality education Gender equality Clean water and sanitation Affordable and clean energy Decent work and economic growth Lecturer: Dr. Seidu Alidu 2/28/2018 Slide 12
SDGS Industry, innovation and infrastructure Reduced inequalities Sustainable cities and communities Responsible consumption and production Life below water Life on land Peace, justice and strong institutions Partnership for the goals Lecturer: Dr. Seidu Alidu 2/28/2018 Slide 13
References Callaghy, T.M. and Ravenhill, J. (eds.) (1993) Hemmed In: Responses to Africa s Economic Decline, New York: Columbia University Press (Introduction Vision, Politics and Structure: Afro-Optimism, Afro-Pessimism, or Reality ) Chang, H. (2005) Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Strategy in Historical Perspective, London: Anthem Press (Chp. 3, Institutions and Economic Development: Good Governance in Historical Perspective, pp. 69 110) Sen, A. (1999) Development as Freedom, Oxford: Oxford University Press, (Chp. 1, The Perspective of Freedom, pp. 13 34; Chp. 2, The Ends and Means of Development, pp. 35 53 The New Partnership for Africa s Development (NEPAD) (www.nepad.org.) Slide 14