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THE HINDU editorial Analysis in Hindi today EDITORIAL The Hindu Editorial Decode in Hindi DATE: 27 SEPTEMBER 2018 THURSDAY UPSC IAS EXAMS YOUTUBE CHANNEL BY KARDAM RAVAL GENERAL STUDIES EXPERT WE BELIEVE IN DELIVERING EXCELLENCE
Today s Roadmap AAJ KA MANTRA VOCABULARY FUN FACT (AAJ KA GYAN) ANALYSIS AADHAAR SURVIVES YAMEEN TRYING TO HOLD ON TO POWER, SAYS OPPOSITION QUESTION ANSWER
AAJ KA MANTRA
VOCABULARY 1. EAGERNESS (NOUN): enthusiasm: (उत स कत ) 2. ARDUOUS (ADJECTIVE): difficult: (क ठन) 3. FANATIC (NOUN): an overenthusiastic person: (उन म द ) 4. PINNACLE (NOUN): top: (परम त कषर ) 5. DETRIMENT (NOUN): disadvantage: (अ हत) 6. ZEST (NOUN): spicing: (स व द) 7. WAYWARD (ADJECTIVE): contrary: (स व च छ च र ) 8. GAPE (VERB): stare: (म ह ब य द खन ) 9. PINE (VERB): long for: (ल ल यत ह न ) 10. MUFFLED (ADJECTIVE): quietened: (अवर द ध)
FUN FACT AAJ KA GYAN PART 1 Anil Kumar Chaudhary has been appointed the new chairman of the Steel Authority of India (SAIL) till his superannuation in December 2020. He succeeded P K Singh. Prior to this, Chaudhary has been serving as the Director (Finance) at SAIL. Beside him, PK Rath has been appointed as new CMD of the Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL). Rath is presently the Director (operations) in RINL. Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC) has also appointed V Gopi Suresh Kumar as Director (Projects) in RITES Limted, a railway consultancy firm. PART 2 Nepal is set to become the world s first country to double its tiger population. On the occasion of 2018 National Conservation Day (NCD), Nepal announced that there are now an estimated 235 wild tigers in the country, nearly doubling the baseline of around 121 tigers in 2009. According to a press release issued by WWF-Nepal, if these trends continue, Nepal could become the first country to double its national tiger population since the launch of ambitious TX2 goal at the St Petersburg Tiger Summit in 2010 to double the world s wild tiger population by 2022. Nepal conducted its national tiger survey between November 2017 and April 2018 in the trans-boundary Terai Arc Landscape (TAL), a vast area of diverse ecosystems shared with India. The earlier tiger survey in 2013 had estimated the tiger population at 198. PART 3 India has recently celebrated the 100 years of Battle of Haifa with a grand function in New Delhi on September 23, 2018. It is being commemorated in Israel, Delhi and Jaipur. On this day, in 1918, the Indian soldiers from the Mysore, Hyderabad and Jodhpur Lancers liberated the strategically important city of Haifa, known for its deep water bay in the eastern Mediterranean. The sacrifice made by the Indian soldiers is honoured and memorialized in 7 cemeteries across Israel, from Jerusalem to Haifa. Close to 900 Indian soldiers are buried in these cemeteries, which act as an immortal testimonial for their heroism. The Indian Army commemorates September 23 every year as Haifa Day to pay its respects to the two brave Indian Cavalry Regiments Mysore and Jodhpur Lancers that helped liberate the city following a dashing cavalry action by the 15th Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade.
Aadhaar survives The Supreme Court finds a pragmatic middle path between the Aadhaar scheme s excesses and its benefits to the marginalised The Aadhaar project has survived a fierce legal challenge. Ever since a ninejudge Bench ruled unanimously last year that privacy is a fundamental right, opinion began to gain ground that the unique identification programme was vulnerable in the face of judicial scrutiny. It was projected by sceptics, detractors and activists as an intrusion on citizens privacy, a byword for a purported surveillance system, a grand project to harvest personal data for commercial exploitation by private parties and profiling by the state. But the government has staved off the challenge by successfully arguing that it is essentially a transformative scheme primarily aimed at reaching benefits and subsidies to the poor and the marginalised. Four of the five judges on a Constitution Bench ruled that the law enabling the implementation of the programme does not violate the right to privacy of citizens; instead, the project empowers marginalised sections and procures dignity for them along with services, benefits and subsidies by leveraging the power of technology.
CONTINUE In upholding the constitutional validity of Aadhaar and clarifying areas in which it cannot be made mandatory, the Supreme Court has restored the original intent of the programme: to plug leakages in subsidy schemes and to have better targeting of welfare benefits. Over the years, Aadhaar came to mean much more than this in the lives of ordinary people, acquiring the shape of a basic identity document that was required to access more and more services, such as birth and death certificates, SIM cards, school admissions, property registrations and vehicle purchases. A unique identity number, that could be availed on a voluntary basis and was conceived to eliminate the rampant fraud in the distribution of benefits, had threatened to morph with the Centre s tacit acceptance into something that was mandatory for various aspects of life. The judgment narrows the scope of Aadhaar but provides a framework within which it can work. The majority opinion has sought to limit the import of the scheme to aspects directly related to welfare benefits, subsidies and money spent from the Consolidated Fund of India.
CONTINUE Thus, controversial circulars and rules making it mandatory to link mobile phone numbers and bank accounts to Aadhaar numbers have been declared unconstitutional. Section 57 of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery Of Financial And Other Subsidies, Benefits And Services) Act, 2016, has been struck down to the extent that it authorised body corporates and individuals to use the Aadhaar number to establish someone s identity. Schools have been barred from making the submission of the Aadhaar number mandatory to enrol children. A few other provisions have been read down or clarified. In upholding Aadhaar, the majority opinion was not oblivious to the impact of disbanding a project that has already completed much ground. For instance, relying on official statistics, the majority favoured the scheme s continuance for the sake of the 99.76% of people included under it, rather than fret over the 0.24% who were excluded because of authentication failure.
CONTINUE The remedy is to plug the loopholes rather than axe the project, the Bench said. With enrolment saturation reaching 1.2 billion people, the programme had acquired a scale and momentum that was irreversible. It was perhaps this pragmatic imperative that led the majority to conclude that the government was justified in the passage of the Aadhaar Act as a money bill, even though under a strict interpretation this is a difficult position to defend, the Centre s objective being to bypass the Rajya Sabha, where it did not have a majority. The Court has addressed this issue by accepting the government s argument that Section 7, which enables the use of Aadhaar to avail of any government subsidy, benefit or service for which expenditure is incurred out of the Consolidated Fund of India, is the core provision in the law, and that this makes it a money bill. It has chosen to accept the technical arguments on the safety of the Aadhaar architecture and the end-to-end encryption that underlies the transmission of captured biometric data to the Unique Identification Authority of India. The majority opinion has looked at the larger picture beyond the merits or demerits of the Aadhaar programme and the arguments for and against it. It held that the Aadhaar Act passes the triple test laid down in the Privacy judgment under which there ought to be a law, a legitimate state interest and an element of proportionality in any law that seeks to abridge the right of privacy.
CONCLUSION In his dissent, Justice D.Y. Chandrachud argued that the Rajya Sabha s authority has been superseded and that this constitutes a fraud on the Constitution a position that is impossible to fault if one adopts a strict interpretation of what a money bill is. As a result of this debasement of a democratic institution, he held the Aadhaar Act unconstitutional. He also expressed his displeasure at the government passing a series of orders making Aadhaar compulsory for various reasons, in defiance of interim orders from the Supreme Court. He highlighted the biometric authentication failures that have led to denial of rights and legal entitlements, and located the reason for such failures in the project s inability to account for and remedy flaws in its network and design. He ruled that denial of benefits arising out of any social security rights is violative of human dignity and impermissible under our constitutional scheme. Few would disagree with him in that dignity and rights of individuals cannot be made to depend on algorithms and probabilities. Finally, it was the arguments in favour of benefits to the poor and the practical consequences of abandoning the scheme that won the day. Aadhaar possibly was
Yameen trying to hold on to power, says Opposition President may move the Supreme Court, seeking an annulment of election Barely 48 hours after outgoing Maldivian President Abdulla Yameen conceded poll defeat, the Opposition coalition that dislodged him has raised alarm over his alleged attempts to hold on to power. Its members on Wednesday accused President Yameen of preparing to move the Supreme Court, seeking an annulment of Sunday s presidential election, citing misconduct and corruption of some officials at the Elections Commission. We heard from reliable sources in government and the security services that there is such an attempt, Joint Opposition spokesman Ahmed Mahloof told The Hindu over the phone from Male. The Opposition had also heard of efforts to collate lists of those who did not get to vote. For Maldivians, the stakes were high in Sunday s elections, with mounting concern over corruption and the authoritarian slant of the Yameen administration. Uniting against him in an unlikely coalition, Opposition actors fielded senior lawmaker Ibrahim Mohamed Solih, who emerged winner in a poll upset. The following day, Mr. Yameen conceded defeat in a public address, disproving his critics who feared he might hold on to power.
CONTINUE Smooth transition Asked about the Opposition s allegation, presidential spokesman Ibrahim Hussain Shihab said: The President, in his speech accepted the provisional result by the Elections Commission and stated that he will oversee a smooth transition of power until he steps down on November 17, when the President-elect is sworn in. Addressing Maldivians on Monday, Mr. Yameen said: I would like to note that yesterday the Maldivian people have voiced their decision. I accept the result. Further, he said: I do not want to complicate or hinder any work due to my ways of doing things. The people have voiced their opinion yesterday. I fully respect their decision, according to an official translation of his address. The Elections Commission has remained under the spotlight for months, especially after a known supporter of Mr. Yameen was appointed its chief in March. In the run-up to the elections, Opposition members speculated possible poll rigging and violence, and former President Mr. Nasheed even urged the international community to reject the outcome of what he feared would be a fraudulent vote.
CONCLUSION Restricted access International monitors on the ground said they had restricted access to polling stations on the day of the vote and were not allowed to speak to Opposition members. However, Sunday s elections, marked by slow polling and a long wait for voters, proved largely peaceful with a near 90% voter turnout. Provisional results released by the Commission showed Mr. Yameen obtaining 41.7% of the vote, well behind Mr. Solih, who secured 58.3%. The final results will be declared before the seven-day deadline which lapses on Sunday, according to Elections Commission spokesman Ahmed Akram. I wish to say we are not under any pressure from anyone, he told The Hindu over the phone. Wednesday s rumours sparked considerable interest among the diplomatic community in Colombo, where many missions are accredited to Male. British High Commissioner James Dauris tweeted: We know from conversations with lots of people in #Maldives this week how much everyone is looking forward to @ElectionsMv formally confirming the results of Sunday's presidential election, so that the process of organising an orderly transfer of power to @ibusolih can begin.
QUESTION ANSWER Which of the following is the India s biggest cyclotron facility, which recently became operational? [A] Cyclone-103[B] Cyclone-123[C] Cyclone-68[D] Cyclone-30 CORRECT ANSWER BY MANJAY KUMAR SANDHYA SILPA AAJ KA PRASN JO DIYALEGA AAPKO MAUKA YAHA AAPKA NAAM DARJ KARWANEKA AUR AAPKO MILLEGA HUMARE COURSE KE LIYE COUPON CODE Which Indian personality has been appointed goodwill ambassador for Nepal tourism? [A] Jaya Prada [B] Aksay Kumar[C] Naseeruddin Shah[D] Raveena Tandon
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