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THE HINDU editorial Analysis in Hindi today EDITORIAL The Hindu Editorial Decode in Hindi DATE: 10 SEPTEMBER 2018 MONDAY UPSC IAS EXAMS YOUTUBE CHANNEL BY KARDAM RAVAL GENERAL STUDIES EXPERT WE BELIEVE IN DELIVERING EXCELLENCE
Today s Roadmap AAJ KA MANTRA QUESTION ANSWER FUN FACT (AAJ KA GYAN) ANALYSIS BAIL OVER JAIL: ON DUE PROCESS CLOUDY FORECAST: ON CLIMATE CHANGE VOCABULARY
AAJ KA MANTRA
QUESTION ANSWER Which two countries will participate in SLINEX-2018 naval exercise? [A] Indonesia and Singapore [B] India and Sri Lanka [C] India and South Africa [D] Italy and Spain CORRECT ANSWER BY SAVAD MK DEVENDRA GOSWAMI MANJAY KUMAR SYED DABEER AMRITPAL SINGH AAJ KA PRASN JO DIYALEGA AAPKO MAUKA YAHA AAPKA NAAM DARJ KARWANEKA AUR AAPKO MILLEGA HUMARE COURSE KE LIYE COUPON CODE Which of the following cities is the venue of the 4th edition of World Summit on Accreditation (WOSA 2018)? [A] New Delhi [B] Hyderabad [C] Patna [D] Shimla
FUN FACT AAJ KA GYAN PART 1 On September 6, the Odisha Assembly has passed a resolution for establishing Legislative Council ( Vidhan Parishad or second House of legislature). As per the resolution, the proposed Council will function similar to the Rajya Sabha in Parliament and will have 49 members. In every two years, one-third member of the Legislative Council will retire. Now, the resolution will be sent to the Centre for approval of Parliament to facilitate creation of the Legislative Council. And, then, President s nod will be require for creation of a Legislative Council in Odisha. Under Article 169, a Legislative Council can be formed if the Legislative Assembly of the State passes a resolution to that effect by a majority of the total membership of the Assembly and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of the Assembly present and voting. Parliament can then pass a law to this effect. Currently, 7 states have Legislative Councils Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, J&K, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Telangana and UP. PART 2 Akshay Kumar, the National Award-winning actor, has been made the first Honorary Ambassador of the Lal Bahadur Shastri Memorial Foundation. It is the social organisation founded by the family of India s second Prime Minister, Lal Bahadur Shastri. PART 3 The Chagos Archipelago (or Chagos Islands) is a group of 7 atolls consists of more than 60 individual tropical islands in the Indian Ocean about 500 km south of the Maldives archipelago. The sovereignty over the Islands is disputed between Mauritius and the United Kingdom (UK). Recently, it is in news because India has supported Mauritius in International Court of Justice (ICJ) on the issue of de-colonisation of the Chagos Archipelago, which is home to Diego Garcia the key military base of the U.K. and the U.S. in the Indian Ocean. India told ICJ that the historical survey of facts indicates that the Chagos Archipelago throughout the pre- and post-colonial era has been part of the Mauritian territory. These islands came under the colonial administration of the UK as part of Mauritian territory.
Bail over jail: on due process The power of arrest is an extraordinary one, conferred on the police to be employed with discretion and deliberation, not as a tool of oppression and harassment at the hands of prosecuting authorities or the government of the day. The Supreme Court has emphasised that arrests should never be a reflexive response to an allegation of an offence, or even its commission. The law that empowers the police to arrest people without warrants (Section 41 of the CrPC) is reasonably stringent, demanding that some conditions be met, including that such arrests be carried out to prevent commission of further offences, tampering of evidence, and influencing of witnesses. Unfortunately, a power that affects the liberty of citizens and which can bring humiliation and cast scars forever, as the Supreme Court noted in Arnesh Kumar v. State of Bihar (2014), continues to be used in a cavalier way.
CONTINUE Recently, Tamil Nadu has attracted attention in this connection, particularly for the heavy-handed treatment of those opposing the Chennai-Salem eight-lane highway project. The latest in a slew of unjustified round-ups and arrests was Swaraj India Party s chief, Yogendra Yadav; ironically, he was on nothing more than a fact-finding mission to meet farmers affected by or opposed to the project. Mr. Yadav was let off, but in most cases arrests without warrant follow a dishearteningly familiar course, with the accused sent to custody after the police oppose bail. In this prosecutorial ecosystem, jail succeeds in trumping bail almost every time and magistrates, who are empowered to refuse remand and grant bail, continue to issue orders mechanically. Tamil Nadu was witness to another high-profile example of this recently, when a student was arrested and remanded to 15 days judicial custody (before eventually being let off on bail) for political sloganeering on an aircraft; the complaint was filed by the BJP s State president.
CONCLUSION The dilemmas over maintaining the right balance between individual liberty and the interests of society invariably become more acute when the charges against the accused, well-established or otherwise, are serious. The recent and shocking arrests of activists, over their alleged links to Maoists, have focussed attention on the severe restrictions on bail when booked under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act. The prosecution has 180 days to file a charge sheet, a period during which bail is routinely denied. And after the charge sheet is filed, bail is extremely difficult to secure, dependent as it is on the accused establishing his or her innocence, a reversal of the usual burden of proof. If the Supreme Court decides that justice will be secured only by its intervention in the case, it will probably be forced to invoke its extraordinary powers under Article 142 of the Constitution, another reminder of the need to break the customary chain of arrest, custody and remand.
Cloudy forecast: on climate change The conference of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Bangkok last week, that was to draft a rulebook for the Paris Agreement ahead of a crucial international conference in Poland in December, ran into predictable difficulties over the issue of raising funds to help poorer nations. Some developed countries led by the U.S. which, under the Trump administration, has rejected the agreement are unwilling to commit to sound rules on raising climate finance. Under the pact concluded in Paris, rich countries pledged to raise $100 billion a year by 2020 to help developing countries reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and aid populations to cope with extreme events such as floods, droughts and storms. Obstructing the transition to a carbon-neutral pathway and preserving the status quo is short-sighted, simply because the losses caused by weather events are proving severely detrimental to all economies.
CONTINUE By trying to stall climate justice to millions of poor people in vulnerable countries, the developed nations are refusing to accept their responsibility for historical emissions of GHGs. Those emissions raised living standards for their citizens but contributed heavily to the accumulated carbon dioxide burden, now measured at about 410 parts per million of CO2 in the atmosphere, up from 280 ppm before the industrial revolution. There is international pressure on China and India to cut GHG emissions. Both countries have committed themselves to a cleaner growth path. India, which reported an annual CO2 equivalent emissions of 2.136 billion tonnes in 2010 to the UNFCCC two years ago, estimates that the GHG emissions intensity of its GDP has declined by 12% for the 2005-2010 period. As members committed to the Paris Agreement, China and India have the responsibility of climate leadership in the developing world, and have to green their growth.
CONCLUSION What developing countries need is a supportive framework in the form of a rulebook that binds the developed countries to their funding pledges, provides support for capacity building and transfer of green technologies on liberal terms. If scientific estimates are correct, the damage already done to the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is set to raise sea levels; a 2 Celsius rise will also destabilise the Greenland Ice Sheet. Failed agriculture in populous countries will drive more mass migrations of people, creating conflict. A deeper insight on all this will be available in October when the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change releases its scientific report on the impact of a 1.5 C rise in global average temperature. This is the time for the world s leaders to demonstrate that they are ready to go beyond expediency and take the actions needed to avert long-term catastrophe.
VOCABULARY 1. RAPACIOUS (ADJECTIVE): aggressively greedy : (ऱ ऱच ) 2. HALCYON (ADJECTIVE): calm, peaceful : (ध र) 3. TREMOR (NOUN): shiver : (क ऩन) 4. QUIXOTIC (ADJECTIVE): idealistic : (व ऱक षण) 5. DISINGENUOUS (ADJECTIVE): not straightforward or candid : (कऩट ) 6. DERISIVE (ADJECTIVE): ridiculing : (व य ग य त मक) 7. ODIOUS (ADJECTIVE): extremely unpleasant : (घ न न ) 8. FORTUITOUS (ADJECTIVE): lucky, accidental : (आकस ममक) 9. TRIFLING (ADJECTIVE): insignificant : (त च छ) 10. TOPPLE (VERB): collapse : (ग र ऩड न )
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