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Poll position There are meaningful electoral reforms beyond simultaneous elections No surprise political parties are deeply divided over idea of holding simultaneous elections During consultations initiated by the Law Commission of India, nine parties opposed it, arguing that it went against- Four parties backed the concept BJP has sought time for a detailed response, though it is Prime Minister Narendra Modi who has been advocating the idea- The Congress has now spoken out against the proposal There are obvious advantages to the one nation, one election idea election expenditure will be drastically cut & ruling dispensations will be able to focus on legislation and governance rather than having to be in campaign mode forever. Privilege national issues over regional ones
Continue The key proposal is that Assemblies be bunched into two categories based on whether their terms end close to the 2019 or the 2024 Lok Sabha elections. Elections could be held for one group in 2019, and for another in 2024 so that subsequent elections could be synchronised. There is a round of elections every two and a half years. Recommendations may partially address the question raised by the DMK on whether all Assemblies would be dissolved too if the Lok Sabha has to be prematurely dissolved. However, it is unclear if it will be palatable for all parties to invest their time and resources Anti defection law to enable the House to elect a leader in the event of a hung House is another proposal.
Continue There are many pressing reforms needed in the electoral space including Curbing the use of black money to fund elections and Tackling the staggered(चक त रन ) manner in which elections are held in many States.
Rhetoric and reality Withdrawal of the U.S. from the Human Rights Council (HRC) of the United Nations in June this year sent shock waves through the International community, Foreign policy think tanks and Human rights nongovernmental organisations So why is the HRC still important despite this crisis? There is much disinformation and confusion as to the origins of the HRC and its role, so setting the record straight is important. The HRC was established in 2006, as part of the UN s reform process, replacing the United Nations Commission on Human Rights. Council members are elected by the General Assembly with three year terms, with a maximum of two consecutive terms.
Continue It was to serve as a forum for all states to examine and peer review the record on human rights. The Universal Periodic Review process, where all states are scrutinised, is currently in its third cycle (2017 2021) No state is exempt from this process, including Security Council members. The situation in Syria, Yemen, Myanmar, and North Korea are but a few. Subject areas that have been the source of much controversy have been addressed at the HRC, including LGBTIQ rights and discrimination on the basis of religion. This forum for advocacy and scrutiny, with its pitfalls(unsuspected danger), is an important component of the UN rights system.
Continue Role of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) is often confused with the HRC. It is a separate institution which presents reports independent of the HRC, the recent report on Kashmir being an example Not just states but also individuals who are in need of a more robust defence of their rights stand
Deep state, deeper problems Whatever their outcome,pakistan s general election scheduled for July 25 is unlikely to change four fundamental realities. Pakistan s military led establishment will continue to wield effective power Civilian politicians will continue to justify their inco mpetence and corruption Jihadis and other religious extremists will continue to benefit from the unwillingness of the military and the judiciary to target them Pakistan-international isolation economic problems, stemming from its ideological direction and mainstreaming of extremism will not end
Data that can save lives Data can help reduce the number of people impacted by natural disasters Since 1970, more than two million people have been killed by natural disasters in the Ring of Fire region around the Pacific Ocean, at an average of 43,000 a year, as per the United Nations (UN) In 2004, the Indian Ocean tsunami struck 14 countries, and killed more than 18,000 people in India. There is a way to dramatically cut down on the number of people impacted by such disasters, and that is by using data. If we are to save lives and prevent damage to economies, it is critical to identify the most vulnerable populations For instance, road infrastructure can be built by calculating the intensity of floods and determining the types of materials needed to construct durable roads. India recently embarked on an initiative to establish a comprehensive disaster database. Now, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), working with partners, has esta blished National Disaster Loss and Damage databases in 16 countries
Continue Big data also provides a deeper understanding about how an economy is interconnected. With such valuable information, governments can Anticipate(आश ) disasters and Reduce risks through preventive measures such as Early warning systems, Safety drills, and Resilient infrastructure. Of course, the data that matters the most is the number of lives saved.
Prelims Focus Facts-News Analysis Page-1- Choosing a partner is a person s fundamental right He or she can be from the same sex, says SC judge at hearing on Section 377 case Section 377 of Indian Penal Code, a colonial era provision that criminalises private consensual sex between adults. Violation of privacy
Prelims Focus Facts-News Analysis Page-1-All members of Thai team rescued from flooded cave Last four boys and football coach brought out safely
Prelims Focus Facts-News Analysis Page-1-Pilots may have to work longer hours Aviation regulatory body DGCA amends rules on flight duty Amended its rules to allow airlines to extend duty timings of the crew during a Medical emergency, A natural calamity, Technical malfunction and Unfavourable weather conditions
Prelims Focus Facts-News Analysis Page-1-Nepal returns dancing bear to India Centre backs move to bring back animal smuggled across the border last year
Prelims Focus Facts-News Analysis Singapore, A.P. can work together
Prelims Focus Facts-News Analysis India a stakeholder in Korean peace Modi praises Moon s efforts; Delhi, Seoul sign agreements on trade, research and railway tech nolog
Today- Q s- How does Ozone protect us from the harmful ultraviolet radiation? A. By reflecting the UV radiation back to space B. By absorbing the UV radiation and breaking down into oxygen C. By converting the harmful UV radiation into useful UV radiation D. By changing the frequency of UV radiation coming to earth Indradhanush strategy recently launched by the government relates to A. improving the vaccination rates in rural India B. making solar power more accessible to canal irrigated areas C. revamping of Public sector Banks in India D. increasing rain in water deficient areas through cloud seeding
Last Day- Q s- Answers The earliest Tamil compositions are known as 'Sangam'. Why these texts are called 'Sangam'? A. These texts were the meeting of the best of the ancient wisdom and contemporary values. B. The poets composing the texts named it so. C. They were composed in the city of Sangam. D. They were composed and compiled in assemblies of poets which were known as Sangams Buddhacharita, written by Ashvaghosha, is A. a treatise of all Buddhist teachings B. a critical commentary Buddhist ideas on Mahayana C. a biography of the Gautama Buddha D. a treatise drawing parallels between Buddhist teachings and Vedic ideas
Last Day- Q s- Answers Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973 ): SC judgment- "basic structure of the Constitution could not be abrogated even by a constitutional amendment". Previous judgment of SC(a self-correcting agency) in Golaknath v. State Of Punjab (1967) - Parliament could not curtail any of the Fundamental Rights in the Constitution. Appointment of HC judges: by Collegium System (operated again in 2015 after SC judgment- "99th CA and NJAC Act as unconstitutional and void.") Nitish Kumar- CM of Bihar
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