Summary Report. Expert Working Group on Precursors. The Hague, the Netherlands November Introduction 2.

Summary Report Expert Working Group on Precursors The Hague, the Netherlands 28-29 November 2013 Introduction 2 Opening Session 3 Item I Item II Strategic overview; update on latest trends, routes & techniques used to smuggle precursor chemicals destined for use in illicit heroin production Operational overview; International investigations into trafficking of precursors 4 5 Item III Intelligence sharing between regional intelligence centres 10 Item IV Techniques and initiatives 12 Closing session, Review and Conclusions 15 Annex I Agenda 16 Annex II List of participants 20 Annex III Participants feedback report 28 This expert meeting was supported by the Information Networks along the Heroin Route Project funded by the European Union's Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace

INTRODUCTION Preventing the diversion of precursor chemicals used in illicit opiates manufacturing in Afghanistan is one of the four key areas for priority action identified by partners in the Vienna Declaration the outcome document of the Third Ministerial Conference of the Paris Pact Partners of February 2012 which also serves as the roadmap to guide all partner actions in support to the Initiative. Together with the three other pillars of the Vienna Declaration - Regional Initiatives, Illicit Financial Flows and Drug Abuse Reduction preventing the diversion of precursor will remain a pivotal area for Paris Pact partners' action throughout Phase IV (2013-2016) of the Initiative by continuing to build upon discussions held in previous Paris Pact Expert Working Groups on this topic in Paris (November 2010), New-Delhi (November 2011) and The Hague (February 2013). This two-day expert meeting was held under the auspices of UNODC s Paris Pact programme, the aim of which is to support the partnership in the implementation of the Vienna Declaration. Under Phase IV of the Paris Pact programme, this was the first meeting on pillar III of the Vienna Declaration and the second expert meeting organised in year 1 of the programme. Key facts about the meeting Meeting objectives: instigating operational action against diversion and trafficking of acetic anhydride and other chemicals destined for use in the illicit production of heroin, primarily in Afghanistan; building on recommendations emanating from the Expert Working Groups on Precursors that took place during Phase III of the Paris Pact programme as mentioned above. Host: Europol Leading experts meeting chaired by: Mr. Les Fiander, Project Manager, Operations Department, Europol; Mr. Mark Colhoun, Senior Law Enforcement Advisor, Law Enforcement Section, UNODC Country Office in Afghanistan; and Mr. Imrich Betko, Drug Control Officer, Precursors Control Section, International Narcotics Control Board. Audience: leading practitioners from Paris Pact partner countries and organizations who are responsible for implementing actions in the field of precursors. Number of participants: A total of 25 countries and 10 organizations (CARICC, Council of Europe / Pompidou Group, Eurojust, Europol, European Union, INCB, Interpol, UNMIK, WCO and UNODC) were represented at the meeting with approximately 61 delegates in attendance; with financial support from the project Heroin Route II: Information networks along the Heroin Route, financed by the European Union s Instrument contributing to Stability and Peace, as well as the donors to the Paris Pact programme, the participation of experts from the following countries was generously funded: Islamic Republics of Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan; Central Asian Republics of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan; in South Eastern Europe Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia; and in East Europe Azerbaijan and Ukraine. 2

Number of participants feedback forms returned: 38 All presentations and relevant background documents are published on ADAM, the Paris Pact s online information platform (www.paris-pact.net). Please register yourself to access this information: https://www.parispact.net/execute.php?action=cms_render&section=102&content_id=7902&mm=mm8&tools=cms_content_tools DAY 1 Thursday, 28 November 2013 OPENING SESSION Opening address by Mr. Oldřich Martinů, Europol Deputy Director. Welcomed participants and this opportunity to further extend partner s knowledge on the diversion of precursors and engage bi- and multi-laterally with partners. Mr. Martinů touched upon the breadth of services offered by Europol and the further promotion of mutual international cooperation in response to changing threats and the diversification of trafficking route originating from Afghanistan. Stressed that the Paris Pact Initiative (PPI) enables partners to provide large-scale support to tackling the trafficking and diversion of precursors and engage in cross-border support in combatting the opiate menace. Overview of the Expert Working Group: agenda and objectives of the meeting by Mr. Les Fiander, Project Manager, Operations Department, Europol. Welcomed participants, provided an overview of the agenda and strongly urged partners to engage in operational actions to combat the diversion of precursors and the need to proceed to a common strategy for action. The European Union (EU) is a key region for the frequent targeting as a potential source of Acetic Anhydride (AA), thus Europol tried to give as much operational support as possible to partners to investigate these activities. Reminded participants that the PPI is an essential bridge between political commitment at a higher level and action on the ground and that the diversion of chemical precursors is one of the four pillars for enhanced cooperation outlined in the Vienna Declaration of 2012. Touched upon the evolution of this meeting that is grounded upon the findings of previous Expert Working Groups (EWGs) and that this meeting puts into practice priorities identified by the partnership for Phase IV namely, the theme of information sharing (between countries and regional centres and inter-regional cooperation as a whole) which cuts across the priorities of all three law enforcement themed pillars for enhanced cooperation by Paris Pact partners (regional initiatives, precursors and illicit financial flows) under the Vienna Declaration. Referenced operational successes through a variety of global initiatives (Operation Topaz, TARCET, Project Cohesion etc ), mentioned the UNODC Networking the Networks initiative and key statements made at the 3 rd Ministerial Conference of the Paris Pact partners in 2012 that all underline the importance of regional and inter-regional cooperation. 3

In 2014 Europol to provide funded and coordinated meeting platforms on precursors to EU Member States and third party states. Working group of experts co-chaired by Mr. Les Fiander, Project Manager, Operations Department, Europol, Mr. Mark Colhoun, Senior Law Enforcement Advisor, Law Enforcement Section, UNODC Country Office in Afghanistan and Mr. Imrich Betko, Drug Control Officer, Precursors Control Section, International Narcotics Control Board. ITEM I: STRATEGIC OVERVIEW; UPDATE ON LATEST TRENDS, ROUTES & TECHNIQUES USED TO SMUGGLE PRECURSOR CHEMICALS DESTINED FOR USE IN ILLICIT HEROIN PRODUCTION Presentation on Afghan opiate trade: challenges and the way forward by Mr. Hakan Demirbüken, Afghan Opiate Trade Programme, Programme Management Officer, Statistics and Surveys Section, UNODC. Overview of 2009 Political Declaration, suggesting that meeting targets will be a challenge. A complete picture on the supply and demand can only be obtained once several questions are answered: why has opium poppy cultivation increased? What is the demand for? Has the number of opiate users increased? Are opiates used for other purposes? Cultivation and productions statistics continue to rise whereas consumption has seen no significant change. Except for Africa and Asia all other regions of the world have witnessed a major decrease in heroin consumption. Three possible explanations for the rise in cultivation may stem from: an underestimation of opiate users; stockpiling of opiates; and/or alternate opium and morphine usage. Imperative to conduct further research on the illicit pharmaceutical industry and the reasons associated with illicit pharmaceutical production; Provided an overview of traditional opiate trafficking routes suggesting that the Northern Route may now extend beyond the Russian Federation. Current heroin seizure footprints demonstrate the increased use of sea ports and movement of opiates via the Southern Route to all parts of the globe except Latin America. There are vast border security threats due to a lack of balanced pressure and control at the most vulnerable of border crossing points. Concerns over links between growing terrorism and instability threats in connection to drug trafficking within Africa. In spite of sharp decreases in seizures in Central Asia and the Balkans, there is no indication of a decrease in heroin trafficking. This requires further understanding of transportation means, methods of concealment and a stronger focus on regional intelligence sharing and intelligence networks. Questioned the motivation of local farmers across Afghanistan to cultivate opium and touched upon the links between drug trafficking, Taliban dependence on illicit income and the use of the hawala system. Data demonstrates the existence of drug stockpiles within Afghanistan with little know about their location and management structure. Recent UNODC Report on the impact of drugs on the people of Afghanistan shows that the situation has worsened and drug use is on the rise. This has led to increased health problems for users, as well as negative health, economic and social impacts on families and children, increasing employment problems, limited treatment services and a potential overburdening of the penal system. 4

Similar negative indicators exist within the I.R. of Pakistan along trafficking routes based on a recent drug use survey. Challenges such as demand, changes in law enforcement, instability and conflicts, trends in licit trade, governance and corruption and poverty can all influence shifts in drug trafficking routes. Partner Discussions Suggested expansion of the PPI to include African and other Middle East counterparts especially the Combined Maritime Forces. Questions as to whether Europe s profiling system is adequate or perhaps the lack of seizures indicates that traffickers are looking for alternate routes. Given the overall lack of intelligence communication across the African continent, the set-up of a regional intelligence centre could be explored to strengthen intelligence inputs. Shared concerns amongst partners over the rise of counterfeit pharmaceuticals markets. Partners to coordinate intelligence to investigate whether the Russian Federation remains the end user for opiates along the Northern Route. Given the rise in the maritime trafficking of opiates, it is important to understand where heroin is going especially once it reaches the shores of Africa. Greater emphasis to be placed on curbing cultivation numbers based on lessons learned from other countries success stories. Need for improved inter-regional and strengthened intelligence cooperation. ITEM II: OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW; INTERNATIONAL INVESTIGATIONS INTO TRAFFICKING OF PRECURSORS Regional Intelligence Working Group on Precursors and Investigations on Precursors in particular in Afghanistan, neighbouring countries and main producers countries of such chemical substances, presentation by Mr. Mark Colhoun, Senior Law Enforcement Advisor, Law Enforcement Section, UNODC Country Office in Afghanistan. Information exchange is the cornerstone for effective precursors control by bringing together both the proactive and reactive arms between regulatory control and law enforcement. Explained that operation TARCET that ran from 2008-2011 was a wide operational approach aimed at tackling the diversion of precursors and witnessed significant increases in seizures in West and Central Asia. As per the recommendation emanating from the 2011 Paris Pact in New Delhi to develop an alternative approach in response to drops in seizures, the Regional Intelligence Working on Precursors (RIWGP) was developed as a targeted model to address diversions within the region. The objective of the RIWGP acts as an umbrella amongst a group of countries that aims to: address weaknesses in information exchange; facilitate backtracking investigations; and promote the development of intelligence-led operations. The National Intelligence Working Group on Precursors (NIWGP) is comprised of a drug regulation committee (regulatory), precursors control unit (law enforcement) and also engages the full range of central and provincial level law enforcement stakeholders that are involved in precursor control. Provided preliminary data on precursors seizure achievement in Afghanistan totally 42,798 litres stemming from 37 cases. Seizures have taken place in all provinces where manufacturing takes place, clearing demonstrating that there are no diversions from domestic distribution channels. 5

The regional overview is limited by comparison and there have been no seizures outside of the I.R. s of Iran and Pakistan. There is no evidence of diversions within the region from domestic distribution. Backtracking investigations are hampered as consignments have been broken down and there is no adjoining documentation to initiate backtracking. In 2013 the Afghanistan NIWGP identified target cases enabling the identification of preliminary precursor trafficking routes. The RIWGP model works well with CARICC acting as an operational coordination unit with UNODC acting as a secretariat. This enables focused case meetings and strongly supports the premise that any new existing initiatives should dovetail with existing ones. (Outcomes of RIWGP meetings are listed in the corresponding presentation). Operational meetings are pivotal to precursor investigations. Meetings are achieving results but are not as effective and quick as needed due to slow information exchange and identifying the right type of information for case meetings. In order to break the reactive approach to tackling precursor trafficking: it is essential to conduct investigations; convene operational meetings; further pursue under the auspices of the PPI to replicate the NIWGP and RIWGP models to other regions to identify threats, coordinate response and feed information into the international arena as there is no domestic diversion in Afghanistan; conduct additional law enforcement activities to identify and stop diversion; address the issue of synthetic drugs in West and Central Asia; and strengthen links with the Container Control Programme to address multi-ton consignments. Partner Discussions Cases indicate that South East Asia region is being targeted for diversions. Important to identify how consignments are moving to identify threats. There are no global risk indicators for diversions however there are risk indicators in place within certain regions. A proactive approach to tackling diversion requires a structured model similar to the NIWGP and RIWGP. Drug lab dismantling data in Afghanistan points to the absence of large stockpiles. Speculated on the role of glacial and acetic acids as well as other chemicals based on existing investigations. Currently there are no conclusions to date on why these chemicals are being used. "Preventing diversion of drug precursors: the approach of the EU", presentation by Mr. Federico Musso, Policy Officer, European Commission. The European legislative framework is the main means to tackle precursors diversions within the EU. Overview of the current framework: consists of two regulations addressing external and intra-eu trade with key implementation rules. Scheduled substances with mandatory monitoring and non-scheduled substances with voluntary monitoring are included in the legislation broken down by category of substance. To date, there are several obligations for operators dealing with chemical precursors broken down by the category of the substance. This is includes common obligations, external trade obligations and intra-community trade obligations. (For a complete list by substance category, please refer to the presentation on ADAM). Partnership between competent authorities and the chemical industry works well within the EU. This is supported by guidelines for industry (an EU obligation) and the notification of suspicious transactions. New legislative features on external trade (not yet in place) include: strengthening control in medicinal products containing ephedrine or pseudoephedrine; and strengthening control of competent authorities regarding no-scheduled substances. 6

New legislative feature on intra EU-trade (not yet in place) include: compulsory registration of enduser and acetic anhydride; definition of user is added; split of category 2 substances; and improving the rules for license and registration. New common changes will include: definitions of scheduled substance and natural product ; strengthening rules for licensing and registration; explicit powers for controlling non-scheduled substances; quicker reaction to new trends; EU database on drug precursors; scheduling of A- Phenylacetoacetonitrite (APAAN) in Annex; data protection provisions; and new Delegated Acts and Implementing Acts according to the Lisbon Treaty. At the time of the meeting, the two regulation proposals were in the final phase of the legislative procedure and were expected to enter into force by January 2014 with a transitional period of 18 months post-publication for registration of end-users. International cooperation between the EU and third countries takes place through bilateral agreement (with Turkey, China, ANDEAN countries, US, Chile and Mexico) and through international initiatives (project PRISM precursors required in synthetic drugs manufacturing, and project COHESION focusing on key drug precursors for cocaine and heroin). The bilateral agreement with China is significant as the EU continues to be flooded by APAAN and China remains a source country. This agreement has facilitated exchange of case specific information and has yielded seizure results. The EU is currently negotiating a bilateral agreement with the Russian Federation (expected to enter into force in early 2014) with the purpose to monitor trade, engage in mutual administrative assistance, technical and scientific cooperation and set up a joint follow-up group. EU engagement in international initiatives allows for: exchange of information on seizures, identified diversion attempts and suspicious shipments; offers the flexibility to react to rapidly changing patterns of diversion and trafficking; and collaborate with other voluntary initiatives (like those spearheaded by INCB). Partner Discussions Extensive discussion on the scheduling of APAAN. As APAAN has no legitimate industrial application, it was easier for the EU and other countries to table it for discussion. Considering that APAAN was tabled back in 2009 at the beginning of the EU legislative review process, new trends and substances have emerged. Once the new legislation is in force it will ease the speed of adding newer substances to the scheduled list. The EC aims to harmonize rules based on the delegated authority provided by Members States. Enforcement and control is in the hands of the competent authorities of each Member State while the EC serves to coordinate legislation and information. Acetic Anhydride smuggling in the EU: A Europol perspective, presentation by Mr. Karol Koprivnansky, Operations Department, Europol. According to the Europol 2013 Serious Organized Crime Threat Assessment (SOCTA) two priorities for future work in the EU remain: international drug trafficking; and combatting the 3,600 organized crime groups operating in the EU 30% of which are involved in drug trafficking. Europol provides specialized support to EU Members States by assisting investigations through four specific teams mandated on drugs. The Heroin team tackles heroin and AA issues. Traffickers target the EU as a potential source region for AA through South East of Europe. AA is diverted by criminal groups from legitimate companies by using false documentation and false companies. Provided an overview of WATANI investigations to demonstrate the modus operandi of how a trafficking case study and related operational meetings are coordinated. The WATANI investigations (strategic level): 7

o o o o o o o Agreement to coordinate through a Europol sub-project in coordination with eight EU Members States, the US Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and Eurojust over the course of a 15 month period between 2010-2011. Main objectives were to support operational activities of ongoing investigations; map and dismantle AA trafficking organized crime groups by identifying organizers, suppliers, distribution and logistics networks and where possible the end user; and monitor the increasing supply of AA. Significant seizures took place following each operational meeting thanks to successful intelligence sharing. Taking a closer look at the seizure of 6.5 tons of AA that took place in Hungary it became evident that the Czech Republic was the point of diversion. Coordinated investigations enabled: house searches to take place; main suspects arrested; and additional evidence collected. WATANI Results: more than 37 tons of AA seized; organized crime group network mapped and dismantled; multiple analytical repots produced; more than 200 securely exchanged messages and eight coordination meetings took place. The seizures were highly significant in terms of quantity and the amount of heroin that could have been produced if the consignments had reached Afghanistan. Partner Discussions Important reminder of the role that South Eastern Europe plays within this discussion of diversion from the EU. Consider how the EU can organize itself to collect intelligence operationally to include South Eastern Europe based on an adaptation of the RIWGP concept. Presentation on INCB activities to help identify and prevent diversion of acetic anhydride by Mr. Imrich Betko, Drug Control Officer, Precursors Control Section, International Narcotics Control Board (INCB). INCB proposals to help identify and prevent the diversion of AA: o Promote the use of PICS as a communication platform for information sharing on precursor incidents; o Review control measures applied to domestic trade and distribution of AA; o Review legitimate needs, in Afghanistan for chemicals not under international control; o Evaluate the likelihood of the internet becoming a major vehicle for the unregulated supply of precursor chemicals; o Awareness raising and capacity building, training on law enforcement investigations. Provided an overview on the evolution of and how to use the PICS communication platform for information sharing between national authorities on precursor incidents. The tool is widely used by more than 350 users in 80 countries and eight regional and international organizations. Operation Eagle Eye launched based on the decisions of the project Cohesion task force with 42 participating countries in cooperation with the UNODC Container Control Programme (CCP). Its primary aim is to focus on domestic trade and enables anti-smuggling/risk profiling activities in order to understand how AA is moving and entering Afghanistan. Eagle Eye was created in light of legislative loopholes similar to those discovered in the EU in countries outside of the EU that can be targets for diversions. Eagle Eye has facilitated a better understanding of information on the capacity of countries to produce AA that can be used to design future interventions. In spite of all of the information gathered via Eagle Eye and the availability of estimates of annual legitimate requirement for AA (country and company level), little is known about how AA gets into 8

Afghanistan. It is imperative to undertake proactive initiatives such as Eagle Eye to find answers to these questions (i.e. especially in relation to other substances like Glacial Acetic Acid GAA). At present, there is an unclear level of domestic control of AA so the next step is to engage countries that are targeted by traffickers to implement basic control measures. There is still much to do to determine the role of the Internet as a vehicle for the unregulated supply of precursor chemicals. Investigations are already underway to determine the viability of information/intelligence and it is important to determine if there are any requirements for the registration/authorization of companies posting on the Internet, offers to buy/sell AA. INCB undertaking a project on Exchange of intelligence on Acetic Anhydride and Precursors Trafficking in Central and West Asia which aims to increase the engagement of regional intelligence centres in intelligence exchanges and information sharing. Consultations have been initiated with the I.R. of Afghanistan for international non-controlled chemicals, used in the manufacture of heroin to determine to what extent monitoring the trade in these substances without limiting trade and supply for legitimate purposes. There have also been investigations into past shipments of AA to Iraq at this stage it is possible to prevent deliveries but it is still unknown who is behind the order. On a positive note, Iraq has joined Eagle Eye so there is hope to obtain information that can be turned into intelligence. Thus far, there are clear linkages of AA movements between the Middle East and West and Central Asia. Recognition of the importance of voluntary cooperation as a very important source of information. A meeting will be held in 2014 in West Asia to discuss how INCB Guidelines for a Voluntary Code of Practice can be implemented by chemical producers and trading countries to generate information for law enforcement to prevent diversions. Partner Discussions Collective concern over the Internet creating a new global market for precursor diversions and trade. Clear implications of a state s political instability as a facilitator for the diversion of precursors and drug trafficking. At present, there are still only direct implications as to how precursor movements are taking place towards Afghanistan. Traffickers clearly taking advantage of countries where precursor control measures are lower. A request was made by partners for greater engagement of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries to participate in all future Paris Pact fora. Abuse of transit trade containers and agreements are a growing concern for smuggling given the lack of scrutiny of consignments. In response to the concern over capacity at dry ports (given that most seizures are taken place inside Afghanistan and not at its borders), dry ports are to be the focus of CCP s future activities in country. It is clear that drug consignments are being opened en-route from Afghanistan and being broken down into small shipments that are harder to track. DAY 2 Friday, 29 November 2013 Mr. Fiander briefly summarized the first day s discussion which centred on: changes to drug trafficking routes, the emergence of Africa as a transhipment hub, the evolving nature of the counterfeit drug market, the impact that security and border control can have on law enforcement operations, the effectiveness of the RIWGP concept and its possible replication to other regions, the EU s tightening of precursors regulations and how these new regulations can be adapted for the improvement of legislation in other countries/regions, the importance of liaison with the chemical industry, the review of key case studies 9

spearheaded within the EU and by INCB. It is fundamental to reignite operational activity as any operation no matter how successful will always have a limited shelf life. Partners were reminded that all presentations are to be made available on the Paris Pact ADAM website an information sharing platform) - https://www.paris-pact.net/. ITEM III: INTELLIGENCE SHARING BETWEEN REGIONAL INTELLIGENCE CENTRES Updates from Paris Pact partners on their progress on cross-cutting law enforcement initiatives as a follow up to The Hague Conclusions: CARICC s Capacities to Counter Transnational Drug-Related Crimes, presentation by Colonel Amanzhol Urazbayev, Head of Information and Analytical Unit, CARICC. Provided a history of trafficking activities along the Northern Route and interventions set up to stop flows from Afghanistan. Successful coordination requires the presence of a central structure like CARICC with delegated authority and broad powers to facilitate interventions. The goal of CARICC is to coordinate efforts of competent authorities of member states in combatting illicit drug trafficking. It s primary objectives include: assisting in organizing and coordinating joint international operations; and collecting, storing, protecting, analysing, and information sharing on drug-related crime. There are seven members states and 16 observing states/organizations that allow for broader cooperation. Member states and seven observers possess Liaison Officers with CARICC. (Afghanistan being the most recent addition to the Liaison Officers ranks). MoUs are in place with key international organization to facilitate cooperation with CARICC. The coordination of international operations takes place at two levels: long-term such as Operations TARCET, Global Shield and Black Tulip ; and short-term such as certain joint operations and investigations, including international controlled deliveries. Provided an overview of coordinating efforts involved in the above-mentioned operations. For TARCET, CARICC served as a liaison hub between eight participating countries; Black Tulip involved 14 participants with the aim of interdiction of transnational drug trafficking organizations as well as the identification of trafficking routes and modes of transport used; while Global Shield aimed to uncover and interdict the diversion and trafficking of precursor chemicals used in the manufacture of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and was organized by UNODC, WCO and Interpol with 32 competent authorities participating and CARICC serving as regional liaison hub. Also provided Global Shield seizure data, as some chemicals can also be used to manufacture drugs. Demonstrated the effective results of a 5-month long drug trafficking controlled delivery coordinated by CARICC which was the result of facilitating coordination, applying intelligence, analysis and calculated risk indicators to the situation to uncover an entire trafficking route from Kazakhstan to Canada. This methodology could also be applied for combatting the diversion of precursors. In relation to information and analytical activities: CARICC possesses a secure Centralized Database and sources of information; conducts strategic analysis of the drug situation in the region by producing annual reports, bulletins, weekly summaries of high profile seizures and the development of a reference book on stamps and other markings on heroin packages; CARICC carries out intelligence analysis based on subjects that emerges from information exchange; and engages in the protection of key secure communication channels. (WCO system, Interpol, key software, and CARICC s own communication channel). 10

Also provided a walk-through guide of the CARICC online user-interface and the results of using CARICC s capacities to organize information exchange (which resulted in 29 operations, more than 6 tonnes of drugs seized and 58 offenders arrested). CARICC remains unique in the region given: its international status; centralized database; experience in implementing international operations; the institute of Liaison Officers; its own secure communication channel; conducting strategic and operational analysis; and building confidence amongst partners for exchange. Partner Discussions Heroin precursor trafficking along the Northern Route is still a mystery. In general, large consignments of precursors have not been seen moving into Afghanistan. In Afghanistan there is anecdotal information, but no concrete evidence is available. The underdevelopment of transport infrastructure links within Central Asia can be perceived from a vantage point to curb trafficking along the Northern Route. Under the PPPI umbrella, there is a need for greater emphasis on building cooperation and information exchange. In this context, CARICC prides itself on building confidence amongst partners. There are some obstacles to receiving information as generally speaking, information is only shared upon request rather than through a voluntary and automatic intelligence sharing approach. There are numerous success criteria including how to handle and translate raw data to enable confidence building. It is important that Liaison Officer do not develop their own parallel channels of communication/networks outside of existing mechanisms. This would undermine what is being accomplished under the PPI umbrella and would hamper a long-term strategy for building cooperation. In relation to latest trends on drug production and trade post-2014, there is a pessimistic view that a sharp increase in cultivation would lead to a similar upswing in trafficking and volumes produced. A request was put forth for CARICC and the Russian Federation to facilitate improved border cooperation between the I.R. of Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. As not all Central Asian countries joined operation Eagle Eye, open source information on seizure data is only anecdotal on precursors movements within Central Asia. UNODC has been working with CARICC to improve the analytical capacity of law enforcement authorities and improve how to analyse open source data. Following an informal workshop conducted in June 2013 in Almaty, an analysis of organized crime group profiles in Central Asia is underway and will be shared with CARICC members in December 2013. UNODC and CARICC also intend to measure, analyse and study performance indicators of drug law enforcement organizations in Central Asia. Discussions for the study are ongoing and require the engagement of additional participants. A study on analysing concealment methods is also underway between UNODC and CARICC. WCO is in a position to provide guidance and training on concealment methods and coordinate activities between partners as needed. Under operation Eagle Eye, the controlled delivery handbook designed by UNODC/WCO is used for the development of risk criteria and route identification. It is important to note that operation Global Shield focused on 14 chemicals commonly used for the making of IEDs and included seizures of AA. Update on achievements of the Counter-Narcotics Police of Afghanistan, presentation by Mr. S. Abdul Samad Moneeb, Department for Border Affairs and Security Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Provided an overview of drug and precursors related seizures and controlled delivery operations between 2011-2013. 11

Counter Narcotics Police of Afghanistan (CNPA) willing to engage with other partners to conduct controlled deliveries. Provided a visual overview of drug and precursor concealment methods which have included: aluminium containers; dairy product tetra-paks; within almonds and other nuts; detergent bottles; and within road vehicles. Gave an overview of drug destruction operations. It is presumed that heroin-processing labs are primarily concentrated in northern Afghanistan. According to formal/informal reports, there are estimated to be between 60-150 drug networks operating in northern Afghanistan. Information on their respective organizational structure is not confirmed. Several groups communicate with groups across the border and even work with weapon smuggling networks. Available information can only increase through improved cross-border cooperation. Touched upon the topic of illicit financial flows connected to drug trafficking that takes place through the Hawala system, investments (including property) inside and outside the country as well as the exploitation of licit trade. Highlighted key drug trafficking routes via north and north-eastern Afghanistan via Central Asia. Key challenges in-country centre on lack of border control, capacity and available personnel, technological deficiencies and requires strengthening regional initiatives. Partner Discussions The I.R. of Pakistan explained that according to UNODC analysis, Baluchistan is considered poppyfree except for some nominal cultivation-taking place in areas inaccessible to the Government. Concrete evidence needs to be shared amongst the international community on the topic of narcotrafficking. Strengthening Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) cooperation is vital and there is more need to target cash couriers. It is vital to work toward the proper handling of information from within Afghanistan so that it can be used to identify trafficking networks, track illicit financial flows and identify different suppliers, preparers and importers in order to maximize international assistance to the country. It is important to note the work of mentor units, which is a work in progress that regularly share information between counterparts. ITEM IV: TECHNIQUES AND INITIATIVES Overview of activities under the Sub-Programme 1 Regional Law Enforcement Cooperation of the UNODC Regional Programme for Afghanistan and neighbouring countries by Mr. Mark Colhoun, Senior Law Enforcement Advisor, Law Enforcement Section, UNODC Country Office in Afghanistan. Important to look at ways to expand practices in West and Central through the principle of networking the networks and information exchange between the regions. Under Sub-Programme 1: covers eight countries and activities focus on building capacities in a uniform manner on issues such as training, precursor control, cross-border control and forensics. This includes the Triangular (TI) and Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan (AKT) Initiatives. Over 2013, there have been monthly NIWGPs - looking at the precursor trafficking situation, reviewing seizures and assessing what information needed to be developed, shared, put onto PICS, and disseminated to CARICC. This fed into two RIWGP detailed operational meetings. 12

National activities feed into regional activities, which in turn feed into case specific meetings. (A very structured apparatus). A third operational meeting is planned for the remainder of 2013 with a focus on an 18 tonne seizure that took place in the I.R. of Iran. The participation of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and China will be extremely important for the success of the meeting especially as the UAE has been reluctant to engage in previous precursor activities. The presence of CARICC and the Joint Planning Cell (JPC) will also be essential to ensure regional information exchange centres are briefed and can contact other relevant countries. 2014 will see a move toward an increasing proactive approach with the launching of a time bound operation that will be the focus of the next RIWGP planned in Turkmenistan in January 2014. The operation should be launched in the spring. One can see the advantage that the existence of a framework such as this brings to West and Central as is it backed by strong country programmes as well. It is important to have focal points similar to CARICC and JPC that can focus activities within a framework like the RIWGP in a certain direction. The fundamental question is how to engage everyone across the regions and engage across the trafficking chain. It is imperative to look at what is happening in East Europe to determine who can coordinate antiprecursor activities and to review connections to Asia, North Africa and East and South Asia as well. The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) would need to be engaged for a more coordinated approach toward Afghanistan in particular. This initiative also need to link more closely with the UNODC-led cross-border cooperation initiative known as Networking the Networks (meeting December 2013). UNODC is not in a position to take the global lead on precursors and welcomes recommendations on any partners/organization can be approached to facilitate the coordination precursor activities and will send a note on to the Networking the Networks in search of feedback as well. Partner Discussions Europol is ready to engage more closely and will discuss with European Commission counterparts to determine what can be planned with a more operational focus in EU Member States. Analysis of Precursors, presentation by Dr. Tahmineh Baheri Islami, Head of Anti-Narcotics Police Laboratory, Anti-Narcotics Police of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Provided an overview how the analysis of precursors can serve as a tool for intelligence-led control of precursors. There are several elements related to combatting and tracking the movement of precursors, dismantling networks that profit from diversions, and strengthening border control to prevent illicit activities embedded into the drug policies of the I.R. of Iran. The forensic lab of the Anti-Narcotic Police of the I.R. of Iran focuses its efforts on the analysis of both drugs and precursors. Drug profiling facilitates precursor identification through the understanding and breakdown of numerous chemical reactions. The quality of a manufactured drug is dependent on the purity of the chemical used to produce it. Based on the analysis of heroin seizures, it is possible to identify which precursor is used for drug production. Analysing precursors enables authorities to determine the origin of production. At present, it is easiest to analyse precursors rather than reagents and solvents (all used in drug production). If AA producing countries were to share the chemical composition of their products, then a link could be drawn within transit or destination countries to detect the origin of a seizure. The I.R. of Iran is prepared to engage further on this issue via the JPC which is mandated to: establish communication with other regional and international bodies to exchange information and control 13

diverted chemicals; to conduct controlled deliveries in coordination with CARICC; and is willing to cooperate with other organizations to exchange information related to trafficking routes. Partner Discussions A worrying factor in Afghanistan for intelligence analysis that cannot be underestimated for use by investigators is the issue of heroin purity. At present, what is seized in country is extremely low in purity for a country that is a mass producer. UNODC and others are currently working with authorities to map whether this is a countrywide phenomena or a geographically limited issue. It is quite challenging to link specific cases and analysis that takes a great deal of coordination to avoid corruption and other obstacles. It would be important to extend this beyond neighbouring borders and verify seizures to understand purity levels that would require forensic labs coordinating with each. Numerous adulterants have been identified (paracetemol, caffeine etc ) and it is unclear where these items have originated. This could be the source of another time bound operation to come to a clear conclusion. Backtracking of adulterants and why these products are imported could provide several important aspects that would feed into the investigative community. A technical meeting between the CNPA and I.R. of Iran s forensic labs is planned for December 2013. This will mark the first regional collaborative exercise to formalize exchange between labs and the possible analytical standardization of methodologies, which would be extremely important for regional forensic intelligence. It would be important to expand this initiative throughout the West and Central Asia countries. It is vital to have a better understanding of heroin purity in Afghanistan and the greater region that would in turn shed more light on precursor movements within West and Central Asia. If purity levels are higher outside the region, this could be an indication of possible heroin production outside of Afghanistan. As for concerns over chemical waste dumping, UNODC has prepared a disposal manual for seized materials within Afghanistan to minimize environmental impact. This manual is used by the RIWGP and will be standardized across the region. At present, safe disposal is on the priority list of activities, but dumping sites are not given due to lack of equipment, access, capacity and a variety of other issues. The Russian Federation is currently drafting a model MoU aimed to strengthen public business cooperation in order to prevent domestic diversions of chemicals. It is anticipated that this MoU can also be adapted to other local contexts as needed. It would be useful to present this draft MoU for debate at the INCB spring 2014 workshop on voluntary cooperation. 14

CLOSING SESSION: REVIEW AND CONCLUSIONS Building upon the discussions of previous meetings on this topic held in Paris (November 2010), New-Delhi (November 2011) and The Hague (February 2013), the following key points emanated from the meeting: The need to build upon the successes of existing frameworks for cooperation such as the Regional Intelligence Working Group on Precursors model and replicating similar operationally oriented interventions in other regions such as Europe and South East Asia; The ongoing importance of strengthening, building and expanding inter-regional cooperation; The continuous promotion of information sharing between country level and regional intelligence centers; The welcome development of new coordination mechanisms such as the forthcoming Networking the Networks Conference (Istanbul, 12-13 December 2013) which aims to address cross-cutting threats and challenges; The need to standardize analytical forensic methodologies to ensure the transfer of results, the strengthening of forensic intelligence and investigative capacities; Significant changes taking place along trafficking routes with greater emphasis on maritime trafficking and the emergence of Africa as a trans-shipment hub; The importance of tightening precursors regulations on a global and regional scale; The need to build on new operational initiatives such as those spearheaded by INCB to strengthen risk profiling and promote cooperation with the chemical industry; Participants agreed that future EWGs dedicated to the diversion of precursor chemicals should centre increasingly more on operational activities by adopting a proactive approach. Mr. Fiander and Mr. Colhoun thanked experts for their participation and closed the working group meeting. 15

ANNEX I: AGENDA DAY 1 Thursday, 28 November 2013 09:00-09:30 Registration of participants 09:30-09:40 Opening Session Opening address by Mr. Oldřich Martinů, Europol Deputy Director. 9:40-09:50 Overview of the Expert Working Group Overview of the agenda and objectives of the meeting by Mr. Les Fiander, Project Manager, Operations Department, Europol. Working group of experts co-chaired by Mr. Les Fiander, Project Manager, Operations Department, Europol, Mr. Mark Colhoun, Senior Law Enforcement Advisor, Law Enforcement Section, UNODC Country Office in Afghanistan and Mr. Imrich Betko, Drug Control Officer, Precursors Control Section, International Narcotics Control Board. 09:50 11:30 Item I: Strategic overview; update on latest trends, routes & techniques used to smuggle precursor chemicals destined for use in illicit heroin production. Presentation on Afghan opiate trade: challenges and the way forward by Mr. Hakan Demirbüken, Afghan Opiate Trade Programme, Programme Management Officer, Statistics and Surveys Section, UNODC. Objectives: To update participants on current and developing trends concerning diversion of precursors and trafficking toward Afghanistan; To identify and raise awareness of potential weak points in the trafficking chain where law enforcement interdiction can be most effective. 11:30 11:45 Coffee break ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION 16

11:45 12:45 Item II: Operational overview; International investigations into trafficking of precursors. Regional Intelligence Working Group on Precursors and Investigations on Precursors in particular in Afghanistan, neighbouring countries and main producers countries of such chemical substances, presentation by Mr. Mark Colhoun, Senior Law Enforcement Advisor, Law Enforcement Section, UNODC Country Office in Afghanistan. Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and impact of such initiatives; also shortcomings; To consider new or complementary law enforcement actions in support of existing monitoring and back tracking mechanisms; can new regional initiatives be launched, coordinated at the international level? 12:45 14:00 Lunch break ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION 14:00 17:00 Item II: Operational overview; International investigations into trafficking of precursors (Continued). (15:15 15:30 Coffee Break) "Preventing diversion of drug precursors: the approach of the EU", presentation by Mr. Federico Musso, Policy Officer, European Commission. Acetic anhydride smuggling in the EU; a Europol perspective, presentation by Mr. Karol Koprivnansky, Operations Department, Europol. Presentation on INCB activities to help identify and prevent diversion of acetic anhydride by Mr. Imrich Betko, Drug Control Officer, Precursors Control Section, International Narcotics Control Board. ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION Objectives: To assess progress on The Hague Conclusions To examine methods and routes of diversion; To identify weaknesses in current control and monitoring mechanisms; and To acknowledge best practices 17

DAY 2 Friday, 29 November 2013 09:00 09:10 Summary of first day discussions by Mr. Les Fiander, Project Manager, Operations Department, Europol. 09:10 11:00 Item III: Intelligence sharing between regional intelligence centres Updates from Paris Pact partners on their progress on cross-cutting law enforcement initiatives as a follow up to The Hague Conclusions: CARICC s Capacities to Counter Transnational Drug-Related Crimes, presentation by Colonel Amanzhol Urazbayev, Head of Information and Analytical Unit, CARICC. Update on achievements of the Counter-Narcotics Police of Afghanistan, presentation by Mr. S. Abdul Samad Moneeb, Department for Border Affairs and Security Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Analysis of Precursors, presentation by Dr. Tahmineh Baheri Islami, Head of Anti- Narcotics Police Laboratory, Anti-Narcotics Police of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION Objectives: To update on the alignment of legal frameworks to improve the use of special investigative techniques, controlled deliveries, exchange of intelligence and parallel / joint investigations. To consider future cooperation possibilities and also obstacles. 11:00 11:45 Item IV: Techniques and initiatives Overview of activities under the Sub-Programme 1 Regional Law Enforcement Cooperation of the UNODC Regional Programme for Afghanistan and neighbouring countries by Mr. Mark Colhoun, Senior Law Enforcement Advisor, Law Enforcement Section, UNODC Country Office in Afghanistan. ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION Objectives: To gain overview of backtracking investigation activities carried out by law enforcement agencies in heroin producing and precursor source / transit regions as well as currently available training materials on backtracking investigation activities; To assess law enforcement actions in support of existing monitoring and backtracking mechanisms; To assess the cooperation between competent authorities and the chemical industry; To assess progress in strengthening of forensic capacity / technical assistance and the development of forensic intelligence and analysis in support of investigations. 18

11:45 12:00 Coffee Break 12:00 13:30 Closing session: Review and Conclusions Review of key points and summary of discussions; Closing remarks by Europol and UNODC. ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION Objectives: To assess progress and to consider prioritisation of recommendations with concrete and measureable proposals for practicable development. To gather ideas on linking operational initiatives and new planning activities. Background documentation: Published conclusions and final report from The Hague Feb. 2013 meetings on precursors and cross-border cooperation and legal frameworks. The 2011 expert recommendations from New Delhi and Islamabad continue to be valid and are considered as a stepping stone towards achieving the objectives of the Paris Pact Initiative. 19

ANNEX II: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Country / Org Name Title Organization 1. Afghanistan Mr. S. Abdul Samad MONEEB Official of the Department for Border Affairs and Security Cooperation Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Office address contact tel/fax MoFA Compound, Malik Asghar Road, Kabul Afghanistan Mob: +93 (0) 780 808 060 E-mail sayedmoneeb@gmail.co m 2. Afghanistan Mr. Asadullah SALHY Deputy Head of the Precursors Control Unit (PCU) Counter Narcotics Police of Afghanistan (CNPA) CNPA Compound, Qasaba Main Road, Dist Mob: +93 (0) 795 027 271 pcu.cnpa@gmail.com 3. Afghanistan Mr. Mohammad Sadiq SAIDI 4. Albania Mr. Ervin HASRAMA 5. Albania Madam Jonka CEKA 6. Austria Mr. Werner SCHWEIGHOFER 7. Azerbaijan Mr. Alakbar KHALAFOV Deputy Head of the Law Enforcement Section Specialist in Against Narcotics Sector Expert in information exchange Lt. Colonel Chief of Section, Colonel of Police Forces Ministry of Counter Narcotics (MCN) of Afghanistan General Directorate of State Police Directorate General of Customs Central Intelligence Services, Office 3.3, Drug related Crime Ministry of Internal Affairs MCN Compound, Jalalabad Road, District 9, Kabul Afghanistan Mob: +93 (0) 799 716 817 Blv. Bajram Curri, Tirane, Albania Tel:+355 42256792 Mob:+355 694102697 Fax:+355 42256792 RR. DURRESIT, LAPRAKE, TIRANA, ALBANIA Tel: +3554 2259042 Mob: +355 664151005 Fax: +3554 2259042 1090 Wien, Josef Holaubek Platz 1 Tel: +43-1-24836-85357 Mob: +436645289528 Baku, A.Abbaszade Str. 17 Tel:+99412 5983709 Mob:+99450 5144141 Fax:+99412 5909699 Sadiqsaidi4@gmail.com Ervin.hasrama@asp.gov. al jceka@dogana.gov.al werner.schweighofer@b mi.gv.at El.mamm_bnmi_@mail.r u

Country / Org Name Title Organization 8. Azerbaijan Mr. Elshad MAMMADLI Senior Criminal Intelligence Officer, Colonel of Police Forces 9. Belgium Mr. Jeremy STORME Investigator 10. 11. Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Mr. Ognjen ZEKIĆ Mr. Jasmin PLJEVLJAK Head of the Department Senior Advisor 12. CARICC Mr. Beksultan SARSEKOV Director of CARICC 13. CARICC Mr. Amanzhol URAZBAYEV Head of Information and Analytical Division / Colonel Ministry of Internal Affairs Cellule Précurseurs de la Direction Nationale des Recherches (D.N.R.) of the Belgian Customs Ministry of Security, Department for the Suppression of the Abuse of Narcotic Drugs Ministry of Security, Department for the Suppression of the Abuse of Narcotic Drugs Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre for Combating Illicit trafficking of narcotics drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors (CARICC) Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre for Combating Illicit trafficking of narcotics drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors (CARICC) Office address contact tel/fax Baku, A.Abbaszade Str. 17 Tel:+99412 5983709 Mob:+99450 5144141 Fax:+99412 5909699 Boulevard du Roi Albert II, n 33, Boite 385, 1030 Bruxelles Tel : +32 (0) 257 82 783 Mob : +32 (0) 47 07 82 783 Trg Bosne i Hercegovine 1 Tel: 00 387 33 492-706 Mob: 00 387 65 612-384 Trg Bosne i Hercegovine 1 Tel: 00 387 33 492-707 Mob: 00 387 61 310-132 52 Abay Ave., Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan Tel:+7 727 244 24 03 Fax:+7 727 392 15 54 52 Abay Ave., Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan Tel:+7 727 244 24 65 Fax:+7 727 392 15 54 E-mail El.mamm_bnmi_@mail.r u Jeremy.storme@minfin.f ed.be ognjen.zekic@msb.gov.b a jasmin.pljevljak@msb.go v.ba Beksultan.sarsekov@cari cc.org Amanzhol.urazbayev 21

14. Country / Org Name Title Organization Council of Europe / Pompidou Group Mr. Tony VERACHTERT Chief Commissioner Belgian judicial Police expert seconded to Pompidou Group 15. Eurojust Virve TOIVANEN Case Analysis Assistant 16. European Union Mr. Tom CARTER Project Coordinator / Team Leader 17. European Union Mr. Federico MUSSO Policy Officer Council of Europe, Pompidou Group Eurojust Case Analysis Unit European Commission FIIAPP EU funded project "Information Networks along the Heroin Route" European Commission DG Enterprise and Industry Unit F.2 Chemicals Industry 18. Europol Mr. Oldřich Martinů Deputy Director Europol 19. Europol Mr. Les FIANDER 20. France Mr. Thibault CORNUT- GENTILLE Project Manager, Operations Department First Secretary 21. Germany Mr. Wolfgang SCHREIBER Head of Police Europol Embassy of France, The Hague Federal Criminal Police Office, Joint Customs and Police Precursor Monitoring Unit Office address contact tel/fax Nervierslaan 85, 1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel:+32 2 286 5006 Mob:+32 479 173874 Fax:+32 2 230 9462 Maanweg 174 2516 AB The Hague Netherlands Beatriz de Bobadilla, 18 4ª Planta Dcha. - 28040 Madrid Tel:(+34) 91 591 51 04 Mob:+380639886275 BREY 11/212 (Ave. d'auderghem/oudergemsela an 45) B-1049 Brussels/Belgium Tel:+32 2 29-75134 Eisenhowerlaan 73, 2517 KK, The Hague, The Netherlands Eisenhowerlaan 73, 2517 KK, The Hague, The Netherlands Tel.: +31 (0) 70 353 16 69 Mob.: +31 (0) 6 248 23 158 Anna Paulowna Straat 76, 2518 BJ La Haye Tel:+0031690677719 Bundeskriminalamt, George- Marshall-Str. 20, D-65197 Wiesbaden Tel.: +49 611 55 14888 Mob.: +49 151 16819929 Fax.: +49 611 5545135 E-mail Tony.verachtert@coe.int vtoivanen@eurojust.eur opa.eu TLHR2@fiiapp.org Federico.MUSSO@ec.eur opa.eu les.fiander@europol.eur opa.eu thibault.cornutgentille@diplomatie.gou v.fr wolfgang.schreiber@bka.bund.de so22-gues@bka.bund.de 22

Country / Org Name Title Organization 22. INCB Mr. Imrich BETKO Drug Control Officer INCB 23. INTERPOL Mr. Stephen BROWN 24. Iran (Islamic Republic of) Dr. Tahmineh BAHERI ISLAMI Drugs Intelligence Unit Coordinator Head of Anti Narcotic Police Laboratory INTERPOL Anti Narcotic Police Office address contact tel/fax Vienna International Centre, Wien, Austria Tel :+43 1 260 60 41 66 Fax :+43 1 260 60 5930 200 Quai Charles de Gaulle 69006 Lyon Tel.:+ 0033 4 72 44 72 51 Mob.:+ 0033 6 76 05 89 98 Fax.:+ 0033 4 72 44 76 32 E-mail Imrich.betko@incb.org s.brown@interpol.int dea@police.ir 25. Iran (Islamic Republic of) Madam Ashraf ZAMANI Expert Anti Narcotic Police 26. 27. 28. Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of) 29. Italy Mr. Hamidreza RAFEAPOUR TEHRANI Mr. Ebrahim TAHERI Mr. Seyed Reza MOSAVI AHMADI Madam Mirna CARADONNA Senior Expert of the International Relations Office Expert of the Supply Reduction Department Expert Head of Analysis & Research Division Drug Control Headquarters Drug Control Headquarters Drug Control Headquarters Ministry of Interior, Drug Directorate #32, North Naft, Zafar Street, Tehran, Iran Tel:(+98-21) 2290 1220 Fax:(+98-21) 2290 1221 #32, North Naft, Zafar Street, Tehran, Iran Tel:(+98-21) 2290 1220 Fax:(+98-21) 2290 1221 6TH floor, I.R. of Iran s Customs Adm Central Building, Vali Asr Street Tel:+9821 880 53 29 Fax:+98 Via Torre Di Mezzavia, 700100 Rome, Italy +39 06461523000 Fax: +39 0646523689 tehrani@dchq.ir taheri@dchq.ir drugs@irica.org mirna.caradonna@intern o.it 23

Country / Org Name Title Organization 30. Kyrgyzstan Mr. Timur ISAKOV 31. 32. Macedonia (FYR of) Macedonia (FYR of) Colonel of the drug Control Service, Head of the Unit 24 State Drug Control Service, Licensing and Drug Prevention Unit Mr. Aleksandar PETROV Chief inspector Ministry of Interior Mr. Toni GALEVSKI 33. Montenegro Mr, Miodrag LAKOVIC Head of department for combating drug trafficking on an international level Chief police inspector-head of Counter-Drug Division Ministry of Interior Ministry of Interior, Police Directorate 34. Netherlands (The) Mr. Frank STEVERINK Expert National Crime Squad 35. Norway Mr. Lars MELING Senior Adviser 36. Pakistan 37. Romania 38. Russian Federation Mr. Mian Mhammad Zulqarnain AAMIR Madam Cristina Elena PRODEA-MANOLOIU Mr. Alexander SHIROKOZHUKHOV Joint Secretary Drug Precursors Specialist Deputy Head of Directorate Ministry of Justice and Civil Security Narcotics Control Division National Anti Drug Agency Federal Drug Control Service Office address contact tel/fax 80 Toktogula Srt., Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Tel:+996 312 62 2263 Mob:+996 772 92 94 96 Str. Dimce Mircev no.9 Skopje 1000, R. Macedonia Tel: +38972333273 Mob: +38970242658 Str. Dimce Mircev no.9 Skopje 1000, R. Macedonia Tel: +38972333273 Mob: +38970248672 Bulevar Svetog Petra Cetinjskog 22, 81000 Podgorica Mob: +382 67 184 836 PB 8005 Dep, N-0030 Oslo Tel: +4722245313 Mob: +4797764733 House No. 30 Str.No 48, F- 8/4, Islamabad, Pakistan Tel:+0092 51 92 618 04 Mob:+0092 300 8460706 Fax:+0092 51 9261812 37,Unirii blvd, Bucharest, ROMANIA Tel:0040213147677 Mob:0040723922827 Fax:0040213147677 12 Maroseyka street, Moscow, Russia, 101990 Tel: +7 499 951 1806 Fax: +7 495 625 3774 E-mail isakovtimiur@mail.ru t.isakov@gskn.kg Aleksandar_petrov@moi.gov.mk toni_galevski@moi.gov. mk droga.ukp@t-com.me frank.steverink@klpd.pol itie.nl lars.meling@jd.dep.no benn4@online.no mmza@yahoo.com precursori@ana.gov.ro ums@fskn.ru

Country / Org Name Title Organization 39. Russian Federation Mr. Alexey ROGOV Deputy Director 40. Russian Federation Mr. Evgeny TERESHCHENKO Third Secretary 25 Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Foreign Affairs 41. Russian Federation Mr. Aleksei SOLDATOV Detective/major of police Ministry of the Interior 42. Serbia Mr. Ivan BRANDIC Head of the Department 43. Serbia Mr. Zoran LUJIC Police inspector Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia, Drug Smuggling Suppression Department within the Criminal Police Directorate of the General Police Directorate Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia, Drug Smuggling Suppression Department within the Criminal Police Directorate of the General Police Directorate 44. Switzerland Mr. Christian SCHNEIDER Strategic Analyst Federal Office of Police 45. Tajikistan Mr. Alisher TASHRIPOV Head of Department, Lieutenant-Colonel Drug Control Agency under the President of the republic of Tajikistan, Office address contact tel/fax 32/34 Smolenskaya- Sennaya, 121200, Moscow Tel.:+7 499 244 18 37 Fax:+7 499 244 37 14 32/34 Smolenskaya- Sennaya, 121200, Moscow Tel.:+7 499 244 18 37 Fax:+7 499 244 37 14 Zhitnaya St. 16-119049 Moscow Tel: +74956675233 Mob: +79104540925 Fax: +74956675233 Boulevard Mihajla Pupina no2 Tel: + 381 11 3139920 Mob: + 381 64 892 2244 Fax:+ 381 11 3148464 Boulevard Mihajla Pupina no2 Tel: + 381 11 3139920 Mob: + 381 64 892 2180 Fax:+ 381 11 3148464 Nussbaumstrasse 29, CH- 3003 Bern Tel: +41 322 43 68 Mob: +41 79 875 19 29 PO 734000 Dushanbe, N. Karabaeva street, 52 Tel:(+99237) 234-64-20 E-mail dnv@mid.ru dnv@mid.ru SoldatovAlexey@yandex. ru Ivan.brandic@mup.gov.r s zoran.lujic@mup.gov.rs chrisitan.schneider@fed pol.admin.ch dca@tojikiston.com, tashripov_alisher@mail.r u

Country / Org Name Title Organization 46. Turkmenistan Mr. Dortli CHARYYEV Deputy head of precursors department 47. Ukraine Mr. Oleg DZISIAK Head of Department 48. United Kingdom Madam Jo-Anna CAMPBELL-WAGGOTT 49. United Kingdom Madam Rhyana BUTLER 50. United Kingdom Madam Charlene WOOLLEY 51. 52. United States of America United States of America Senior Officer Counter Narcotics Desk Officer Counter-Narcotics Desk Officer Department of Licit Drug Circulation State service for security of healthy society State Service of Ukraine on Drugs Control, Department on Control, Licensing, Quotes and Authorizations Joint Narcortics Analysis Centre (JNAC) Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) Foreign & Commonwealth Office Madam Marie KURTH Foreign Affairs Officer U.S. Department of State Madam Heidi CARROLL 53. UNMIK Mr. Alain LAPON Diversion Investigator Project Manager/Chief Technical Advisor Drug Enforcement Administration UNDP Office address contact tel/fax Mob:(+992) 935-200-292 Fax:(+99237) 234-81-29 Str. 2023, building 9, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Tel:+99312 93-10-83 Fax:+99312 93-11-52 51, Chervonozoryanyy av., Kiev, Ukraine, 03680 Tel:+380 44 2480712 Mob:+380 504628824 Fax:+380 44 2480712 Room 280, Old War Office, Whitehall, London Tel: 02072185760 King Charles Street, London, SW11 5NY Tel:02070081834 Foreign & Commonwealth Office, King Charles Street, London, SW1A 2AH Tel:020 7008 4894 U.S. Department of State Navy Hill, SA-4 S 2430 E St NW Washington, DC 20520 Tel: 202-776-8418 US Consulate General Giessener Strasse 30 60435 Frankfurt am Main, Germany Tel: +49-69-7535-3773 Luan Haradinaj, nn, 10000 Pristina Tel:+381 38 521 108 Mob: + 386 49 785 910 E-mail zmi@narko.gov.ua jo-anna.campbellwaggott@nca.x.gsi.gov.u k Rhyana.butler@fco.gov.u k Charlene.woolley@fco.g ov.uk KurthMJ@state.gov Heidi.J.Carroll@usdoj.go v alain.lapon@undp.org 26

Country / Org Name Title Organization 54. UNMIK Mr. Veton ELSHANI 55. UNMIK Mr. Bajram NUHIU 56. UNODC Mr. Mark COLHOUN 57. UNODC Madam Marie-Anne MENIER 58. UNODC Mr. Hakan DEMIRBUKEN Director ILECU /Chief of International Relations Office Deputy Director of Anti- Drug Department Senior Law Enforcement Advisor Project Coordinator Paris Pact Initiative Programme Management Officer 59. UNODC Mr. Rashid ABEDI Project officer 60. UNODC Madam Francesca MASSANELLO Consultant, Paris Pact Initiative 61. WCO Mr. Ulrich MEISER Senior Technical Officer Kosovo Police Kosovo Police UNODC Country Office for Afghanistan UNODC, Vienna UNODC, Vienna Statistics and Surveys Section Afghan Opiate Trade Monitoring Project, UNODC Country Office for Afghanistan, Container Control Programme Afghanistan UNODC, Vienna World Customs Organization (WCO) Office address contact tel/fax Luan Haradinaj, nn, 10000 Pristina Luan Haradinaj, nn, 10000 Pristina UNODC Country Office for Afghanistan, Kolola Pushta Road, Kabul, Tel:+93 796 728138 UNODC, VIC, Wagramerstrasse 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria Tel.: +43-1-260604370 Mob.: +4369914594370 UNODC, Vienna International Centre Tel : +43 1 260604366 UNODC Country Office for Afghanistan, HOUSE # 257, STREET # 149, KOLOLA PUSHTA, KABUL AFGHANISTAN P.O.BOX 5, Mob: +93 796869435 UNODC, VIC, Wagramerstrasse 5, A-1400 Vienna, Austria Rue Du Marche 30, B-1210 Brussels, Belgium Tel:+32 (0) 2 209 9324 Fax:+32 (0) 2 209 9493 E-mail veton.elshani@kosovopo lice.com bajram.nuhiu@kosovopo lice.com mark.colhoun@unodc.or g marieanne.menier@unodc.org Hakan.demirbuken@uno dc.org rashid.abedi@unodc.org Francesca.massanello@u nodc.org Ulrich.meiser@wcoomd. org Number of Countries and Organizations (incl. UNODC) represented: 35 27

ANNEX III: PARTICIPANTS FEEDBACK REPORT

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