Chpt 1: Foundations Authority Bureaucratic theory Democracy Direct democracy Initiative Legitimacy Marxist theory Nongovernmental elitist theory Pluralist theory Political elite Power Referendum Representative democracy Chpt. 11: Political Socialization Civic duty Culture war External efficacy Internal efficacy Political culture Political efficacy Political ideology Political subculture
Work ethic Chpt. 2: The Constitution Amendment process Antifederalists Bicameral Bill of Rights Checks and Balances Constitution Factions Federalism Federalist papers Federalists Great Compromise Judicial review Marbury v. Madison Natural rights New Jersey Plan Ratification Republic Separation of powers Shay s Rebellion Virginia Plan
Unalienable Unicameral Chpt. 3: Federalism Block Grants Categorical Grants Conditions of Aid Cooperative federalism Devolution Dual federalism Entitlement Spending Federalism Federal system Gibbons v. Ogden Grants in Aid Initiative Mandates McCulloch v. Maryland Nullification Referendum Revenue sharing Unfunded mandates Unitary system
Chpt. 11 Public Opinion Key terms to Know: Conservative Liberal Moderate Political cleavages Political elite Political ideology Political socialization Public opinion Chpt. 13 Voting & Elections Activist Conventional participation 15 th Amendment Grandfather clause Literacy test Motor-voter law 19 th Amendment Poll tax Registered voters 26 th Amendment Unconventional participation Voting Rights Act 1965
White primary Chpt. 12 Political Parties Key terms to Know: Divided Government Economic-Protest Party Factional party Ideological party Minor party Nominating convention One-issue party Plurality system Political machines Political party Realignment Solidarity party Split ticket Sponsored party Super-delegates Third party Two-party system Winner-take-all system Chpts. 13 &14 Elections and Campaigns Caucus
Federal Election Commission General election Gerrymandering Incumbency Independent expenditures Malapportionment 1974 Federal Campaign Reform Law Party coalitions Party realignment Political Action Committees Position issues Primary election Soft money Spots Valence issues Visuals Chpt. 7 Congress Bicameral Caucus Closed rule Cloture/cloture rule Committee system
Conference committee Congressional Budget Office Congressional Research Service Discharge petitions Division vote Double-tracking Filibuster Franking privileges General Accounting Office House Rules Committee Incumbency Standing committees Subcommittees Teller vote Joint committees Majority leader Minority leader Multiple referrals Open rule Pork Barrel Presidential veto President pro tempore
Quorum Restrictive rule Roll-call vote Rule 22 Safe district Select committees Seniority system 17 th Amendment Speaker of the House Term limits Voice vote whip Chpt. 16 Interest Groups Direct mail Environmental movement Feminist movement Grassroots lobbying Institutional interests Interests groups Lobbyist Membership interests Political action committees
Social movement unions Chpt. 15 The Media Adversarial press Attack journalism C-SPAN FCC Insider stories Investigative journalism Muckrackers Party press Press secretary Sensationalism Trial balloon Yellow journalism Chpt. 8 The Presidency Ad hoc structure Cabinet Circular structure Divided government Electoral college Executive privilege
Impeachment Impoundment of funds Independent agencies Pocket veto Presidential coattails Presidential succession Pyramid structure 25 th Amendment 22 nd Amendment Unified government Veto White House Office Chpt. 9 The Bureaucracy Civil service Competitive service Congressional oversight Discretionary authority Excepted service Iron triangle Issue networks Laissez-faire Merit system
National Performance Review Office of Personnel Management Patronage Pendleton Act Red tape Chpt. 10 The Judiciary Amicus curiae Briefs Class action suits Concurring opinion Courts of appeals Dissenting opinion Dred Scott v. Sandford In forma pauperis Judicial activism Judicial review litmus test Marbury v. Madison McCulloch v. Maryland Opinion of the Court Senatorial courtesy Solicitor general
Stare decisis Strict construction Writ of certiorari Chpt. 5 Civil Liberties Bill of Rights Civil liberties Clear-and-present danger doctrine Commercial speech Due-process clause Establishment clause Exclusionary rule Free-exercise clause Gitlow v. New York Incorporation doctrine Libel Mapp v. Ohio Miranda v. Arizona Patriot Act Obscenity Prior restraint Probable cause Search warrant
Slander Symbolic speech Chpt. 6 Civil Rights Affirmative action Brown v. BOE Civil rights Civil Rights Act 1964 Civil rights movement De facto segregation De jure segregation 14 th Amendment Freedom rights MLK, Jr. Montgomery bus boycott NAACP Nonviolent civil disobedience Plessy v. Ferguson Reasonableness standard Roe v. Wade Rosa Parks Separate-but-equal doctrine Sit-ins
Strict scrutiny standard Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg BOE Voting Rights Act 1965 Chpts. 17, 18, 19 Public Policy Appropriations bills Budget Budget resolution Client politics Congressional Budget Act of 1974 Costs and benefits Council of Economic Advisors Deficit Economic Planning Entitlements Entrepreneurial politics Federal Reserve Board Gramm-Rudman Act Inflation Income tax Interest group politics Keynesianism Majoritarian politics
Monetarism Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Pocket issues Policy entrepreneurs Political agenda Progressive tax structure Reaganomics Secretary of the Treasury 16 th Amendment Supply-side tax cut Surplus Tax cut Tax loopholes Tax Reform Act of 1986 Aid to Families with Dependent Children Bubble standards Chain of command Clean Air Act of 1970, 1990 Containment disengagement Endangered Species Act Environmental impact statements (EIC)
EPA Global warming imperial presidency Isolationism Joints Chiefs of Staff Means test Medicaid Medicare Medicare act of 1965 Military-industrial complex National Security Advisor National Security Council Offsets Pollution allowances Social security Social security act 1935 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) War Powers Act