Unit 5
Section 1
Washington decided to create cabinet Not in Constitution 3 Departments Treasury Alexander Hamilton State - Thomas Jefferson War Henry Knox John Adams was VP but not in cabinet
Spelled out the details of the Judicial System Constitution had left courts un-finished in Article III
Wanted to resolve debt issue 5 Parts 1. Protective tariff Tax in imports 2. Assume state debts 3. Assume confederations debts 4. Establish a national bank Hold money, loan money, issue money 5. Excise Tax Some states opposed (Virginia was given capital as compromise)
Excise Tax taxed Whiskey 1794 Western Pennsylvania farmers refused to pay tax Washington sent troops 15, 000 Orders: End Rebellion Accomplished Test of the Government Passed Unlike during Shay s Rebellion and A of C
Hamilton Jefferson Strong Small Government Central/Federal Government Pro-Business/Trade Did not trust government to the people Loose interpretation of Const. Federalist Power with states Pro-Agriculture Strict interpretation of Const. Let the people run government DemocraticRepublicans
Section 2
French Revolution Washington declared neutrality Dem-Rep were pro-french Feds pro England Citizen Genet French diplomat Recruited Americans (south) to fight Washington stopped him Genet was replaced
Great Britain interfering with fur trading in the NW Territory American shipping John Jay negotiated treaty with GB End interference with trading and shipping
Negotiated with Spain US Gained: All lands east of Mississippi other than Florida Access to Mississippi River
Little Turtle Formed confederation of Indian tribes Defeated US in Ohio Valley Supported by British in outposts Battle of Fallen Timbers Ended resistance in Ohio Valley Treaty of Greenville
Advice: Avoid Alliances Parties Sectionalism
Section 3
Federalist Adams - 71 votes Dem-Rep Jefferson 68 votes Runner-up became VP PROBLEM! different parties!
French angered over Jay s Treaty French thought it was a violation of earlier treaties Pinckney, Marshall, and Gerry sent to negotiate 3 low level French officials attempted to bribe them Nicknamed X,Y, and Z Quasi-War: Naval war with France Ended with Convention of 1800
Federalist Created Anti-French Pro-Federalist Alien Act Raised residency requirements Allowed for detention of aliens in time of war Allowed president to deport aliens Sedition Act Outlawed criticism of government and president Attempt to silence D-R
Written in opposition of the Alien and Sedition Acts Madison Virginia Jefferson Kentucky Attempted to declare un-fair laws null and void First attempt at nullification
Section 4
Federalist Adams 3rd Dem-Rep Aaron Burr 1st Dem Rep Jefferson 1st Jefferson and Burr tied House of Representatives Hamilton hated both More so Burr Swung election to Jefferson in House The Duel Burr shot Hamilton in a duel
President and Vice President would be elected on separate ballots or same ticket Fixed problem from Election of 1800
Jefferson sent delegates to France Ordered to purchase New Orleans Napoleon offered the entire territory for 15 million Constitutional or not Jefferson had to accept it
Explored from Missouri across Northern US to Pacific Helped by Sacagawea Zebulon Pike Explored across Southern US
Midnight Judges Marbury and 15 judges were appointed by Adams before leaving office Madison rejected their appointments upon become Sec. of State Case Established Judicial Review Did not give Federalist their positions Expanded power of federal government
Section 5
Tecumseh Organized Confederations British encouragement The Prophet (Tecumseh s Brother)led incomplete confederation into the Battle of Tippecanoe Lost to William Henry Harrison War Hawks Westerners and southerners who called for war British supplying Indians Land hungry!
British and French ships did not respect American shipping rights Captured American boats, cargo, and sailors
Jefferson responded to impressments with Embargo Act of 1807 Backfired! Hurt American shipping Turned New England against Jefferson Non-intercourse Act replaced Embargo Act Re-opened trade with all nations except France and GB Trade would be re-opened to all if resistance ended
Section 6
James Madison elected president Called for war soon after Mr. Madison s War US attempted three prong attack Land, Lakes, Sea Burned York which would later lead to burning of D.C. British navy was superior and blockaded entire coast French and Napoleon stopped fighting against British in Europe US was now alone British invaded and burnt down D.C.
British and US agreed to stop fighting in December of 1814 Ended war but did not settle disputes Trade was re-opened Rush-Bagot treaty limited war ships on Great Lakes Joint occupation of Oregon Territory Divided land on 49th Parallel
Battle of New Orleans News of treaty spread slowly British invaded New Orleans in January Defeated by Andrew Jackson