Basis for local development planning Author: Klemen Kotnik, B.Sc. Geography

DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY Basis for local development planning Author: Klemen Kotnik, B.Sc. Geography

Yesterday and today environmental, today and tomorrow demographic problems! Slovenia 1953 Slovenia 2010 Slovenia 2030-100000 -80000-60000 -40000-20000 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000-100000 -80000-60000 -40000-20000 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000-100000 -80000-60000 -40000-20000 0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 Old 65 years and more Young up to 20 years 2000 2010 increase 2000 2010 decrease SLOVENIA 381.464 456.275 + 20 % CM Celje 9.901 11.481 + 16 % SLOVENIA 456.145 393.342-14% CM Celje 10.535 8.702-17% Number of women in»most«fertility period (20-34 let), Slovenia CM Koper 9.904 12.091 + 22 % CM Koper 9.765 9.081-7 % 240000 CM Kranj 9.475 11.922 + 26 % CM Kranj 12.185 10.706-12 % 200000 CM Ljubljana 55.062 64.408 + 17 % CM Maribor 24.632 28.972 + 18 % CM Murska Sobota 3.404 4.813 + 41 % CM Nova Gorica 7.487 7.940 + 6 % CM Ljubljana 56.264 49.284-12% CM Maribor 22.164 17.456-21% CM Murska Sobota 4.400 3.340-24% CM Nova Gorica 7.222 5.745-20% 160000 120000 80000 CM Novo Mesto 6.854 7.392 + 8 % CM Novo Mesto 10.331 7.546-27 % 40000 CM Ptuj 4.215 5.638 + 34 % CM Slovenj Gradec 2.710 3.391 + 25 % CM Ptuj 5.418 4.304-21 % CM Slovenj Gradec 4.321 3.434-21 % 0 1991 1999 2010 ocena 2020 ocena 2030 CM Velenje 4.207 6.043 + 44 % CM Velenje 8.472 6.139-28 %

Yesterday and today environmental, today and tomorrow demographic problems! Demographic potential is a consequence to past demographic events. It is represented by an age-sex composition of the population. The consequences of reducing the number of births in the last twenty years, consequently reflect on the number of people under 20 years of age. In terms of the number of births a reduction of the number of women entering the fertile period is particulary alarming! Around 132,000 women live in Slovenia today aged 20 to 30 and "only" 95,000 girls up to 10 years of age. This is certainly not a positive basis for possible growth of the number of births in the future! The trend of increased number of births in the last few years will be rapidly reducted according to reducing number of women in fertile period. Even with the increased birth rate won t be possible to compensate less women in fertile period! Despite the relative stagnation of the number of population the relationship between age groups is collapsing. In the last ten years the number of young people (up to 20 years of age) decreased by 14% and the number of old (over 60 years of age) increased by 20%! The population of the age group 60 to 70 years is larger than the number of young people 0 to 10 years old!

Yesterday and today environmental, today and tomorrow demographic problems! Why demographic study? Socio-economic and especially demographic image is concerned. It is characterized by low birth rate, collapse of the "normal" relation between the individual age groups, migration, and consequently the specific educational and economic structure, t poor differentiation of working places, etc.. In the current situation all this indicators are rather interfering than accelerating development. The current state t of the environment, or activity it of locall communities, is therefore increasingly characterized by factors that have been in the past 20 years (to a large extent still are), from "engaging with or orientation in the environment," pushed into the background. Today and in future trend will only intensify, it has a significant impact on development of local communities. Without a clearly defined demographic policies, without a clearly defined demographic goals that would lead to economic, social and other goals, with no idea how to increase the accountability of the current population to future generations and social sustainability of the company viability, usefulness and ultimately the viability of the Strategic - Development Plans, whether they are as good, thoughtful, thorough and supported by various lobbies are questionable.

Yesterday and today environmental, today and tomorrow demographic problems! Basics of demographic study More and more urgent demographic problems in the municipality. The lack of studies on demographic changes and planning the current and future dynamics of demographic change. Low level of awareness of demographic changes and its consequences. Lack of awareness among planners about the importance of integrated development of demographic changes for such a development. Unsuitability or lack of concrete spatial and other strategies, programs, plans... that would be adjusted to demographic changes, even if such plans are often not appropriate - issues related to demographics are very complex, so the solutions are not simple and unambiguous.

Yesterday and today environmental, today and tomorrow demographic problems! Study objectives Review and analysis of demographic, socio-economic and settlement state of the municipality area and a complete analysis of the causes for the current situation - model approach. Preparation of projections and trends to 2030 Awareness (of different public groups) on demographic changes, their dynamics and consequences. Expected results Formulation of the strategy of future development in order to influence the change in values - preparing a set of recommendations for decision makers in the field of spatial planning. Preparation of basis for the spatial, economic, social and other plans or strategies. Opportunity to exchange experiences and knowledge about adjustments to the integrated planning processes to demographic change. Model of investment proposals for concrete steps in model areas.

DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY CITY MUNICIPALITY OF VELENJE Contents I. Brief overview of population development from the end of WW2 to 1991 II. Period 1991 2007, 2007 (compared to Slovenia and Slovene city-municipalities) 1. Demographic, socio-economic features of population population, population density, population by sex natality (birth rate), mortality (death rate), natural increase age structure educational attainment ethnic affiliation migration (internal, international) labour force, persons in employment, unemployed persons etc. 2. Settlement characteristics typology of settlements general characteristics of urbanisation land use etc. III. Trends and population projections, 2030

DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY CITY-MUNICIPALITY (CM) OF VELENJE Area of expertise CM of Velenje (settlements) Slovenia (city-municipalities) PODGORJE PLEŠIVEC ŠKALE PODKRAJ PRI VELENJU VELENJE KAVČE ŠKALSKE ŠMARTINSKE CIRKOVCE CIRKOVCE HRASTOVEC ŠENBRIC PAKA PRI VELENJU LAZE LOŽNICA ARNAČE PAŠKI KOZJAK LOPATNIK PRI VELENJU BEVČE LOPATNIK LIPJE JANŠKOVO PIREŠICA SELO VINSKA GORA PRELSKA CM NOVA GORICA CM KOPER CM KRANJ CM LJUBLJANA CM SLOVENJ GRADEC CM VELENJE CM CELJE CM NOVO MESTO CM MARIBOR CM PTUJ CM MURSKA SOBOTA SILOVA ČRNOVA

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Population (1961 2007) year 1961: 12.796; year 1991: 33.428; year 2000: 34.142; year 2007: 34.140; almost 80 % of population live in Velenje centre of CM of Velenje 1961-1991 1991-2007 Population number increase 50% in več 40-49% 30-39% 20-29% 10-19% 0-9% Population number decrease 0-9% 10-19% 20-29% 30-39% 40-49% 50% in več

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Natality (Birth rate) year 2007: 9,3 (316 live births; 158 men, 158 women) 7th place among city-municipalities; 0,4 below Slovene average 1991-2007: 8,3 9,7. The highest was in year 1995 (323 live births), the lowest in year 2000 (284 live births) total birth rate : 1,7 average age of women at childbirth (2007): 27,5 years average age of women at first childbirth (2007): 26 years number of live births / 1.000 women at age 15-49 (2007): 36,5 there are no major differences between Velenje an other settlements in CM of Velenje 2007: 9,3 2007: 9,7 9,3 93 9,3 10,5 9,7 7,5 9 8,7 9,1 12,2 10 9,6 9,9 11,2 Birth rate above 10 9,1-10 8,1-9 below 8

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Mortality (death rate) 2007: 6,2 (211 deaths; 113 men, 98 women) the lowest death rate among city-municipalities, 3 below Slovene average 1991 2007: 53 5,3 6,3 (160 215 deaths) main reason for relatively low death rate: specific development of this area after WW2 still relatively favourable age structure of population 2007: 9,2 10,6 8,4 89 8,9 6,2 9,6 8,1 9,2 8,6 8,5 9,2 8,3 Death rate above 10 9,1-10 8,1-9 7,1-8 below 7

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Natural increase 2007: 3,1 (105; 45 men and 60 women) the highest natural increase among city-municipalities, 2,5 above Slovene average 1991 2007: 22 2,2 47 4,7 relatively high rate of natural increase is more than consequence of high birth rate consequence of low death rate 2007: 0,6-3,1 0,4 04 0,4 3,1-0,6 2,3 0,5 1,4 0,3 1,5 2,8 Natural increase above 3 2,1-3 1,1-2 0,1-1 Natural decrease 0-1 1,1-2 2,1-3 above 3

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Age structure average age 2007: 39,4 years (37,7 years men and 41,1 years women) the lowest average age among city-municipalities, 2 years below Slovene average more and more unfavourable relation among age groups the largest age group is within 40 and 60 years age group 60 70 let is more numerous (3.029) than 0 10 year (3.012) group number of girls under age of 10: 1.433 (445 less than 10 years ago) age group (women 20 30 years): 2.631 AGE GROUPS Young 0-14 years 1991: 24,7% (8.257 p.) 1996: 19,2% (6.638 p.) Mature 15-64 years 1991: 70,3% (23.485 p.) 1996: 73,9% (25.536 p.) Old 65 years and more 1991: 5,0% (1.673 p.) 1996: 6,9% (2.358 p.) 2007: 13,2% (4.522 p.) 2007: 75,5% (25.755 p.) 2007: 11,3% (3.859 p.)

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Age structure comparison between year 1991, year 2002 and year 2007 85 in v eč 80 do 84 75 do 79 70 do 74 65 do 69 60 do 64 55 do 59 50 do 54 45 do 49 40 do 44 35 do 39 30 do 34 25 do 29 20 do 24 WOMEN 1991 2002 2007 4 or less 1.134134 714 739 5-9 1.434 737 694 10-14 1.533 1.098 750 15-19 1.276 1.319 937 20-24 24 1.220 1.424 1.308 25-29 1.551 1.216 1.323 30-34 1.767 1.121 1.206 35-39 1.687 1.477 1.011 40-44 1.250 1.642 1.381 45-49 905 1.577 1.530 50-54 804 1.171 1.495 55-59 719 856 1.148 60-64 582 744 808 MEN 1991 2002 2007 4 or less 1.114114 790 798 5-9 1.497 820 781 10-14 1.545 1.082 760 15-19 1.385 1.345 996 20-24 24 1.118 1.563 1.474 25-29 1.344 1.400 1.641 30-34 1.649 1.100 1.421 35-39 1.788 1.424 1.198 40-44 1.395 1.716 1.437 45-49 983 1.770 1.625 50-54 810 1.366 1.655 55-59 717 880 1.330 60-64 535 684 835 15 do 19 65-69 484 668 751 65-69 256 576 635 10 do 14 5 do 9 do 4-2000 -1750-1500 -1250-1000 -750-500 -250 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 M-1991 M-2002 M-2007 Ž-1991 Ž-2002 Ž-2007 70-74 233 488 633 75-79 182 365 425 80-84 119 174 285 85 more 64 81 163 together 16.944 16.872 16.587 70-74 151 374 505 75-79 103 175 291 80-84 57 75 120 85 more 24 34 51 together 16.471 17.174 17.553

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Migration total net migration 2007: 359 (10,5 ) between municipalities: - 278; from abroad: 637 total net migration 1995 2007: - 9,7 to 10,5 between municipalities: - 1,6 to - 8,9 from abroad: - 98 9,8 do 18,11 1995 2007 migration decrease was 1.745 p. (5% of CM of Velenje population) relatively the largest decrease among city-municipalities 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0-100 -200-300 -400 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 net migration between municipalities net migration from abroad total net migration

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Education the result of specific socio-economic development no education: 212 (0,7 %) above Slovene average (0,6 %) incomplete basic educational attainment: 1.259 (4,5 %) below Slovene average (6,2 %) basic educational attainment : 7.235 (25,6 %) below Slovene average (26 %) upper secondary educational attainment: 16.518 (58,5 %) above Slovene average (54 %) short term tertiary educational attainment: 1.310 (4,6 %) below Slovene average (5 %) higher undergraduate educational attainment: 1.553 (5,5 %) below Slovene average (6,9 %) higher post-graduate: 156 (0,55 %) below Slovene average (1 %) Labour migration number of daily migrants from CM of Velenje to other municipalities in year 2007: 4.002 (in year 2000: 2.500) labour migration in to 118 municipalities the most intense labour migration flows: Šaleška valley, Savinjska statistical region, Koroška statistical region, Ljubljana Number of daily migrants from CM of Velenje above 500 100-500 50-99 10-49 below 10

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Labour migration number of daily migrants from other municipalities to CM of Velenje 2007: 8.500 labour migration from 148 Slovene municipalities migrants occupy 40% working places the most intense labour migration flows: 80% from Savinjska statistical region 15% from Koroška statistical region above 800 400-799 5% from other municipalities 200-399 100-199 proportion of migrants from Velenje to other municipalities increases 50-99 much faster than proportion of daily migrants from opposite direction Educational migration number of daily educating people p (on different school levels) in CM of Velenje 2007: 7.000 pupils and students; 5.000 from CM of Velenje, 2.000 from 80 other municipalities (Šoštanj, Žalec, Mislinja, Slovenj Gradec, Celje ) daily educational migration from CM of Velenje to other municipalities (30): some Number of daily migrants in to CM of Velenje 1.800 pupils and students (especially students) (Celje, Maribor, Slovenj Gradec, Ljubljana) 10-49 below 10

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Labour force labour force 2002: 16.950 (50,8 %), above Slovene average and the highest percentage among city-municipalities labour force 1991-2002: 6 % growth (1.820 p.) Labour force above 50% Persons in employment persons in employment 2007 (working in CM of Velenje): 20.559; 2,2 % more than in year 2006 and 8 % more than in year 1999 persons in employment (living in CM of Velenje): 14.957; 4,5% more than in year 1991 Persons in number (share) of persons in employment compared to employment total population p of CM of Velenje is60%; one of the major above 92% 88,1-92% indicators of economic development of the area 46-50% 41-45% 36-40 30-35% 84,1-88% 80-84% below 80%

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Persons in paid employment number 2007: 19.612 1999-2007: 7,6% growth persons in paid employment by legal persons: 18.499 self-employed persons: 947 persons in paid employment by self-employed persons: 1.113 individual private entrepreneurs: 613 20000 19500 19000 18500 18000 17500 18210 18848 Persons in paid employment 18643 18601 18413 18519 19125 19208 19612 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Persons in paid employment by legal persons own accounts workers: 99 19000 primary sector: 1 % secondary sector: 58 % 18500 18057 18056 tertiary and quaternary sector: 41 % 18000 17500 17000 17050 17601 17286 17493 17256 17439 18499 16500 16000 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Some characteristics of demographic and socio-economic outlook of CM of Velenje Unemployment number of unemployed persons (2007): 1.344 (631 men, 713 women) unemployment rate: 6,8% (0,3% above Slovene average), 7. place among city-municipalities unemployment by educational attainment: I. and II. level: 33,4%; III. and IV. level: 24.8%; V. level: 31,3%; VI. level: 3,6%; VII. and VIII. level: 7%; compared to Slovenia there is more unemployed persons with III., IV., V. and VI. level of education and less of those with I., II. VII. and VIII. level of education 25 % of unemployed persons is under 25 years of age, 45 % under 30 years of age (2-2,5 x above Slovene average), over 50 years of age is 12 % below of Slovene average

Demographic potential of MC of Velenje Year number and predicted number and predicted number and predicted number and predicted number and predicted number of births number of women in fertile number of women number of women number of girls period (15-49 year) (10-19 year) (20-29 year) (0-9 let) 1991 346 9.656 2.809 2.771 2.568 1996 313 10.186 2.886 2.494 1.878 1997 325 10.081 2.833 2.485 1.740 1998 326 9.999 2.783 2.489 1.587 1999 303 10.049 2.772 2.543 1.543 2000 284 9.952952 2.668 2.537 1.484 2001 317 9.833 2.485 2.622 1.452 2002 323 9.743 2.338 2.664 1.441 2003 300 9.603 2.203 2.672 1.455 2004 324 9.515 2.052 2.730 1.467 2005 309 9.267 1.933 2.701 1.470 2006 321 9.059 1.856 2.674 1.461 2007 316 8.794 1.742 2.667 1.417 2012 334 7.898 1.442 2.242 1.510 2017 309 7.201 1.427 1.682 1.549 2022 278 6.918 1.504 1.438 1.481 2027 242 6.478 1.544 1.423 1.326 2032 263 5.929 1.481 1.501 1.235

Projections of population of CM of Velenje I. According to natural change of population I. Variant Starting point: population by sex 31.12.2007 Mortality: mortality coefficient (average 2004-07) permanent for entire period of projection; Natality: 1,278 (average 2004-2007) permanent for entire period of projection Net migration: 0; II. Variant Starting point: population by sex 31.12.2007 Mortality: mortality coefficient (average 2004-07) permanent for entire period of projection; Natality: 2007-2012: 1,278 (average 2004-2007); 2012-2017: 14; 1,4; 2017-2022: 2022: 15; 1,5; 2022-2027: 2027: 1,6; 2027-2032: 1,7; Net migration: 0; III. Variant Starting point: population by sex 31.12.2007 Mortality: mortality coefficient (average 2004-07) permanent for entire period of projection; Natality: 2007-2012: 1,4; 2012-2017: 1,6; 2017-2022: 1,7; 2022-2027: 20; 2,0; 2027-2032: 2032: 20; 2,0; Net migration: 0; Year population number (0-14 years) number (15-64 years) number (65 years and over) I. var II. var III. var I. var II. var III. var I. var II. var III. var I. var II. var III. var 2007 34.140 34.140 34.140 4.522 4.522 4.522 25.759 25.759 25.759 3.859 3.859 3.859 2012 34.669 34.669 34.989 4.599 4.599 4.899 25.319 25.319 25.319 4.771 4.771 4.771 2017 34.828 34.948 35.453 4603 4.723 5.228 24.092 24.092 24.092 6.133 6.133 6.133 2022 34.416 34.771 35.436 4.286 4.641 5.306 22.383 22.383 22.383 7.747 7.747 7.747 2027 33.519 34.129 35.132 3.718 4.328 5.032 20.794 20.794 21.093 9.007 9.007 9.007 2032 32.265 33.199 34.456 3.180 3.994 4.748 19.443 19.563 20.066 9.642 9.642 9.642

Projections of population of CM of Velenje II. According to natural and migrational change of population IV. Variant Starting point: population by sex 31.12.2007 Mortality: mortality coefficient (average 2004-07) permanent for entire period of projection; Natality: 1,278 (average 2004-2007) permanent for entire period of projection Net migration: 0; internal -200; abroad +200 VII. Variant Starting point: population by sex 31.12.2007 Mortality: mortality coefficient (average 2004-07) permanent for entire period of projection; Natality: 1,278 (average 2004-2007) permanent for entire period of projection Net migration: 200; internal -200; abroad +400 V. Variant Starting point: population by sex 31.12.2007 Mortality: mortality coefficient (average 2004-07) permanent for entire period of projection; Natality: 2007-2012: 1,278 (average 2004-2007); 2012-2017: 14; 1,4; 2017-2022: 2022: 15; 1,5; 2022-2027: 2027: 1,6; 2027-2032: 1,7; Net migration: 0; internal -200; abroad +200 VIII. Variant Starting point: population by sex 31.12.2007 Mortality: mortality coefficient (average 2004-07) permanent for entire period of projection; Natality: 2007-2012: 1,278 (average 2004-2007); 2012-2017: 1,4; 2017-2022: 1,5; 2022-2027: 1,6; 2027-2032: 1,7; Net migration: 200; internal -200; abroad +400 VI. Variant Starting point: population by sex 31.12.2007 Mortality: mortality coefficient (average 2004-07) permanent for entire period of projection; Natality: 2007-2012: 1,4; 2012-2017: 1,6; 2017-2022: 1,7; 2022-2027: 20; 2,0; 2027-2032: 2032: 20; 2,0; Net migration: 0; internal -200; abroad +200 IX. Variant Starting ti point: population by sex 31.12.2007 Mortality: mortality coefficient (average 2004-07) permanent for entire period of projection; Natality: 2007-2012: 1,4; ; 2012-2017: 1,6; 2017-2022: 1,7; 2022-2027: 2,0; 2027-2032: 2,0; Net migration: 200; internal -200; abroad +400

Projections of population of CM of Velenje II. According to natural and migrational change of population p Year IV. var population number (0-14 years) number (15-64 years) number (65 years and over) V. var VI. var IV. var V. var VI. var IV. var V. var VI. var IV. var V. var VI. var 2007 34.140 34.140 34.140 4.522 4.522 4.522 25.759 25.759 25.759 3.859 3.859 3.859 2012 34.665 34.665 34.815 4.527 4.527 4.677 25.423 25.423 25.423 4.715 4.715 4.715 2017 34.750 34.884 35.243 4.454 4.588 4.947 24.304 24.304 24.304 5.992 5.992 5.992 2022 34.396 34.752 35.265 4.078 4.434 4.947 22.724 22.724 22.724 7.594 7.594 7.594 2027 33.412 34.011 34.825 3.469 4.062 4.725 21.209 21.209 21.360 8.734 8.734 8.734 2032 32.085 32.965 34.003 2.913 3.654 4.338 19.857 19.996 20.349 9.315 9.315 9.315 Year Leto Število population prebivalcev share Deleži (0-14 (0-14 years) let) share Deleži (15-64 (15-64 years) let) share Deleži (65 years (65 let and in over) več) IV. var V. var VI. var IV. var V. var VI. var IV. var V. var VI. var IV. var V. var VI. var 2007 34.140 34.140 34.140 13,2% 13,2% 13,2% 75,5% 75,5% 75,5% 11,3% 11,3% 11,3% 2012 34.665 34.665 34.815 13,1% 13,1% 13,4% 73,3% 73,3% 73,1% 13,6% 13,6% 13,5% 2017 34.750 34.884 35.243 12,8% 13,2% 14% 70% 69,6% 69% 17,2% 17,2% 17% 2022 34.396 34.752 35.265 11,9% 12,8% 14% 66% 65,3% 64,5% 22,1% 21,9% 21,5% 2027 33.412 34.011 34.825 10,5% 11,9% 13,6% 63,5% 62,4% 61,3% 26% 25,7% 25,1% 2032 32.085 32.965 34.003 91% 9,1% 11,1% 1% 12,8% 61,9% 60,6% 6% 59,8% 29% 28,3% 27,4%

Projections of population of CM of Velenje II. According to natural and migrational change of population Year VII. var population number (0-14 years) number (15-64 years) number (65 years and over) VIII. var IX. var VII. var VIII. var IX. var VII. var VIII. var IX. var VII. var VIII. var IX. var 2007 34.140 34.140 34.140 4.522 4.522 4.522 25.759 25.759 25.759 3.859 3.859 3.859 2012 35.734 35.734 35.894 4.658 4.658 4.818 26.250 26.250 26.250 4.826 4.826 4.826 2017 36.703 36.848 37.218 4.644 4.789 5.159 25.979 25.979 25.979 6.080 6.080 6.080 2022 37.125 37.505 38.045 4.249 4.629 5.169 25.313 25.313 25.313 7.563 7.563 7.563 2027 37.079 37.709 38.577 3.684 4.314 5.024 24.582 24.582 24.740 8.813 8.813 8.813 2032 36.563 37.503 38.616 3.184 3.979 4.724 23.838 23.983 24.351 9.541 9.541 9.541 Year VII. var population share (0-14 -years) share Deleži (15-64 64 years) let) share Deleži (65 (65 years let and in več) over) VIII. var IX. var VII. var VIII. var IX. var VII. var VIII. var IX. var VII. var VIII. var IX. var 2007 34.140 34.140 34.140 13,2% 13,2% 13,2% 75,5% 75,5% 75,5% 11,3% 11,3% 11,3% 2012 35.734 35.734 35.894 13% 13% 13,4% 73,5% 73,5% 73,1% 13,5% 13,5% 13,5% 2017 36.703 36.848 37.218 12,7% 13% 13,9% 70,8% 70,5% 69,8% 16,5% 16,5% 16,3% 2022 37.125 37.505 38.045 11,4% 12,3% 13,6% 68,2% 67,5% 66,5% 20,4% 20,2% 19,9% 2027 37.079 37.709 38.577 9,9% 11,4% 13% 66,3% 65,2% 64,1% 23,8% 23,4% 22,9% 2032 36.563 37.503 38.616 8,7% 10,6% 12,2% 65,2% 63,9% 63,1% 26,1% 25,5% 24,7%