Welcome to Class! February 8, 2018 On this day in history 1887, President Cleveland signs the Dawes Act Bell-Ringer #7 Title: Immigration Pick up the worksheet from the table. Fold it to make a booklet (picture of immigrants should be on front cover). Read the poem and answer the questions that follow use a sheet of notebook paper.
Bellringer: ACT Word of the Day is below. Create the chart we have been using and come up with a definition and 2 synonyms Circumstances
Essential Question Why did nativism develop during the late 1800s to early 1900s? -fear of losing jobs -culture and religious differences Vocabulary Ellis Island nativism Chinese Exclusion Act
Definition: The conditions and factors that are part of determining a result or that are part of a situation or events Get the correct definition written down Now Draw your picture and come up with 2 sentences using the words.
15 civics (history and government) questions and answers for the naturalization test are listed below. The civics test is an oral test and the USCIS Officer will ask the applicant up to 10 of the 100 civics questions. An applicant must answer 6 out of 10 questions correctly to pass the civics portion of the naturalization test. 1. What is the supreme law of the land? 2. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? 3. What is an amendment? 4. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? 5. How many amendments does the Constitution have? 6. What is the economic system in the United States? 7. What is the rule of law? 8. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful? 9. We elect Senators for how many years? 10. If both the President and Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President? 11. What are two cabinet level positions? 12. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now? 13. There were 13 original colonies. Name three. 14. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers. 15. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s. https://www.uscis.gov/citizenship/learners/apply-citizenship
"Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door! This is from the poem, The New Colossus by Emma Lazarus and is inscribed on the Statue of Liberty.
The New Immigrants
Through the Golden Door - some immigrants wanted to escape famine, land shortages, or religious or political persecution -some, known as birds of passage, wanted to immigrate temporarily to earn money, and then return to their homelands -European immigrants -Old immigration, prior to 1890, from western and northern Europe -new immigration, after 1890, from Italy, Austria-Hungary, and Russia -arrived at Ellis Island in New York City
Through the Golden Door Continued -Chinese immigrants -1851 1883, about 300,000 Chinese arrived, many because of the gold rush -worked on the transcontinental railroad -after railroad completion, many turned to farming, mining, & domestic service -arrived at Angel Island in San Francisco
Through the Golden Door Continued -Japanese immigrants -with the U.S. annexation of Hawaii in 1898, Japanese immigration increased -by 1920, more than 200,000 Japanese lived on the West Coast -arrived at Angel Island, San Francisco -The West Indies and Mexico -settled in eastern & southeastern U.S. -from Jamaica, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and other islands -came to the U.S. to find jobs -Mexican immigrants came to find work and flee political turmoil
Traveling in Europe was often difficult. People sometimes had to walk far distances, carrying their possessions with them. PHOTO: THE STATUE OF LIBERTY-ELLIS ISLAND FOUNDATION, INC./NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
New Life: The Process of a European Immigrant
Ships were crowded with thousands of passengers. PHOTO: THE STATUE OF LIBERTY-ELLIS ISLAND FOUNDATION, INC./NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
Children wave the flag of their new country. PHOTO: THE STATUE OF LIBERTY-ELLIS ISLAND FOUNDATION, INC./NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
1. ARRIVAL at Ellis Island, NYC Harbor: Immigration Processing Center Opened in 1892 http://www.history.com/topics/tenements/videos/u-s-immigration-before-1965?m=528e394da93ae&s =undefined&f=1&free=false -New arrivals were taken by ferry to the main building at Ellis Island. Opened in 1892, the first immigrant to arrive was a 15-year-old girl from Ireland named Annie Moore to join her parents in New York City. http://www.history.com/topics/tenements/videos/detained-at-ellis-island
2. Baggage Immigrants entered the main building through its ground floor baggage room. They left their trunks, suitcases and baskets here until they were finished. Immigrants with only a few belongings carried their things as they climbed the stairs to the Great Hall for medical and legal examinations.
3. Six Second Medical Exam -The first test the immigrants had to pass became known as the "six second medical exam." As the immigrants climbed the stairs to the Great Hall, doctors stood at the top and watched. They were looking for anyone having difficulty coming up the steps. If a medical problem or disability was suspected, one of seventeen different chalk marks was put on the person's clothing. They were then sent for a full physical examination. If they weren't marked, they went on to wait in the Great Hall.
4. Medical Exam -By 1917, complete medical exams were required for every immigrant. The main purpose of these exams was to find persons with contagious diseases or conditions that would make them unable to work. If their problem was curable, immigrants were sent to the island's hospital. If it was not, the steamship company that brought them would have to pay to send them back.
5. The Great Hall -The Great Hall was the large waiting room of Ellis Island. Immigrants waited here for their interviews with legal inspectors after finishing their medical exams. At best, the entire process through Ellis Island took three to five hours. But sometimes problems came up, like family members waiting for a relative to be treated in the hospital ward. Some families stayed for days on Ellis Island, others for weeks, and still others for months.
6. Legal Inspection -After passing the medical exams, immigrants had to prove they could legally come into America. They had to prove their country of origin and where they expected to live and work once they entered the country. Inspectors rejected any immigrant with a criminal record or those suspected of being indentured servants. By 1921, immigrants had to pass a literacy test and show a passport and visa. http://www.history.com/topics/tenements/videos/hurdlesto-citizenship-on-ellis-island
7. Money Exchange -In the money exchange area immigrants exchanged the money of their homeland for dollars, and purchased any train tickets they needed. Laws passed in 1909 required each immigrant to have at least 20 dollars before they were allowed to enter America.
8. Exit at the Kissing Post -Just beyond the money exchange was the exit from Ellis Island. Staff members referred to this spot as the kissing post because of all the emotional reunions that were witnessed there. Two thirds of the new Americans then boarded a ferry to New Jersey, where the next leg of their American journey would begin. The remaining third took the ferryboat to Manhattan to begin their new life in New York City, only one mile away.
Immigration Restrictions -melting pot -a mixture of people of different cultures and races who blended together by abandoning their native languages and customs -nativism began to grow -favoritism toward native-born Americans -gave rise to anti-immigrant groups & a demand for restrictions -nativists believed the AngloSaxons were superior to other ethnic groups -sometimes objected to religious beliefs of immigrants, such as Roman Catholicism and Judaism
Immigration Restrictions Continued -anti-asian sentiment -native-born citizens feared jobs would go to Chinese immigrants (lower pay) -Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882 -banned entry to all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials -law extended for 10 years in 1892-1902, law was restricted indefinitely; not repealed until 1943
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. About how many undocumented immigrants are currently living in the U.S.? Name one reason many Americans disagree with Trump s proposals regarding immigration. What grievance was mentioned in the Declaration of Independence in regards to immigration? What was Congress s first attempt to regulate immigration along racial lines? What did former President Obama do to address immigration in 2012? How did Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump differ in their immigration policies? Timeline: The 1921 quota placed by Congress favored immigrants from which regions? Timeline: How did President George W. Bush and Congress tighten immigration in 2001?
Essential Question Why did nativism develop during the late 1800s to early 1900s? Vocabulary Ellis Island Nativism Chinese Exclusion Act
Reminders Quiz tomorrow (Industry, Big Business, Workers Unite, and Immigration) Test Thursday (Whole Study Guide)