Name of legal analyst: Luminita Dima Date Table completed: October 2008

Name of legal analyst: Luminita Dima Date Table completed: October 2008 Contact details: Luminitzadima@yahoo.com COUNTR ROMANIA Short introduction on transposition context Within the context of transposing the European legislation in the area of freedom of movement for persons in the European Union and their right of residence, the Parliament of Romania adopted the Law no. 309/2004 on the free movement of citizens of the Member States of the European Union and the European Economic Area on the Romanian territory. This law was aimed at being applicable starting from the date of Romania s accession to the European Union. Starting from the same date the Governmental Emergency Ordinance no. 194/2002 on the legal status of foreign citizens in Romania was intended to cease its applicability to the citizens of the Member States of the European Union and the European Economic Area and their family members. Having into consideration the changes in the European legislation and the necessity to establish the legal framework for the freedom of movement of the citizens of the European Union Member States, by means of reducing the administrative formalities as a measure representing a main purpose in implementing Schengen Plan, as well as by taking into account that the failure of implementing the Schengen Plan might have determined the postponement of Romania s accession to the European Union, on 14.7.2005 the Governmental Emergency Ordinance no. 102/2005 on the free movement of citizens of the Member States of the European Union and the European Economic Area on the Romanian territory was adopted, transposing the Council to move and reside freely within the territory of the Member States. The Governmental Emergency Ordinance no. 102/2005 repealed the former Law no. 309/2004 and entered into force on the date of Romania s accession to the European Union. Until the date of coming into force, the Governmental Emergency Ordinance no. 102/2005 has been several times amended. List of transposing legislation (including legal reference and abbreviations used in TOC) : Governmental Emergency Ordinance no. 102/2005 on the free movement of citizens of the Member States of the European Union and the European Economic Area on the Romanian territory (Official Journal of Romania no. 646/21.07.2005), amended by Law no. 260/2005 (Official Journal of Romania no. 900/07.10.2005) and by Governmental Ordinance no. 30/2006 (Official Journal no. 636/24.07.2006), as it has been modified and approved by Law no. 500/2006 (Official Journal of Romania no. 1055/30.12.2006); Abbreviation : Governmental Decision no. 1864/2006 approving the Methodological Norms implementing the Governmental Emergency Ordinance no. 102/2005 on the free movement of citizens of the Member States of the European Union and the European Economic Area on the Romanian territory and establishing the form and content of the documents to be issued to the European Citizens and their family members. Governmental Emergency Ordinance no. 97/2005 on the registration, domicile, residence and identity documents of Romanian citizens (Official Journal of Romania no. 641/20.07.2005), amended by Law no. 290/2005 (Official Journal of Romania no. 959/28.10.2005), Governmental Ordinance no. 83/2006 (Official Journal no. 897/30.11.2006), Law no. 53/2007 (Official Journal of Romania no. 192/20.03.2007), Law no. 241/2007 (Official Journal of Romania no. 496/24.07.2007), Law no. 252/2007 (Official Journal of Romania no. 506/27.07.2007); Abbreviation : GEO no. 97/2005 Law no. 248/2005 on free movement of the Romanian citizens abroad (Official Journal of Romania no. 682/29.07.2005), amended and suppleented by 6 subsequent laws, Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 1/67

governmental emergency ordinances and ordinances; Abbreviation: Law no. 248/2005 Law no. 21/1991 on the Romanian citizenship (republished in the Official Journal of Romania no. 98/06.03.2000), amended and suppleented by 5 subsequent laws, governmental emergency ordinances and ordinances; Abbreviation: Law no. 21/1991 Law no. 53/2003 the Labour Code (Official Journal of Romania no. 72/05.02.2003), amended and suppleented by 8 subsequent laws and governmental emergency ordinances; Abbreviation: LC Other abbreviations CPC: Civil Procedure Code EU: European Union Analysed legislation in conformity? (click as appropriate) ES NO or/and Stricter Incomplete or/and Incorrect G I Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 2/67

Chapter I Art. 2.1 Art. 2.2 (a) Art. 2.2 (b) Art. 2.2 (c) GENERAL PROVISIONS Dispoziţii generale Definitions For the purposes of this Directive: 1) "Union citizen" means any person having the ity of a Member State; 2) "Family member" means: (a) the spouse; (b) the partner with whom the Union citizen has contracted a registered partnership, on the basis of the legislation of a Member State, if the legislation of the host Member State treats registered partnerships as equivalent to marriage and in accordance with the conditions laid down in the relevant legislation of the host Member State; (c) the direct descendants who are under the age of 21 or are dependants and those of the spouse or partner as defined in Art. 2 (1) indent 1 Art. 2 (1) indent 3 (a) Art. 2 (1) indent 7 Art. 2 (1) indent 3 (b) Art. 2. - (1) În aplicarea prevederilor prezentei ordonanţe de urgenţă, termenii şi expresiile de mai jos au următorul înţeles: 1. cetăţean al Uniunii Europene - orice persoană care are cetăţenia unuia dintre statele membre ale Uniunii Europene; 2. stat membru - stat membru al Uniunii Europene; 3. membru de familie: a) soţul sau soţia; 7. partener - persoana care convieţuieşte cu cetăţeanul Uniunii Europene, dacă parteneriatul este înregistrat conform legii din statul membru de origine ori de provenienţă sau, în cazul în care parteneriatul nu este înregistrat, relaţia de convieţuire poate fi dovedită. b) descendenţii în linie directă, indiferent de cetăţenie, care nu au împlinit vârsta de Art. 2. - (1) For the implementation of the s of the present emergency ordinance, the hereinafter mentioned terms and expressions shall have the following meaning: 1. European Union citizen - any person having the citizenship of one of the Member States of the European Union 2. Member State member state of the European Union; 3. Family member: a) the spouse; 7. partner the person who lives together with the European Union citizen if the partnership is registered in accordance with the conditions laid down in the relevant legislation of the country from which they have come or in case the partnership is not registered the living together relationship can be duly attested. b) direct descendents, irrespective of their ity, who are under the age of 21 or those who are in the Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 3/67 n/a Literal transposition. Not transposed. According to the Romanian law, the partner is not a family member (as he is not included in the list of family members). The Romanian legislation does not regulate the registered partnership and, consequently, does not treat registered partnership as equivalent to marriage. However, partners are still covered by article 3(2)(b) below, which means that their entry and residence should be facilitated, since they are assimilated to the family members (i.e. benefit of the rights granted to the family members of the Union European citizen regarding the entry and residence in/on the Romanian territory). Although the Romanian text

Art. 2.2 (d) point (b); (d) the dependent direct relatives in the ascending line and those of the spouse or partner as defined in point (b); Art. 2 (1) indent 3 (c) 21 de ani sau care se află în întreţinerea cetăţeanului Uniunii Europene, precum şi cei ai soţului/soţiei; c) ascendenţii în linie directă, indiferent de cetăţenie, care se află în întreţinerea cetăţeanului Uniunii Europene, precum şi cei ai soţului/soţiei; European Union citizen s care or those of the spouse; c) direct ascendants, irrespective of their ity, who are in the European Union citizen s care, and those of the spouse. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 4/67 transposing Article 2.2. (c) of the Directive expressly mentions direct descendents, irrespective of their ity, this does not represent an inconsistency since the of the Directive does not make any distinction upon ity of the direct descendants. As well, although the Romanian text does not make any reference to the partner this does not represent a failure in transposition since the partner is not a family member under the Romanian legislation (see comments at Article 2.2. (b) above). According to the legislation in force and case law of Romanian courts, being in someone s care ( în întreţinere ) dependant is a concept consistent with the interpretation given by the ECJ in cases Lebon and Jia. However, the interpretation of this concept by the authorities in implementing the legislation on free movement of citizens of the Member States of the European Union and the European Economic Area on the Romanian territory should also be checked. Although the Romanian text transposing Article 2.2. (d) of the Directive expressly mentions direct ascendants, irrespective of their ity, this does not represent an inconsistency since the of the Directive does not make any distinction upon ity of the direct descendants. As well, although the Romanian text does not make any reference to the partner this does not

Art. 2.3 Art. 3.1 3) "Host Member State" means the Member State to which a Union citizen moves in order to exercise his/her right of free movement and residence. Beneficiaries This Directive shall apply to all Union citizens who move to or reside in a Member State other than that of which they are a, and to their family members as defined in point 2 of Article 2 who accompany or join them. Art. 1 Art. 1 Art. 1. - Prezenta ordonanţă de urgenţă stabileşte condiţiile în care cetăţenii Uniunii Europene şi ai statelor membre ale Spaţiului Economic European şi membrii acestora de familie îşi pot exercita dreptul la liberă circulaţie, de rezidenţă şi de rezidenţă permanentă pe teritoriul României ( ) Art. 1. - Prezenta ordonanţă de urgenţă stabileşte condiţiile în care cetăţenii Uniunii Europene şi ai statelor membre ale Spaţiului Economic European şi membrii acestora de familie îşi pot exercita dreptul la liberă circulaţie, de rezidenţă şi de rezidenţă permanentă pe teritoriul României, precum şi Art. 1. - The present emergency ordinance lays down the conditions for governing the exercise of the right of free movement, residence and permanent residence within the Romanian territory by the citizens of Member States of European Union or European Economic Area and their family members ( ) Art. 1. - The present emergency ordinance lays down the conditions for governing the exercise of the right of free movement, residence and permanent residence within the Romanian territory by the citizens of Member States of European Union or European Economic Area and their family members and the limits placed on these rights on grounds of public order, security or Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 5/67 represent a failure in transposition since the partner is nor a family member under the Romanian legislation (see comments at Article 2.2. (b) above). According to the legislation in force and case law of Romanian courts, being in someone s care ( în întreţinere ) dependant is a concept consistent with the interpretation given by the ECJ in cases Lebon and Jia. However, the interpretation of this concept by the authorities in implementing the legislation on free movement of citizens of the Member States of the European Union and the European Economic Area on the Romanian territory should also be checked. According to article 1 of the Romanian law it results that with respect to the application of this law the host member state is Romania. The Romanian ensures the applicability of the s of the emergency ordinance also in respect of the citizens of Member States of European Economic Area. Although, the Romanian s do not make reference to the family members of the European Union citizens who accompany or join

Art. 3.2 (a) Without prejudice to any right to free movement and residence the persons concerned may have in their own right, the host Member State shall, in accordance with its legislation, facilitate entry and residence for the following persons: (a) any other family members, irrespective of their ity, not falling under the definition in point 2 of Article 2 who, in the country from which they have come, are dependants or members of the household of the Union citizen having the primary right of residence, or where serious health grounds strictly require the personal care of the family member by the Union citizen; Art. 3 (2), Art. 2 (1) indent 6 limitele exercitării acestor drepturi din motive de ordine publică, securitate naţională sau sănătate publică. Art. 3. - (2) Persoanele aflate în întreţinere, precum şi partenerul beneficiază de drepturile membrilor de familie ai cetăţeanului Uniunii Europene privind intrarea şi rezidenţa pe teritoriul României, în condiţiile stabilite de prezenta ordonanţă de urgenţă. 6. persoană aflată în întreţinere - orice alt membru de familie, indiferent de cetăţenie, care nu se încadrează în definiţia prevăzută la pct. 3 şi care, în ţara de origine ori de provenienţă, se află în întreţinerea sau gospodăreşte împreună cu cetăţeanul Uniunii Europene ori se află în situaţia în care, din motive medicale grave, este necesară asistenţa personală a acestuia; public health. Art. 3. - (2) The dependants, as well as the partner, benefit of the rights granted to the family members of the Union European citizen regarding the entry and residence in/on the Romanian territory under the conditions stipulated by the present emergency ordinance. 6. Dependent any other family member, irrespective of ity, who is not covered by the definition provided at point 3 and who, in the country from which they have come, is in the care, is a member of the household of the European Union citizen or, due to serious health grounds, require personal care by the Union citizen. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 6/67 them, such requirement is ensured by the texts transposing the Directive s s on right of residence. Thus, the family members are granted the right of residence under the condition of accompanying or joining the EU citizen see below s of Articles 12 (2) and 13 (1¹) of the Romanian law. The right to enter and exit from Romania of family members of the EU ctizen is not conditioned by accompanying or joining the EU citizen, in accordance with the related s of the Directive. Although the Romanian text transposing Article 3.2. (a) of the Directive does not expressly mention Without prejudice to any right to free movement and residence the persons concerned may have in their own right, it does not exclude the dependants and the partner, as defined, from benefiting from their own rights. Consequently, if they have their own right to free movement and residence they could exercise such rights. On the other side, the dependants are assimilated to the family members since they benefit of the rights granted to the family members of the Union European citizen regarding the entry and residence in/on the Romanian territory. It results that they benefit of such rights under the same conditions as the family members, unless otherwise expressly provided by the law (e.g.

Art. 3.2 (b) (b) the partner with whom the Union citizen has a durable relationship, duly attested. The host Member State shall undertake an extensive examination of the personal circumstances and shall justify any denial of entry or residence to these people. Art. 2 (1) indent 7 7. partener - persoana care convieţuieşte cu cetăţeanul Uniunii Europene, dacă parteneriatul este înregistrat conform legii din statul membru de origine ori de provenienţă sau, în cazul în care parteneriatul nu este înregistrat, relaţia de convieţuire poate fi dovedită. 7. Partner the person who lives together with the European Union citizen if the partnership is registered in accordance with the conditions laid down in the relevant legislation of the country from which they have come or in case the partnership is not registered the living together relationship can be duly attested. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 7/67 see below art 13 (7) of the Romanian law transposing art. 7.4 of the Directive). Although the Romanian text transposing Article 3.2. (b) of the Directive does not mention the durable character of the relationship of the Union citizen with the partner. However, it is obvious, by taking into account the Romanian customs, that if the two persons are living together, such relationship should be considered as a durable relationship. As the Romanian text does not make any distinction upon the sex of the partner, it results that the s also refers to the same-sex relationships. With respect to the modality of facilitating the entry and residence see comments at Article 3.2. (a) above. Effective transposition The provides only for the obligation of the authorities to justfy any denial of entry or residence in some cases denial of entry to EU citizens and their family members Art. 6 (3), denial of residence of family members who are not EU citizens Art. 19 (7). So it does not provide for the requirement to undertake an extensive examination. However, since a partner in a durable relationship is treated as a core family member under Article 3 (2), they enjoy the direct right of free

movement. Consequently, there is no need for the extensive examination to be transposed. Chapter II Art. 4.1 RIGHT OF EXIT AND ENTR Right of Exit Without prejudice to the s on travel documents applicable to border controls, all Union citizens with a valid identity card or passport and their family members who are not s of a Member State and who hold a valid passport shall have the right to leave the territory of a Member State to travel to another Member State. Art. 7, Art. 5 Ieşirea de pe teritoriul României a cetăţenilor Uniunii Europene, precum şi a membrilor familiilor lor Art. 7. - Cetăţenii Uniunii Europene, precum şi membrii familiilor lor pot părăsi teritoriul României pe baza prezentării documentelor şi cu aplicarea corespunzătoare a prevederilor privind aplicarea ştampilei de către organele poliţiei de frontieră, prevăzute la art. 5 Exit from the Romanian territory of the European Union citizens, as well as their family members Art. 7. - The European Union citizens, as well as their family members may leave the Romanian territory on the basis of presenting the documents and complying with the s as regards placing the stamp by the border police, stipulated at art. 5. Please note however, that although, the Methodological Norms approved by GD 1864/2006 adopted for the implementation of the GEO 102/2005 refer to the extensive examination of the situation of the person such does not refer to the denial of entry or residence, but only to the decision of expulsion of the respective person when he/she is not in one of the situations entitling him/her to the right of residence. The measure of expulsion is taken according to the GEO 102/2005 in case the respective person committed a crime. Therefore, no other cases of denial of entry or residence are covered by such extensive examination requirement. This might create difficulties in practice. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 8/67 Fully transposed, by taking into account the s of Article 5 of the Romanian law (analised below). The documents refered to are passport and ID card. The requirement of presenting a passport also applies to family members.

Art. 5. - (1) Intrarea cetăţenilor Uniunii Europene pe teritoriul României este permisă prin toate punctele de trecere a frontierei de stat deschise traficului de persoane, cu condiţia prezentării documentului naţional de identitate, a paşaportului sau a unui document eliberat în condiţiile prezentei ordonanţe de urgenţă pentru cetăţenii Uniunii Europene, valabil, fără a se aplica ştampila de intrare de către organele poliţiei de frontieră în oricare dintre aceste documente. (2) Membrii de familie care nu sunt cetăţeni ai Uniunii Europene pot intra pe teritoriul României în baza unui paşaport valabil şi a vizei de intrare, cu excepţia cazurilor în care obligativitatea obţinerii vizei este desfiinţată în condiţiile legii. (3) Misiunile diplomatice şi oficiile consulare ale României acordă persoanelor prevăzute la alin. (2) viza de intrare pe teritoriul României. Condiţiile pentru eliberarea vizei se stabilesc prin norme metodologice. (4) Membrul de familie care nu este cetăţean al Uniunii Europene, dar care este în posesia unui document valabil, care atestă rezidenţa pe teritoriul unui alt stat membru în calitate de membru de Art. 5. - (1) The entry of European Union citizens on Romanian territory is allowed through all the border crossing points opened for inter traffic for persons, under the condition of presenting the identity document, the passport or other valid document issued to the European Union citizens according to the present emergency ordinance, without placing the entry stamp by the Border Police on any of such documents. (2) The family members who are not citizens of the European Union may enter the Romanian territory on the basis of a valid passport and an entry visa, except those cases where the requirement to obtain an entry visa has been abolished under the conditions of the law. (3) The Romanian diplomatic missions and the consular offices shall grant the entry visa on Romanian territory to the persons stipulated under the paragraph (2). The conditions for granting the visa are laid down by methodological norms. (4) The family members who are not citizens of the European Union but are holding a valid document attesting the residence on other Member State s territory as a family member of a European Union citizen shall be exempted from the requirement to obtain an entry visa. The border police authorities shall not apply an entry or exit stamp in the passports of these persons. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 9/67

Art. 4.2 No exit visa or equivalent formality may be imposed on the persons to whom paragraph 1 applies. Art. 7, Art. 5 familie al unui cetăţean al Uniunii Europene, este scutit de la obligativitatea obţinerii unei vize. Organele poliţiei de frontieră nu aplică ştampila de intrare sau de ieşire în paşaportul persoanelor din această categorie. Art. 7. - Cetăţenii Uniunii Europene, precum şi membrii familiilor lor pot părăsi teritoriul României pe baza prezentării documentelor şi cu aplicarea corespunzătoare a prevederilor privind aplicarea ştampilei de către organele poliţiei de frontieră, prevăzute la art. 5. Art. 5. - (1) Intrarea cetăţenilor Uniunii Europene pe teritoriul României este permisă prin toate punctele de trecere a frontierei de stat deschise traficului de persoane, cu condiţia prezentării documentului naţional de identitate, a paşaportului sau a unui document eliberat în condiţiile prezentei ordonanţe de urgenţă pentru cetăţenii Uniunii Europene, valabil, fără a se aplica ştampila de intrare de către organele poliţiei de frontieră în oricare dintre aceste documente. (2) Membrii de familie care nu sunt cetăţeni ai Uniunii Europene pot intra pe teritoriul României în baza unui paşaport valabil şi a vizei de Art. 7. - The European Union citizens, as well as their family members may leave the Romanian territory on the basis of presenting the documents and complying with the s as regards placing the stamp by the border police, stipulated at art. 5. Art. 5. - (1) The entry of European Union citizens on Romanian territory is allowed through all the border crossing points opened for inter traffic for persons, under the condition of presenting the identity document, the passport or other valid document issued to the European Union citizens according to the present emergency ordinance, without placing the entry stamp by the Border Police on any of such documents. (2) The family members who are not citizens of the European Union may enter the Romanian territory on the basis of a valid passport and an entry visa, except those cases where the requirement to obtain an entry visa has been abolished under the conditions of the law. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 10/67 Effective transposition For the EU citizens only the documents provided by article 5 of the Romanian law are required (valid ID or passport) A contrario, no exit visa is required. In case of family members who are not EU citizens no exit visa is required. The s of the Romanian law transposing article 5.2. of the Directive require entry visa except for those family members holding a valid document attesting the residence on other Member State s territory as a family member of a European Union citizen.

Art. 4.3 Member States shall, acting in accordance with their laws, issue to their own s, and renew, an identity card or passport stating their ity. GEO no. 97/2005 Art. 11 (1) Law no. 248/2005 Art. 15 (1) intrare, cu excepţia cazurilor în care obligativitatea obţinerii vizei este desfiinţată în condiţiile legii. (3) Misiunile diplomatice şi oficiile consulare ale României acordă persoanelor prevăzute la alin. (2) viza de intrare pe teritoriul României. Condiţiile pentru eliberarea vizei se stabilesc prin norme metodologice. (4) Membrul de familie care nu este cetăţean al Uniunii Europene, dar care este în posesia unui document valabil, care atestă rezidenţa pe teritoriul unui alt stat membru în calitate de membru de familie al unui cetăţean al Uniunii Europene, este scutit de la obligativitatea obţinerii unei vize. Organele poliţiei de frontieră nu aplică ştampila de intrare sau de ieşire în paşaportul persoanelor din această categorie. Art. 11. (1) Actul de identitate este documentul care se eliberează, în condiţiile prezentei ordonanţe de urgenţă, cetăţeanului român, şi care fac dovada identităţii, a domiciluilui şi, după caz, a reşedinţei, Art. 15. (1) Paşaportul simplu se eliberează la cerere cetăţenilor români care îndeplinesc condiţiile prevăzute de prezenta lege şi (3) The Romanian diplomatic missions and the consular offices shall grant the entry visa on Romanian territory to the persons stipulated under the paragraph (2). The conditions for granting the visa are laid down by methodological norms. (4) The family members who are not citizens of the European Union but are holding a valid document attesting the residence on other Member State s territory as a family member of a European Union citizen shall be exempted from the requirement to obtain an entry visa. The border police authorities shall not apply an entry or exit stamp in the passports of these persons. Art. 11. (1) The identity document is the document issued under the terms of the present emergency ordinance, to the Romanian citizen stating his/her identity, domicile and, by case, residence. Art. 15. (1) The simple passport shall be issued upon request to the Romanian cizens who meet the requirements provided by the present law and who are not in one Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 11/67 Efective transposition. The mentioned legislation also provides for the extension of validity of such documents. Suspension of the right to travel abroad may be decided in some specific cases expressly provided by the Law 248/2005 (i.e. imprisonment penal punismment, preventive penal measure of prohibition to leave Romania during a penal investigation, etc.).

nu se află într-una dintre situaţiile de suspendare a dreptului de a călători în străinătate. of the situations of suspension of the right to travel abroad. Art.4.4 Art. 5.1 The passport shall be valid at least for all Member States and for countries through which the holder must pass when travelling between Member States. Where the law of a Member State does not provide for identity cards to be issued, the period of validity of any passport on being issued or renewed shall be not less than five years. Right on Entry 1. Without prejudice to the s on travel documents applicable to border controls, Member States shall grant Union citizens leave to enter their territory with a valid identity card or passport and shall grant family members who are not s of a Member State leave to enter their territory with a valid passport. No entry visa or equivalent formality may be imposed on Union citizens. Law no. 21/1991 Art. 21 (1) Law no. 248/2005 Art. 6¹ (1) Art. 5 (1) and (2) Art. 5 (1) Art. 21. (1) Dovada cetăţeniei române se face cu buletinul de identitate sau, după caz, cu cartea de identitate, paşaportul ( ) Art. 6¹. (1) Pentru scopurile prezentei legi, cartea de identitate valabilă constituie document de călătorie pe baza căruia cetăţenii români pot călători în statele membre ale Uniunii Europene. Art. 5. - (1) Intrarea cetăţenilor Uniunii Europene pe teritoriul României este permisă prin toate punctele de trecere a frontierei de stat deschise traficului de persoane, cu condiţia prezentării documentului naţional de identitate, a paşaportului sau a unui document eliberat în condiţiile prezentei ordonanţe de urgenţă pentru cetăţenii Uniunii Europene, valabil, ( ) (2) Membrii de familie care nu sunt cetăţeni ai Uniunii Europene pot intra pe teritoriul României în baza unui paşaport valabil ( ) (1) ( ) fără a se aplica ştampila de intrare de către organele poliţiei de frontieră Art. 21. (1) The Romanian citizenship shall be proved by means of the identity bulletin, or, as the case may be, identity card, passport ( ) Art. 6¹. (1) For the purposes of the present law, the valid identity card represent a travel document on grounds of which the Romanian citizens are allowed to travel in the Member States of the European Union. Art. 5. - (1) The entry of European Union citizens on Romanian territory is allowed through all the border crossing points opened for inter traffic for persons, under the condition of presenting the identity document, the passport or other valid document issued to the European Union citizens according to the present emergency ordinance, ( ) (2) The family members who are not citizens of the European Union may enter the Romanian territory on the basis of a valid passport ( ) (1) ( ) without placing the entry stamp by the Border Police. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 12/67 The Directive s requirement is transposed since the purpose of the Romanian law is exercising by the Romanian citizen of their right of freedom of movement abroad. Effective transposition Although the Romanian text transposing article 3.1. of the Directive does not expressly mention Without prejudice to the s on travel documents applicable to border controls, it does not exclude the applicability of such s. Consequently, such s shall apply unless exceptions are expressly mentioned. The Romanian text refers to border crossing points opened for inter traffic for persons because Romania is not part of Schengen yet. The Romanian text is the last part of

Art. 5.2 2. Family members who are not s of a Member State shall only be required to have an entry visa in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 539/2001 or, where appropriate, with law. For the purposes of this Directive, possession of the valid residence card referred to in Article 10 shall exempt such family members from the visa requirement. Member States shall grant such persons every facility to obtain the necessary visas. Such visas shall be issued free of charge as soon as possible and on the basis of an accelerated procedure. Art. 5 (2) and (4) Art. 5 (3) în oricare dintre aceste documente. (2) Membrii de familie care nu sunt cetăţeni ai Uniunii Europene pot intra pe teritoriul României în baza unui paşaport valabil şi a vizei de intrare, cu excepţia cazurilor în care obligativitatea obţinerii vizei este desfiinţată în condiţiile legii. (4) Membrul de familie care nu este cetăţean al Uniunii Europene, dar care este în posesia unui document valabil, care atestă rezidenţa pe teritoriul unui alt stat membru în calitate de membru de familie al unui cetăţean al Uniunii Europene, este scutit de la obligativitatea obţinerii unei vize. (3) Misiunile diplomatice şi oficiile consulare ale României acordă persoanelor prevăzute la alin. (2) viza de intrare pe teritoriul României. Condiţiile pentru eliberarea vizei se stabilesc prin norme metodologice. (2) The family members who are not citizens of the European Union may enter the Romanian territory on the basis of a valid passport and an entry visa, except those cases where the requirement to obtain an entry visa has been abolished under the conditions of the law. (4) The family members who are not citizens of the European Union but are holding a valid document attesting the residence on other Member State s territory as a family member of a European Union citizen shall be exempted from the requirement to obtain an entry visa. (3) The Romanian diplomatic missions and the consular offices shall grant the entry visa on Romanian territory to the persons stipulated under the paragraph (2). The conditions for granting the visa are laid down by methodological norms. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 13/67 N, Incorrect article 5 (1) and, consequently, it refers only to the Union citizens. Article 5 (1) of the GEO 102/2005 does not expressly exclude the requirement of entry visa, but, according to Article 5.2. of this law entry visa is expressly required only for family members who are not citizens of the European Union. Abolished under the conditions of the law refers to Regulation 539/2001 but also to any bilateral agreements concluded by Romania, if any. Incorrect transposition. Article 5 (3) of the Romanian law transposing the Directive s, does not ensure the conditions that such visas shall be issued free of charge as soon as possible and on the basis of an accelerated procedure. However, such details are ensured by the methodological norms implementing the law. Thus, according to Article 2 of the

Art. 5.3 Art. 5.4 3. The host Member State shall not place an entry or exit stamp in the passport of family members who are not s of a Member State provided that they present the residence card provided for in Article 10. 4. Where a Union citizen, or a family member who is not a of a Member State, does not have the necessary travel documents or, if required, the necessary visas, the Member State concerned shall, before turning them back, give such persons every reasonable opportunity to obtain the necessary documents or have them brought to them within a reasonable period of time or to corroborate or prove Art. 5 (4) Art. 6 (1) a) and (2) (4) Membrul de familie care nu este cetăţean al Uniunii Europene, dar care este în posesia unui document valabil, care atestă rezidenţa pe teritoriul unui alt stat membru în calitate de membru de familie al unui cetăţean al Uniunii Europene, este scutit de la obligativitatea obţinerii unei vize. Organele poliţiei de frontieră nu aplică ştampila de intrare sau de ieşire în paşaportul persoanelor din această categorie Art. 6. - (1) Cetăţenilor Uniunii Europene, precum şi membrilor familiilor lor li se refuză intrarea pe teritoriul statului român numai în următoarele situaţii: a) dacă nu prezintă documentele corespunzătoare prevăzute la art. 5 şi nu fac dovada, prin orice alt mijloc, că beneficiază de dreptul la The family members who are not citizens of the European Union but are holding a valid document attesting the residence on other Member State s territory as a family member of a European Union citizen shall be exempted from the requirement to obtain an entry visa. The border police authorities shall not apply an entry or exit stamp in the passports of these persons. Art. 6. (1) The entry on the Romanian territory shall be refused to the Union citizens, as well as family members, only in the following situations: a) if they do not have the necessary documents provided by art. 5 and do not prove, by means of any other modality, that they are beneficiaries of the right of free movement and residence on the Romanian territory Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 14/67 methodological norms, the visa is issues to the family members who are not EU citizens by the Romanian diplomatic missions and the consular offices with previous approval from the National Center of Visas of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, upon request, within 48 hours and free of consular taxes. Nevertherless, it is not enough to lay down the rules of visas in a methodological norm as this falls short of the principle of legal certainty and thus the transposition is incorrect. Although Article 6 (1) does not make express reference to the family member who is not a of a Member State, since the text also refers to the Union citizens, the family members shall be those persons who are not s of a Member State.

Art.5.5 by other means that they are covered by the right of free movement and residence. 5. The Member State may require the person concerned to report his/ her presence within its territory within a reasonable and non-discriminatory period of time. Failure to comply with this requirement may make the person concerned liable to proportionate and non-discriminatory sanctions. Art. 9 and 32 1 (1) liberă circulaţie şi rezidenţă pe teritoriul României; ( ) (2) În situaţia prevăzută la alin. (1) lit. a), înainte de comunicarea refuzului permiterii intrării pe teritoriul României, persoanei i se acordă o perioadă de timp pe care o consideră necesară, în care să dovedească îndeplinirea condiţiilor de intrare sau faptul că beneficiază de dreptul la liberă circulaţie şi rezidenţă pe teritoriul României. Organele poliţiei de frontieră acordă tot sprijinul necesar pentru clarificarea situaţiei persoanei în cauză, inclusiv prin eliberarea vizei de intrare, în cazuri excepţionale, după analizarea situaţiei persoanei în cauză. Art. 9. - În termen de cel mult 15 zile de la data intrării pe teritoriul României, cetăţenii Uniunii Europene sau, după caz, membrii familiilor lor au obligaţia de a se prezenta la cea mai apropiată formaţiune teritorială a Poliţiei Române, a Poliţiei de Frontieră Române sau a Autorităţii pentru străini, pentru a-şi declara prezenţa în România. Art. 32 1. - (1) Neîndeplinirea oricăreia dintre obligaţiile stabilite la art. 9, 10, 15, 16 şi la art. 19 alin. (1) constituie contravenţie şi se sancţionează ( ) (2) In the situation provided for at paragraph (1) a), before the communication of the refusal of allowing the entry on the Romanian territory, this person is given the necessary period of time to prove they fulfil the entry conditions or the fact that he/she is a beneficiary of the right of free movement and residence on the Romanian territory. The border police officials shall give all the necessary support in order to clarify the situation of the concerned person including the issuing of entry visa in exceptional situations, after analysing the situation of the concerned person. Art. 9. - Within 15 days from the entry date on Romanian territory, the European Union citizens or their family members have to present themselves to the nearest territorial branch of Romanian Police, Romanian Border Police or Authority for Foreigners, in order to declare their presence in Romania. Art. 32 1. - (1) Failure to comply with any of the obligations provided by art. 9, 10, 15, 16 and art. 19 (1) represents an offence sanctioned by fines from 25 lei up to 50 lei. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 15/67 The reference to the document provided by art. 5 is sufficient since its s refer to the documents required for entering the Romanian territory. Neither the law, nor the methodological norms provide for the length of the necessary period of time. The sanctions may be considered as proportionate if not very law (approx. from 7 up to 14 euro)

Chapter III Art. 6.1 RIGHT OF RESIDENCE Right of residence for up to three months 1. Union citizens shall have the right of residence on the territory of another Member State for a period of up to three months without any conditions or any formalities other than the requirement to hold a valid identity card or passport. Art. 12 (1) cu amendă de la 25 lei la 50 lei. Art. 12. - (1) Cetăţenii Uniunii Europene, care intră pe teritoriul României, beneficiază de drept de rezidenţă pentru o perioadă de până la 3 luni de la data intrării în ţară, fără îndeplinirea vreunei condiţii suplimentare. Art. 12. (1) The European Union citizens, who legally entered the Romanian territory, benefit from the right of residence for a period of up to three months from the date of entry in our country, without fulfilling any supplementary conditions., (Not for jobseekers) Effective transposition except for jobseekers Although the Romanian text transposing the s of article 6.1. of the Directive does not make reference to the requirement to hold a valid identity card or passport, it refers to the Union citizens who legally entered the Romanian territory and, therefore, according to article 5 (1) of the law, comply with such requirement. Art. 6.2 Art.7.1 (a) 2. The s of paragraph 1 shall also apply to family members in possession of a valid passport who are not s of a Member State, accompanying or joining the Union citizen. Right of residence for more than three months All Union citizens shall have the right of residence on the territory of another Member State for a period of longer than three months if they: (a) are workers or self-employed persons in the host Member State; or Art. 12 (2) Art. 13 (1) (a) and Art. 2 (2) (2) Membrii de familie ai cetăţenilor Uniunii Europene, indiferent de cetăţenie, care îi însoţesc sau li se alătură ulterior beneficiază de prevederile alin. (1). Art. 13. - (1) Cetăţenii Uniunii Europene aflaţi în una dintre următoarele situaţii au dreptul de rezidenţă în România pentru o perioadă mai mare de 3 luni: a) desfăşoară pe teritoriul României activităţi dependente sau activităţi independente, în condiţiile legii; (2) The family members of the European Union citizens, irrespective of ity, accompanying or subsequently joining them benefit of the s provided at paragraph 1. Art. 13. (1) The European Union citizens shall have the right of residence in Romania for a period longer than three months under the following circumstances: a) They carry out dependent or independent activities, according to the law; Art. 2. - (2) For the purpose of this law, the phrases dependent activity and independent activity are defined There is no reference to jobseekers allowing them to stay for six months, which is not in line with ECJ case Antonissen and recital 9 of the Directive. See also comments above on the transposition of article 6.1. of the Directive. The individuals performing dependent and independent activities mentioned by Article 13 (1) (a) of the Romanian law correspond to the meaning of workers and selfemployed persons as refered by Article 7.1. (a) of the Directive and ECJ case law. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 16/67

Art.7.1 (b) (b) have sufficient resources for themselves and their family members not to become a burden on the social assistance system of the host Member State during their period of residence and have comprehensive sickness insurance cover in the host Member State; or Art. 13 (1) (b) and (2) Art. 2. - (2) În sensul prezentei ordonanţe de urgenţă, sintagmele activitate dependentă şi activitate independentă sunt definite potrivit art. 7 din Legea nr. 571/2003 privind Codul fiscal, cu modificările şi completările ulterioare b) deţin mijloace de întreţinere pentru ei şi membrii lor de familie, de regulă cel puţin la nivelul venitului minim garantat în România, şi asigurare de sănătate recunoscută în sistemul asigurărilor sociale de sănătate din România; (2) Dreptul de rezidenţă are o durată determinată de perioada în care titularul acestuia se află în mod efectiv în una dintre situaţiile prevăzute la alin. (1) care au stat la baza acordării dreptului respectiv. according to art. 7 of the Law no. 571/2003 regarding Fiscal Code as subsequently modified and supplemented. b) They have support resources for themselves and for their family members, usually, at least at the level of the minimum income guaranteed in Romania and they have medical insurance accredited (recognised) by the Romanian health insurance system. (2) The right of residence has a duration determined by the period in which the entitled person is in one of the situations provided at paragraph (1) which stayed at the basis of granting the respective right. N, Incorrect According to the Romanian Fiscal Code, dependent activity means any activity carried our by an individual person within an employment relationship and independent activity means any activity regularly carried out by an individual person, other than a dependent activity. The definitions are not very precise, but the interpretation given in practice is consistent with ECJ case law. Incorrect transposition. The s of Article 7.1. (b) seem to be transposed since the social assistance indemnity is granted by the public system of social assistance if the income is lower than the minimum income guaranteed in Romania. However, the meaning of sufficient resources is not ensured since the Romanian text refers to support resources for themselves and for their family members, usually, at least at the level of the minimum income guaranteed in Romania. Thus, there is no ensuring that the personal situation of the person shall be taken into account in case the resources are below minimum income guaranteed in Romania or below the limit under which the social assistance indemnity is granted by the public system of social assistance. As regards the sickness insurance, if the medical insurance is accredited (recognised) by the Romanian health insurance system, the respective Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 17/67

Art.7.1 (c) (c) - are enrolled at a private or public establishment, accredited or financed by the host Member State on the basis of its legislation or administrative practice, for the principal purpose of following a course of study, including vocational training; and Art. 13 (1) (c) c) sunt înscrişi la o instituţie din România, acreditată în condiţiile legii, având ca obiect principal de activitate desfăşurarea de activităţi de învăţământ sau de perfecţionare a pregătirii profesionale, ( ) c) they are enrolled at a institution from Romania, accredited by the law, having as main purpose educational and vocational training activities, ( ) person has comprehensive sickness insurance cover in Romania. The medical insurance is recognised in case there is an inter convenant concluded by Romania with the country where the respective person is insured, under the terms of such convenant. The person who is insured in a Member State of the European Union and holds an European medical insurance card benefits from the same rights as the Romanian citizens holding medical insurance in the Romanian system. Although Article 13 (1) (b) of the Romanian law does not expressly require the compliance with such conditions during their period of residence, such requirement is ensured since non compliance with the conditions determines that the respective person is not anymore in one of the cirrcumstances granting the right of residence. Although the Romanian text transposing Article 7.1. (c) of the Directive does not make express reference to private or public establishment, accredited or financed by the host Member State, all these types of establishments are covered since the text of the Romanian law does not make any distinction between private or public establishments and, referring to accredited institutions, it implicitly refers to both those financed by the state and those privately financed. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 18/67

Art.7.1 (d) Art. 7.2 - have comprehensive sickness insurance cover in the host Member State and assure the relevant authority, by means of a declaration or by such equivalent means as they may choose, that they have sufficient resources for themselves and their family members not to become a burden on the social assistance system of the host Member State during their period of residence; or (d) are family members accompanying or joining a Union citizen who satisfies the conditions referred to in points (a), (b) or (c). 2. The right of residence provided for in paragraph 1 shall extend to family members who are not s of a Member State, accompanying or joining the Union citizen in the host Member State, provided that such Union citizen satisfies the conditions referred to in paragraph 1(a), (b) or (c). Art. 13 (1) (c) and (2) Art. 13 (1) (d) Art. 13 (1 1 ) ( ) au asigurare de sănătate recunoscută în sistemul asigurărilor sociale de sănătate din România şi asigură autorităţile competente, printro declaraţie pe propria răspundere sau prin orice alt mijloc, că deţin mijloace de întreţinere pentru ei şi membrii lor de familie, de regulă cel puţin la nivelul venitului minim garantat în România; d) sunt membri de familie ai unui cetăţean al Uniunii Europene care îndeplineşte una dintre condiţiile prevăzute la lit. a), b) sau c). Art. 13. - (1 1 ) Membrii de familie care nu sunt cetăţeni ai Uniunii Europene pot beneficia de dreptul de rezidenţă pentru o perioadă de peste 3 luni dacă însoţesc sau se alătură ulterior cetăţeanului Uniunii Europene care îndeplineşte una dintre ( ) they have social health insurance accredited (recognised) by the Romanian health insurance system and they assure the relevant authorities, by means of a declaration or by any other means, that they have support resources for themselves and for their family members, usually, at least at the the level of the minimum income guaranteed in Romania. d) they are family members of a European Union citizen who complies with the conditions provided at points a), b) or c). Art. 13. - (1 1 ) Family members who do not have the European Union citizenship may benefit from the right of residence for a period longer than three months if they accompany or subsequently join the European Union citizen who fulfils one of the conditions provided at paragraph 1, points a)- c). N, Incorrect, More favourabl e Incorrect transposition. See comments above on the transposition of Article 7.1. (b). The meaning of sufficient resources is not ensured since the Romanian text refers to support resources for themselves and for their family members, usually, at least at the level of the minimum income guaranteed in Romania. Thus, there is no ensuring that the personal situation of the person shall be taken into account in case the resources are below minimum income guaranteed in Romania or below the limit under which the social assistance indemnity is granted by the public system of social assistance More favourable treatment. The Romanian text does not refer to family members accompanying or joining a Union citizen. Thus, it ensured rights of residence in Romania for a period longer than three months to all family members of a that EU citizen, independently whether they are coming in Romania for accompanying or joining the EU citizen or for other reasons. Milieu Ltd & ROMANIA 19/67