Human Rights Unit 2 Notes
Map - Africa 27 countries Pink - Niger, Chad, Sudan, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, South Sudan Green - Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi Blue - Dem Rep. of Congo, Angola, Zambia, Malawi, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia Orange - Mozambique, South Africa, Madagascar Purple - Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ghana
Definition HUMAN RIGHTS are the rights that all people have by virtue of being human beings. Human Rights are derived from the inherent dignity of the human person and are defined internationally, nationally and locally by various law making bodies.
HUMAN RIGHTS give each person the power to hold (rights to life, nationality, own property, rest and leisure) to do (rights to marry, peaceful assembly, run for public office, education) to omit (freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment, freedom from arbitrary arrest,detention or exile) to access (equal protection of the law, equal access to public service, equal pay for equal work) The term HUMAN RIGHTS was coined by Eleanor Roosevelt to replace Rights of Man
Early Groups International Committee for the Red Cross (1863) Geneva Convention (1864) Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907) League of Nations and the International Labor Organization (1919) The Atlantic Charter Between the United States and Great Britain (August 14, 1941) The Nuremberg and Tokyo Tribunals Creation of the United Nations (1945) http://www.un.org/en/sections/about-un/overview/index.html
Modern Times Legal basis - UN (United Nations) Charter Sets the promotion of and respect for human rights for all Establishes legal obligations for Member States to take action to achieve respect for human rights The Preamble to the United Nations Charter states that the Peoples of the United Nations are determined to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small.
These are all of the organizations and committees who work to defend human rights throughout the world. Lots of groups!
5 Categories of Human Rights 1. Civil the right to be treated as an equal to anyone else in society 2. Political the right to vote, to freedom of speech and to obtain information 3. Economic the right to participate in an economy that benefits all; and to desirable work 4. Social the right to education, healthcare, food,clothing, shelter and social security 5. Cultural the right to freedom of religion, and to speak the language, and to practice the culture of one's choice
1. Some civil rights... Life Non-discrimination according to race Opinion Free speech Non-discrimination according to sex Marry
2. Some political rights... Vote in elections Freely form or join political parties Live in an independent country Run for public office Freely disagree with views and policies of political leaders
3. Some Economic rights... Work without exploitation Fair wage Safe working conditions Form trade unions Have adequate food and water
4. Some social rights... Housing Education Health services Clean environment Social security
4. Some cultural rights... Freedom of religion Freedom of language
Sometimes people do not get these rights Why?