Great Britain is one of the two islands of the British Isles, the other being Ireland. Great Britain is made of 3 nations: SCOTLAND (Alba) (1603, 1707) What is the United Kingdom? Type: Unitary parliamentary monarchy Head of State: Queen Elizabeth II Prime Minister: Theresa May The Republic of Ireland (1949) is not part of the UK. The United Kingdom is composed of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Ulster) England WALES (Cymru) (1535) Ireland (island)
On Dec. 6 th 1922, Ireland formed a new dominion, the Irish Free State. The area known as "Northern Ireland" (six counties in Ulster), immediately opted out of the new state. The union of Great Britain with part of Ireland was renamed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Jackson, Home Rule: An Irish History: 1800-2000, 2004, 227-30). Banner of the King of Scots: Used historically by the King of Scots, the banner differs from Scotland's national flag, the Saltire, in that its correct use is restricted by an Act of the Parliament of Scotland to only a few Great Officers of State who officially represent the Sovereign in Scotland. Wales: The flag incorporates the red dragon of Cadwaladr, King of Gwynedd, along with the Tudor colours of green and white. It was used by Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485, after which it was carried in state to St Paul's Cathedral. The red dragon was then included as a supporter of the Tudor royal arms to signify their Welsh descent. It was officially recognised as the Welsh national flag in 1959 (Wikipedia).
THE UK = FOUR-NATION STATE FOUR ROSES 886 AD 1694 AD
Symbols are cultural artifacts or human constructions that stand in for or symbolize particular relationships. A symbol gains its representative capacity "as a meaning carried by language in a system" and are used to designate expressions of abstract thought that embody deep social value and the meaning of historic faith and theological creed. Artifacts are established as "cultural symbols" capable of yielding special insight into the worldview of a people at a particular time in a way unmatched by most other historical sources of the period.
The Heptarchy (7th-8th centuries AD):
Offa s Dyke (7-8th centuries AD):
Oswain Glyndŵr: Source: MARCHANT, Alicia. The Revolt of Owain Glyndwr in Medieval English Chronicles. Rochester, NY: Boydell & Brewer Ltd, 2014, 218.
Edward I, William Wallace and the Stone of Destiny
Battle of Bannockburn: Source: BROWN, Michael. Bannockburn: The Scottish War and the British Isles 1307-1323. Edinburgh UP, 2008, 1-2.
The English revolution 1. Habea Corpus Act (1640, amended 1679): The writ of habeas corpus had existed in various forms in England for at least five centuries before as it was guaranteed by Magna Carta (1215). 2. Bill of Rights (1689): It lays down limits on the powers of the monarch and sets out the rights of Parliament, including the requirement for regular parliaments, free elections, and freedom of speech in Parliament. In Whig theory, it refers to the Glorious Revolution (1688) and climaxed when the Bill of Rights was passed. The Marxist view of the English Revolution suggests that the events of 1640 to 1660 in Britain was a bourgeois revolution in which the final section of English feudalism (the state) was destroyed by a bourgeois class (and its supporters) and replaced with a state (and society) which reflected the wider establishment of agrarian (and later industrial) capitalism. According to Marxist historian Christopher Hill: The Civil War was a class war, in which the despotism of Charles I was defended by the reactionary forces of the established Church and conservative landlords, and on the other side stood the trading and industrial classes in town and countryside... the yeomen and progressive gentry, and... wider masses of the population whenever they were able by free discussion to understand what the struggle was really about.
Britain s Reign of Terror (1790s): Source: WOLD, Atle. Scotland and the French Revolutionary War, 1792-1802. Edinburgh University Press, 2015.