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THE HINDU editorial Analysis in Hindi today EDITORIAL The Hindu Editorial Decode in Hindi DATE: 18 JUNE 2018 Monday BY: UPSC IAS EXAM YOUTUBE CHANNEL KARDAM RAVAL GENERAL STUDIES EXPERT WE BELIEVE IN DELIVERING EXCELLENCE
Today s Roadmap Parched or polluted: on India's water crisis A life-affirming journey FUN FACT ANALYSIS VOCABULARY
FUN FACT Andaman and Nicobar pairs of islands is separated from each other by the Ten Degree Channel. Major rivers of Andaman and Nicobar Islands : Kalpong ( North Andaman ) Alexandera ( Great Nicobar ) Amrit Kaur ( Great Nicobar ) Galathea ( Great Nicobar ) Dagmar ( Great Nicobar ) INDIA IS HAVING HOW MANY TOTAL ISLANDS?
Parched or polluted: on India's water crisis Urgent reforms are needed to deal with the acute water stress in most of India India s water crisis is clear and present, with implications for the health of the entire population. According to the Composite Water Management Index developed by Niti Aayog, 70% of the water resources are identified as polluted. This is based primarily on data supplied by States for calculating the index. If the water accessible to millions is contaminated, the problem is infinitely worse than that of availability. The system of ratings for States is based on their performance in augmenting water resources and watersheds, investing in infrastructure, providing rural and urban drinking water, and encouraging efficient agricultural use. It presumes that this hall of fame approach will foster competitive and cooperative federalism. What emerges from the early assessment is that States such as Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Punjab and Telangana have initiated reforms for judicious water use, while populous ones such as Uttar Pradesh and Bihar have failed to respond to the challenge. Tamil Nadu, which has a middling score, does well on augmentation of water sources, but is abysmally poor in ensuring sustainable use for farming. The trends that the data reflect of high to extreme stress faced by 600 million people call for speedy reforms.
CONTINUE Two areas that need urgent measures are augmentation of watersheds that can store more good water, for use in agriculture and to serve habitations, and strict pollution control enforcement. In this context, the Committee on Restructuring the Central Water Commission and the Central Ground Water Board, chaired by Mihir Shah, has called for a user-centric approach to water management, especially in agriculture. It advocates decentralisation of irrigation commands, offering higher financial flows to wellperforming States through a National Irrigation Management Fund. Clearly, awarding an index rank should help advance such schemes, making States feel the need to be competitive. Yet, such approaches may not resolve seemingly intractable inter-state river disputes. As the Cauvery issue has demonstrated, State governments would rather seek judicial intervention than be accused of bartering away the rights to a precious resource under a shared, cooperative framework. Groundwater extraction patterns need to be better understood through robust data collection; less than 5% of about 12 million wells are now under study. ]Steady urbanisation calls for a new management paradigm, augmenting sources of clean drinking water supply and treatment technologies that will encourage reuse. Pollution can be curbed by levying suitable costs. These forward-looking changes would need revamped national and State institutions, and updated laws. A legal mandate will work better than just competition and cooperation; it would make governments accountable.
A life-affirming journey Violence cannot stop journalism s onward march There are lessons to learn from journalist Shujaat Bukhari s assassination. In the lead story, Stop press? Not at Rising Kashmir (June 17, 2018), Peerzada Ashiq reported on how a team of dedicated and defiant journalists worked to bring out the newspaper Rising Kashmir hours after their editor was assassinated. The poignant statement that paid tribute to Bukhari read: You left all too sudden but you will always be our guiding light with your professional conviction and exemplary courage. We won t be cowed down by the cowards who snatched you from us. We will uphold your principle of telling the truth however unpleasant it may be... RIP. Journalism is an interminable, life-affirming journey and violence has never succeeded in stopping its onward march.
CONTINUE It requires herculean emotional resolve for the staff of a newspaper to bring out the next day s edition after their editor has been shot dead in front of their office. With a lump in their throat and tears in their eyes, the journalists at Rising Kashmir worked overtime to deny Bukhari s killers their joy. While there is pride in journalism, journalists are insecure today. The elimination of voices is the most gruesome form of censorship. The Committee to Protect Journalists, in a report titled Dangerous pursuit, had warned in 2016 that India s culture of impunity in the killing of journalists leaves the press vulnerable to threats and attacks.
Online attacks A recent study by the Centre for International Media Assistance warns about the spread of a new wave of censorship the distributed attacks on freedom of expression. According to Daniel Arnaudo, the author of the study, these online attacks are insidiously difficult to detect, and often just as effective, if not more, than the kinds of brute force techniques by state agents that came before. He argues that the goal of these attacks is not always to block users, content or themes, but to attack democratic discourse, weaken trust in institutions like the media, other governments, the opposition, and civil society. He establishes how the aim of those indulging in distributed attacks is to polarise, which will result in a more dangerous and confined space for the media and civil society. Arnaudo also highlights some of the tools and tactics of these growing new forms of censorship. Some of the major maladies he examines are censorship troll farms, bot networks, distributed denial of service attacks, personal data exfiltration and expropriation, hacking and leaking of media, civil society and other private information for political, commercial, or personal gain. This does not mean that the media is beyond criticism. There are ways to express contrarian views with civility. Abrasive vitriol cannot masquerade as criticism because it undermines the public sphere and takes a toll on lives. Preserving the space for dialogue is a collective responsibility.
VOCABULARY FORETHOUGHT (NOUN): (प र व वर च र): precaution 2. PREOCCUPY (VERB): (तल ल न ह न ): engross 3. BOOM (NOUN): (धम क ): loud sound 4. RAPT (ADJECTIVE): (हर ष न मत त): delighted 5. RELEGATE (VERB): (स प र व करन ): assign 6. REFURBISH (VERB): (प र मरम मत करन ): fix up 7. RUSE (NOUN): (च ल): feint 8. SUPPLE (ADJECTIVE): (लच ल /सहज म झ कन र ल ): flexible 9. JUNK (NOUN): (कचर ): garbage 10. TRIAL (ADJECTIVE): (प र य ग क): experimental
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