Defining A Nation Chapter 1 Section 3
Lecture Focus Question What ideas and debates led to the Constitution and Bill of Rights? Explain.
Lecture Focus Question What ideas and debates led to the Constitution and Bill of Rights? Explain.
Revolution Ends Franklin secures support of the French General La Fayette joins GW and together they beat GB Battle of Yorktown: British General Cornwallis surrenders to GW Treaty of Paris 1783: GB officially admits defeat and recognizes U.S. as a separate, independent country
Early Government Everyone agreed on 2 basic ideas: Democracy: a government by the people Republic: a government run by the people through elected officials
Simon Says S The U.S. is still a democratic republic.
What do you remember about democracies from World History class last year?
Plan A Articles of Confederation: plan that established a limited national govt in the U.S. right after the Revolution Confederation: a group of individuals united together for a purpose States retained most of the power
Weaknesses State retained most of power Only 1 branch: Congress Powerless to tax states Powerless to enforce laws One vote for each state, regardless of population No national court system to interpret laws Changes/additions required unanimous vote
In favor of a stronger national government Federalists Federalist Papers: series of articles supporting Federalist ideas Warned lack of a national court system & economic policies would create chaos Shay s Rebellion: rebellion grew out of farmers unrest over high taxes in Massachusetts Alexander Hamilton
The Articles Fail Patrick Henry Anti-Federalists: those opposed to a strong central government Sedition Act: made it illegal to say anything negative about the govt. Most in agreement Articles are failing! Convention called to edit the Articles Articles are tossed out
Brain Snack Complete the flow chart: What issues led to the Articles of Confederation being tossed out by the Founding Fathers? 1 2 3 4 7 6 5
New Plans and Compromises Virginia Plan: representation based on population New Jersey Plan: equal representation for each state regardless of population Great Compromise: solved the issue of representation combined the 2 plans Three-Fifths Compromise: counted each slave as 3/5 of a person for the purpose of Southern representation
Three Branches of Govt Legislative Branch: creates the law Judicial Branch: interprets the law / power of judicial review Executive Branch: enforces the law Separation of powers: 3 branches, each with its own area of authority Checks and balances: each branch has the ability to curb the power of the other branches
Simon Says S Our system of checks and balances and our separation of powers in government are what prevent a president from becoming a dictator or king.
The U.S. Constitution Anti-Federalists argue Constitution takes away too much power from individuals/states James Madison writes/adds Bill of Rights to make Anti- Federalists happy Bill of Rights: first 10 amendments of the Constitution which protect individual rights U.S. Constitution is ratified!
Which Amendment comes to your mind first when you think of the Bill of Rights? Why do you think it s an important right to have?
SUMMARY Summary These notes were about (Main Idea Use the WIN strategy!) (1-2 sent.) W.I.N. strategy: WHO/WHAT - Figure out the most important who or what (topic) INFORMATION - Figure out the most important information about the who or what NUMBER OF WORDS - Write the main idea using the fewest possible number of words
Response = 3-4 well thought out sentences minimum! (topic sentence + supporting details) Lecture Focus Question What ideas and debates led to the Constitution and Bill of Rights? Explain.
Notes Grading Rubric