Index 501(c)(3) status. See Nonprofit organizations, 501(c)(3) Action methods, 56 57 Adapters, early and late, 160 Adequate time, internal organizational change and, 161 162 Adoption, gay and lesbian, 105 Advocacy: vs. lobbying, 133 See specifi c type Advocacy intervention plan, 15, 18 implementation and evaluation, 22 25 possible intervention strategies, 18 22 Age, digital divide and, 68, 69, 70 Agency level: community-based practice and, 109 115 statistical problem evidence at, 17 Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), 178 American Bar Association (ABA), 176 American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 184 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), 167, 184 Anti- Drug Abuse Act of 1998, 183 Anti- drug PSAs, 51 Apathy: among citizens, 29 participatory practice and, 33 AT&T, 80 Attendance, public meetings and, 116 Attribution theory, 101 Autonomy: coalitions and, 90 using media in policy practice and, 44 Awareness campaigns. See Community-based policy practice, awareness campaigns Becker, Bob, 110 Billboards: community awareness campaigns and, 106 human, 122 123 Birth control, parental consent and, 105, 108 109 Block grants, 7 Blogs, 71, 75 Bottom up model for change, 165 169 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL 197
198 INDEX Brainstorming, small-group techniques, 94 95 Brochures, 61 62, 106 The Brookings Institute, 79, 80 Brown vs. Board of Education, 174 Bulletin boards, community. See Calendars, community Burchett, Tim, 88 Bureau of Labor Statistics, 17 Bureaucracy, 151 152, 169 170 executive branch and, 152 154 intervention, 154 156 for-profit and nonprofit organizations, 157 169 public state and local agencies, 156 157 Bus line extension, 20 22 Bush, George H. W., 36 Business cards, 65 Business Week, 76 Calendars, community, 52 53 Campaigns: working on local political, 117 119 planning process, 119 strategies for, 119 123 See also E-mail, campaigns The Candidate s Handbook for Winning State and Local Elections, 118, 123 Case advocacy, 3 4 Cell phones, 60, 78 Census Bureau, 17, 77 statistical problem evidence, 17 Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, 79, 80 Charity clubs, 121 Church, 121 Civil Rights Act of 1964, 155 Class action lawsuits, 185 187 Class advocacy, 1 2 as compared to other forms of advocacy, 4 Clifton, Stewart, 140 Clip art, 65 Coalitions, 87 89 building, 89 90 internal factors for success, 90 91 legislature and, 28 Coercion, 56 57 Collaboration, internal organizational change and, 161 Collectivist cultures, conflict and, 99 100 Comcast, 80 Commentaries. See Opinion editorials (Op- eds) Commitment, coalition leadership and, 91 Committees: legislative policy practice and, 128 130, 145 147 See also Hearings, committee; Political action committees (PACs) Communication, internal organizational change and, 161 Community: lack of involvement, 29 30
INDEX 199 partnerships and participatory practice, 39 40 Community-based policy practice, 104 105, 123 124 awareness campaigns, 105 109 intervention strategies, 115 123 local government or agency level, 109 115 state and national level, 137 140, 141 Community organizing (CO), vs. advocacy, 4 Competence, coalition leadership, 91 Conflict: avoiding and resolving group, 97 102 cultural aspects of, 99 100 importance of constructive, 100 102 Conflict Resolution Toolbox, 101 102 Conscientisation, 31 Constructive conflict. See Conflict, importance of constructive Contraceptives, emergency, 105 Cooperative: dualism, 7 federalism, 7 Counting Our Voices: Popular Education and Organizing, 41 County government, targets for policy change and, 17 Cultural differences: conflict and, 99 100 interpersonal communication and, 31 organizational change and, 159 Curricula, 107 Dallas Morning News, 76 Data books, statistical problem evidence, 17 Decision-making, coalition leadership, 91 Department of Agriculture, 153 Department of Children s Services, targets for policy change and, 17 Department of Commerce, 153 Department of Defense, 153 Department of Education, 153 targets for policy change and, 17 Department of Energy, 153 Department of Health and Human Services, 153, 156 targets for policy change and, 17 Department of Homeland Security, 153 Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), 153, 156 157, 183 184 targets for policy change and, 17, 110 Department of Human Services, 17 Department of the Interior, 153 Department of Justice, 153 Department of Labor, 153 Department of Transportation, 153
200 INDEX Department of Treasury, 153 Department of Veterans Affairs, 153 Desktop publishing. See Technology, desktop publishing Devolution, 6 8 Dialogue, collaborative, 100 Digital divide, 68 69 Dimensions model, 101 102 Disenfranchisement, interpersonal skills and, 29 Domestic violence, 65 66, 67 Domestic Violence Lobbying Day, 142 Domestic Violence Task Force, 114 115, 178, 179 DUI / DWI court proceedings, 177 Dynamics of Trust model, 101 East Tennessee Progressive Network (ETNPRONET), 72 73, 75 Economic development, participatory practice and, 39 40 Editor, letters to the, 44 48 E- Government Act of 2002, 155 E-groups, 72 E-mail, 60 campaigns, 70 72 cell phones and, 78 Empowerment: as a change strategy in agencies, 162 165 essential components of, 164 participatory practice and, 37 38 Encyclopedia of Social Work, 29 30 Executive branch. See Bureaucracy, executive branch and Fact sheets, 61 62 Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA), 34, 35 36, 137 Family Violence Task Force, 113 Federal Court of Appeals, 172 173 Federal Executive Agencies, 153 Federalism, 6 8 Federal Register, 154 Fence sitters, 160 Flash campaigns, 74 Fliers, 65, 106 Food stamp program, 7 For-profit organizations, 157 169 Free speech, internet, 80 81 Friend of a friend (FOAF), 75 76 Friendster, 75 Frustration, participatory practice and, 33 Fundraisers, 54, 55 Furlong, Gary, 101 General Accounting Office (GAO), 105 106 statistical problem evidence, 17 Goals for advocacy intervention plan, 18 Google, 71 free speech and, 80 MySpace and, 76
INDEX 201 Government: employees, activities permitted and prohibited by, 135 local, community- based practice and, 109 115 Grassroots participation, 27 29, 41 42 building community trust, 31 33 democratic decision making and, 33 36 empowerment practice, 37 38 interpersonal skills for, 29 31 statistical problem evidence, 17 working with community organizers, 38 40 Great Depression, 6 7 Guidance counselors, target systems of change and, 112 Handicapped accessibility, 61 bottom up change for, 167 168 Hatch Act, 134 136 Hearings: committee, testifying before, 140, 142 public as a community- based intervention strategy, 115 117 statistical problem evidence, 17 Honk-in, 57 Housing authorities. See specific agencies How People Get Power, 41 How to Save Your Neighborhood, City, and Town, 41 Human billboards. See Billboards, human Human service interest group. See Internet group politics Income, problem identification and, 16 Information booth, 107 Interest group politics, 83 91, 102 103 building group consensus, 91 102 legislative policy practice, 145 149 Internet: statistical problem evidence, 17 See also Technology Interpersonal communication. See Grassroots participation Intervention plans, advocacy. See Advocacy intervention plan Intervention strategies, possible, 15, 18 22 Interviews, 53 55 Jansson, Bruce, 1 Jpeg files, 65 Judicial appointments, targets for policy change and, 17 Judicial policy practice, 171 172, 187 189 change strategies, 175 176 federal court system, 172 173
202 INDEX Judicial policy practice (continued ) implementing new programs, 178 181 interconnectedness of three branches, 174 175 monitoring, 176 178 other target systems and, 181 187 state court system, 173 174 Kennedy administration, 155 Laurel High School, 64 Law enforcement agencies, target systems of change and, 110, 111 112, 114 Legislation: interest group politics and, 84 introducing, 130 131 targets for policy change and, 17, 28 Legislative advocacy, 1 2 as compared to other forms of advocacy, 4 Legislative policy practice, 125 126, 149 150 federal and state processes, 126 131, 132 133 interest group politics and, 145 149 lobbying and, 131, 133 136 planning process, 142 145 strategies for change, 136 142 Letters: writing campaigns, 137 139 See also Editor, letters to the Library, statistical problem evidence and, 17 Listening: interpersonal communication and active, 28 mindful, 100 Listservs, 71, 72 75 Litigation, individual, 184 185 Lobbying: 501(c)(3) Nonprofit Organizations and, 131 134 Hatch Act and, 134 136 legislature and, 28 Majority, early and late, 160 Media, 43 44 campaign strategies and, 120 121 file, creating a, 57 58 interest group politics and, 85 mobilization, 6 statistical problem evidence, 17 See also specifi c type Medicaid Managed Care, 45 action methods and, 56 57 interest group politics and, 86 87 possible intervention strategies and, 19 Meeting, public, 115 117 Michigan Public Policy Institute, 54 Microsoft: free speech and, 80 Word, 61, 63, 65
INDEX 203 Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), 177 MySpace, 75 76 The Nation, 76, 77 National Association for Social Workers (NASW), 121, 131, 140, 146 Code of Ethics, 9 interest group politics and, 84 PACs and, 148 Tennessee legislative alerts, 73 National Council for Adoption, 177 Neighborhood canvassing, 106 campaign strategies and, 120, 121 Neoconservativism, participatory practice and, 40 Net neutrality, 80 81 News coverage / releases, 48 50, 53 56 Newsletters, 62 65 statistical problem evidence, 17 Nixon, Richard, 7 Nominal Group Technique (NGT), 95 97 Nonprofit organizations, 157 169 501(c)(3) status, 126 lobbying and, 131 134 PACs vs. 147 148 interest group politics and, 84 targets for policy change and, 17 Oakland Housing Authority (OHA), 183 Objectivity, interpersonal communication and, 28 Observation, mindful, 100 Office on Aging, 107 Office of Management and Budget (OMB), 155 Olympia Snow, 81 One Strike and You re Out, 183 Opinion editorials (Op- eds), 44 45, 47 48 Organizational change. See Bureaucracy Organizing for Social Change: A Manual for Activists in the 1990s, 41 Ownership, shared, 91 Parent / teacher association (PTA), 112 Parental and Disability Act, 35 Parents: The Anti- Drug, 51 Parents Right to Know, 108 109 Participation. See Grassroots participation Personal visits, communicating with representatives, 139 140 Person-in-environment perspective, social work code of ethics and, 10 Perspective shifting, interpersonal communication and, 32 Pew Charitable Trust, 68, 69, 70 Pharmaceutical industry, interest group politics and, 85 87
204 INDEX Pharmaceutical Patient Assistance, 107 Phone calls: communicating with representatives, 139 See also Cell phones Photographs: cell phones and, 78 news coverage and, 56 Planning commission, 17, 110 Police department, 17 Policy advocacy, as compared to other forms of advocacy, 4 Policy institutes, statistical problem evidence, 17 Policy practice: community-based, 5 6 concepts used to describe work related to, 4 conceptualizing, 1 5 effectiveness of, 10 12 ethics of the profession, 8 10 four methods of, 2 planning process, 14 15 as a response to devolution, 6 8 Political Action for Candidate Endorsement (PACE), 121 Political Action Committees (PACs), xi, 126 interest group politics and, 84 legislative policy practice and, 147 148 Political advocacy, 1 2 as compared to other forms of advocacy, 4 Political social work, 1 2 defined, 2 3 Powerlessness, participatory practice and feelings of, 33 Press conference, 56 Privatization, 157 Problem identification, 15 18 Professional associations, interest group politics and, 84 Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), 23 24 Pro- immigration rally, 76 Project Vote Smart, 79, 80 Protest marches, 56 Public housing authorities (PHAs), 183 Public Service Announcements (PSAs), 50 52 community awareness campaigns and, 106 Quality group decisions, 95 97 Radio talk shows, 54 Readiness of change, internal organizational change and, 157 159 Reagan, Ronald, 7 Reframing, 100 Representatives, communicating with, 137 140, 141 Respect: coalition leadership, 91 public meetings and, 116 117 Responsibility, coalition leadership and shared, 91
INDEX 205 Revenue- sharing dollars, 7 Rogero, Madeline, 121, 122 Roosevelt, Theodore, 155 Rural areas, 75 Save the Internet Coalition, 81 School board, target systems of change, 17, 110, 111 112, 113 Scorecards, 107 Search engines, 71. See also specifi c type Self-awareness, 28 interpersonal communication and, 31 Service Development Director, 20 Small groups, making decisions in, 94 97 Smokey the Bear, 51 Social action, 1 2 Social networking, 72 75 Social Work Consumer and Title Protection Act, 147 legislative policy practice and, 131, 132 133 Social workers, as change agencies, 2 Socioeconomic status, digital divide and, 68, 69, 70 South Africa, paid family leave laws and, 36 Speeches, public meetings and, 116 Spousal Rape Law Task Force, 142 144 St. Louis Post- Dispatch, 77 State Department, 153 Statistics, problem evidence, 17 Supplemental security income, 7 Supreme Court, 172 173 State, 173 174 Systems advocacy, 4 Task forces: defining, 87 91 interest group politics and, 84 legislature and, 28 Teachers, target systems of change and, 112, 113 Teach-ins, 56 Technology, 60, 81 82 desktop publishing, 61 66, 67 online, 66, 68 81 targeting systems of change and, 6 Teen Violence Task Force, 107 108 Telecommunications Act, 80 Television, public, 54 Templates, 61 TennCare, 86 87 Oversight Committee, 129 Testifying, 140, 142 Text messaging, 60 Title X, 108 Top down model for change, 159 162 Transit Authority, 20 22 targets for policy change and, 17 Transportation: planning process and, 20 22 target systems of change and, 110
206 INDEX TrueMajority.org, 73, 81 Trust, coalition leadership, 91 Unity, coalition leadership, 91 University of Tennessee, 51, 61 Verizon, 80 Virtual community, 75 78 Web sites, 75 campaign strategies and, 119 120 interactive, 70 72 Webb, Carl, 77 Wizards, 61 WordPerfect, 61, 63, 65, 66 Word processing programs. See Technology, desktop publishing Working Assets Flash Activist Network, 73 WorkingFamilies e- activist network, 73 World War II, 154 155 Yahoo: free speech and, 80 listservs and, 74 Youth Voice Task Force, 108 109