Political Science 4883 Professor Michael Barnett 2009 Fall Global Governance This course examines global governance - the creation, revision, and enforcement of the rules that are intended to govern the world. We will begin by considering the international order that lurks behind and defines any governance arrangement. The purpose of global governance is to create stability in global relations. But how should we think about the relationship between governance and international order? What is international order? How is it produced, sustained, and regulated? Whose order is it? How are different governance arrangements tied to different kinds of world orders? In this section we also will examine the role of international organizations. International organizations are frequently viewed as residing at the hub of any governance arrangement, but different theories have different conceptions of what purpose and effects they have. Accordingly, we will examine several different theories to better understand the different ways that international organizations matter in global governance. We will then consider the emergence of rules governing the use of force and humanitarian action. An increasingly prominent and important feature of global governance is the regulation of the use of force. When can states use force? What are the rules governing that use? Can states use force in times other than self-defense? Can they use force to prevent violence from occurring in the future? Can they use force to stop crimes against humanity? States also have established rules not only to protect themselves but also to protect the needs of vulnerable populations. When and why did states start to try and limit the devastation caused by war, best know as international humanitarian law? How have states attempted to create rules and institutions to protect those who are forced to flee their homes? Do these rules and institutions really help the vulnerable? We will conclude the course with a look at the contemporary international order, the debate over the American empire, and future governance arrangements. If there is an American Empire, how does it matter? what will be the implications for the use of force, humanitarian action, international organizations, and global governance? How are we to best understand the current controversies concerning the UN and global governance? Are they best understood as driven by American power? by contrasting visions of different kinds of international orders? by an internationalizing world that advantages the West over the global South? Office Hours and Contact Information. I will hold office hours in 261 HHH on Tuesdays from 2-3 and on Thursdays from 10-11. You can contact me at by phone at 626-3194 or by email at mbarnett@umn.edu. Denis Kennedy is the teaching assistant for the course. His office hours are Mondays from 1-3 in 1208 Social Sciences and his email address is kenne365@umn.edu. Both of us are available by appointment. Grading. The final grade will be computed as follows: a midterm, 25%; ten-page paper, 35%; and a final, 40%. I will provide information on the paper as we get closer to the midpoint in the semester. Readings. There is a fair bit of reading in this course and you are expected to do it all - and 1
before you come to class. There are three required texts, which are available at the university bookstore. Clive Archer. 2001. International Organizations, 3rd edition. Routledge. Michael Barnett and Martha Finnemore. 2004. Rules for the World: International Organizations in World Politics, Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Michael Byers. War Law: Understanding International Law and Armed Conflict, NY: Grove Press. In addition, there are articles, essays, and book chapters, all of which are available on WebCT. SCHEDULE September 5 Introduction Section I: Global Order September 7 Global Governance September 12 Empires Klaus Dingwerth and Phillip Pattberg. 2006. Global Governance as a Perspective on World Politics, Global Governance, 12, 2, April-June, 185-204. Charles Maier. 2006. Among Empires. Harvard University Press, pp. 19-78. September 14 International Order: Society of States Robert Jackson and Georg Sorenson. 1999. International Society, in their Introduction to International Relations (NY: Oxford University Press), 135-74. September 19 International Order: Institutions of International Society September 21 World Society Chris Brown. 1995. International Political Theory and the Idea of World Society, in Ken Booth and Steven Smith, eds., International Relations Theory Today, Penn State Press, 90-109. Mary Kaldor. 2003. Global Civil Society, in David Held and Andrew McGrew, eds., Global Transformations Reader, Polity Press, 559-64. September 26 International Organizations: What are They? Where Did They Come From? Archer: chaps. 1 & 2. 2
September 28 Power and the Design of International Organizations Margaret Karms and Karen Mingst. 2004. Realism, in their International Organizations: The Politics and Processes of Global Governance, Boulder: Lynn Reinner Publishers, 45-50. Archer: pages 112-26, 152-64 October 3 Do International Organizations Make a Difference? Part I Archer: chap. 3 & 127-52. Lisa Martin and Robert Keohane, The Promise of Institutional Theory, International Security, Summer, 1995. October 5 Do International Organizations Make a Difference? Part II Barnett and Finnemore: chaps 1 & 2. Archer: 164-73. Section II: International Organizations, Global Order, and Regulating Violence October 10 The Theory and Early Practice of Collective Security Charles Kupchan and Clifford Kupchan. 1991. "Concerts, Collective Security, and the Future of Europe," International Security 16, Summer: 114-161. October 12 United Nations Byers: chap. 1. October 17 When Can States Use Force? Byers: chaps. 1-4. Sven Gareis and Johannes Varwick. 2005. The Core of the United Nations: Collective Security, in their The United Nations: An Introduction, NY: Palgrave, 58-89. October 19 United Nations Peacekeeping Gerald Helman and Steven Ratner, Saving Failed States, Foreign Policy, 89 (Winter, 92/93), pp. 3-20. October 24 Midterm Section III: Humanitarianism 3
October 26 Humanitarianism: What is the Humanitarian Ideal? James Orbinski. 1999. Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech, Oslo, Norway, December 10. October 31 Laws of War Michael Ignatieff. 1997. The Warrior s Honor, in his The Warrior s Honor: Ethnic War and the Modern Conscience (New York: Owl Books), 109-64. Byers: chaps. 10 & 11. November 2 UNHCR, I Barnett and Finnemore: Chapter 4. November 4 November 9 UNHCR, II Humanitarian Intervention: Is it Possible? Desirable? Byers: Part Three. November 11 Inhumane nonintervention: Rwanda Barnett and Finnemore: Chapter 5. November 13 International Criminal Court Byers: chap. 12. Kenneth Rodman. 2006. Compromising Justice: Why the Bush Administration and the NGOs are Both Wrong About the ICC, Ethics and International Affairs, 20, 1, 25-53 November 18 Peacebuilding Roland Paris, International Peacebuilding and the `Mission Civilisatrice, Review of International Studies, 28, 2002, 637-56. Stuart Eizenstadt, John Porter and Jeremy Weinstein. 2005. Rebuilding Weak States, Foreign Affairs, January/February, Section IV: Global Governance and International Order after September 11 November 21 An American Empire? Eliot Cohen. 2004. History and Hyperpower, Foreign Affairs, July/August. 4
Jack Snyder. 2006. Myths of Empire and Strategies of Hegemony, in Craig Calhoun, Frederick Cooper, and Kevin Moore, eds., Lessons of Empire: Imperial Histories and American Power, NY: New Press, 269-82. Tony Judt. 2004. Dreams of Empire. New York Review of Books, 51, 17, November 4. November 23 November 28 Thanksgiving Use of Force Byers: chaps. 4-5. President George Bush. 2002. The National Security Strategy of the United States of America. http://www.whitehouse.gov/nsc/nss.html November 30 Afghanistan and Iraq: Where Empire Meets Humanitarianism? Daniel Kofman. 2005. Moral Arguments, Sovereignty, Feasibility, Agency, and Consequences, in T. Cushman, ed., A Matter of Principle? Humanitarian Arguments for War in Iraq, Berkeley: University of California Press, 125-46. Norman Geras. 2005. Pages from a Daily Journal of Argument, in T. Cushman, ed., A Matter of Principle? Humanitarian Arguments for War in Iraq, Berkeley: University of California Press, 191-206. Antonio Donini. 2004. Principles, Politics, and Pragmatism in the International Response to the Afghan Crisis, in A. Donini, N. Niland, and K. Wermester, eds., Nation-Building Unraveled? Aid, Peace, and Justice in Afghanistan (Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian Press), 117-42. December 5 What is the Future of Multilateralism? Thomas Franck. 2006. The Power of Legitimacy of Legitimacy of Power in an Age of Disequilibrium, American Journal of International Law, 100, 1, 88-106. G. John Ikenberry. 2003. Is American Multilateralism in Decline? Perspectives on Politics, 1, 3, Fall, 533-50. Papers are due. December 7 UN Reform? Anne Marie Slaughter. 2005. Security, Solidarity, and Sovereignty, American Journal of International Law, 99, July, Ed Luck. 2005. How Not to Reform the United Nations, Global Governance, Ed Luck. 2006. Does UN Reform Still Matter? Keynote Address to ACUNS Annual Dinner, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 9, 2006. 5
December 12 What is the Future International Order? Barnett and Finnemore: Chapter Six. B.S. Chimni. 2004. International Institutions Today: An Imperial Global State in the Making, European Journal of International Law, 15, 1, pp. 1-37. 6