Global Views on Gender Equality Richard Wike Colloquium on Global Diversity: Creating a Level Playing Field for Women March 3, 2011
Pew Global Attitudes Project Project of the Pew Research Center Funded largely by the Pew Charitable Trusts Non-profit, non-partisan Survey topics: U.S. image, views toward major powers, globalization, terrorism, democracy, gender issues, country conditions, life satisfaction Since 2002, we have surveyed more than 240,000 people in 57 countries www.pewglobal.org
Overview Support for equal rights Assessments of gender equality Gender gaps Links between public opinion & objective measures
Over 24,000 Interviews in United States 1,002 China* 3,262 India* 2,254 Britain 750 Indonesia 1,000 France 752 Japan 700 Germany 750 Pakistan* 2,000 Spain 755 South Korea 706 Poland 750 Argentina 803 Russia 1,001 Brazil 1,000 Mexico 1,300 Turkey 1,003 Kenya 1,002 Egypt 1,000 Nigeria 1,000 Jordan 1,000 Lebanon 1,000 Total 24,790 Survey conducted April 7 May 8, 2010. *Countries where samples are disproportionately urban.
Global Views on Gender Equality Support for Equal Rights
Should Women Have Equal Rights With Men? 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 17 27 35 31 32 54 99 99 96 95 95 95 95 93 92 89 89 85 79 73 64 61 60 45 France Spain U.S. Britain Argentina Germany Mexico Poland China Lebanon Brazil S. Korea India Turkey Japan Russia Pakistan Kenya Indonesia Jordan Egypt Nigeria Should Should not
Should Women Have Equal Rights With Men? % Yes Men % Egypt 45 Nigeria 35 Kenya 63 Indonesia 55 Jordan 54 Pakistan 72 Women % 76 56 83 74 69 86 Gap +31 +21 +20 +19 +15 +14 Only countries with a double-digit gender gap shown.
University Education More Important for Boy Than for Girl India Pakistan Egypt China Jordan Japan Poland Nigeria Indonesia S. Korea Turkey Russia Kenya Germany U.S. Mexico France Brazil Argentina Britain Spain Lebanon Disagree 32 39 47 50 54 64 58 66 71 69 69 73 77 83 83 84 87 87 88 87 93 Agree 63 51 50 48 44 35 34 34 28 27 25 22 22 16 15 14 14 11 10 9 7 4
Women Should Be Able to Work Outside the Home U.S. Britain France Germany Spain China Lebanon S. Korea Brazil Russia Turkey India Japan Poland Mexico Indonesia Argentina Kenya Nigeria Pakistan Egypt Jordan Disagree 2 2 3 3 2 3 4 3 5 4 4 4 5 7 8 12 11 12 16 29 38 40 Agree 96 96 96 95 95 95 94 92 90 88 87 87 84 69 61 58
What Kind of Marriage Is More Satisfying? Lebanon Spain France Germany Brazil Kenya China Mexico Russia Turkey Britain U.S. Japan Poland Argentina S. Korea Nigeria India Indonesia Egypt Jordan Pakistan Husband works/wife does not 8 7 9 12 15 18 21 21 25 25 22 25 27 28 30 33 38 37 43 38 40 79 Both husband and wife have jobs 92 91 91 85 84 81 78 76 74 72 71 71 68 68 67 65 61 60 56 48 47 18
What Kind of Marriage Is More Satisfying? % saying both have jobs 2010 1991 France Spain 64 67 91 91 Germany 58 85 Russia 47 74 Britain 64 71 Poland 41 68
When Jobs Are Scarce, Men Should Have More Right to a Job India Pakistan Nigeria Egypt Indonesia China Jordan Turkey S. Korea Lebanon Russia Kenya Poland Argentina Japan Brazil Mexico France Germany U.S. Britain Spain Disagree 16 14 21 20 27 26 30 30 39 49 49 53 51 56 58 63 69 80 80 85 85 87 Agree 84 82 77 75 74 73 68 67 60 51 47 46 44 43 41 37 28 20 19 14 12 12
% When jobs are scarce men should have more right to a job GDP & Views on Gender Issues 100 90 80 Nigeria Indonesia 70 60 India Pakistan Egypt China Jordan Turkey South Korea 47,400 U.S. 34,392 33,910 Asia 18,673 14,543 14,056 1,817 Africa Western Europe Eastern Europe Middle East Latin America 50 40 Kenya Argentina Brazil Lebanon Russia Poland Japan 30 Mexico 20 10 France Germany Spain Britain U.S. 0 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 2010 GDP per capita
% When jobs are scarce men should have more right to a job Gender Index & Views on Gender Issues 100 90 80 70 Pakistan Turkey Egypt India Jordan Nigeria Indonesia China 60 South Korea 50 40 Japan Kenya Brazil Russia Poland Argentina 30 Mexico 20 10 France U.S. Spain Britain Germany 0.5.6.7.8 Gender Gap Index
Global Views on Gender Equality Assessing Gender Equality
More Changes Needed for Equal Rights? Japan Brazil France Spain Kenya Argentina Mexico S. Korea Nigeria Britain Turkey U.S. Germany Pakistan Egypt Poland Russia Lebanon China India Indonesia Jordan Most changes made 8 15 18 18 22 23 26 27 29 29 32 33 37 34 36 42 43 47 53 57 58 61 More changes needed 89 84 82 80 77 73 73 71 70 69 64 64 63 60 59 56 51 51 46 41 41 37 Asked among those who think women should have equal rights.
Who Has a Better Life? (Vol) Men Women Same DK % % % % U.S. 39 23 24 15 Britain 39 16 36 9 France 75 14 9 2 Germany 49 15 27 9 Spain 45 16 33 5 Poland 55 15 25 6 Russia 29 14 52 5 Turkey 33 27 38 2 Egypt 32 16 46 7 Jordan 28 23 47 2 Lebanon 18 34 47 1
Who Has a Better Life? Men Women (Vol) Same DK % % % % China 22 24 49 6 India 40 33 26 2 Indonesia 29 15 55 1 Japan 29 47 20 5 Pakistan 37 16 42 6 S. Korea 26 49 23 3 Argentina 27 21 46 6 Brazil 42 30 27 1 Mexico 27 14 56 3 Kenya 36 28 34 2 Nigeria 46 25 26 3
Gender Gap on Perceptions of Who Has a Better Life % Who say men have a better life Men % Turkey 19 Spain 33 Brazil 32 Kenya 28 Poland 47 Russia 21 Jordan 20 Argentina 20 U.S. 32 Britain 33 France 69 Egypt 27 S. Korea 21 Only countries with a double-digit gender gap shown. Women % 46 57 51 45 62 36 35 34 45 45 80 37 31 Gap % +27 +24 +19 +17 +15 +15 +15 +14 +13 +12 +11 +10 +10
Men Get Better Job Opportunities? 14 14 14 19 20 25 27 28 29 31 33 29 35 29 39 40 37 53 54 55 49 70 84 83 83 80 80 73 70 70 68 68 66 64 62 60 60 58 52 46 44 43 39 29 Germany Poland India Japan France China Britain S. Korea U. S. Spain Brazil Russia Nigeria Pakistan Kenya Argentina Turkey Indonesia Egypt Mexico Jordan Lebanon Agree Disagree
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