Bulletin 41-42 Summer OFFICIAL LANGUAGES - COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND LINGUISTIC DUALITY IMPLEMENTATION OF SECTIONS 41 AND 42 OF THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGES ACT 2003 Action Plan for Official Languages Vol. 9, No. 2 Info-Culture.................. 2 First edition of the Prix Montfort................ 3 Action Plan for Official Languages.......... 4 2001 Census................. 7 Meeting of National Coordinators in Regina, Saskatchewan................10 In brief.....................14 Regional Initiatives............15 PAGE 12 www.canadianheritage.gc.ca/ipolc The Honourable Stéphane Dion and the Right Honourable Jean Chrétien The Action Plan renews momentum for official languages March 12, 2003, was a very important date for official-language minority communities, the date when the much anticipated action plan was officially presented, providing considerable reinvestment. Before a select audience, Prime Minister Jean Chrétien unveiled the Government of Canada s Action Plan for Official Languages, The Next Act: New Momentum for Canada s Linguistic Duality. Integrated plan with coordinated action The Action Plan is the result of two years of intensive consultation led by the Honourable Stéphane Dion, President of the Privy Council and Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs. Mr Dion travelled the country to hear from the communities and to take note of the realities in the provinces, territories and regions. With his fellow ministers involved in official languages issues, he then developed an integrated plan designed to incorporate linguistic duality into the fundamental sectors of Canadian society. The Action Plan provides for a total investment of $751.3 million over five years. It includes an accountability framework, which clarifies and assigns responsibilities to the departments and agencies and enhances their coordination (see page 4). Its direction and financial commitments focus on three areas: education, community development and the federal public service (see page 6). It is now time for action In this age of globalization, Canada has a competitive advantage by virtue of its two official languages, which are among the most vibrant of international languages. The Action Plan places this special asset at the centre of action by the Government of Canada s departments and agencies, setting out specific objectives and providing the corresponding resources. The Honourable Sheila Copps announcing new funds in education As Minister Dion concluded when the plan was unveiled, it is now up to individuals, communities and institutions to write the next act in the fascinating adventure of our bilingual country.
Vol. 9, No. 2 INFO-CULTURE INFO-CULTURE INFO-CULTURE INFO-CULTURE INFO-CULTURE FOUNDING SYMPOSIUM OF THE ASSOCIATION DES GROUPES EN ARTS VISUELS FRANCOPHONES At a symposium held on April 10, 11 and 12, 2003, at the National Gallery of Canada, the Association des groupes en arts visuels francophones (AGAVF) was officially founded. Visual artists from Francophone minority communities throughout the country gathered for the first time and formed an association, the AGAVF, to provide political representation. Officially founded on April 12, 2003, the association already had a number of accomplishments to its credit, including Échangeur, the nationwide artist residency program. Since 1998, Francophone stakeholders in Canada s visual arts sector have worked through the AGAVF to improve the creation and presentation conditions for Francophone artists from minority communities in Canada. The AGAVF includes university galleries, artists centres, artists associations and arts events from the French-Canadian visual arts sector. Its members include the Galerie sans Nom, in Moncton, New Brunswick, the Association acadienne des artistes professionnel.le.s du Nouveau-Brunswick, the Bureau des regroupements des artistes visuels de l Ontario, the Galerie du Nouvel Ontario, the Glendon College Gallery, in Ontario, the Galerie du Centre culturel francomanitobain and La Maison des artistes visuels, in Winnipeg. Under the leadership of Lisa Fitzgibbons, the AGAVF official who organized the symposium, the event provided an opportunity for about eighty participants to examine various important topics, such as their role in society, the exposition and presentation of their works, commissions, promotion and federal government financial assistance. A number of issues were identified. These include the need to support commissions and publication initiatives and the need for artists to discuss their projects, accomplishments and aspirations. The participants also used the forum to present their views to government officials in attendance. At this event, the Association formed its first board of directors. Under the chairmanship of Marc Audette, photographer and representative of the Glendon College Gallery, in Toronto, members were elected who reflected the country s geographic diversity. At this founding event, AGAVF members had the opportunity to state their needs and expectations and to set out the strategic priorities for their Association. This symposium was made possible with the help of the Association s many loyal supporters, including the Fédération culturelle canadienne-française, the Canada Council for the Arts, and the Department of Canadian Heritage (Arts Policy, Official Languages Support Programs and Museums Assistance Program), which Ms. Fitzgibbons thanked. Finally, the AGAVF cordially thanked the National Gallery of Canada and its Director, Pierre Théberge, for graciously accommodating the AGAVF, its members and guests for this first symposium. What an auspicious and inspiring venue for the eighty or so people in attendance! BULLETIN 41-42 Published every four months by the Interdepartmental Coordination Directorate of the Department of Canadian Heritage, the Bulletin 41-42 takes its name from sections 41 and 42 of the Official Languages Act, wherein the government undertakes to enhance the vitality of Canada s Francophone and Anglophone minorities. The Bulletin is intended for members of these communities, public servants, and others interested in the official languages field; its purpose is to facilitate the circulation of information among the various stakeholders in interdepartmental coordination, both within the communities and within federal departments and agencies. We will be pleased to receive your comments and observations. Coordination: Marjolaine Guillemette and Marjorie Rémy Tel.: (819) 994-3509 Fax: (819) 953-3942 Editing: Pierre Goulet and Mariam Adshead E-mail: marjolaine_guillemette@pch.gc.ca Texts may be reproduced with attribution. Copyright National Library of Canada ISSN 1480-7289 Don t miss the Fall issue. 2 41-42
Summer 2003 FIRST EDITION OF THE PRIX MONTFORT Sheila Copps, surrounded by Prix Montfort recipients The very first Gala des Prix Montfort was held on March 20, 2003, highlighting the accomplishments of Francophones from minority communities. The event also focuses on the achievements of individuals, groups and organizations that have contributed to closer ties, rallying and promoting the Francophonie in Canada and internationally. Minister of Canadian Heritage Sheila Copps attended the event, stating that the Gala des Prix Montfort will from now on be an opportunity for all Francophone communities across the country to take stock of their successes and pay tribute to the excellent work by individuals or groups that have achieved great things for Francophone communities in Canada. The competition includes twelve categories for which awards will be presented annually, with sponsorship from various Government of Canada departments and agencies. The selection committee for 2003 was chaired by the Honourable Antonio Lamer, former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Here are the very first recipients of the Prix Montfort awards: Performing Arts, sponsored by the National Capital Commission: Rosemarie Landry, singer. Visual Arts, sponsored by the Prix Montfort: Joe Fafard, sculptor from Saskatchewan. Literature, sponsored by Canada Post: Antonine Maillet, author. Youth, sponsored by VIA Rail Canada: Philippe Pépin who, at the age of 26, runs the family business, Givic Construction, in Niagara Falls. Communication / New Technologies, sponsored by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation: Charles Laflèche, a creator of technological solutions. Health, sponsored by the Montfort Hospital: Aurel Schofield, physician, educator, administrator and researcher. Science, sponsored by the Canadian Museum of Civilization: Marc Garneau, astronaut. Recipient of the Montfort of the Year, Brian Murphy, Mayor of Moncton, with Sheila Copps Rapprochement, sponsored by the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation: ex aequo, the Festival du Voyageur,a jewel of French-Canadian tourism, and the Organizing Committee of the 2002 Jeux de la francophonie canadienne. Cultural Diversity, sponsored by the National Film Board: Corneille, author, composer and performer of Rwandan origin. Event of the Year, sponsored by the Canadian Tourism Commission: the Festival Juste pour rire. Francophone Influence in the World, sponsored by the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade: the Cirque du Soleil. Montfort of the Year, sponsored by the Department of Canadian Heritage: the City of Moncton, the first city in Canada to declare itself officially bilingual. 41-42 3
Vol. 9, No. 2 ACTION PLAN FOR OFFICIAL LANGUAGES The Action Plan: an integrated plan It was by analyzing the demographic situation, the most effective programs and activities, and community needs with his usual attention to detail that the Honourable Stéphane Dion went about developing the Action Plan for Official Languages. The result is a solid plan, seeking to make linguistic duality part of the very foundations of Canadian society. His plan sets out the role of the Government of Canada and seeks to involve all federal departments as a team to optimize the benefits for the people of Canada. It should be noted first of all that the plan and its accountability framework do not in any way affect the current obligations and commitments of federal institutions, nor the specific roles conferred on certain key departments and agencies under the Official Languages Act (OLA). Thus Canadian Heritage is still responsible for helping to coordinate the implementation of the Government of Canada s commitment to enhancing the vitality of English and French linguistic minority communities and supporting and assisting their development (Part VII of the OLA). The Department plays this role in consultation with other federal departments and agencies, other orders of government and various organizations representing the main sectors of Canadian society. Similarly, the 29 key departments and agencies included in the 1994 accountability framework with regard 4 41-42 to Part VII of the OLA retain their key roles. For its part, Treasury Board retains its general role of coordinating the obligation to serve the public in both official languages (Part IV of the OLA), to uphold the right of public servants to work in either official language (Part V) and to ensure the equitable representation of Englishspeaking and French-speaking Canadians in the workforce of federal institutions (Part VI). The current obligations and commitments of federal institutions and the specific roles assigned by the OLA to certain lead ministers and bodies remain unchanged. Similarly, the Department of Justice will continue to guide the government in the interpretation of language rights, to formulate the government s Accountability and coordination framework position in disputes and to perform specific duties relating to the drafting of legislation and access to justice in both official languages (Parts II and III). Obligations of all federal institutions All federal institutions are required to analyze the impact of proposals set out in memoranda to Cabinet on the language rights of the public and of federal public servants, and on the promotion of English and French. The aim is to ensure that the official languages remain a daily priority in the design and implementation of public policy and government programs. Section 17 of the accountability framework clearly describes the steps to be taken by each federal institution in its strategic planning and in carrying out its official- The main pillar of the Action Plan is without question the accountability and coordination framework applicable to all federal departments and agencies. This framework reiterates the existing obligations of federal institutions and adds some new ones. It also provides for horizontal coordination centred around the Minister responsible for official languages and the Committee of Deputy Ministers on Official Languages, whose role is also strengthened. It advocates the sharing of the research tools and evaluation measures used by institutions, and provides for overall evaluation halfway through and at the end of the implementation period. The amounts allocated for the accountability and coordination framework are as follows: Privy Council Office, Intergovernmental Affairs: $13.5 million; Justice Canada: $2.5 million.
Summer 2003 languages mandate. Federal institutions must raise their employees awareness of the needs of the communities; determine whether their policies and programs have an impact on linguistic duality and the development of the communities; consult interested members of the public, including officiallanguage minority communities; be able to describe the steps used in so doing, plan their activities accordingly and present the expected results. All federal institutions must also be sure to analyze, for every presentation to Treasury Board, the impact on official-language minority communities. They are required to consider the impact of various methods of service delivery on the official languages and to consult the communities when changes in service delivery methods might affect community development. Finally, space or time purchased in the media must include the media outlets serving the Anglophone or Francophone minority. Obligations of institutions included in the 1994 Accountability Framework These twenty-nine institutions must develop an action plan for the implementation of section 41 (Part VII) of the OLA, in keeping with the specific needs of official-language minority communities. These plans will be developed on the basis of consultations with the communities in order to allow departments and agencies to consider them in planning their activities within the scope of their mandate. Role of Canadian Heritage As stated in the introduction, the Department will continue to play its interdepartmental coordination role for the implementation of section 41 ALL federal institutions are required to analyze the impact of their proposals on the language rights of Canadian and federal public servants, and on the promotion of English and French. (Part VII) of the OLA and will therefore oversee the twenty-nine institutions included in the Accountability Framework. It may also recommend that other institutions be added to this list, in keeping with any new needs expressed by the communities. It creates incentives such as the Interdepartmental Partnership with the Official-Language Communities (IPOLC), and encourages the sharing of best practices among institutions. It is responsible for making public servants aware of the need to consult the communities when policies and programs are first being developed. Finally, the Department must take such measures it deems necessary to advance the equality of status and use of English and French in Canadian society and present an annual report to Parliament on matters relating to its official-languages mandate. Role of Treasury Board The role of Treasury Board is to ensure that the guiding principles relating to official languages are upheld in the activities of federal institutions; to foster official-language minority community access to the Treasury Board Secretariat official languages networks; and to support the efforts of federal regional councils to improve service delivery in both official languages or to foster the long-term development of minority communities. It encourages departments to consider section 41 of the OLA in the planning and implementation of their activities and works with the Department of Canadian Heritage in supporting Part VII of this Act. 41-42 5
Vol. 9, No. 2 ACTION PLAN FOR OFFICIAL LANGUAGES Overview of funding allocated to certain departments The Action Plan revolves around three major axes: education, community development and the federal public service. A number of departments are directly affected and will receive significant funding over the next five years in order to attain objectives in these three areas. Education Canadian Heritage is the only department affected in this regard. Education is the cornerstone of Canada s future linguistic duality because it directly relates to young people in several ways. An additionnal funding of $209 million over five years will be provided for education in the English or French minority languages. The minister of the Canadian Heritage, Sheila Copps, made an announcement in this regard on March 13, 2003, before students at the Collège Louis-Riel in Winnipeg. As Ms. Copps stated, the government would like to intensify its efforts so that the Francophone and Anglophone minority youth receive an education matching their talents and their ambitions. Second-language instruction will receive an additionnal $137 million, with the objective of doubling the number of high school graduates with a working knowledge of their second official language. Within the framework of the French for the Future conference, Ms. Copps announced this significant investment on April 8, 2003. More than 3 000 young Francophones and francophiles took part in this event from 15 Canadian cities connected by videoconference. Beyond the classroom, the Summer Language Bursary Program and the Official-Language Monitor Program will receive $24 million and $11.5 million, respectively. Community Development Health Canada will receive $119 million in funding for initiatives that have been much anticipated by the communities. The objective is to make minority-language health services more accessible, for both Anglophones and Francophones. This funding will be used, in particular, for the creation, via networking, of coordination units in each province and territory; for human resources training and recruitment; and for the adaptation of primary health services. Human Resources Development Canada will receive $22 million in funding for new initiatives for early childhood development and literacy. The government also intends to help national organizations enhance their ability to share their knowledge of early childhood development and promote the interests of official-language minority communities.this Department will also receive $7.3 million in funding to offer internships in business management, engineering, business administration, information technology or as research assistants at colleges and universities. Industry Canada will receive $33 million to increase communities ability to participate in the knowledge-based economy, in particular through projects funded under the Francommunautés virtuelles program, business internships such as those offered by Human Resources Development Canada, and by improving access to existing economic development programs and setting up the technological infrastructure required to provide services and training online.this Department will also allocate $20 million to language industries. Citizenship and Immigration will earmark $9 million for pilot projects designed to promote immigration to Francophone communities outside Quebec and to foster the integration of these immigrants. Justice Canada will receive $45.5 million to fulfill the Government of Canada s legal obligations relating to official languages and to foster access to justice in both official languages. Canadian Heritage will receive a further $19 million in funding to support community life in official-language minority communities and $14.5 million to strengthen intergovernmental cooperation or partnerships with the provinces and territories. Federal Public Service Treasury Board Secretariat will receive $64.6 million in funding to restore the official languages as a priority and to change the organizational culture of the public service; to invest in innovation in order to foster more effective management of official languages, change in organizational culture, new methods of service delivery and language learning in the workplace.the Plan also advocates strengthening the expertise and monitoring abilities of federal institutions, as well as the reconstruction of bilingualism in the public service through recruitment and language training at an early stage in the career path. For more information, consult the Web site at www.pco-bcp.gc.ca/aia. 6 41-42
Summer 2003 2001 Census A look at Official-Language Minorities in Canada by Sylvain Delisle Statistics Canada In December 2002 and February 2003, Statistics Canada released statistics relating to language variables from the May 15, 2001, census. Every five years, statistics about knowledge of official languages, mother tongue, language spoken at home, as well as first official language spoken, are published. In particular, these statistics paint a statistical portrait of official-language minorities. The 2001 Census offers the opportunity to enrich the analysis by obtaining new statistics on the languages spoken regularly at home as well as those that are used most often or on a regular basis at work. The purpose of this article is to present some highlights from the last census concerning official-language minorities in the country. Francophones outside Quebec While more numerous, their relative proportion continues to decline In 2001, the number of people whose mother tongue was French reached 980,270, compared to 976,415 in 1991, or an increase of 3,855 individuals. This is not enough, however, to reverse the downward trend of the proportion of Francophones in the overall population. In fact, people Table 1 Estimate and growth rate of the French-language minority outside Quebec, Provinces, territories and Canada less Quebec, 1991, 1996 and 2001 1991 1996 2001 Growth rate Number % Number % Number % 1991-1996 1996-2001 Canada 6 562 060 24.3 6 711 630 23.5 6 782 320 22.9 2.3 1.1 Newfoundland and Labrador 2 855 0.5 2 430 0.4 2 360 0.5-14.8-3.1 Prince Edward Island 5 750 4.5 5 715 4.3 5 890 4.4-0.6 3.1 Nova Scotia 37 525 4.2 36 310 4.0 35 380 3.9-3.2-2.6 New Brunswick 243 690 34.0 242 410 33.2 239 400 33.2-0.8-1.3 Ontario 503 345 5.0 499 687 4.7 509 265 4.5-0.7 1.9 Manitoba 50 780 4.7 49 110 4.5 45 920 4.2-3.3-6.5 Saskatchewan 21 800 2.2 19 895 2.0 18 645 1.9-8.7-6.3 Alberta 56 730 2.3 55 290 2.1 62 240 2.1-2.5 12.6 British Columbia 51 590 1.6 56 755 1.5 58 891 1.5 10.0 3.8 Yukon 905 3.3 1 170 3.8 945 3.3 29.6-19.5 Northwest Territories 1455* 2.5* 1 005 2.5 1 000 2.7-0.5 Nunavut 415 1.7 400 1.5-2.8 Canada less Quebec 976 415 4.8 970 200 4.5 980 270 4.4-0.6 1.0 Note: Multiple responses were divided among reported languages. * The 1991 estimate for the Northwest Territories has not been adjusted to the new boundaries following the creation of Nunavut. Sources: Statistics Canada, 1991, 1996 and 2001 Census of Canada 41-42 7
Vol. 9, No. 2 whose mother tongue is French represented 4.4% of the population in 2001, down from 4.5% in 1996 and 4.8% in 1991. Outside Quebec, between 1996 and 2001, there was an increase in the number of Francophones in four provinces: Prince Edward Island, Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia. This growth is mainly due to the migration of Francophones from Quebec. Only Prince Edward Island has shown a slight growth in the proportion of Francophones in its population, going from 4.3% to 4.4% between 1996 and 2001. The proportion of Francophones in Ontario decreased, going from 4.7% to 4.5%, while their proportions in Alberta and British Columbia remained stable at 2.1% and 1.5%, respectively. From 1996 to 2001, the largest decline among the provinces occurred in Manitoba, where the number of Francophones fell 6.5%, to just over 45,900. This slowdown is attributed to a decline in the number of Francophone children under the age of five and the consequences of an aging population on the number of deaths. The proportion of persons aged 65 and older in Manitoba s Francophone population rose from 18.0% in 1996 to 19.8% in 2001. In New Brunswick, the number of Francophones fell by just over 3,000 to 239,400 (-1.3%). This decrease was of the same order as in the overall population (-1.4%). In 2001, Francophones made up one-third (33.2%) of New Brunswick s population, unchanged from 1996. French is present in the home but English continues to gain ground Among the 941,570 Francophones outside Quebec with a single mother tongue, French is spoken at least regularly by 77%; most often by 62%, while 15% state that they speak French on a regular basis. English most often at home, up from the 36.5% and 35.1% recorded in the 1996 and 1991 censuses, respectively. Nonetheless, we note that by excluding Francophones in New Brunswick, who much less frequently use English most Table 2 Proportion of Francophones who speak English most often at home and proportion of those who also speak French regularly at home, Provinces, territories and Canada less Quebec, 2001 Francophones speaking English most often at home (per cent) Francophones speaking English most often at home who also speak French regularly (per cent) Newfoundland and Labrador 63.6 30.6 Prince Edward Island 53.1 35.4 Nova Scotia 45.6 40.7 New Brunswick 10.5 48.4 Ontario 40.3 42.7 Manitoba 54.7 37.4 Saskatchewan 74.6 28.6 Alberta 67.7 32.1 British Columbia 72.7 29.9 Yukon 56.2 33.9 Northwest Territories 62.7 38.3 Nunavut 47.6 36.2 Canada less Quebec 38.1 39.4 Source: Statistics Canada, 2001 Census of Canada often at home (10.5% in 2001), this proportion stands at 47.4% in 2001. In Ontario, it was 40.3%, compared to 67.7% and 72.7% for Alberta and British Columbia, respectively. The addition of the question on languages spoken regularly at home allows us to form a more nuanced picture of the use of French. In fact, 39.4% of Francophones outside Quebec who indicated that they spoke English most often at home nonetheless spoke French on a regular basis, a proportion that stood at 48.4% in New Brunswick, 42.7% in Ontario and 32.1% in Alberta. Only Francophones in Saskatchewan and British Columbia posted a rate under 30%, at 28.6% and 29.9%, respectively. Since the rate of bilingualism is relatively low among Anglophones outside Quebec (7.1% in 2001), English is most often the language of communication in exogamous couples (French-English); this partially explains the use of English in the home. In 2001, 38.1% of Francophones used The French mother-tongue minority must cope with a low fertility rate among women; however, the situation with regard to the transmission of French to children under 15 years of age as the mother tongue is slightly improved. In fact, 22% of children of exogamous 8 41-42
Summer 2003 couples had French as their mother tongue in 2001, compared to 21% in 1996 and 18% in 1991. Migration s contribution With regard to the migration of Francophones between Quebec and the other provinces in Canada, the balance tends to vary from one census to the next. Between 1996 and 2001, provinces other than Quebec recorded a gain of 8,900 Francophones overall in their exchanges with Quebec. On the other hand, during the two previous five-year periods, they recorded net losses of 1,200 and 5,400 Francophones respectively. Ontario s Francophone population recorded a net gain from other provinces and territories of 7,700 between 1996 to 2001, following a net outflow of 6,000 during the previous five years. The net gain of 5,600 Francophones in Alberta contrasts with the much smaller gain of 400 observed from 1991 to 1996. On the other hand, British Columbia posted a much smaller net gain of 1,000 Francophones from 1996 to 2001 than the gain of 6,200 recorded in the previous five years. International immigration s contribution to the French-language minority is rather marginal. In 2001, 51,995 immigrants living outside Quebec had French as their mother tongue, or 5.3% of all Francophones. Moreover, 8,600 of them (16.5%) had arrived between 1996 and 2001. Francophone immigrants represented 1% of all immigrants who settled outside Quebec during this period. Increase in French speakers outside Quebec The number of people outside of Quebec able to conduct a conversation in French rose to 2,438,970 in 2001, an increase of 5.7% in relation to 1996 and 14.1% compared with 1991. The proportion of bilingual Anglophones went from 6.3% in 1991 to a little more than 7.1% in 2001. Nonetheless, a decrease is noted during the last five years in the proportion of young Anglophones between 15 and 19 years of age able to conduct a conversation in French, from 16.3% in 1996 to 14.7% in 2001. For their part, 263,835 allophones were able to conduct a conversation in French in 2001, an increase of 22.3% compared to 1996 and 42.1% from 1991. Thus, the proportion of allophones who know French was 5.9% in 2001, compared to 5.5% in 1996 and 5.4% in 1991. Incidentally, the proportion of bilingual Francophones outside Quebec was 85.1% in 2001, up from 83.8% in 1996 and 81.2% in 1991. Strong use of French in their work The addition in 2001 of a question concerning the use of languages at work allows the measurement of language use in the public domain for the first time within the Census. Nearly 70% of Francophone workers reported that they use French at least on a regular basis at work (40% most often and 27% regularly). This proportion stood at 92% (76% most often and 16% regularly) in New Brunswick and 69% (35% most often and 34% regularly) in Ontario. The use of French was lower in Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, where about 30% of Francophone workers used it. The value of statistics on language of work is made clear when we consider the fact that 29% (8% most often and 21% regularly) of the Francophone workers who did not indicate that they speak French at home nonetheless mentioned using it at least regularly at work. This supports the idea that vitality of the French language does not rely only on its use in the home. Anglophones in Quebec Community and relative proportion still declining In the 2001 Census, 591,365 people in Quebec had English as their mother tongue. After having experienced a slight decrease of about 1% between the 1991 and 1996 censuses, this group experienced a 5% decrease during the last five-year period. This decrease in absolute numbers also translated into a decrease in the relative proportion of Anglophones in Quebec s population. In fact, they represented 8.3% of the population in 2001, while their proportion was 8.8% in 1996 and 9.2% in 1991. Table 3 Estimate and growth rate of the English-language minority in Quebec, 1991, 1996 and 2001 Number % Growth rate 1991 626 200 9.2 1996 621 860 8.8-0.7 2001 591 365 8.3-4.9 Source: Statistics Canada, 1991, 1996 and 2001 Census of Canada 41-42 9
Vol. 9, No. 2 Strong use of English at home In 2001, 96% of people whose only mother tongue was English stated that they spoke English at home, 90% most often and 6% regularly. A stabilization of the proportion who used English most often at home was observed, since it was also 90% in the last two censuses. Despite this strong use of their mother tongue, 26% of Anglophones spoke French at home at least regularly, 11% most often and 15% on a regular basis. It should be noted that the use of English and French most often at home is over 100%, as nearly 2% stated that they use both languages equally. The English mother-tongue minority in Quebec must also cope with a low fertility rate among women and the decrease in the transmission of English as mother tongue by parents to children under the age of 15 among exogamous couples (English/French and English/non-official). In fact, 43.8% of children of English-French couples had English as their mother tongue in 2001, compared to 46.2% in 1996 and 46.3% in 1991. Among children of English/non-official couples, the proportion went from 89.2% in 1991 to 88.3% in 1996, and to 85.8% in 2001. Moreover, in 2001, English was transmitted to children of couples formed of people with a non-official language as mother tongue at a rate of 12%, compared to 17% for French. Migration s contribution The English mother-tongue minority experienced significant losses from migration, to the benefit of other provinces in the country. Between 1996 and 2001, Quebec recorded a net loss of 29,250 Anglophones. During the previous five-year period, the net loss was 24,500. Nearly seven out of ten Anglophones who left Quebec settled in Ontario. Among the others, about two-thirds migrated towards Alberta and British Columbia. The contribution of international immigration to the English-language minority in Quebec is more significant than to the French-language minority outside Quebec. In 2001, 81,670 people whose mother tongue was English came from other countries, or 14% of all the Anglophones in the province. Among the latter, 8,860 (10.8%) arrived between 1996 and 2001. Anglophone immigrants represented 6.7% of all immigrants who settled in Quebec during the last five years. Increase in English speakers in Quebec The number of persons in Quebec able to conduct a conversation in English rose to 3,234,735, or 45.4% of the population, an increase from the 42.9% (in 1996) and 40.9% (in 1991) recorded in the two previous censuses. Of these, 2,176,415 were Francophones who could converse in English, or 37% of the total number of Francophones, which represents an increase from the 34% and 32% observed in 1996 and 1991, respectively. The rate of bilingualism among Anglophones in Quebec was 66.1% in 2001, compared with 61.7% in 1996 and 58.4% in 1991. English is widely present in the workplace The new question on language of work revealed that over nine out of ten Anglophone workers in Quebec use English at work, 78% most often and 15% regularly. The use of English at work was also fairly widespread among Francophones and allophones. Nearly 30% of Francophone workers used English at least regularly in their jobs (8% most often and 22% regularly), and this proportion reached 73% among allophone workers (50% most often and 23% regularly). In the Montreal Urban Community, where most of the province s Anglophones and allophones live, 52% of Francophones and 76% of allophones stated that they use English at work at least on a regular basis. Conclusion If the 2001 Census confirmed a decrease in the number of Francophones outside Quebec in the total population and the continuation in the increase of English as the language spoken most often at home, the new questions that were included may have allowed some qualification of the situation. In fact, in 2001, nearly four out of ten Francophones outside Quebec who reported that they spoke English most often at home nonetheless indicated that they spoke French on a regular basis. It is also possible to note a rather high use of French at work since nearly seven out of ten Francophone workers used French at least regularly in 2001. The English-language minority in Quebec decreased between 1996 and 2001 following the trend observed in the previous five-year period. This community is nevertheless distinguished by a strong use of English at home, as more than eight out of ten people reported that they speak this language most often at home. 10 41-42
Summer 2003 Moreover, the number of persons who speak English continues to increase in Quebec and stood at just over 45% in 2001. The 2001 Census also revealed that English was very present in the workplace. Nearly nine out of ten Anglophone workers, three out of ten Francophone workers and nearly three-quarters of allophone workers stated that they use English at least regularly at work. How to access Census language data Various documents in the «Analysis» series, which are available without charge on the Statistics Canada Internet site (www.statcan.ca), were released at the same time as the statistics on various subjects addressed by the 2001 Census. Two documents are devoted exclusively to Census language statistics. The first, Profile of languages in Canada: English, French and many others, 2001 Census (catalogue number 96F0030XIE2001005), contains an analysis of the various linguistic variables, such as mother tongue, languages spoken at home as well as knowledge of languages. English and French at Work, 2001 Census (catalogue number 96F0030XIE2001011), contains an analysis of the statistics on the new question dealing with the use of languages at work. The same geographic perspective is used. The Statistics Canada Internet site is a significant source of information regarding language statistics. Under the heading Census, Release data provides Release Highlights and Analysis in the form of tables, Topic-based Tabulations and Community Profiles for each of the release cycles of data from the 2001 Census. Moreover, Canadian Statistics gives access to free tables about mother tongue, language spoken at home and knowledge of official languages for Canada, the provinces and territories as well as for the census metropolitan areas. It is also possible to obtain statistics on mother tongue for the various locations in the country under Community Profiles. Besides an overall view of the situation in Canada, this document contains analyses of the linguistic situation in each of the provinces and territories as well as in the main census metropolitan areas. The second, Use of Meeting of National Coordinators in Regina, Saskatchewan On May 14 and 15, the national and regional coordinators from key federal departments and agencies responsible for implementing section 41 of the Official Languages Act (OLA), came to Regina and met with the Fransaskois community. The purpose of the meeting was to provide better understanding of everyone s roles and find possible solutions for improving the implementation of section 41 of the OLA in federal departments and agencies. The meeting with the community was held at the Institut français of the University of Regina. Anne Scotton, Director General, Official Languages, Privy Council Office, presented the outline of the Government of Canada s Action Plan for Official Languages. Work sessions were then held to give national and regional coordinators and community representatives the opportunity to discuss community issues and challenges. To end this productive meeting on a high note, cocktails and a banquet were served at the Carrefour des plaines, Regina s Francophone school and community centre. The meeting highlighted the importance of bringing officiallanguage minority communities and the Government of Canada closer together in order to work together and achieve shared objectives. 41-42 11
INTERDEPARTMENTAL PARTNERSHIP WITH THE OFFICIAL-LANGUAGE COMMUNITIES Bumper crop for the IPOLC The Interdepartmental Partnership with the OfficialLanguage Communities (IPOLC) is a Department of Canadian Heritage (PCH) initiative launched in June 2000. Its aim is to create and strengthen lasting relationships between the officiallanguage minority communities and federal institutions. The initiative, with a budget of $5.5 million a year for five years, provides complementary funding to the contributions of other federal institutions. ERRATUM In the last edition of the Bulletin 41-42, there was an error in the article Remote Video Interpreting. This project is an initiative of the Quebec Association for Adult Learning Inc. and the Canadian Deafness Research and Training Institute. Our apologies. 12 41-42 The second fiscal year of the Interdepartmental Partnership with the Official-Language Communities (IPOLC) has had significant benefits for the communities. With 15 signatory departments and agencies, the initiative has considerable leverage. For the 2002-2003 fiscal year, the $6.3 million from Canadian Heritage (PCH) generated an $8.5 million investment from other federal partners and an additional $8.6 million from third parties (municipalities, provincial governments, non-signatory departments and non-governmental organizations see table below for details). In the coming months, the challenge will be to meet the increasing demand from signatories, both current and new ones, while also carrying out the IPOLC mandate. First, Canadian Heritage is striving through the IPOLC to help federal agencies work more closely with communities. Second, it is seeking to allow signatories greater leeway and to let them strengthen their new partnerships without its help. Some memorandums of understanding will simply cease to exist on their expiry date. Others will continue for a while, with a smaller role for PCH. Thus, for the next stage of greater federal government accountability to the communities, Canadian Heritage will be seeking to reduce the percentage of contributions from the IPOLC. PICLO 2002-2003: projets by department Department Department s Other partner s IPOLC S Total % IPOLC contribution ($) contribution ($) contribution ($) 2002-2003 ($) in relation to total 176 386 Citizenship and Immigration Canada Canada Economic Development 183 165 for Quebec Regions Department of Foreign Affairs 282 500 and International Trade Fisheries and Oceans 111 600 Western Economic Diversification 303 000 Canada Telefilm Canada 87 500 Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 130 000, National Film Board 65 000 Canada Council for the Arts: franco. 978 978 Canada Council for the Arts: anglo 500 000 Industry Canada 868 338 Agriculture and Agri-Food 662 011 Canada Human Resources Development 441 803 Canada Health Canada 2 326 019 Atlantic Canada Opportunities 1 425 221 Agency Total 8 462 543 7 700 185 586 369 672 50.20 93 858 183 165 460 188 39.80 837 694 107 500 1 227 694 8.76 27 000 320 900 124 600 178 000 263 200 801 900 47.34 22.20 197 000 4 327 901 350 008 284 500 130 000 65 000 900 000 500 000 535 125 107 011 569 000 260 000 130 000 1 878 978 1 000 000 5 731 364 1 119 030 50.00 50.00 50.00 47.89 50.00 9.34 9.56 383 174 515 903 1 340 880 38.47 2 072 175 1 520 957 979 506 3 846 976 4 476 902 39.54 21.88 8 617 410 6 316 853 23 396 806 27.00 For more information, please consult the IPOLC s web site at: www.canadianheritage.gc.ca/ipolc
IPOLC AT WORK New memorandum of understanding with the National Film Board of Canada The National Film Board of Canada (NFB) is delighted with the memorandum of understanding it recently concluded with Canadian Heritage under the IPOLC. The partnership is designed to foster cinematographic production and distribution in minority Anglophone and Francophone communities. The NFB will accordingly undertake a whole series of initiatives to spark young peoples interest in documentaries, their production and distribution, and to intensify training for their creators. The NFB strategy also includes a mentoring program that will allow the next generation of filmmakers to work with NFB specialists in script development, direction, production, photography direction, with the full range of film artists and technicians. For example, the NFB, together with Film Zone, held an information session in Acadie about the Kino movement. Very active in Quebec, this movement is made up of young filmmakers with limited resources who form small units to produce short films and then meet to discuss them. The NFB s contribution will be in the form of a loan of filming and editing equipment. About forty young people attended the session, held in Moncton on March 31, 2003, and some of them formed small units to produce short films. Townships Heritage WebMagazine Funded jointly by Canada Economic Development and Canadian Heritage, the Townships Heritage WebMagazine is the creation of the Townshippers Association. The Internet site introduces visitors of all ages to the past and present heritage of Quebec s Eastern Townships and encourages them to visit the region in person. the site was featured in a one-page ad in the 2003 Eastern Townships tourism guide. In addition, a mass mailing reached over 1000 tourism writers in Canada and the eastern United States. This site is something to see, a virtual magazine to be enjoyed: www.townshipsheritage.com. Heritage is one of the Eastern Townships key resources, and the Association recognizes heritage tourism as a development opportunity for the region. Launched almost a year ago, the virtual publication has had tremendous success. Fully bilingual, the site features over 700 pages of information. It receives nearly 9,000 hits per month, and many visitors have praised the site. The Townships Heritage WebMagazine appears to have become THE heritage tourism reference for the Estrie region, offering a multitude of images and valuable information. Its editor, Matthew Farfan, regularly adds information about expositions, festivals and local conservation efforts. He also maintains a growing network of partners that now includes close to 60 organizations, museums, interpretive centres and historical societies, etc. Thanks to close ties to the regional tourism association, The Huntingville Mill is one of the picturesque stops on the virtual tour of the Vintage Mills of the Townships offered by the Townships Heritage WebMagazine. 41-42 13
Vol. 9, No. 2 EN BREF EN BREF EN BREF IN BRIEF EN BREF EN BREF EN BREF Western Economic Diversification - Employee contributions to the development of minority Francophone communities Denise L Écuyer and Jean Laberge were recognized for their accomplishments and for the outstanding contribution they have each made to the development of Francophone communities. Ms. L Écuyer was recognized for her dedication to the community, devotion to Francophone heritage and enthusiasm for bilingualism, receiving the Prix du Réseau 2003, which honours Francophone women for their involvement in the Franco-Manitoban community. Jean Laberge received the prestigious Cornouiller d Or award from the Fédération des francophones de la Colombie-Britannique for his work relating to official languages and his commitment to the Francophonie and to British Columbia s Francophone community. This award recognizes federal and provincial public servants for their outstanding contribution to Francophone development in British Columbia. Statistics Canada Data on the health of the officiallanguage minority community The Community Health Survey (CCHS) linguistic minority profile is now available at no charge on the Statistics Canada Web site. It provides health-related data by first language spoken and first official language spoken. Click on the headings Our products and services, Free Publications, Health, and finally, CCHS Profiles or go directly to http://statcan.ca/english/freepub/82-576- XIE/free.htm. Contact us by e-mail at infostats@statscan.ca or by telephone, toll-free, at 1 800 263-1136, or (613) 951-8116 in the National Capital Region. A new site for communities! CommunAction.ca (www.communaction.ca) is an open-ended Internet site intended for official-language minority communities. It allows them to quickly locate the programs and services offered by the Government of Canada in support of economic and local development. The site is a good source of information about the Industry portfolio, which includes Industry Canada, FedNor, the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency, Economic Development Canada for Quebec Regions and Western Economic Diversification. It also includes links to other sites of interest. Industry Canada - ProAction41 accessible via the Extranet The Industry Canada (IC) ProAction 41 site is now accessible via the Extranet. This site was created to raise departmental employees awareness of their obligations under section 41 of the Official Languages Act. It provides information on the profile and needs of official-language minority communities, success stories and a whole range of hyperlinks. This site could be useful to the regional coordinators of other departments.to register, fill out the online application at www.strategis.ic.gc.ca/proaction41. Canadian Heritage - Minister s Forum on Diversity and Culture Over 500 delegates from all over Canada attended the first Minister s Forum on Diversity and Culture, held on April 22 and 23, 2003, at the Canadian Museum of Civilization, in Gatineau, Quebec. Artists, creators, producers, presenters, distributors and educators from the private, public and nonprofit sectors shared their experiences in order to devise ways of better reflecting Canada s diversity in our cultural programs and policies. The Fédération des communautés francophones et acadienne du Canada (FCFA) and the Fédération culturelle canadienne-française (FCCF) took part in the discussions and provided the perspective of minority Francophone communities. The Forum gave rise to an action plan that will guide the Department of Canadian Heritage and its major portfolio agencies when it comes time to change their cultural policies and programs. The objective is to foster the creation of a variety of community arts projects and their presentation to Canadians.The papers given at the Forum can be viewed at www.diversityandculture.gc.ca. Canadian Heritage Coordination Committee/Francophone and Acadian Communities This committee is made up of representatives from the Department of Canadian Heritage and the communities, including the Fédération des communautés francophones et acadienne du Canada (FCFA), along with other stakeholders from the multiculturalism, education, culture, media and youth sectors. It meets twice a year and held its second meeting on May 9, 2003. Public servants and community representatives focussed on two main themes in their presentations: leadership in Francophone and Acadian communities and urbanization and rural communities. Topics of discussion included the Canadian Volunteerism Initiative, the Department s role in the international cultural Francophonie, leadership, migration to the city from rural areas, youth and assimilation. The Committee concluded that it must continue to work with the Department s program branches and to pool efforts with partners in the regions, such as the Federal Councils in the provinces and territories. Consultations and coordination should be part of a regional-local approach in order to better meet specific community needs. The next meeting is scheduled for the fall of 2003. 14 41-42
REGIONAL INITIATIVES Summer 2003 New promotional tools for the tourism sector in Prince Edward Island Prince Edward Island Tourism businesses in Prince Edward Island now have access to new promotional tools to inform visitors that they offer services in English and French. About ten thousand pins and a poster were produced with a pictogram combining the federal official languages symbol with that of the provincial government. The Tourism Industry Association of Prince Edward Island is the official promoter of these new items. The pins will be distributed at no charge by official representatives of the Association. The poster can be downloaded from the Internet (www.tiapei.pe.ca, www.gov.pe.ca and ipe.gazel.ca). This considerably reduces costs for businesses, since all they need is a colour printer and printable cardboard. The Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency and the Canada/Prince Edward Island agreement on the promotion of official languages contributed to this project, as did the Official Languages Committee of the Council of Senior Federal Officials for Prince Edward Island, the Government of Prince Edward Island, Canadian Heritage and the coordinating group on economic development and employability (RDÉE). Interdepartmental cooperation and official languages Newfoundland and Labrador The Newfoundland and Labrador Federal Council recently completed an interdepartmental cooperation pilot project on official languages. Seeking to balance objectives to communicate with the community and build capacities in Newfoundland and Labrador, the project offered federal public servants part-time French courses and a series of presentations about the Francophone community. It also made it possible to create a Francophone resource centre and to publish an insert on Government of Canada programs and services in the province s Francophone newspaper. To follow up on this successful project, the response of federal institutions to the Action Plan for Official Languages will be coordinated province-wide. The provincial Canadian Heritage office and the Privy Council Office have accordingly developed a presentation on the Action Plan to be given to the Federal Council official languages subcommittee. Discussion has begun on how member departments and agencies could expand their cooperation to achieve the Action Plan objectives. Reaching out to young people On April 8, 2003, His Excellency John Ralston Saul welcomed over 420 young people to the St. John s site of the national conference, French for the Future, the site with the most visitors. A great many students who are learning French as a first language, second language or are in immersion took the opportunity to hear the views of the Minister of Canadian Heritage. 2004: A good year for tourism Society 2004, which is planning the 2004 celebrations in Newfoundland and Labrador, has just received the results of a study on tourism opportunities and potential markets for the 500 th anniversary of the French presence in the province. A great many festivities are planned in Newfoundland and Labrador in 2004, many of which are likely to appeal to tourists. Society 2004 enjoys the support of many partners, including the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency, the Department of Canadian Heritage and the Interdepartmental Partnership with the Official-Language Communities (IPOLC). 41-42 15
Vol. 9, No. 2 REGIONAL INITIATIVES Manitoba Federal Council official languages management committee Manitoba Progress was made on a number of important issues this year, thanks to the efforts of all Committee members, coming from the federal, provincial and municipal governments and the community. The greatest accomplishment was the opening of three bilingual service centres in two rural areas, in Saint-Pierre-Jolys and Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes, and in the St. Boniface urban area. The Committee was also behind the creation of the Interdepartmental Network of Official- Language Coordinators of Manitoba. The meetings allow coordinators to learn more about their respective roles and responsibilities, to discuss certain challenges and to identify areas where they can work together. The topics currently on the Committee s agenda include Francophone immigration and health services in Manitoba. French-language health services in Manitoba In 2002-2003, the Société franco-manitobaine formed the healthy communities council to address the issue of access to quality French-language health and social services for all Francophones in Manitoba. The council receives support from the provincial department of health for its operation, and from Health Canada for special and development projects. Health Canada will work closely with the Société Santé en français, the national organization seeking to improve the overall health of Francophones in the country, in partnership with provincial and territorial networks. Intersectoral conference on the Global Development Plan (Revitalizing Quebec s Anglophone communities) Quebec Representatives from Quebec s Anglophone community met in Montreal on May 2 and 3 for an intersectoral conference on its long-term development. The discussion groups identified strategic priorities in eight sectors. They also explored approaches for the implementation of the Global Development Plan. The participants came away with a sense of accomplishment and optimism about revitalizing their communities. For further details, please contact the head office of the Quebec Community Groups Network (QCGN) at (418) 681-2112. QCGN meetings and annual general meeting The Quebec Community Groups Network (QCGN) held a series of meetings, including its annual general meeting, in Chicoutimi, Quebec. The activities began with a half-day consultation with the Privy Council on May 29. The next day, the joint committee met to discuss issues relating to the Canada-Community Agreement, specifically past projects under the Development Fund. Among the weekend s other activities were a presentation on the 2001 Census and a group discussion to plan the upcoming negotiation of the Canada-Community Agreement. The final event was the Annual General Meeting, held on June 1. 16 41-42