BASELINE MOBILITY ASSESSMENT SUMMARY RESULTS JANUARY MARCH 28 ABOUT DTM The Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) is a system that tracks and monitors displacement and population mobility. It is designed to regularly and systematically capture, process and disseminate information to provide a better understanding of the movements and evolving needs of displaced populations, whether on site or en route. For more information about DTM in Afghanistan, please visit www.displacement.iom.int/afghanistan. In Afghanistan, DTM employs the Baseline Mobility Assessment tool, designed to track mobility, determine the population sizes and locations of forcibly displaced people, reasons for displacement, places of origin, displacement locations and times of displacement, including basic demographics, as well as vulnerabilities and priority needs. Data is collected at the settlement level, through key informant interviews, focus group discussions, and direct observations. DTM enables IOM and its partners to deliver evidencebased, better targeted, mobility-sensitive and sustainable humanitarian assistance, reintegration, community stabilization and development programming. 5 TARGET POPULATIONS Through the Baseline Mobility Assessments, DTM tracks the locations, population sizes, and cross-sectoral needs of five core target population categories:. Returnees from Abroad 2. Out-Migrants Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), subdivided into the following three categories: 3. Arrival IDPs 4. Returnee IDPs 5. Fled IDPs Data on population sizes for the 5 target population categories is collected by time of displacement, using each of the following time frames: 22-25 26 27 28 (so far, covering up to 3 March 28). IDPs settling in mudbrick homes, Khak-e-Jabar district, Kabul. IOM 28 HIGHLIGHTS 5 provinces assessed 88 districts assessed 6,744 settlements assessed in Baghlan, Balkh, Farah, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Khost, Kunar, Kunduz, Laghman, Logar, Nangarhar, Nimroz, Paktya and Takhar 36,87 key informants interviewed,8,954 abroad [22-28],843,833 IDPs [22 28] currently in host communities,95,66 former IDPs have returned to their homes [22 28] 8499 out-migrants fled abroad [22 28] 6,564 out-migrants fled to Europe (3% of out-migrants) 59,572 returnees and IDPs live in tents or in the open air (.6% of total returnees and IDPs) in 3 persons from Nangarhar and Nimroz is either an IDP or a Returnee in 3 persons from Farah has fled their home as an IDP 3 in 4 persons from Kunduz have been an IDP and returned home in 4 persons from Kunar and Logar is either an IDP or a Returnee For more information, please contact: DTMAfghanistan@iom.int www.displacement.iom.int/afghanistan
2 AFGHANISTAN JANUARY MARCH 28 KEY INFORMANTS DTM s field enumerators, District Focal Points (DFPs), collect data at the settlement level, predominantly through focus group discussions with key informants. The average size of focus groups is five key informants per group. In the rare case that DTM s District Focal Points cannot physically reach a community, due to insecurity, conflict, or risk of retaliation, DFPs meet the focus groups at a safe place outside their communities or conduct the assessments by phone. Significant highlights regarding the overall composition of Key Informant Focus Groups include the following: 36,87 key informants (KIs) interviewed,597 female key informants (4%) 32 male key informants (96%) 5.5 average number of KIs per focus group Key Informants by Type Overall 4,772 IDP and returnee key informants (3%),779 KIs from host communities (29%) 6,26 KIs from multi-sectoral and social services (7%),735 KIs from local authorities (32%) RETURNEES Returnees are Afghan nationals who have returned to Afghanistan in the assessed location after having spent at least six months abroad. This group includes both documented returnees (Afghans who were registered refugees in host countries and then requested voluntary return with UNHCR and relevant national authorities) and undocumented returnees (Afghans who did not request voluntary return with UNHCR, but rather returned spontaneously from host countries, irrespective of whether or not they were registered refugees with UNHCR and relevant national authorities). As compared to the period between 22 and 2 the number of abroad increased by 8% in 26, followed by a notable 45% decrease in returns in 27. Thus far, in 28, 22,299 Afghans have returned, implying that if the rate of return stays at the same rate, 28 will report a further 78% reduction in returnees as compared to 27.,8,954 abroad 937,677 undocumented Pakistan + Iran (54%) 88,23 documented Pakistan + Iran (46%),34,422 returned from Pakistan (74%) 4468 returned from Iran (22%) 664 non-neighbouring countries (4%) 3% 7% 2% 8% 3% 9% 29% 29% Community Development Council (CDC) Representative Community/Tribal Representative Displaced Groups Representative Education Representative Health Sector Representative Humanitarian/Social Organization Other District Authority Representative 6, 4, 3, 2,, Returnees from Abroad by Province Annual Trends 498,633 6,9 3,538 9,845 7,953 52 2,7 94,22 88,524 84,6 76,388 73,528 69,694 68,568 38,5 Other 22-25 26 27 28 Returnees from Abroad Annual Trends 8, 7, 6, Women make up only 4% of key informants in a landscape that is dominated by men. One way DTM aims to increase gender inclusion is to ensure that our teams have more even gender balance. Above is our female DFP conducting a group discussion in Injil district, Herat. IOM 28 4, 3, 2,, 63,734 747,945 48,976 22,299 22-25 26 27 28
3 AFGHANISTAN JANUARY MARCH 28 OUT-MIGRANTS Out-Migrants are Afghans who have moved or fled abroad from the assessed location, whatever the cause, reason or duration of expatriation. This category includes refugees, displaced and uprooted people, and economic migrants who have left Afghanistan. 8499 fled abroad 49,52 fled to Iran (6%) 6,564 fled to Europe (3%) 66,56 fled to Pakistan (2%) ARRIVAL IDPs Arrival IDPs (IDPs) are Afghans who fled from other settlements in Afghanistan and have arrived and presently reside at the assessed location / host community, as a result of, or in order to avoid, the effects of armed conflict, generalized violence, human rights violations, protection concerns, or natural and human-made disasters.,843,833 IDPs currently reside in host communities 84% displaced due to conflict 56% IDPs fled to locations in their home province 6% displaced by natural disaster 33,52 Out-Migrants by Province Annual Trends 6, 536,63 Arrival IDPs by Province Annual Trends 3,, 9, 7, 3,, -, 97,896 93,94 88,88 83,696 79,8 43,37 3998 32,494 28,499 22,637 2, 9,553 6,559,759 4, 3, 2,, 39,24 8,5 49,443 8923 8,6 7,662 7,26 66,492 62,3 6,932 54,487 4,42 39,29 22,999 22-25 26 27 28 22-25 26 27 28 Out-Migrants Annual Trends Arrival IDPs Annual Trends 4, 8, 3 7, 3, 6, 2 2,, 354,944 229,94 9,836 28,779 4, 3, 2,, 477,265 6964 6,986 59,94 22-25 26 27 28 22-25 26 27 28 Out-Migrants by Country/Region of Destination Overall 6, 49,52 Arrival IDPs by Province of Origin Overall 4, 3, 2,, 66,56 6,564 Pakistan Iran Europe including Turkey 36,45 3,227 2,276 Middle East Rest of Asia Other 88,76 44% Same Province,327 56% Other Provinces
4 AFGHANISTAN JANUARY MARCH 28 FLED IDPS Fled IDPs are Afghans who have fled from an assessed location or settlement within which they previously resided and now currently reside in a different settlement in Afghanistan, as a result of, or in order to avoid, the effects of armed conflict, generalized violence, human rights violations, protection concerns, or natural and human-made disasters.,53,87 Fled IDPs 8% displaced due to conflict 77% fled to locations within their home province 9% displaced by natural disaster RETURNED IDPS Returned IDPs are Afghans who have returned to their home place of origin in the assessed location or settlement from which they had fled as IDPs in the past, as a result of, or in order to avoid, the effects of armed conflict, generalized violence, human rights violations, protection concerns, or natural and humanmade disasters.,95,66 Returned IDPs 85% returned from other locations within their home province 9% IDPs from Logar & Laghman have not returned home 43% of all returned IDPs returned to Kunduz province 3, 2 2,, 27,93 Fled IDPs by Province Annual Trends 26,365 96,266 46,476 28,45 2,285 782 9,549 56,72 44,7 42,57 42,284 34,473 3,548,845,, 9, 8, 7, 6, 4, 3, 2,, Returned IDPs by Province Annual Trends 832,29 277,372 22,845 7,79 6,29 87,992 38 49,682 43,76 34,98 9,329 6,88 8 3,433 2,955 22-25 26 27 28 22-25 26 27 28 Fled IDPs Annual Trends Returned IDPs Annual Trends 7, 8, 6, 7, 6, 4, 3, 2,, 3727 578,89 5644 44,73 4, 3, 2,, 546,34 727,53 6,872 66,32 22-25 26 27 28 22-25 26 27 28 Fled IDPs by Province of Destination Overall Returned IDPs by Province of Displacememt Overall 349,2 23% 297,379 5%,54,686 77%,654,28 85% Same Province Other Provinces Same Province Other Provinces
5 AFGHANISTAN JANUARY MARCH 28 Displaced in all 5 Target Populations Summary Overview by Province Total Inflow *Base (Returnees + % of % of Returnee % of Arrival % of % of Out % of Province Population Arrival IDPs) Pop. Returnees Pop. IDPs Pop. IDPs Pop. Fled IDPs Pop. Migrants Pop. Baghlan 977,297 7,263 5% 7,953 9% 277,372 28% 62,3 5% 782 % 88,88 9% Balkh,442,847 8,57 % 9,845 7% 9,329 % 7,662 4% 3,548 % 79,8 5% Farah 543,237 54,49 22% 68,568 % 6,29 2% 8923 2% 26,365 38% 83,696 5% Herat 2,54 624,687 23% 88,524 3% 38 2% 536,63 2% 28,45 6% 33,52 6% Kabul 4,86,88 3,354 6% 6,9 3% 49,682 % 49,443 3% 34,473 % 3998 % Kandahar,337,83 257,899 6% 76,388 5% 87,992 7% 8,5 % 96,266 5% 6,559 % Khost 64,584 34,46 8% 73,528 % 6,88 3% 6,932 8% 44,7 7% 9,553 3% Kunar 482,5 68,499 26% 2,7 6% 34,98 7% 66,492 % 56,72 2%,759 2% Kunduz,9,6 86,25 5% 3,538 % 832,29 76% 54,487 4% 46,476 3% 93,94 9% Laghman 476,537 33,4 22% 94,22 5% 2,955 3% 39,29 6% 9,549 9% 22,637 5% Logar 49,377 46,544 26% 52 9% 3,433 3% 4,42 7% 2,285 27% 43,37 % Nangarhar,63872 87,657 33% 498,633 2% 22,845 4% 39,24 3% 27,93 7% 32,494 2% Nimroz 76,898 9,76 38% 38,5 3% 8 9% 7,26 25%,845 7% 2, % Paktya 59,668 92,693 4% 69,694 % 43,76 7% 22,999 3% 42,57 7% 28,499 5% Takhar,53,852 66,22 4% 84,6 7% 7,79 6% 8,6 7% 42,284 4% 97,896 9% Total 7,752,977 3,654,787 7%,8,954 8%,95,66 %,843,833 9% 932,234 5% 8499 5% * Base Population source: CSO Population Estimates for 397 (28 to 29) Symbology: 25% of base population Total Inflow (Returnees + IDPs) Summary by Province Province Returnees Arrival IDPs Total Inflow Nangarhar 498,633 39,24 87,657 Herat 88,524 536,63 624,687 Kabul 6,9 49,443 3,354 Kandahar 76,388 8,5 257,899 Kunduz 3,538 54,487 86,25 Balkh 9,845 7,662 8,57 Baghlan 7,953 62,3 7,263 Kunar 2,7 66,492 68,499 Takhar 84,6 8,6 66,22 Farah 68,568 8923 54,49 Logar 52 4,42 46,544 Khost 73,528 6,932 34,46 Laghman 94,22 39,29 33,4 Nimroz 38,5 7,26 9,76 Paktya 69,694 22,999 92,693 Total,8,954,843,833 3,654,787 9, 8, 7, 6, 4, 3, 2,, Total Inflow (Returnees + IDPs) Summary by Province 87,657 624,687 3,354 257,899 86,25 8,57 7,263 Returnees from Abroad 68,499 66,22 54,49 Arrival IDPs 46,544 34,46 33,4 9,76 92,693 The top 2 districts, hosting the most returnees and IDPs, are listed below. These districts are potentially susceptible to social instability induced by the large influx of returnees and IDPs, who face inadequate access to essential services and limited job opportunities, which jeapordizes reintegration prospects and fuels secondary displacement. Herat district is the most severely affected, hosting a total inflow of 2243 individuals, of which 87% (79,567) are IDPs and 3% (2676) are returnees. 39% of these IDPs were displaced by natural disaster (likely due to drought), which is 23 percent higher than the national average of 6% for natural disaster induced IDPs. Conversely, Behsud district, the second most affected, hosts 24,52 returnees and IDPs, of which 62% (26,42) are returnees and 38% (78,92) are IDPs. The third most affected district, Kabul, hosts a more balanced mix of 55% (66,853) IDPs and 45% (53,786) returnees. Top 2 Districts hosting the most Returnees + IDPs Rank District Province Returnees IDPs Total Inflow Herat Herat 2676 79,567 2243 2 Behsud Nangarhar 26,42 78,92 24,52 3 Kabul Kabul 53,786 66,853 2,639 4 Kandahar Kandahar 276 69,455 94,63 5 Jalalabad Nangarhar 566 32,922 88,583 6 Chaparhar Nangarhar 993 24,63 756 7 Zaranj Nimroz 26,25 47,648 73,673 8 Guzara Herat 2,67 58,696 7,33 9 Pul-e- Alam Logar 44,45 2,747 66,97 Injil Herat 8,93 593 64,6 Surkhrod Nangarhar 3,548 32,39 62,587 2 Khogyani Nangarhar 36,2 23,385 59,46 3 Khwajaghar Takhar 4,694 43,45 58,9 4 Obe Herat 932 54,967 5899 5 Baghlan-e-Jadid Baghlan 32,434 23,395 5829 6 Khost(Matun) Khost 9,545 34,287 53,832 7 Shinwar Nangarhar 6,5 37, 53,6 8 Pashtunzarghun Herat 422 5 527 9 Farah Farah 3,735 3978 49,73 2 Nahr-e- Shahi Balkh 24,69 23,27 47,376 Total 67,52 992,845,6,347
6 BASELINE MOBILITY ASSESSMENT SUMMARY RESULTS AFGHANISTAN JANUARY MARCH 28, > Source Data : IOM, AGCHO, AIMS, CSO, OSM Date map production : 24 June 28 Disclaimer : This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. https://afghanistan.iom.int/ - email : iomkabuldtmallusers@iom.int Kilometers Not Accessible District Assessed Provinces DTM AFGHANISTAN Total Inflow (Returnees+IDPs) Overview March 28 -, -5, 2, 5, <, > -2,5, -, 5 25 Province Country Total Inflow (Returnees+IDPs),, -5,, < -2, Total Inflow (Returnees+IDPs) 95 9 cm = 4 km 38 :4,, TAJIKISTAN UZBEKISTAN CHINA JAWZJAN TURKMENISTAN KUNDUZ BALKH TAKHAR SAMANGAN FARYAB BADAKHSHAN JAMMU AND KASHMIR BAGHLAN SAR-E-PUL NURISTAN BADGHIS PARWAN BAMYAN LAGHMAN KUNAR KABUL WARDAK GHOR HERAT NANGARHAR LOGAR DAYKUNDI PAKTYA GHAZNI KHOST URUZGAN PAKTIKA FARAH PAKISTAN ZABUL KANDAHAR HILMAND IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) NIMROZ INDIA, > 5 DTM AFGHANISTAN Proportional Represtentation (Province) Total Returnees from Iran, -5 # # Province Assessed Provinces Total Returnees from Pakistan District Source Data : IOM, AGCHO, AIMS, CSO, OSM Date map production : 28 May 28 Disclaimer : This map is for illustration purposes only. Names and boundaries on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by IOM. Inflow Returnees from Pakistan + Iran March 28 25,, < - -2, Total Returnees PAK + IRN (District) Not Accessible https://afghanistan.iom.int/ - email : iomkabuldtmallusers@iom.int Kilometers 6 2 cm = 9 km 24 UZBEKISTAN JAWZJAN TURKMENISTAN BALKH 59,467 TAJIKISTAN 36,523 43,366 SAR-E-PUL 4,53 TAKHAR 24,59 BADAKHSHAN 54,62 JAMMU AND KASHMIR 6,978 BAGHLAN KUNAR NURISTAN BADGHIS PARWAN BAMYAN 6,42 7,533 9,46 KUNDUZ SAMANGAN FARYAB GHOR 2,856 28,533 WARDAK HERAT 8,67 LAGHMAN DAYKUNDI 244 79 94,378 63,24 62 PAKTYA 72,68 7 79,828 LOGAR GHAZNI :,948,337 486,77 NANGARHAR KHOST 56,28 URUZGAN FARAH 7,95 5,442 PAKTIKA ZABUL KANDAHAR PAKISTAN 6,434 IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF) 3,52 34,998 NIMROZ HILMAND 69,954 INDIA INDIA
7 AFGHANISTAN JANUARY MARCH 28 TOP 5 PRIORITY PROVINCES Evidence-based prioritization is essential to the delivery of better targeted assistance and basic services. DTM provides partners with lists of priority areas in most need of assistance, based on a variety of sectoral indicators, at Province, District and Settlement levels. (NOTE: The number of individuals reported below is based on the Total Inflow: Returnees + IDPs) TOP 5 Provinces with the most Returnees and IDPs (Returnees + IDPs) Nangarhar 87,657 2 Herat 624,687 3 Kabul 3,354 4 Kandahar 257,899 5 Kunduz 86,25 Grand Total 2,97,622 TOP 5 in need of Water (potable water> 3 km away) Nimroz 39, 2 Herat 37,3 3 Balkh 34,2 4 Baghlan 33,78 5 Takhar 3,64 Grand Total 7492 TOP 5 in need of Schools (nearest school > 3 km away) Kandahar 62,655 2 Herat 5,29 3 Farah 48,724 4 Nangarhar 43,368 5 Baghlan 38,254 Grand Total 244,22 TOP 5 in need of Shelter (Returnees +IDPs living in Tents or in the Open Air) TOP 5 in need of Clinics (nearest clinic > 5 km away) Nangarhar 2,464 2 Kandahar,946 3 Laghman 7,283 4 Kabul 4,525 5 Herat 3,62 Grand Total 48,83 Herat 254,39 2 Nangarhar 23728 3 Kandahar 9,848 4 Baghlan 88,855 5 Farah 78,892 Grand Total 748,74 TOP 5 in need of Markets (nearest market > km away) Herat 54,35 2 Kandahar 97,8 3 Baghlan 93,33 4 Kunduz 86,956 5 Balkh 69,65 Grand Total 5,276 STORIES FROM THE DISPLACED YOUNG MOTHER OF 3 - DISPLACED AND WIDOWED, BUT REMAINING HOPEFUL In January 2 Zohra, her husband, Bashir, and her 3 young children were displaced to a small, quiet district in Herat province. The family s former home was Qala-i-Naw district, Badghis province, from where they had been displaced as a result of escalating conflict-violence and security concerns. Zohra and her family are among the 536,63 arrival IDPs in Herat province, where, according to our DFPs, the highest prioirty concern is the lack of employment opportunities. With job opportunities in Herat few and far between, Bashir sought to migrate to Iran. Without a passport, or the money to buy one, he decided to travel irregularly. Leaving his family in the care of his neighbour - who donated them a small room to live in - Bashir found work in Tehran, as a well-digger. Zohra tells us that Bashir was pleased to be working regularly and sending back remittance packages to support the family; until, one year into his employment, tragedy struck: the well collapsed over Bashir, killing him on the spot. Zohra, widowed, became the sole breadwinner for her family. Determined to support her family, she rose to the challenge by quickly taking on two housekeeping jobs, as well as designing her own embroidery products and selling them at the local market a skill she learnt after completing a 6-month tailoring and embroidery vocational training course led by a local NGO. Amidst all this, this year, Zohra s oldest daughter, Lelia, achieved the highest grade in her class. To her mother, she is a beacon of light in a dark, challenging living situation: I am so happy and proud of my daughter; I will continue to work hard in order to give my daughters the chance to study and become a teacher or doctor in the future, Zohra says, with strong resolve in her voice. Currently, the family live rent-free in a spare room of the community centre where Zohra has plans to establish her embroidery workshop. Working up to 2 hours a day to achieve her ambitions, Zohra is putting a painful past behind her to strive for a brighter future. I would like to build a small house for my daughter, and, yes, I would like to be a good example of an empowered woman for my daughter and for other widows like me. Total Inflow (Returnees+IDPs) Shelter Overall %.% 34% 4% Own House (,484,957) Rented House (874,69) Host Family (,23649) Tent (5346) Open Air (4,226) 24% Since 22, 536,63 IDPs, like Zohra and her family, have arrived in Herat province. DTM in Afghanistan is generously supported by: in coordination with For more information, please contact: DTMAfghanistan@iom.int www.displacement.iom.int/afghanistan