Unit I Test Review - Glue onto pages 19 & 20 - Due on TEST DAY! List the five fundamental principles of American government and give an example for each principle 1. Consent of the Governed The people are the source of all government s power & We the People. 2. People rule in a democratic system. - Ancient Greece voting directly for laws 3. Representative Government People elect public officeholders to conduct government on their behalf. Congress is an example 4. Limited Government Government is not all-powerful. It may only do the things people give it the power to do. Checks & Balances is an example 5. Rule of Law The government and those who are governed are bound by the same laws. A government official getting arrested for breaking the law is an example. 6. Compare and contrast the VA Declaration of Rights with the Bill of Rights. What conclusion can we make based on the image above? George Mason wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights and it was the model for the Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights is a collective name for the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. They are very similar documents. The Virginia Declaration of Rights was created first. 7. List Key concepts of the Constitution: a. Establish the structure of the U.S. government b. Guarantees equality under the law. Majority rules, but the rights of the minority are protected c. Affirms individual worth and dignity of all people d. Protects fundamental freedoms found in the 1 st Amendment (RAPPS) 8. Which amendment prohibited the government from requiring citizens to attend worship services? Which document is this found in? This is the first amendment of the Bill of Rights and it is found in the Constitution. List the statements from the Preamble of the Constitution: for each statement of the Preamble give an everyday example of how this is addressed in our government: 9. To form a _more perfect union_ Real world example: a better country
10. To establish _Justice Real world example: courts make laws 11. To ensure domestic Tranquility Real world example: to make America peaceful 12. To provide for the _common defense Real world example: defend all Americans with a military 13. To promote the general Welfare Real world example: to allow each citizen to benefit from the government 14. To secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity Real world example: to make sure that all Americans enjoy freedom 15.Senator Smith gets a traffic ticket for failing to stop at a red light. This is an example of which fundamental principle? Rule of Law 16. Which one of the following is an example of power deriving their just power by the consent of the governed? A. A school club has decided to elect officers once a year. B. Prince James is now the king because the power is passed down from generation to generation C. Every students at Langston Hughes Middle School has to follow the same rules D. Students are unhappy with the new school cookies so they protest 17. The weaknesses of this document, the Articles of Confederation led to a new more powerful form of government created by this document, the Bill of Rights, which includes the first 10 Amendments called the Constitution. 18. During an election, citizens will be voting on whether or not to fund a new highway that will cut traffic by nearly half. This action is an example of which fundamental principle? Consent of the Governed People are giving their consent to the gov t to 19. Make a list of two different types of government (democracy vs. monarchy OR democracy vs. dictatorship). List 3 countries who have limited government and 3 countries that do not have limited government. United States Dictatorship North Korea Soviet Union (Cold War) Norway China Nazi Germany New Zealand Cuba
21. The document Virginia Statue for Religious Freedom Influenced our first amendment right to freedom of religion. 22. The Bill of Rights was heavily influenced by which document? Virginia Declaration of Rights 23. Define the five freedoms of the first amendment R Religion The government cannot establish an official religion or tell you how to worship. A Assembly Individuals may gather peacefully. P Press Right to gather & publish information even if it criticizes the government. P Petition Individuals have the right to make their views known to public officials. S Speech Individuals are free to express their beliefs & opinions. 24. Writing a letter to your governor about a problem in your community is an example of which first amendment freedom? Freedom to Petition 25. A student wears a shirt that says she is not written up or asked to change her shirt because it is protected by which first amendment freedom? Freedom of Speech 26. Why was the Magna Carta important? It influenced the principles of limited government and rule of law. It influenced the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution s Bill of Rights 27. Electing Senators for Congress is an example of what type of government? Representative 28. Governor Terry McAuliffe gets arrested for a DUI. He is charged and spends the night in jail. What fundamental principle is this an example of? Rule of Law 29. What type of government maintains that the people rule?
30. The President can appoint justices to the U.S. Supreme Court, but the Senate needs to approve his choices. The President having to go through Senate for approval is an example of which fundamental principle? Limited Government 31. Which amendment protects your right to speak out against the government in writing without fear of being arrested? Which freedom is it? 1 St Amendment, Freedom of Speech - not directly addressing a gov t official and not a member of the press, so it is speech. 32. Which document is the Supreme Law of the Land? US Constitution Explain the Amendment Process @ the federal & state levels (look at page 17!) Level National (Federal) State (Virginia) Proposal Proposal by 2/3 vote of both houses of Congress - MOST USED Proposal by 2/3 vote of national convention called by Congress on request of 2/3 of state legislatures Proposal by majority of the members of the General Assembly - MOST USED The General Assembly may, by a vote of 2/3 call a convention Ratification Passage by ¾ of statue legislatures - MOST USED (38 STATES) Passage by ¾ of special state conventions Majority of Virginia voters must vote for the approval of the amendment.
INFLUENTIAL DOCUMENTS: Document Quote Main Idea or Purpose VA Statue of Religious Freedom Be it enacted by the General Assembly that no man shall be compelled to frequent or support any religious worship, place, or ministry whatsoever. Freedom of religious beliefs and opinions Charters of Virginia London Company James, by the grace of God license to make habitation, plantation, and to deduce a colony of sundry of our people into that part of America commonly called Virginia Guaranteed the rights of the English to Colonists in Jamestown Articles of Confederation Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence in determining questions in the united States, each State shall have one vote. Established 1 st form of national government in U.S. - BUT it was weak since the major powers stayed with the states. FAILED & led to the writing of the Constitution Virginia Declaration of Rights Magna Carta The Declaration of Independence Section 1. That all men are by nature equally free and independent and have certain inherent rights, of which, when they enter into a state of society, they cannot, by any compact, deprive or divest their posterity; namely, the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety. No free man is to be arrested, or imprisoned, or disseised, or outlawed, or exiled, or in any other way ruined, nor will we go against him or send against him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness Served as a model for the Bill of Rights which safeguarded individual liberty Right to Justice and a fair trial. The principles of rule of law & limited gov t were seen in the Magna Carta. Declared colonies independence from the British