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1+ Solicitor General Solliciteur général Canada Canada siesee Ge ebee'4g *ze e\ e we see eeeeee e do ceete. Canada Research and Statistics Group Groupe de la Recherche et de la statistiqu

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GC 22e 7540-21-86 $-6699 1 ir of Canada du Canada MEMORANDUM NOTE DE SERVICE \ SECURITY - CLASSIFICATION - DE SECUFIITE. TO SELECT DISTRIBUTION OUR FILE/NOTRE REFERENCE r- 7323-13 YOUR FILE/VOTRE REFEFIENCE FROM DE L_ Statistics Technician Statistics Division _J DATE September. 16, 1987 SUBJECT OBJET REVISED STATISTICAL MANUAL Here is a revised version of the Statistical Resource Manual. Please discard the old version excepting the dividers, and insert this one. Some of the revisions are: - Identifiers on all tables for easier referencing. - An Amendment Sheet to facilitate insertion of updated tables. - More data on Police and Parole. - A French version of the Manual. Tables have also been updated to include most recent data available. Your comments in the recent Evaluation Questionnaire were greatly appreciated, and where possible, your suggestions have been carried out.?ruvlat Iteee June Heath Att: Select Distribution John Evans Dorothy Hepworth Len Wevrick Gerry Woods Claude Rochon J.L. Cote H. Moore 1,/

e ev 747445' d'e ' STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL/// This manual contains the most frequently requested information regarding criminal justice statistics. We have compiled the information to assist secretariat employees in responding to such information requests. Tables will be updated whenever new data are available. Research and Statistics Group Programs Branch Ministry of the Solicitor General May, 1987

CLASS SCHEDULE HORAIRE DES COURS (..- TIME HEURE MON LUN. TUE. MAR. WED. MER. THU. JEU. FRI. VEN. - SAT. SAM.,- --- EXAMINATIONS EXAMENS DAY/JOUR DATE TIME/FIRE PLACE LIEU COURSE/COURS } 1 PROJECT-PROJETS DUE-DATE r ---.. } (NAME NOM _ ADDRESS ADRESSE SCHOOL COLE TELEPHONE TÉLÉPHONE CLASS CLASSE Fbriqué par RELIURE GaLM INC OuJO.

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL CONTENTS AMENDMENT SHEET SECTION I Uniform Crime Report Statistics - Canada 1962-1985 SECTION II Uniform Crime Report Statistics by Province - 1978-1985 SECTION III Young Offenders SECTION IV Drug Offences SECTION V Population Tables A SECTION VI Women and Crime in Canada SECTION VII Canadian Urban Victimization Survey (1982) Victims of Crime Reported and Unreported Crimes Crime Prevention: Awareness and Practice SECTION VIII A. Personnel: (i) Secretariat, National Parole Board, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and Correctional Service Canada (ii) Police Officers Murdered in the Line of Duty B. Costs of Criminal Justice SECTION IX Federal Correction Statistics - Correctional Service Canada (C.S.C.) A Admissions - Prison and Penitentiary Population Sentences on Admission Release Data SECTION X Traffic Offences GLOSSARY 1 NDEX

AMENDMENT SHEET TABLE NO. AMENDMENT DA TE DATE INSERTED TABLE NO. AMENDMENT DATE DATE INSERTED

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section I Uniform Crime Report Statistics Canada 1962-1985 Tables 1.1 to 1.5 Actual Offences By Type in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 population, Canada 1962-1985. Tables 2.1 to 2.5 Table 3 Table 3.1 Table 3.2 Table 4 Tables 5.1 to 5.5 Actual Violent Offences in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 Population By Type of Offence, Canada (1962-1985). Homicide Offences as a percentage of Total Crimes of Violence and Total Criminal Code Offences, Canada 1962-1985. Categories of Homicide Victims in Numbers and Rates, Canada Murder Offence Rates per 100,000 Population, Canada and the Provinces, 1961-1985 Total Crimes of Violence as a Percentage of Criminal Code Offences, Canada 1962-1985. Actual Property Offences in Numbers & Rates per 100,000 Population, By Type of Offence, Canada 1962-1985. Table 6 Property Offences as a percentage of Total Criminal Code Offences, Canada 1962-1985. Tables 7.1 to 7.8 Number of Adults and Juveniles charged by Major Offence, Canada 1962-1985.

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section II Uniform Crime Report Statistics by Province - 1978-1985. Tables 8.1 to 8.12 Actual Violent Offences in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 Population, by Type of Offence. Tables 9.1 to 9.12 Homicide Offences, as a Percentage of Total Crimes of Violence and Total Criminal Code Offences. Tables 10.1 to 10.12 Total Crimes of Violence as a Percentage of Criminal Code Offences. Tables 11.1 to 11.12 Actual Property Offences in Numbers & Rates per 100,000 population, By Type of offence. Tables 12.1 to 12.12 Property Offences as a percentage of Total Criminal Code Offences. Table 13 Murder Offence Rates per 100,000 population, Canada and the Provinces, 1961-1985

Section III Table 14 STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Juvenile Delinquents Total Delinquencies (main categories) in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 Juveniles, Canada, 1978-1983. Table 14.1 Number of Charges (Federal Statute Offences only) resulting in Findings of Delinquency by Nature of Disposition by Province, 1983 Tables 15.1 to 15.2 Tables 16.1 to 16.2 Delinquencies involving Violence By age of children in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 juveniles in each category, Canada 1978-1983. Delinquencies against property by Age of Children in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 juveniles in each category Canada, 1978-1983. II, Table 17 Juveniles dealt with by the Police, Violent and Property Offences in Numbers and Rates per 100,000 juveniles, Canada 1978-1985. Table 18 Percentage Distribution by Age of Children brought to Court and of Children found delinquent, Canada 1978-1983.

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section IV Drug Offences Tables 19.1 to 19.2 Actual Drug Offences By Type of Drug in Numbers & Rates per 100,000 Canadians. Canada 1962-1985. Tables 20.1 to 20.2 Adults charged for Drug Offences, by Type of Drug in Numbers & Rates per 100,000 Adults Canada 1978-1985. Tables 21.1 to 21.2 Juveniles dealt with for drug related delinquencies, by type of drug in Numbers and rates per 100,000 juveniles Canada 1978-1985.

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section V Population Tables Table 22 Estimates of Population, Canada, 1962-1986 Table 23 Estimates of Population, By Sex, Canada, 1975-1985 Table 24 Estimates of Adult & Youth Population, Canada, 1977-1985 Table 25 Estimates of Juvenile Population, Age 7 and pp, Canada, 1977-1985 Tables 26.1 to 26.9 Estimates of Population: By Age and Province, 1977-1985

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section VI Women and Crime in Canada Table 27 Table 28 Table 29 Table 30 Table 31 Table 32 Table 33 Table 34 Table 35 Table 36 Table 37 Table 38 Table 39 Table 40 Persons Charged by Type of Legislative Offence Category and Sex, 1975-1984 Females Charged with Selected Offences, 1975-1984 Males Charged with Selected Offences, 1975-1984 Males and Females Charged with Violent, Property and Other Offences, 1975-1984 Females as a Proportion of Persons Charged with Violent, Property and Other Offences, 1975-1984 Charging Rates for Selected Offences by Sex, 1975-1984 Charging Rates for Violent, Property and Other Offences by Sex, 1975-1984 Persons Charged with Selected Traffic Offences, 1975-1982 Rates for Persans Charged with Selected Traffic Offences, 1975-1982 Persons Charged with Prostitution - Related Offences, 1975-1984 Relationship to Victim of Homicide Suspects by Sex, 1975-1983 Method of Committing Homicide Offences by Sex, 1975-1983 Women Admitted under Federal Sentence by Region of Admitting Institution, 1980-1984 Ethnicity of Women Serving Federal Sentences in the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions, 1980-1984

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section VI Women and Crime in Canada (Continued) Table 41 Table 42 Table 43 Table 44 Table 45 Table 46 Table 47 Table 48 Table 49 Table 50 Table 51 Table 52 Race and Language of Women Serving Federal Sentences in the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions, 1980-1984 Admissions to the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions, Major Offence, 1980-1983 Major Offence of Women on Register under Federal Sentence in the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions, 1980-1984 Admissions to the Prison for Women and Provincial Institutions - Length of Major Offence, 1980-1983 Length of Aggregate Sentence of Women on Register under Federal Sentence in the Prison for Women, and Provincial Institutions Population on Register under Federal Sentence, 1975-1985 Males and Females Admitted under Federal Sentence, 1975-1984 Rates of Incarceration under Federal Sentence by Sex, 1975-1984 Age of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, 1975-1984 Marital Status of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, 1975-1984 Major Offence of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, 1975-1984 Percent Distribution of Admissions for Violent, Property and Narcotics Offences by Sex

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section VI Women and Crime in Canada (Continued) Table 53 Table 54 Table 55 Table 56 Table 57 Table 58 Table 59 Length of Aggregate Sentence of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, 1975-1984 Percent Distribution of Aggregate Sentence Length, Of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Major Offence and Sex 1975-1984, Combined Number of Previous Federal Committals of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence by Sex, 1975-1984 Number of Charges for Federal Inmates on Admission, 1975-1979 Type of Release of Inmates Released under Federal Sentence by Sex, 1975-1984 Proportion of Sentence Served Before Release on Full Parole by Female Federal Inmates, 1975-1981 Time Served by Inmates Released under Federal Sentence by Sex, 1975-1984

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION VII CANADIAN URBAN VICTIMIZATION SURVEY (1982) A Victims of Crime Table 66 Reasons Table 67 Table 60 Incident Rates Table 61 Number of Incidents of Selected Types and Proportion Not Reported to Police Table 62 Incident Rates by Family Income, Rates per 1,000 Population Table 63 Incident Rates by Family Income, Rates per 1,000 Households Table 64 Incident Rates by Average Number of Evening Activities Outside the Home per month Table 65 Proportion of Unreported Incidents by Type of Crime in Seven Cities Given for Failure to Report Incident to the Police by Offence Category Reasons Given for Failure to Report Personal Violent Incidents by Type of Incident and by Sex of Victim

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION VII CANADIAN URBAN VICTIMIZATION SURVEY (1982) Reported and Unreported Crimes Table 68 Estimated Incidents in Seven Cities Table 69 Table 70 Table 71 Table 72 Table 73 Table 74 Table 75 Reasons Given by Victim for Failure to Report Incidents to the Police Percent of Incident Coming to Attention of the Police, By City Comparison of Types of Theft Economic Loss and Recovery for Incidents Involving any Loss, by Type of Crime Reporting of Break and Enter Incidents by Crime Characteristics Reporting of Robbery Incidents by Crime Characteristics Reporting of Assault Incidents by Crime Characteristics

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION VII CANADIAN URBAN VICTIMIZATION SURVEY (1982) C Crime Prevention: Awareness and Practice Table 76 Grouped Incident Rates by City Table 77 Estimated Incident Rates Table 78 Awareness of Crime Prevention Programs

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section VIII Personnel A Secretariat, National Parole Board, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and Correctional Service Canada Table 79 Person Year Allocation by Agencies Table Table 79a 79b Number of Police, Number Murdered and Rate - Canada Categories of Homicide Victims in Numbers and Rates - Canada Costs of Criminal Justice Table 79.1 Table 79.2 Table 79.3 Table 79.4a Table 79.4b Table 79.5a Table 79.5b Table 79.6 Gross Expenditures on Policing by Level of Government, 1962-1983 Gross Expenditures on Courts by Level of Government, 1962-1983 Cross Expenditures on Corrections by Level of Government, 1962-1983 Gross Expenditures on Criminal Justice by Level of Government, Current Dollars, 1962-1983 Criminal Justice Expenditures on a Per Capita Basis, Current Dollars, 1962-1982 Gross Expenditures on Criminal Justice by Level of Government, Constant Dollar, 1962-1982 Criminal Justice Expenditures on a Per Capita Basis, Constant Dollars, 1962-1982 Expenditures on Criminal Justice as a Percentage of Total Federal Government Expenditure, and Gross National Product, Current Dollars, 1962-1982.

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION IX FEDERAL CORRECTION STATISTICS - CORRECTIONAL SERVICE CANADA (C.S.C.) A Admissions - Prison and Penitentiary Population Table 80 Persons Receiving Sentences of Two Years and More Admitted Io Federal and Provincial Institutions

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION IX FEDERAL CORRECTION STATISTICS - CORRECTIONAL SERVICE CANADA (C.S.C.) Sentences on Admission Table 81 Length of Aggregate Sentence of Inmates Admitted under Federal Sentence, 1975-1984

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION IX FEDERAL CORRECTION STATISTICS - CORRECTIONAL SERVICE CANADA (C.S.C.) Release Data Table 82 Table 82.1 Table 82.2 Table 82.3 Table 82.4 Type of Release of Inmates Released under Federal Sentence, 1975-1984 Success Rates of Full Parole Release, 1975-1986 Success Rates of Mandatory Supervision Releases, 1975-1986 Parole Releases by Region Mandatory Supervision Releases by Region

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS Section X Tables 83.1 to 83.6 Traffic Offences Traffic Offences Reported to Police & Rate Per 100,000 Population Canada 1 962-1 982

SECTION I. LAW ENFORCEMENT STATISTICS The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) Program was introduced in 1962 to improve the quality of information on crime and traffic enforcement activity in Canada. This data collection program is now administered by the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Each police department across the country submits monthly statistics on the number of offences recorded under the Criminal Code, Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes and Municipal By-Laws. The statistics include the number of crimes reported or known to the police and the number of crimes that police later deemed to be "unfounded". The remaining number of "actual" crimes is further broken down to show the number which have been cleared by charge or cleared otherwise, the number of adults charged (male and female), and the number of juvenile offenders dealt with by the police. The UCR information provided by police departments is published annually by Statistics Canada in Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics (Catalogue #85-205). The complexity of the UCR data requires that it be interpreted carefully. This data set is designed as an indicator of incidents that become known to the police which they then record by the most serious offence in the incident. It does not reflect individual offences. Moreover, the charge(s) subsequently laid may be quite different than the most serious offence recorded but persons subsequently charged are recorded by the original offence category. For example, police investigating an altercation in a public tavern may initially record an incident as attempted murder but later lay a charge of assault causing bodily harm. The charge is recorded against the original offence recorded (i.e. attempted murder).

- 2- Because each incident is recorded only once by the most serious offence, many offences that become known to the police and many charges laid against an accused in multiple offence incidents will not be recorded. The scoring rules also differ by crime type such that one incident is counted for each victim in violent crimes, and each incident is counted once regardless of the number of victims involved in incidents where the most serious offence is a property crime. One incident may result in any number of persons subsequently being charged. e UCR data are further influenced by a variety of other factors apart from the actual incidence of criminal behaviour. As a measure of the level of crime, the most obvious limitation of these data is that they include only those incidents which are recorded as crimes by police. While these figures may adequately reflect the reporting of crime and the level of police recording or workload, they are not an accurate measurement of criminal behaviour per se. Those incidents which are unreported or once detected are diverted from official sanctions are, by definition, missing from the Uniform Crime Reports. UCR data are also directly affected by changing police enforcement practices and priorities and the way in which police report and record crimes that become known to them. A common observation is that police officers are generally more lenient in using official sanctions against female offenders than when men are involved. Recent changes in this practice may be partly responsible for apparent increases in the criminal activity of women relative to men as indicated by police statistics. In the absence of quality control or audit procedures, the effect of differences in recording practices from one jurisdiction to another or from one period of time to another cannot be determined.

SECTION 1. UNIFORM CRIME REPORT STATISTICS HOW MUCH CRIME IN CANADA? CRIME TRENDS (UCR) Most experts in criminal justice statistics have treated with caution the last twenty years of UCR (Uniform Crime Reporting) data, which have shown a steadily increasing crime rate. There are unresolved questions about reporting and counting practices for example, which cast doubt on the reliability of this information. Although caution must be exercised when using the UCR data as the sole indicator of crime rates in Canada, these statistics have been the main source of national information on the extent of reported crime. In the 1962-1985 period, violent( 1 ) crime rates increased steadily. Violent crimes, however, remain a small proportion of the total criminal code offences (less than 10%). Property crime rates increased steadily from 1962-1982, but have decreased each year since then. In fact, property crime rates for 1985 are the same as they were for 1980. Property crimes account for around 66% of total criminal code offences. (1) We are using the expression violent crimes because of conventional usage. However, this is something of a misnomer given that many so-called violent crimes (e.g., armed robbery) result in no actual injury and many property crimes indeed involve violence even if directed only at property.

111, SECTION I TABLE 1.1 U.C.R. SUMMARY ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES( 1 ), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, 1962-1964 OFFENCE CATEGORY 1962 1963 1964 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Total Violent Offences 41,026 220.8 47,229 249.5 54,769 283.9 Total Property Offences 351,483 1891.4 387,517 2047.0 414,048 2146.3 Other Crimes 122,477 659.1 137,359 725.6 157,221 815.0 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 514,986 12771.3 572,105 3022.1 626,038 3245.2 Narcotic Control Act 770 4.1 687 3.6 520 2.7 Food & Drug Act 233 1.3 215 1.1 103 0.5 Other Federal Statutes 30,135 162.2 25,775 136.2 33,168 171.9 TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 31,138 167.6 26,677 140.9 33,791 175.2 PROVINCIAL STATUTES 195,853 1053.9 219,288 1158.4 248,772 1289.6 MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS 54,698 294.3 56,502 298.5 52,316 271.2 ALL OFFENCES 796,675 4287.1 874,572 4619.8 960,917 4981.2 (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue 1185-205 prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

SECTION I TABLE 1.2 ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES( 1 ), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, 1965-1969 U.C.R. SUMMARY OFFENCE CATEFOGY 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RAFE NO. RATE NO. RAFE Total Violent Offences 58,780 299.1 69,386 346.7 77,614 380.9 87,544 422.9 95,084 452.8 Total Property Offences 410,688 2090.7 451,980 2258.3 506,151 2483.8 584,996 2825.9 655,304 3120.3 Other Crimes 158,950 809.2 181,443 906.5 200,803 985.4 223,443 1079.4 242,273 1153.6 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 628,418 3199.0 702,809 3511.4 784,568 3850.1 895,983 4328.2 992,661 4726.7 Narcotic Control Act 655 3.3 1,184 5.9 2,584 12.7 4,787 23.1 8,179 38.9 Food & Drug Act 113 0.6 241 1.2 290 1.4 682 3.3 2,341 11.1 Other Federal Statutes 29,614 150.8 34,569 172.7 35,226 172.9 40,058 193.5 47,070 224.1 TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 30,382 154.7 35,994 179.8 38,100 187.0 45,527 219.9 57,590 274.2 PROVINCIAL STATUTES 271,857 1383.9 290,096 1449.4 296,504 1455.0 317,912 1535.7 346,541 1650.1 MUNICIPAL BY4AWS 58,794 299.3 65,990 329.7 69,532 341.2 74,,0 1 359.9 71,839 342.1 ALL OFFENCES 989,451 5036.9 1,094,889 5470.4 1,188,704 5833.3 1,333,923 6443.8 1,468,631 6993.1 (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Fraffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

SECTION I TABLE 1.3 U.C.R. SUMMARY ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES( 1 ), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, 1970-1974 OFFENCE CATEGORY 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Total Violent Offences 102,361 478.8 108,095 498.6 110,468 506.0 117,764 533.0 126,053 561.6 Total Property Offences 748,519 3,501.5 801,379 3,696.2 807,468 3,698.8 833,329 3,771.6 946,793 4,218.0 Other Crimes 261,806 1,224.7 259,737 1,198.0 274,955 1,259.5 351,845 1,592.4 384,039 1,710.9 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 1,112,686 5,205.1 1,169,211 5,392.8 1,192,891 5,464.3 1,302,938 5,897.1 1,456,885 6,490.5 Narcotic Control Act 14,071 65.9 18,900 87.2 23,840 109.2 46,451 210.2 53,030 236.2 Food & Drug Act 4,718 22.1 5,107 23.6 4,976 22.8 6,341 28.7 5,555 24.7 Other Federal Statutes 36,494 170.7 39,667 183.0 39,779 182.2 42,786 193.6 44,394 197.8 TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 55,283 258.7 63,674 293.8 68,595 314.2 95,578 432.5 102,979 458.7 PROVINCIAL STATUTES 335,788 1,570.8 344,771 1,590.2 318,250 1,457.8 339,120 1,534.8 368,716 1,642.7 MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS 73,086 341.9 73,915 340.9 73,580 337.1 76,282 345.3 81,306 362.2 ALL OFFENCES 1,576,843 7,376.5 1,651,571 7,617.7 1,653,316 7,573.4 1,813,918 8,209.7 2,009,886 8,954.1 (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

SECTION I TABLE 1.4 U.C.R. SUMMARY ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES( 1 ), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, 1975-1979 OFFENCE CATEGORY 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Total Violent Offences 135,424 594.0 136,935 592.5 135,745 582.8 138,972 590.9 147,528 621.2 Total Property Offences 1,041,036 4565.9 1,062,952 4599.5 1,059,688 4549.7 1,097,242 4665.7 1,186,697 4997.2 Other Crimes 409,345 1795.5 437,817 1894.5 458,587 1968.7 478,083 2032.9 521,046 2194.1 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 1,585,805 6955.4 1,637,704 7086.6 1,654,020 7101.5 1,714,297 7289.6 1,855,271 7812.6 Narcotic Control Act 50,081 219.6 59,738 258.5 63,131 270.8 57,893 246.2 60,615 255.2 Food & Drug Act 5,461 23.9 3,178 13.8 2,807 11.9 2,854 12.1 4,308 18.1 Other Federal Statutes 44,972 197.2 50,497 218.5 65,782 282.4 73,284 311.6 57,634 242.7 TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 100,514 440.7 113,413 490.8 131,720 565.1 134,031 569.9 122,557 516.0 PROVINCIAL STATUTES 381,388 1672.8 367,482 1590.1 379,588 1629.7 398,324 1693.8 438,204 1845.3 MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS 64,800 284.2 64,178 277.7 61,273 263.0 59,313 252.2 69,598 293.1 ALL OFFENCES 2,132,507 9353.1 2,182,777 9445.2 2,226,601 9559.3 2,305,965 9805.5 2,485,630 10467.0 (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue 11 85-205.

U.C.R. SECTION I TABLE 1.5 SUMMARY ACTUAL OFFENCES BY TYPE IN NUMBERS & RATES(), PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA, 1980-1985 OFFENCE CATEGORY 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 NO. RAFE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Total Violent Offences 155,864 648.3 162,228 666.4 168,646 684.6 172,315 692 179,397 714 189,822 749 Fotal Property Offences 1,334,619 5551.1 1,429,520 5872.3 1,466,923 5954.8 1,422,703 5717 1,408,663 5607 1,408,717 5555 Other Crimes 554,916 2308.1 576,453 2367.8 568,099 2306.1 553,615 2224 559,637 2227 575,636 2270 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 2,045,399 8507.4 2,168,201 8906.8 2,203,668 8945.5 2,148,633 8633 2,147,697 8548 2,174,175 8574 Narcotic Control Act 69,434 288.8 70,921 291.3 60,484 245.5 50,779 204 51,949 207 54,109 213 Food & Drug Act 4,762 19.8 4,183 17.2 4,152 16.8 4,068 17 3,001 12 3,096 12 Other Federal Statutes 45,589 189.6 45,320 186.1 48,229 195.8 45,764 184 36,887 147 38,915 153 TOTAL FEDERAL STATUTES 119,785 498.2 120,424 494.6 112,865 458.1 100,611 404 91,837 366 96,120 379 PROVINCIAL STATUTES 452,812 1883.4 481,232 1976.8 434,351 1763.2 408,939 1643 378,656 1507 359,559 1418 MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS 74,163 308.5 80,202 329.4 87,956 357.0 90,395 363 95,796 381 94,454 372 ALL OFFENCES 2,692,159 11197.5 2,850,059 11707.6 2,838,840 11525.0 2,748,578 11045 2,713,986 10802 2,724,308 10743 (1) All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics" annual catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals due to rounding. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. VIOLENT SECTION I TABLE 2.1 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE CANADA 1962-1966 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder 217 1.2 214 1.1 218 1.1 243 1.2 220 1.1 Manslaughter 48 0.3 34 0.2 35 0.2 34 0.2 28 0.1 Infanticide n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Homicide Total 265 1.4 248 1.3 253 1.3 277 1.4 248 1.2 Attempted Murder 83 0.4 108 0.6 121 0.6 111 0.6 131 0.7 Rape 579 3.1 549 2.9 745 3.9 641 3.3 652 3.3 Other Sexual Offences 6,072 32.7 6,412 33.9 6,687 34.7 6,802 34.6 8,140 40.7 Wounding 1,258 6.8 1,267 6.7 838 4.3 822 4.2 972 4.9 Other Assaults 27,818 149.7 32,760 173.0 40,459 209.7 44,551 226.8 53,533 267.5 Robbery 4,951 26.6 5,885 31.1 5,666 29.4 5,576 28.4 5,710 28.5 Total Crimes of Violence 41,026 220.8 47,2291 249.5 54,769 283.9 58,780 299.2 69,386 346.7 (1) Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after 1976. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", Annual Catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. VIOLENT SECTION I TABLE 2.2 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE CANADA 1972-1976 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder 479 2.2 475 2.1 545 2.4 633 2.8 615 2.7 Manslaughter 40 0.2 66 0.3 53 0.2 63 0.3 48 0.2 Infanticide n/a n/a n/a n/a 4 0.0 1 0.0 5 0.0 Homicide Total 519 2.4 541 2.4 602 2.6 697 3.1 1 668 2.9 Attempted Murder 412 1.9 483 2.2 521 2.3 642 2.8 692 3.0 Rape 1,285 5.9 1,594 7.2 1,823 8.1 1,848 8.1 1,828 7.9 Other Sexual Offences 9,582 43.9 10,402 47.1 9,288 41.4 9,052 39.7 8,783 38.0 Wounding 1,703 7.8 1,882 8.5 2,114 9.4 2,128 9.3 1,989 8.6 Other Assaults 85,135 390.0 89,696 406.0 94,750 422.1 99,758 437.6 102,925 445.4 Robbery 11,832 54.2 13,166 59.6 16,955 75.5 21,299 93.4 20,050 86.8 Total Crimes of Violence 110,468 506.0 117,764 533.0 126,053 561.6 135,424 594.0 136,935 592.5 (1) Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after 1976. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", Annual Catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. VIOLENT SECTION I TABLE 2.3 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE CANADA 1967-1971 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder 281 1.4 314 1.5 342 1.6 433 2.0 426 2.0 Manslaughter 56 0.3 60 0.3 44 0.2 34 0.2 47 0.2 Infanticide n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Homicide Total 337 1.7 374. 1.81 386 1.81 467 2.1 473 2.2 Attempted Murder 139 0.7 181 0.9 216 1.0 260 1.2 335 1.5 Rape 773 3.8 892 4.3 1,019 4.9 1,079 5.0 1,230 5.7 Other Sexual Offences 8,974 44.0 9,732 47.0 9,717 46.3 9,946 46.5 9,951 45.9 Wounding 1,030 5.1 1,293 6.2 1,641 7.8 1,641 7.7 1,852 8.5 Other Assaults 59,149 290.3 66,690 322.2 72,077 343.2 77,338 361.8 83,015 382.9 Robbery 7,212 35.4 8,382 40.5 10,028 47.8 11,630 54.4 11,239 51.8 Total Crimes of Violence 77,6141 380.9 87,544 422.9 95,084 452.81102,361 478.8 108,095 498.6 (1) Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after 1976. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", Annual Catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. SECTION I TABLE 2.4 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFEACE CANADA 1977-1981 VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder( 1 ) 624 2.6 590 2.5 587 2.5 493 2.1 599 2.4 Manslaughter 78 0.3 57 0.2 39 0.2 97 0.4 44 0.2 Infanticide 5 11 5 3 4 -- Homicide Total 707 3.0 658 2.8 631 2.7 593 2.5 1 647 2.7 Attempted Murder 684 2.9 742 3.2 754 3.2 792 3.3 900 3.6 Rape 1,886 8.0 2,014 8.6 2,291 9.6 2,315 9.6 2,559 10.5 Other Sexual Offences 9,046 38.7 9,584 40.8 10,042 42.3 10,472 43.6 10,754 44.1 Wounding 2,070 8.8 2,165 9.2 2,295 9.7 2,407 10.0 2,701 11.0 Other Assaults 101,861 437.3 104,136 442.8 110,616 465.8 114,704 477.1 118,375 486.3 Robbery 19,491 83.6 19,673 83.7 20,899 88.0 24,581 102.2 26,292 108.0 Total Crimes of Violence 135,745 582.8 138,972 590.9 147,528 621.2 155,864 648.3 1162,2281 666.4 (1) Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after 1976. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", Annual Catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over only. - Amount to small to be expressed. Updated November, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffice Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. SECTION I TABLE 2.5 VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS Er RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, 1982-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1982 1983 1984 1985 No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate Murder( 1 ) 624 2.5 625 2.5 621 2.5 651 2.6 Manslaughter 42 0.2 51 0.2 42 0.2 47 0.2 Infanticide 4 -- 6-5 - 6 - Homicide Total I 670 2.7 682 2.7 668 2.7 704 2.8 Attempted Murder 943 3.8 880 4 922 4 862 3 Sexual Assault( 2 ) 2,528 10.3 11,932 47 14,793 59 18,248 72 Other Sexual Offences 11,336 46.0 2,940 12 3,742 15 3,219 13 Assault( 3 ) 2,572 10.4 129,334 519 135,138 538 143,127 565 Robbery 123,340 500.7 24,274 98 23,310 93 22,752 90 Abduction 27,257 11 1.6 701 3 824 3 910 4 Other Violent Crimes( 4 ) 1,572 6 Not. app. - - - Total Crimes of Violence 1168,646 684.6 1172,315 692 ii 179,397 714 189,822 749 (1)Murder offences include all offences of capital and non capital murder prior to 1976, and first and second degree murder after 1976. (2) UCR data categorization reflects the January 1983 amendment to the Criminal Code in which 3 levels of sexual assault were introduced to replace Rape i.e., Aggravated 3. Sexual Assault, Sexual Assault with weapon and Sexual Assault. (3) Includes Assault Level 1, Assault with Weapon Causing Bodily Harm; Level 2, Aggravated Assault; Level 3, Unlawfully Causing Bodily Harm, Discharge Firearm with Intent, Police, Other Peace-Public Officers, Other Assaults. (4)Includes Sexual and Assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. - Amount too small to be expressed. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205 Statistics Canada, Homicide in Canada, annual, Catalogue #85-209

SECTION I TABLE 3 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE, AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, CANADA, 1962-1985 U.C.R. HOMICIDE TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE CRIMES TOTAL AS A PERCENT AS A PERCENT YEAR OF CRIMINAL OF TOTAL OF TOTAL HOMICIDE VIOLENCE CODE CRIMES OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES OFFENCES VIOLENCE CODE OFFENCES 1962 265 41,026 514,986 0.65 0.05 1963 248 47,229 572,105 0.53 0.04 1964 253 54,769 626,038 0.46 0.04 1965 277 58,780 628,418 0.47 0.04 1966 248 69,386 702,809 0.36 0.04 1967 337-7,614 784,568 0.43 0.04 1968 374 87,544 895,983 0.43 0.04 1969 386 95,084 992,661 0.41 0.04 1970 467 102,361 1,112,686 0.46 0.04 1971 473 108,095 1,169,211 0.44 0.04 1972 519 110,468 1,192,891 0.47 0.04 1973 541 117,764 1,302,938 0.46 0.04 1974 602 126,053 1,456,885 0.48 0.04 1975 697 135,424 1,585,805 0.51 0.04 1976 668 136,935 1,637,704 0.49 0.04 1977 707 135,745 1,654,020 0.52 0.04 1978 658 138,972 1,714,297 0.47 0.04 1979 631 147,528 1,855,271 0.43 0.03 1980 593 155,864 2,045,399 0.38 0.03 1981 647 162,228 2,168,201 0.40 0.03 1982 670 168,646 2,203,668 0.40 0.03 1983 682 172,315 2,148,633 0.40 0.03 1984 668 179,397 2,147,697 0.37 0.03 1985 704 189,822 2,174,175 0.37 0.03 Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree (known as Capital and Non Capital Murder prior to 1976), Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, Robbery and Abduction included in 1983. Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue 1185-205

U.C.R. HOMICIDE SECTION I TABLE 3.1 CATEGORIES OF HOMICIDE VICTIMS IN NUMBERS AND RATES, CANADA VICTIMS KILLED (1) (1) (2) DURING THE POLICE OFFICERS YEAR COMMISSION KILLED IN THE OF A CRIMINAL ACT LINE OF DUTY TOTAL HOMICIDES RATE PER RATE PER RATE PER 100,000 100,000 100,000 NO. POPULATION NO. POLICE NO. POPULATION *1962 43 0.2 11 39.7 265 1.4 1963 43 0.2 0 0 248 1.3 1964 37 0.2 2 6.5 253 1.3 1965 29 0.1 2 6.3 277 1.4 1966 33 0.2 3 8.8 248 1.2 1967 41 0.2 3 8.4 337 1.7 1968 58 0.3 5 13.5 374 1.8 1969 46 0.2 5 13.0 386 1.8 1970 123 0.6 3 7.5 467 2.1 1971 68 0.3 3 7.0 473 2.2 1972 104 0.5 3 6.9 519 2.4 1973 82 0.4 5 10.9 541 2.4 1974 81 0.4 6 12.5 602 2.6 1975 90 0.4 2 3.9 697 3.1 **1976 88 0.4 3 5.9 668 2.9 1977 122 0.5 5 9.7 707 3.0 1978 84 0.4 6 11.6 658 2.8 1979 92 0.4 1 1.9 631 2.7 1980 93 0.4 3 5.7 593 2.5 1981 129 0.5 5 9.3 647 2.7 1982 129 0.5 1 1.8 670 2.7 1983 118 0.5 1 1.9 682 2.7 1984 93 0.4 6 11.3 668 2.7 1985 N/A - 6( 3 ) 11.2 704 2.8 1986 N/A - 4( 3 ) N/A N/A - * Year of last execution. ** Year of abolition of capital punishment. Updated March, 1987 Source: (1) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Homicide in Canada, Catalogue 11 85-209 (2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics Catalogue 1185-205 (3) - Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police Bill C-84, an Act to amend the Criminal Code in Relation to the Punishment for Murder and certain other serious offences was passed in July 76. According to this Bill four forms of homicide now constitute first degree murder: planned and deliberate murders, murder of a police or custodial officer who is killed in the line of duty, murder committed in the course of certain criminal acts (hijacking, kidnapping, or sexual offences) or murder committed by a person that has been previously convicted of first or second degree murder. All other murder is second degree.

UCR HOMICIDE PROVINCE SECTION I TABLE 3.2 MURDER OFFENCE RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, CANADA AND THE PROVINCES, 1961-1985 PROVINCE 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 Newfoundland 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7 Prince Edward Island 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.7 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.9 0.0 0.9 0.0 Nova Scotia 0.7 1.1 0.4 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 New Brunswick 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 2.0 Quebec 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.9 2.3 1.9 2.5 2.2 Ontario 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.9 Manitoba 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.7 1.0 1.8 1.3 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.8 3.5 3.5 Saskatchewan 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.3 2.0 2.2 3.0 2.3 3.0 2.9 2.1 Alberta 1.1 1.1 1.8 1.3 1.0 1.6 2.2 1.4 1.0 2.3 2.5 1.8 1.7 British Columbia 1.5 2.9 1.7 1.8 2.9 2.4 2.0 2.9 2.2 3.2 2.4 3.4 3.2 CANADA 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1-1.2 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.1 PROVINCE 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 Newfoundland 0.4 0.5 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 Prince Edward Island 1.7 0.0 1.6 0.0 2.4 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.0 0 0.8 Nova Scotia 0.7 1.7 2.8 1.3 1.1 1.7 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.5 2.5 New Brunswick 2.4 1.6 1.6 1.9 ' 3.1 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.8 1.8 Quebec 2.6 3.3 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.8 1.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.1 Ontario 1.8 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.0 Manitoba 3.9 3.1 2.6 3.7 3.6 3.5 2.4 3.3 3.0 3.4 3.7 2.1 Saskatchewan 3.2 3.4 3.3 4.6 2.5 3.4 2.9 2.6 3.5 3.1 2.9 2.3 Alberta 2.3 2.5 3.4 3.2 3.6 2.4 2.1 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.1 2.5 British Columbia 4.2 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 CANADA 2.4 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 Murder includes capital and non-capital murder prior to 1976 and first degree and second degree murder after 1976. All rates in this table are calculated for 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. - Indicates too few to calculate. Updated April, 1987 Source: 1. Statistics Canada - Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, - Annual, catalogue #85-205. 2. Statistics Canada - Homicide in Canada - Annual Catalogue 85-209.

U.C.R. VIOLENT SECTION I TABLE 4 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, CANADA, 1962-1985 VIOLENT AS A TOTAL TOTAL PERCENTAGE YEAR CRIMES OF CRIMINAL ALL OF TOTAL VIOLENCE CODE OFFENCES CRIMINAL OFFENCES CODE OFFENCES 1962 41,026 514,986 796,675 8.0 1963 47,229 572,105 874,572 8.3 1964 54,769 626,038 960,917 8.8 1965 58,780 628,418 989,451 9.4 1966 69,386 702,809 1,094,889 9.9 1967 77,614 784,568 1,188,704 9.9 1968 87,544 895,983 1,333,923 9.8 1969 95,084 992,661 1,468,631 9.6 1970 102,361 1,112,686 1,576,843 9.2 1971 108,095 1,169,211 1,651,571 9.3 1972 110,468 1,192,891 1,653,316 9.3 1973 117,764 1,302,938 1,813,918 9.0 1974 126,053 1,456,885 2,009,886 8.7 1975 135,424 1,585,805 2,132,507 8.5 1976 136,935 1,637,704 2,182,777 8.4 1977 135,745 1,654,020 2,226,601 8.2 1978 138,972 1,714,297 2,305,965 8.1 1979 147,528 1,855,271 2,485,630 8.0 1980 155,864 2,045,399 2,692,159 7.6 1981 162,228 2,168,201 2,850,059 7.5 1982 168,646 2,203,668 2,838,840 7.7 1983 172,315 2,148,633 2,748,578 8.0 1984 179,397 2,147,697 2,713,986 8.4 1985 189,822 2,174,175 2,724,308 8.7 Total Crimes of Violence include: Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), Robbery and Abduction included in 1983. Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue 1185-205

U.C.R. PROPERTY SECTION I TABLE 5.1 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, 1962-1964 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1962 1963 1964 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 82,104 441.8 94,249 497.9 97,224 504.0 Theft Motor Vehicle 33,482 180.2 37,255 196.8 39,930 207.0 Theft Over $200( 1 ) 59,370 319.5 62,784 331.6 66,934 347.0 Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 141,870 763.4 157,266 830.7 170,685 884.8 Possession of Stolen Goods 4,624 24.9 5,563 29.4 6,011 31.2 Frauds 30,033 161.6 30,400 160.6 33,264 172.4 TOTAL PROPERTY 351,483 1891.4 1 387,517 12047.0 414,048 2146.3 (1) Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

SECTION I TABLE 5.2 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, 1965-1969 U.C.R. PROPERTY TYPE OF OFFENCES 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 96,530 491.4 102,132 510.3 119,394 585.9 144,895 699.9 161,677 769.9 Theft Motor Vehicle 38,107 194.0 39,655 198.1 44,768 219.7 51,712 249.8 59,531 283.5 Theft Over $200( 1 ) 67,925 345.8 75,841 378.9 86,889 426.4 99,167 479.0 119,742 570.2 Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 169,986 865.3 190,480 951.7 206,945 1015.5 232,941 1125.3 246,212 1172.4 Possession of Stolen Goods 5,739 29.2 6,074 30.3 6,658 32.7 7,725 37.3 10,354 49.3 Frauds 32,401 164.9 37,798 188.8 41,497 203.6 48,556 234.6 57,788 275.2 TOTAL PROPERTY 410,688 2090.7 451,980 2258.2 506,151 2483.8 584,996 2825.9 655,304 3120.3 (1) Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue 11 85-205 prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annuel, Catalogue #85-205.

SECTION I TABLE 5.3 U.C.R. PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, 1970-1974 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 177,712 831.3 188,462 869.2 190,939 874.6 198,043 896.3 233,362 1,039.6 Theft Motor Vehicle 62,805 293.8 65,887 303.9 70,386 322.4 71,593 324.0 83,309 371.1 Theft Over $200( 1 ) 150,010 701.7 172,386 795.1 149,356 684.2 63,383 286.9 79,745 355.3 Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 278,765 1,304.0 294,110 1,356.5 314,202 1,439.3 414,591 1,876.4 459,192 2,045.7 Possession of Stolen Goods 11,956 55.9 12,353 57.0 13,842 63.4 13,945 63.1 15,312 68.2 Frauds 67,271 314.7 68,181 314.5 68,743 314.9 71,774 324.8 75,873 338.0 TOTAL PROPERTY 748,519 3,501.5 801,379 3,696.2 807,468 3,698.8 833,329 3,771.6 946,793 4,218.0 (1) Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue 11 85-205 prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue 1185-205.

SECTION I TABLE 5.4 U.C.R. PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, 1975-1979 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 260,652 1,143.2 268,332 1,161.1 270,659 1,162.0 278,480 1,184.2 296,437 1,248.3 Theft Motor Vehicle 90,791 398.2-87,627 379.2 84,252 361.7 83,130 353.4 91,445 385.1 Theft Over $200( 1 ) 94,957 416.5 105,381 456.0 114,000 489.4 130,024 552.9 169,950 715.7 Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 492,372 2,159.5 497,662 2,153.4 486,821 2,090.1 497,336 2,114.8 516,184 2,173.7 Possession of Stolen Goods 16,240 71.2 17,686 76.5 18,433 79.1 19,715 83.8 20,997 88.4 Frauds 86,024 377.3 86,264 373.3 85,523 367.1 88,557 376.6 91,684 386.1 TOTAL PROPERTY 1,041,036 4,565.9 1,062,952 4,599.5 1,059,688 4,549.7 1,097,242 4,665.7 1,186,697 4,997.2 (1) Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Updated April, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue 1185-205.

SECTION I TABLE 5.5 U.C.R. PROPERTY ACTUAL FROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, CANADA, 1980-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 349,694 1,454.5 367,250 1,508.6 369,882 1,501.4 362,376 1,456 356,912 1,421 356,744 1,407 Theft Motor Vehicle 93,928 390.7 96,229 395.3 86,997 353.2 75,988 305 76,613 305 82,250 324 Theft Over $200( 1 ) 224,595 934.2 266,288 1,093.8 295,261 1,198.6 292,973 1,177 304,556 1,212 308,969 1,218 Theft $200 and Under( 1 ) 539,490 2,243.9 561,827 2,307.9 570,556 2,316.1 548,229 2,203 523,485 2,084 512,928 2,023 Possession of Stolen Goods 24,657 102.6 25,599 105.1 25,830 104.9 24,767 100 24,322 97 24,686 97 Frauds 102,255 425.3 112,327 461.4 118,397 480.6 118,370 476 122,775 489.123,140 486 TOTAL PROPERTY 1,334,619 5,551.1 1,429,520 5,872.3 1,466,923 5,954.8 1,422,703 5,716 1,408,663 5,607 1,408,717 5,555 Prior to 1971 theft was classified as theft over $50 or theft of $50 or less. From 1972 on theft was classified as theft over $200 or theft of $200 or less. All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 general population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual, catalogue 1185-205 prior to 1970 were calculated on the population aged 7 and over. Rates may not add to totals, due to rounding. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue 1/85-205.

SECTION I TABLE 6 PROPERTY CFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, CANADA, 1962-1985 U.C.R. PROPERTY PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL OF CRIMINAL PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES 1962 351,483 514,986 796,675 68.3 1963 387,517 572,105 874,572 67.7 1964 414,048 626,038 960,917 66.1 1965 410,688 628,418 989,451 65.4 1966 451,980 702,809 1,094,889 64.3 1967 506,151 784,568 1,188,704 64.5 1968 584,996 895,983 1,333,923 65.3 1969 655,304 992,661 1,468,631 66.0 1970 748,519 1,112,686 1,576,843 67.3 1971 801,379 1,169,211 1,651,571 68.5 1972 807,468 1,192,891 1,653,316 67.7 1973 833,329 1,302,938 1,813,918 64.0 1974 946,793 1,456,885 2,009,886 65.0 1975 1,041,036 1,585,805 2,132,507 65.6 1976 1,062,952 1,637,704 2,182,777 64.9 1977 1,059,688 1,654,020 2,226,601 64.1 1978 1,097,242 1,714,297 2,305,965 64.0 1979 1,186,697 1,855,271 2,485,630 64.0 1980 1,334,619 2,045,399 2,692,159 65.3 1981 1,429,520 2,168,201 2,850,059 65.9 1982 1,466,923 2,203,668 2,838,840 66.6 1983 1,422,703 2,148,633 2,748,578 66.2 1984 1,408,663 2,147,697 2,713,986 65.6 1985 1,408,717 2,174,175 2,724,308 64.8 Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, 'Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Violent offences, All Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) All Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION I TABLE 7.1 NIMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, 1962-1964 U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED 1962 TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 18,824 55,365 45,650 119,839 460 86 22,506 23,032 177,073 39,469 359,413 Males Charged 17,980 51,552 41,113 110,645 307 59 20,670 21,036 163,890 36,322 331,893 Females Charged 844 3,813 4,537 9,194 153 7 1,836 1,996 13,183 3,147 27,520 JUVENILES CHARGED 1,310 20,240 4,763 26,313 0 0 817 817 3,447 1,337 31,914 1963 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 20,041 58,677 47,387 126,105 496 53 18,616 19,165 196,833 42,005 384,108 Males Charged 19,083 53,739 42,925 115,747 327 45 17 506 17,878 181,259 38,411 353,295 Females Charged 958 4,938 4,462 10,358 169 8 1,110 1,287 15,574 3,594 30,813 JUVENILES CHARGED 1,462 23,537 5,683 30,682 0 0 909 909 3,974 1,571 37,136 1964 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 22,598 59,228 55,538 137,364 468 26 21,118 21,612 217,242 32,878 409,096 Males Charged 21,578 53,398 49,699 124,675 297 26 19,886 20,209 200,541 30,050 375,475 Females Charged 1,020 5,830 5,839 12,689 171 0 1,232 1,403 16,701 2,828 33,621 JUVENILES CHARGED 1,609 27,216 7,784 36,609 4 0 1,546 1,550 6,226 1,079 45,464 (1) From 1962-1978 figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED SECTION I TABLE 7.2 N IMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, 1965-1967 1965 TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 23,554 58,670 51,039 133,263 592 38 20,438 21,068 240,413 39,540 434,284 Males Charged 22,378 52,357 45,725 120,460 368 31 19,142 19,541 221,438 35,694 397,133 Females Charged 1,176 6,313 5,314 12,803 224 7 1,296 1,527 18,975 3,846 37,151 JUVENILES CHARGED 1,774 27,545 8,273 37,592 7 0 1,388 1,395 8,826 1,897 49,710 1966 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 26,176 62,102 54,571 142,849 786 16 25,495 26,297 255,713 43,164 468,023 Males Charged 24,806 55,028 49,061 128,895 601 16 23,593 24,210 236,517 38,827 428,449 Females Charged 1,370 7,074 5,510 13,954 185 0 1,902 2,087 19,196 4,337 39,574 1967 JUVENILES CHARGED I 2,070 29,152 8,497 39,719 7 0 1,258 1,265 9,130 2,842 52,956 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED I 27,558 65,766 57,865 151,189 1,693 49 24,779 26,521 266,686 47,596 491,992 Males Charged 26,296 57,766 52,024 136,086 1,317 44 22,888 24,249 247,304 41,763 449,402 Females Charged 1,262 8,000 5,841 15,103 376 5 1,891 2,272 19,382 5,833 42,590 JUVENILES CHARGED! 2,213 32,187 9,292 43,692 128 5 1,289 1,422 8,881 2,376 56,371 (1) From 1962-1978 figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED SECTION I TABLE 7.3 NUMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, 1968-1970 1968 TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 29,702 74,775 61,135 165,612 2,809 173 26,847 29,829 245,697 49,897 491,035 Males Charged 28,154 66,594 55,184 149,932 2,351 161 25,193 27,705 229,323 44,412 451,372 Females Charged 1,548 8,181 5,951 15,680 458 12 1,654 2,124 16,374 5,485 39,663 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,831 38,314 11,045 52,190 291 14 1,779 2,084 9,126 2,729 66,129 1969 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 31,413 83,746 61,902 177,061 4,623 801 30,147 35,571 254,982 45,412 513,026 Males Charged 29,783 73,758 55,956 159,497 4,032 732 28,370 33,134 238,711 39,654 470,996 Females Charged 1,630 9,988 5,946 17,564 591 69 1,777 2,437 16,271 5,758 42,030 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,796 40,467 7,933 51,196 647 128 1,550 2,325 6,013 1,945 61,479 1970 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 34,224 97,893 64,316 196,433 9,822 2,570 20,349 32,741 235,455 43,659 508,288 Males Charged 32,287 84,731 58,032 175,050 8,596 2,277 19,289 30,162 219,954 38,268 463,434 Females Charged 1,937 13,162 6,284 21,383 1,226 293 1,060 2,579 15,501 5,391 44,854 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,990 41,266 7,900 52,156 813 257 1,108 2,178 7,165 1,475 62,974 (1) From 1962-1978 figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue 05-205

U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED SECTION I TABLE 7.4 NUMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, 1971-1973 1971 TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 35,858 104,589 64,796 205,243 12,597 2,532 20,853 35,982 227,164 41,807 510,196 Males Charged 33,644 88,897 57,928 180,469 11,217 2,282 19,669 33,168 211,955 36,521 462,113 Females Charged 2,214 15,692 6,868 24,774 1,380 250 1,184 2,814 15,209 5,286 48,083 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,898 43,244 8,064 54,206 1,024 244 1,044 2,312 8,860 1,345 66,723 1972 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 36,655 107,829 70,607 215,091 19,052 3,217 20,118 42,387 216,874 39,861 514,213 Males Charged 34,189 90,290 63,321 187,800 16,709 2,796 18,960 38,465 203,450 35,333 465,048 Females Charged 2,466 17,539 7,286 27,291 2,343 421 1,158 3,922 13,424 4,528 49,165 JUVENILES CHARGED 2,839 42,001 7,479 52,319 844 216 1,021 2,081 9,474 1,241 65,115 1973 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 40,371 112,470 86,263 239,104 38,798 4,595 20,244 63,637 231,161 35,987 569,889 Males Charged 37,312 93,100 75,976 206,388 34,220 3,941 19,086 57,247 216,162 31,646 511,443 Females Charged 3,059 19,370 10,287 32,716 4,578 654 1,158 6,390 14,999 4,341 58,446 JUVENILES CHARGED 3,150 46,704 8,451 58,305 2,221 262 1,124 3,607 10,958 1,115 73,985 (1) From 1962-1978 figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED SECTION I TABLE 7.5 NUMBER OF AOULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, 1974-1976 1974 TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 41,995 123,174 86,931 252,100 43,876 3,757 20,697 68,330 256,365 28,880 605,675 Males Charged 38,855 101,059 77,111 217,025 39,544 3,278 19,171 61,993 240,509 25,585 545,112 Females Charged 3,140 22,115 9,820 35,075 4,332 479 1,526 6,337 15,856 3,295. 60,563 JUVENILES CHARGED 3,436 51,151 9,446 64,033 2,615 282 1,683 4,580 11,065 1,426 81,104 1975 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 42,920 138,408 92,559 273,887 40,341 3,601 19,967 63,909 267,340 26,400 631,536 Males Charged 39,465 113,469 82,528 235,462 36,512 3,138 18,417 58,067 249,803 23,440 566,772 Females Charged 3,455 24,939 10,031 38,425 3,829 463 1,550 5,842 17,537 2,960 64,764 JUVENILES CHARGED 3,752 57,617 9,843 71,212 2,279 294 1,572 4,145 11,817 1,617 88,791 1976 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 44,378 150,583 102,669 297,630 50,801 2,241 22,883 75,925 247,870 26,280 647,705 Males Charged 40,639 122,045 91,696 254,380 45,862 1,933 20,768 68,563 231,870 22,756 577,569 Females Charged 3,739 28,538 10,973 43,250 4,939 308 2,115 7,362 16,000 3,524 70,136 JUVENILES CHARGED 3,824 57,251 10,045 71,120 2,731 84 1,857 4,672 12,058 1,023 88,873 (1) From 1962-1978 figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated April 1985 Source: Statistics Canada Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue 1185-205

SECTION I TABLE 7.6 NUMBER OF ADULTS AND JJVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, 1977-1979 U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED 1977 TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERFY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACE DRUG ACF STATUTES STAEUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 45,681 151,757 112,357 309,795 53,138 2,110 28,749 83,997 265,990 26,689 686,471 Males Charged 41,776 123,278 100,633 265,687 48,043 1,850 26,253 76,146 247,778 23,000 612,611 Females Charged 3,905 28,479 11,724 44,108 5,095 260 2,496 7,851 18,212 3,689 73,860 JUVENILES CHARGED 4,155 55,424 9,974 69,553 2,665 86 1,697 4,448 12,581 1,035 87,617 1978 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 47,611 164,024 114,634 326,269 46,660 2,215 31,755 80,630 277,285 25,743 709,927 Males Charged 43,502 130,785 102,976 277,263 41,877 1,900 28,736 72,513 258,165 21,982 629,923 Females Charged 4,109 33,239 11,658 49,006 4,783 315 3,019 8,117 19,120 3,761 80,004 JUVENILES CHARGED 4,089 56,360 9,943 70,392 2,389 76 1,901 4,366 11,927 722 87,407 1979 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 49,121 173,336 119,624 342,081 49,247 3,428 21,296 73,971 345,761 27,084 788,897 Males Charged 44,698 137,322 107,910 289,930 44,539 2,984 18,999 66,522 322,497 22,777 701,726 Females Charged 4,423 36,014 11,714 52,151 4,708 444 2,297 7,449 23,264 4,307 87,171 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 11,224 106,680 37,246 155,150 3,848 134 2,807 6,789 23,724 2,162 187,825 (1) From 1962-1978 figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. not charged. From 1979 on figures Include all juvenile offenders charged and Updated April 1985 A person who is simultaneously charged with more than one offence is counted only once against the most serious offence, even if the offence occurred in more than one incident. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION I TABLE 7.7 U.C.R. PERSONS CHARGED NUMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, 1980-1982 1980 TOFAL NARCOFIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERrY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD ec FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG Acr STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 52,769 195,078 127,420 375,267 55,590 3,641 16,975 76,206 342,641 27,756 821,870 Males Charged 47,844 156,425 114,590 318,859 50,141 3,157 14,722 68,020 314,843 23,634 725,356 Females Charged 4,925 38,653 12,830 56,408 5,449 484 2,253 8,186 27,798 4,122 96,514 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 11,885 114,293 35,250 161,428 4,284 208 2,457 6,949 21,666 2,420 192,463 1981 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 53,808 210,341 130,374 394,523 55,879 3,122 17,533 76,534 363,249 32,112 866,418 Males Charged 48,690 168,927 117,103 334,720 50,620 2,715 15,166 68,501 334,741 27,163 765,125 Females Charged 5,118 41,414 13,271 59,803 5,259 407 2,367 8,033 28,508 4,949 101,293 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 9,322 112,827 34,043 156,192 3,730 138 2,166 6,034 22,182 2,845 187,253 1982 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 53,911 216,610 116,318 386,839 40,487 2,535 15,718 58,740 325,073 31,653 802,305 Males Charged 48,634 173,670 104,578 326,882 36,273 2,225 13,571 52,069 297,187 26,269 702,407 Females Charged 5,277 42,940 11,740 59,957 4,214 310 2,147 6,671 27,886 5,384 99,898 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 9,343 103,232 31,557 144,132 2,596 102 1,649 4,347 19,698 2,765 170,942 (1) From 1962-1978 figures for Juveniles include boys a nd girls charged only. not charged. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and Updated April 1985 A person who is simultaneously charged with more than one offence is counted only once against the most serious offence, even if the offence occurred in more than one incident. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION I TABLE 7.8 PERSONS CHARGED NIMBER OF ADULTS AND JUVENILES( 1 ) CHARGED BY MAJOR OFFENCE, CANADA, 1983-1985 1983 TOTAL NARCOTIC OTHER ALL PERSONS CHARGED VIOLENT PROPERTY OTHER CRIMINAL CONTROL FOOD & FEDERAL FEDERAL PROVINCIAL MUNICIPAL TOTAL OFFENCES OFFENCES CRIMES CODE ACT DRUG ACT STATUTES STATUTES STATUTES BY-LAWS PERSONS TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 64,531 220,128 120,156 404,815 37,882 2,686 15,169 55,737 308,030 28,738 797,320 Males Charged 58,161 176,270 107,362 341,793 33,726 2,348 12,989 49,063 279,968 24,068 694,892 Females Charged 6,370 43,858 12,794 63,022 4,156 338 2,180 6,674 28,062 4,670 102,428 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 9,952 109,595 33,866 153,413 2,371 145 1,612 4,128 20,116 2,959 180,616 1984 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 68,584 212,095 117,224 397,903 36,505 1,910 10,708 49,123 280,125 29,239 756,390 Males Charged 61,971 168,361 104,570 334,902 32,836 1,671 9,171 43,678 254,429 24,836 657,845 Females Charged 6,613 43,734 12,654 63,001 3,669 239 1,537 5.,445 25,696 4,403 98,545 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 9,428 90,897 28,122 128,447 2,344 91 1,078 3,513 13,595 3,021 148,576 1985 TOTAL ADULTS CHARGED 71,730 193,086 111,474 376,290 I 35,437 1,816 7,903 45,156 247,278 26,297 695,021 Males Charged 64,759 151,554 99,308 315,621 31,701 1,604 6,950 40,255 224,493 21,780 602,149 Females Charged 6,971 41,532 12,166 60,669 3,736 212 953 4,901 22,785 4,517 92,872 JUVENILE OFFENDERS 12,938 107,449 36,222 156,609 4,108 182 1,105 5,395 23,777 3,177 188,958 (1) From 1962-1978 figures for Juveniles include boys and girls charged only. From 1979 on figures include all juvenile offenders charged and not charged. Updated November 1986 A person who is simultaneously charged with more than one offence is counted only once against the most serious offence, even if the offence occurred in more than one incident. Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205

cf) C r P r) rt. e. e lc (II I I

SECTION II TABLE 8.1 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEWFOUNDLAND, 1978-1982 U.C.R. - NFLD. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 6 0.9 3-3 - 4-5 0.8 Manslaughter 1-2 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 Infanticide 2-0 0 0 0 0 0 1 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 9 1.5 5 0.8 3 I - 4 I - 6 1 1.0 Attempted Murder 3 3-6 1.0 4 2 - Rape 42 7.3 34 5.9 33 5.6 40 6.8 32 5.6 Other Sexual Offences 181 31.8 166 28.9 174 30.0 191 32.6 223 39.1 Wounding 5 0.8 5 0.8 6 1.0 7 1.1 11 1.9 Other Assaults 2,316 407.1 2,255 392.9 2,317 399.5 2,466 421.0 2,977 523.0 Robbery 53 9.3 75 13.0 72 12.4 64 10.9 54 9.4 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 2,609 458.6 2,543 443.0 I 2,611 450.2 I 2,776 473.8 3,305 580.6 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - NFLD. SECTION II TABLE 8.1 (Continued) VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEWFOUNDLAND, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 4-4 - 4 - Manslaughter 1-1 - 1 _ Infanticide 1-1 - 0 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 6 1 6 1 5 1 Attempted Murder 5 1 2-8 1 Rape Other Sexual Offences :I 263* 44 :I 280* 49 I 364 63 Wounding Other Assaults :I 3,121* 541 :I 3,126* 540 -I 3,085 532 Robbery 75 13 100 17 60 10 Abduction 8 1 13 2 9 2 Other Crime Offences 5** 1 Not app. - Not. app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 3,483 I 603 3,527 I 609 3,531 609 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue 1185-205

ACTUAL SECTION II TABLE 8.2 VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, 1978-1982 U.C.R. - P.E.I. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 3 2.4 0 0 1 0.8 1 0.8 0 0 Manslaughter 1 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Infanticide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 4 3.2 0 0 1 0.8 1 0.8 0 0 Attempted Murder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.8 Rape 6 4.9 1 0.8 2 1.6 7 5.6 4 3.2 Other Sexual Offences 16 13.1 21 17.1 23 18.5 50 40.2 31 25.3 Wounding 2 1.6 2 1.6 5 4.0 2 1.6 2 1.6 Other Assaults 384 314.7 415 337.9 363 292.0 387 311.3 447 364.0 Robbery 8 6.5 6 4.8 10 8.0 14 11.2 12 9.7 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 420 I 344.2 445 1 362.3 1 404 325.0 461 1 370.8 497 404.7 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

SECTION II TABLE 8.2 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION,.BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, 1983-1985 U.C.R. - P.E.I. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 0 0 0 0 1 1 Manslaughter 0 0 0 0 0 0 Infanticide 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 0 0 0 0 1 1 Attempted Murder 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rape Other Sexual Offences -11 56* '45 --I 120* 95 1 93 73 Wounding Other Assaults 3 465* 375 I 525* 417 I. 510 402 Robbery 24 19 15 12 14 11 Abduction 3 2 4 3 4 3 Other Crime Offences 0** 0 Not app. - Not. app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 548 I 442 664 I 527 622 490 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 8.3 - N.S. - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NOVA SCOTIA, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 10 1.1 15 1.7 9 1.0 10 1.1 9 1.0 Manslaughter 3-1 - 3-0 0 2 - Infanticide 0 0 1-0 0 0 0 1 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 13 1.5 17 2.0 12 1.4 I 10 1.1 12 1.4 Attempted Murder 11 1.3 14 1.6 14 1.6 16 1.8 19 2.2 Rape 61 7.2 72 8.5 87 10.2 78 9.1 79 9.2 Other Sexual Offences 259 30.8 260 30.7 315 36.9 244 28.4 286 33.6 Wounding 53 6.3 43 5.0 39 4.5 46 5.3 58 6.8 Other Assaults 3,640 432.7 3,713 438.4 3,862 453.0 3,985 465.0 4,084 479.2 Robbery 364 43.2 318 37.5 413 48.4 414 48.3 376 44.1 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 4,401 523.1 4,437 523.9 4,742 556.2 4,793 1 559.2 4,914 576.6 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. SECTION 8.3 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NOVA SCOTIA, 1983-1985 - 1114 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 11 2 13 2 22 2 Manslaughter 0 0 1-3 _ Infanticide 2 0 1-1 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 13 I 2 15 I 2 26 I 3 Attempted Murder Rape 13 2 16 2 7 1 Other Sexual Offences Wounding =I 371* 43 7-1 655* 74 :I 526 60 Other Assaults -I 4,273* 497 :I 4,079* 468 I 4,329 492 Robbery 398 46 367 42 277 31 Abduction 34 4 29 3 38 4 Other Crime Offences 13** 2 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 5,115 595 5,161 I 592 5,203 I 591 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 8.4 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS Er RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEW BRUNSWICK, 1978-1982 U.C.R. - N.B. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 22 3.1 11 1.4 9 1.1 13 1.7. 10 1.3 Manslaughter 4 0.5 0 0 0 0 4 0.5 3 - Infanticide 1-0 0 0 0 0-0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 27 3.8 11 1.5 9 1.2 17 2.3 13 1.8 Attempted Murder 14 2.0 8 1.1 13 1.8 16 2.2 7 1.0 Rape 28 4.0 25 3.5 30 4.2 49 6.8 30 4.2 Other Sexual Offences 163 23.4 185 26.4 248 35.1 254 35.8 206 29.5 Wounding 17 2.4 22 3.1 33 4.6 35 4.9 34 4.8 Other Assaults 2,625 377.7 2,979 425.0 2,756 389.8 2,836 399.1 3,157 451.6 Robbery 140 20.1 153 21.8 133 18.8 157 22.0 188 26.8 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 3,014 I 433.6 I 3,383 482.5 I 3,222 455.6, 3,364 473.4 I 3,635 519.9 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

SECTION II TABLE 8.4 (Continued) U.C.R. - N.B. - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEW BRUNSWICK, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 10 1 13 2 13 2 Manslaughter 1-1 - 1 _ Infanticide 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 11 1 2 14 1 2 14 I 2 Attempted Murder 10 1 3-11 2 Rape Other Sexual Offences :I 271* 39 :I 315* 44 :I 448 63 Wounding -t Other Assaults I 3,369* 476 :I 3,465* 486 :I 3,278 455 Robbery 186 26 161 23 156 22 Abduction 11 2 18 3 15 2 Other Crime Offences 30** 4 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 3,888 I 550 3,976 557 3,922 545 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 8.5 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, QUEBEC, 1978-1982 U.C.R. - QUE. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 163 2.5 181 2.8 129 1.9 177 2.7 183 2.7 Manslaughter 15-3 - 52 0.8 8 _ 9 _ Infanticide 1-2 - 0 0 1-0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 179 I 2.8 186 1 2.9 181 2.8 186 2.9 192 2.9 Attempted Murder 232 3.6 242 3.8 266 4.2 312 4.9 288 4.4 Other Sexual Offences 2,161 34.3 2,600 41.3 2,364 37.5 2,299 36.3 2,166 33.4 Wounding 398 6.3 403 6.3 394 6.2 488 7.6 394 6.0 Other Assaults 12,188 193.9 14,143 224.6 14,334 227.4 15,423 243.3 14,826 228.7 Robbery 9,610 152.9 11,052 175.4 13,061 207.2 13,691 215.9 13,172 203.1 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 25,202 400.9 29,176 463.1 31,131 493.8 32,950 519.7 1 31,572 487.0 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

ACTUAL I lle U.C.R. - SECTION II BLE 8.5 (Continued) -11PENT VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, QUEBEC, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 179 3 191 3 207 3 Manslaughter 11-7 - 10 - Infanticide 0 0 1-2 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 190 3 199 3 219 3 Attempted Murder 294 5 334 5 315 5 Rape Other Sexual Offences :1 2,948* 45 :1 3,348* 52 I 3,254 49 Wounding Other Assaults :1 16,246* 250 :1 17,875* 273 I 19,448 296 Robbery 10,748 165 10,403 159 10,502 160 Abduction 96 1 98 1 109 2 Other Crime Offences 195** 3 Not. app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 30,717 471 32,257 493 33,847 514 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 8.6 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ONTARIO, 1978-1982 U.C.R. - ONT. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 164 1.8 161 1.8 137 1.5 160 1.8 175 1.9 Manslaughter 13-13 - 19-8 - 8 _ Infanticide 4-1 - 3-2 - 1 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 181 2.1 175 2.0 159 1.8 170 1.9 184 2.1 Attempted Murder 201 2.3 199 2.3 198 2.3 193 2.2 201 2.3 Rape 538 6.3 597 7.0 555 6.4 600 6.9 614 7.0 Other Sexual Offences 3,615 42.8 3,791 44.6 3,876 45.3 3,995 46.3 4,039 46.3 Wounding 820 9.7 801 9.4 800 9.3 953 11.0 802 9.2 Other Assaults 42,403 502.1 43,258 508.9 44,527 519.5 44,747 518.8 45,560 522.7 Robbery 4:690 55.5 4,626 54.4 5,321 62.0 5,271 61.1 5,646 64.7 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 52,448 I 621.1 I 53,447 I 628.8 55,436 I 646.8 I 55,929 648.4 I 57,046 I 654.5 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - ONT. SECTION II TABLE 8.6 (Continued) - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ONTARIO, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 183 2 175 2 179 2 Manslaughter 16-13 - 13 - Infanticide 3-2 - 1 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 202 2 190 2 193 I 2 Attempted Murder 233 3 238 3 200 2 Rape Other Sexual Offences 14,810* 55 II Wounding 6,097* 67 3 7,721 85 Other Assaults 11 48,947* 554 1, 50 983* 560 1 53,492 589 Robbery 5,824 66 5,714 64 5,303 58 Abduction 269 3 316 4 335 4 Other Crime Offences 803** 9 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 61,088 I 693 I 62,785 702 67,244 742 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 8.7 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, MANITOBA, 1978-1982 U.C.R. - MAN. VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 38 3.6 37 3.5 26 2.4 35 3.3 32 3.0 Manslaughter 1-7 0.6 5-6 0.5 3 - Infanticide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 39 3.7 44 I 4.2 31 3.0 41 I 3.9 35 3.3 Attempted Murder 63 6.1 75 7.2 64 6.2 82 7.9 95 9.1 Rape 111 10.7 143 13.8 168 16.3 172 16.6 166 16.0 Other Sexual Offences 408 39.5 448 43.5 441 42.9 486 47.2 457 44.1 Wounding 180 17.4 178 17.2 192 18.6 195 18.9 193 18.6 Other Assaults 4,388 425.0 3,981 386.3 4,078 396.6 4,554 441.7 5,330 514.9 Robbery 669 64.8 769 74.6 833 81.0 1,041 100.9 948 91.5 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 5,858 567.4 5,638 I 547.1 5,807 I 564.7 I 6,571 I 637.3 7,224 697.8 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - MAN. SECTION II TABLE 8.7 (Continued) VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, MANITOBA, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 36 3 39 4 22 2 Manslaughter 4-4 - 4 - Infanticide 0 0 0-0 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 40 4 43 I 4 26 2 Attempted Murder 43 4 59 6 72 7 Rape -t Other Sexual Offences I 815* 78 1,053* 100 :I 1,180 111 Wounding Other Assaults :I 6,937* 662 7,654* 723 1 8,193 765 Robbery 1,072 102 929 88 1,100 103 Abduction 59 6 47 4 64 6 Other Crime Offences 41** 4 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 9,007 860 9,785 1 925 I 10,635 I 994 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. * * Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 8.8 U.C.R. - SASK. - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, SASKATCHEWAN, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 25 2.5 34 3.4 29 2.9 26 2.6 35 3.5 Manslaughter 4-2 - 2-3 - 4 - Infanticide 2-0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 31 3.2 36 I 3.7 31 3.1 29 2.9 39 3.9 Attempted Murder 32 3.3 52 5.4 51 5.2 52 5.3 81 8.2 Rape 91 9.6 106 11.0 116 11.9 116 11.8 148 15.1 Other Sexual Offences 229 24.1 239 25.0 258 26.6 253 25.8 341 34.8 Wounding 91 9.6 132 13.7 136 14.0 169 17.2 194 19.8 Other Assaults 4,788 505.5 4,975 519.8 4,936 509.3 5,010 511.4 4,971 507.5 Robbery 356 37.5 276 28.8 318 32.8 455 46.4 513 52.3 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 5,618 593.1 5,816 607.6 i 5,846 603.1 6,084 1 621.0 6,287 641.9 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

Ill, 411, Ill, SECTION II TABLE 8.8 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, SASKATCHEWAN, 1983-1985 U.C.R. - SASK. VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 31 3 29 3 23 2 Manslaughter 2-1 - 4 - Infanticide 0 0 0-1 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 33 3 30 3 28 3 Attempted Murder 67 7 68 7 72 7 Rape Other Sexual Offences :I 584* 59 :I 621* 60 :I 754 73 Wounding Other Assaults Il 5,748* 579 :I 6,424* 638 :I 6,698 657 Robbery 419 42 632 63 590 58 Abduction 49 5 60 6 70 7 Other Crime Offences 27** 3 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 6,927 698 7,835! 777 8,212 805 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue 11 85-205

SECTION II TABLE 8.9 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFEACES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ALBERTA, 1978-1982 U.C.R. - ALTA. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 72 3.6 52 2.4 46 2.1 66 3.0 67 2.8 Manslaughter 11 0.5 4-9 - 7-3 - Infanticide 1-0 0 0 0 1-0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 84 I 4.3 56 2.7 55 2.6 74 I 3.4 70 3.0 Attempted Murder 88 4.5 73 3.6 80 3.8 99 4.5 100 4.3 Rape 274 14.0 294 14.6 296 14.2 370 17.1 351 15.1 Other Sexual Offences 1,018 52.2 940 46.8 1,239 59.6 1,252 57.9 1,481 63.9 Wounding 233 11.9 305 15.1 298 14.3 324 14.9 378 16.3 Other Assaults 12,127 621.8 12,696 632.0 13,380 643.7 13,874 642.2 15,358 662.8 Robbery 1:358 69.6 1,392 69.2 1,737 83.5 2,031 94.0 2,239 96.6 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 15,182 778.4 15,756 I 784.3 17,085 I 821.9 I 18,024 834.2 19,977 862.1 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

SECTION II TABLE 8.9 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ALBERTA, 1983-1985 U.C.R. - ALTA. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 68 2 49 2 58 2 Manslaughter 7-5 - 4 - Infanticide 0 0 0-1 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 75 3 54 2 63 3 Attempted Murder 94 4 87 4 89 4 Rape Other Sexual Offences 1,874* 79 Wounding I 2,606* 110 :1 3,204 136 :14,701* 629 :1 15,670 667 Robbery 2,038 87 1,696 72 1,557 66 Other Assaults 14,916* 635 Abduction 75 3 101 4 126 5 Other Crime Offences 223** 9 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 19,295 821 1 19,245 I 822 I 20,709 882 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - B.C. - VIOLENT SECTION II TABLE 8.10 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 82 3.1 82 3.1 98 3.6 101 3.6 99 3.5 Manslaughter 3-7 - 7-8 _ 10 _ Infanticide 0 0 1-0 0 0 0 1 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 85 3.3 90 3.3 105 3.9 109 4.0 110 1 3.9 Attempted Murder 93 3.6 83 3.2 98 3.7 119 4.3 140 5.0 Rape 402 15.8 425 16.5 465 17.6 547 20.1 534 19.1 Other Sexual Offences 1,473 58.3 1,343 52.3 1,479 56.1 1,646 60.8 2,015 72.2 Wounding 338 13.3 370 14.4 476 18.0 452 16.6 462 16.5 Other Assaults 17,261 682.2 20,121 783.8 22,291 845.5 23,185 855.4 24,525 879.0 Robbery 2,387 94.3 2,198 85.6 2,647 100.3 3,102 114.4 4,058 145.4 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 22,039 871.0 1 24,630 1 959.5 27,561 11045.3 29,160 1075.7 31,844 11141.3 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

SECTION II TABLE 8.10 (Continued) ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1983-1985 U.C.R. - B.C. -VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 101 4 102 4 106 3 Manslaughter 7-8 7 - Infanticide 0 0 0 0 0 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 108 4 110 4 113 4 Attempted Murder 115 4 106 4 81 3 Rape Other Sexual Offences Wounding :I 2,680* 95 I 3,263* 114 :I 3,669 127 Other Assaults :I 23,017* 815 I 24,518* 856 I 25,721 889 Robbery 3,445 122 3,243 113 3,140 109 Abduction 94 3 134 5 132 5 Other Crime Offences 231** 8 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 29,690 1,051 31,374 1,095 32,856 1,136 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 8.11 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, YUKON, 1978-1982 U.C.R. - YUKON - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 2 9.2 4 18.4 2 9.2 1 4.5 2 8.4 Manslaughter 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Infanticide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 2 9.2 4 18.5 2 9.3 1 1 4.5 1 2 8.4 Attempted Mùrder 2 9.2 3 13.8 0 0 1 4.5 1 4.2 Rape 4 18.4 9 41.6 7 32.7 4 18.2 7 29.5 Other Sexual Offences 17 78.3 13 60.2 20 93.4 22 100.5 39 164.5 Wounding 6 27.6 5 23.1 4 18.6 3 13.6 13 54.8 Other Assaults 512 2359.4 540 2500.0 525 2453.3 591 2698.7 566 2388.2 Robbery 18 82.9 16 74.0 16 74.7 28 127.8 27 113.9 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 561 12585.2 590 2731.4 574 2682.2 650 2968.0 1 655 2763.7 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - YUKON SECTION II TABLE 8.11 (Continued) - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, YUKON, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 1 4 2 9 6 26 Manslaughter 0 0 0 0 0 - Infanticide 0 0 0 0 0 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 1 4 2 9 6 26 Attempted Murder 0 0 1 5 3 13 Rape Other Sexual Offences :1 42* 188 J. 44* 200 :I 68 296 Wounding t Other Assaults -] 486* 2179.-I 2* 63 2,874 I 763 3,317 Robbery 16 72 25 114 14 61 Abduction 1 4 1 5 0 - Other Crime Offences 0** 0 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 546 2448 705 3,205 I 854 3,713 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 8.12 ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, 1978-1982 U.C.R. - N.W.T. - VIOLENT TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 3 6.8 7 16.1 4 9.2 5 11.5 7 14.7 Manslaughter 1 2.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Infanticide 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL HOMICIDE 4 9.1 7 16.2 4 9.3 1 5 11.5 1 7 14.8 Attempted Murder 3 6.8 2 4.6 2 4.6 6 13.8 8 16.9 Rape 23. 52.8 35 81.0 25 58.1 25 57.8 29 61.4 Other Sexual Offences 44 101.2 36 83.3 35 81.4 62 143.5 52 110.2 Wounding 22 50.5 29 67.1 24 55.8 27 62.5 31 65.6 Other Assaults 1,504 3457.5 1,540 3564.8 1,335 3104.6 1,317 3048.6 1,539 3260.6 Robbery 20 45.9 18 41.6 20 46.5 24 55.5 24 50.8 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 1,620 3724.1 1,667 3858.7 1,445 13360.4 1,466 3393.5 1,690 3580.5 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due fo the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue 11 85-205.

SECTION II TABLE 8.12 (Continued) U.C.R. - N.W.T. - VIOLENT ACTUAL VIOLENT OFFENCES IN NUMBERS & RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Murder 1 2 4 8 10 20 Manslaughter 2 4 1 2 0 - Infanticide 0 0 0 0 0 - TOTAL HOMICIDE 3 6 5 I 10 10 20 Attempted Murder 6 12 8 16 4 8 Rape Other Sexual Offences :I 158* 36 I 134* 266 --I 186 365 Wounding Other Assaults :I 1,809* 3738 I 1,909* 3,818 :I 1,940 3,804 Robbery 29 60 25 50 39 76 Abduction 2 4 3 6 8 16 Other Crime Offences 4** 8 Not app. - Not app. - TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 2,011 4155 2,083 I4,166 2,187 4,288 Murder offences include all offences of First and Second Degree Murder. - Indicates too few to calculate. Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. * Breakdown for these offences is not available due to the proclamation Bill C-127 in 1983. ** Includes sexual and assault offence data reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated November 1986 Source: StatistiCs Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - NFLD. - HOMICIDE SECTION II TABLE 9.1 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEWFOUNDLAND, 1978-1985 TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Total 1978 9 2,609 27,138 0.34 0.03 1979 5 2,543 29,686 0.20 0.02 1980 3 2,611 29,616 0.12 0.01 1981 4 2,776 33,810 0.14 0.01 1982 6 3,305 35,626 0.18 0.02 1983 6 3,483 35,150 0.17 0.02 1984 6 3,527 34,303 0.17 0.02 1985 5 3,531 30,605 0.14 0.01 Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 9.2 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, 1978-1985 U.C.R. - P.E.I. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Total 1978 4 420 5,849 0.95 0.07 1979 0 445 6,444 0.00 0.00 1980 1 404 6,689 0.25 0.02 1981 1 461 7,171 0.22 0.01 1982 0 497 7,548 0.00 0.00 1983 0 548 6,993 0.00 0.00 1984 0 664 7,507 0.00 0.00 1985 1 622 7,517 0.16 0.01 Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - N.S. - HOMICIDE SECTION II TABLE 9.3 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL COW OFFENCES, NOVA SCOTIA, 1978-1985 TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Homicide 1978 13 4,401 49,942 0.30 0.03 1979 17 4,437 55,020 0.38 0.03 1980 12 4,742 57,355 0.25 0.02 1981 10 4,793 62,085 0.21 0.02 1982 12 4,914 64,636 0.24 0.02 1983 13 5,115 61,665 0.25 0.02 1984 15 5,161 61,956 0.29 0.02 1985 26 5,203 63,372 0.50 0.04 Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - N.B. - HOMICIDE SECTION II TABLE 9.4 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEW BRUNSWICK, 1978-1985 TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Homicide 1978 27 3,014 34,326 0.90 0.08 1979 11 3,383 41,091 0.33 0.03 1980 9 3,222 43,673 0.28 0.02 1981 17 3,364 46,770 0.51 0.04 1982 13 3,635 48,995 0.36 0.03 1983 11 3,888 48,241 0.26 0.02 1984 14 3,976 46,039 0.35 0.03 1985 14 3,922 47,174 0.36 0.03 Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Mot Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - QUE. - HOMICIDE SECTION II TABLE 9.5 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, QUEBEC, 1978-1985 TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES Homicide 1978 179 25,202 320,119 0.71 0.06 1979 186 29,176 384,787 0.64 0.05 1980 181 31,131 446,771 0.58 0.04 1981 186 32,950 472,994 0.56 0.03 1982 192 31,572 457,367 0.61 0.04 1983 190 30,717 431,518 0.62 0.04 1984 199 32,257 442,056 0.62 0.05 1985 219 33,847 457,733 0.65 0.05 Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 9.6 U.C.R. - ONT. - HOMICIDE HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ONTARIO, 1978-1985 TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES 1978 181 52,448 660,660 0.35 0.03 1979 175 53,447 698,436 0.33 0.03 1980 159 55,436 755,713 0.29 0.02 1981 170 55,929 772,068 0.30 0.02 1982 184 57,046 764,461 0.32 0.02 1983 202 61,088 745,997 0.33 0.03 1984 190 62,785 742,747 0.30 0.03 1985 193 67,244 739,734 0.29 0.03 Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Total Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 9.7 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, MANITOBA, 1978-1985 - MAN. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES 1978 39 5,858 82,596 0.67 0.05 1979 44 5,638 83,699 0.78 0.05 1980 31 5,807 95,747 0.53 0.03 1981 41 6,571 103,157 0.62 0.04 1982 35 7,224 110,213 0.48 0.03 1983 40 9,007 114,027 0.44 0.04 1984 43 9,785 115,269 0.44 0.04 1985 26 10,635 119,033 0.24 0.02 Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 9.8 U.C.R. - SASK. - HOMICIDE HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, SASKATCHEWAN, 1978-1985 TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES 1978 31 5,618 71,169 0.55 0.04 1979 36 5,816 69,885 0.62 0.05 1980 31 5,846 75,860 0.53 0.04 1981 29 6,084 86,929 0.48 0.03 1982 39 6,287 90,778 0.62 0.04 1983 33 6,927 93,769 0.48 0.04 1984 30 7,835 100,623 0.38 0.03 1985 28 8,212 106,998 0.34 0.03 Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 9.9 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ALBERTA, 1978-1985 U.C.R. - ALTA. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES 1978 84 15,182 165,276 0.55 0.05 1979 56 15,756 178,729 0.36 0.03 1980 55 17,085 203,120 0.32 0.03 1981 74 18,024 222,309 0.41 0.03 1982 70 19,977 230,819 0.35 0.03 1983 75 19,295 222,085 0.39 0.03 1984 54 19,245 203,096 0.28 0.03 1985 63 20,709 205,774 0.30 0.03 Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 9.10 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1978-1985 U.C.R. - B.C. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES 1978 85 22,039 284,469 0.39 0.03 1979 90 24,630 294,938 0.37 0.03 1980 105 27,561 318,093 0.38 0.03 1981 109 29,160 347,147 0.37 0.03 1982 110 31,844 379,105 0.35 0.03 1983 108 29,690 375,220 0.36 0.03 1984 110 31,374 379,025 0.35 0.03 1985 113 32,856 380,878 0.34 0.03 Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 9.11 U.C.R. - YUKON - HOMICIDE HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, YUKON, 1978-1985 TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES 1978 2 561 4,187 0.36 0.05 1979 4 590 4,221 0.68 0.10 1980 2 574 4,319 0.35 0.05 1981 1 650 5,127 0.15 0.02 1982 2 655 5,111 0.31 0.04 1983 1 546 4,284 0.18 0.02 1984 2 705 4,815 0.28 0.04 1985 6 854 4,471 0.70 0.13 Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 9.12 HOMICIDE OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AND TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, 1978-1985 U.C.R. - N.W.T. - HOMICIDE TOTAL TOTAL HOMICIDE HOMICIDE AS CRIMES CRIMINAL AS A PERCENT A PERCENT OF YEAR HOMICIDE OF CODE OF TOTAL TOTAL CRIMI- OFFENCES VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMES OF NAL CODE VIOLENCE OFFENCES 1978 4 1,620 8,566 0.25 0.05 1979 7 1,667 8,335 0.42 0.08 1980 4 1,445 8,443 0.28 0.05 1981 5 1,466 8,634 0.34 0.06 1982 7 1,690 9,009 0.41 0.08 1983 3 2,011 9,684 0.15 0.03 1984 5 2,083 10,261 0.24 0.05 1985 10 2,187 10,886 0.46 0.09 Total Homicide Offences include: Murder First Degree, Murder Second Degree Manslaughter and Infanticide. Crimes of Violence include: Homicide offences, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults Not Indecent, and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Violent offences, Property offences (i.e. Breaking & Entering, Motor Vehicle Theft, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods and Fraud), and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - NFLD. - VIOLENT SECTION II TABLE 10.1 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEWFOUNDLAND, 1978-1985 TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE 1978 2,609 27,138 36,422 9.61 1979 2,543 29,686 39,526 8.57 1980 2,611 29,616 40,698 8.82 1981 2,776 33,810 45,270 8.21 1982 3,305 35,626 45,371 9.28 1983 3,483 35,150 44,680 9.91 1984 3,527 34,303 44,635 10.28 1985 3,531 30,605 42,635 11.54 Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. P.E.I. - VIOLENT SECTION II TABLE 10.2 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, 1978-1985 TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total 1978 420 5,849 11,358 7.18 1979 445 6,444 11,412 6.91 1980 404 6,689 11,345 6.04 1981 461 7,171 11,455 6.43 1982 497 7,548 11,878 6.59 1983 548 6,993 12,174 7.84 1984 664 7,507 12,733 8.85 1985 622 7,517 12,709 8.27 Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, 7 Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.3 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NOVA SCOTIA, 1978-1985 - N.S. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total Crimes of Violence include: 1978 4,401 49,942 85,865 8.81 1979 4,437 55,020 94,074 8.06 1980 4,742 57,355 97,246 8.27 1981 4,793 62,085 101,956 7.72 1982 4,914 64,636 104,759 7.60 1983 5,115 61,665 90,743 8.29 1984 5,161 61,956 86,100 8.33 1985 5,203 63,372 87,309 8.21 Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: All Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205 Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws.

SECTION II TABLE 10.4 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEW BRUNSWICK, 1978-1985 U.C.R. - N.B. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total 1978 3,014 34,326 50,159 8.78 1979 3,383 41,091 58,191 8.23 1980 3,222 43,673 61,483 7.38 1981 3,364 46,770 62,237 7.19 1982 3,635 48,995 63,543 7.42 1983 3,888 48,241 62,680 8.06 1984 3,976 46,039 60,732 8.64 1985 3,922 47,174 61,835 8.31 Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.5 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, QUEBEC, 1978-1985 - QUE. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total 1978 25,202 320,119 382,585 7.87 1979 29,176 384,787 437,239 7.58 1980 31,131 446,771 496,822 6.97 1981 32,950 472,994 524,841 6.97 1982 31,572 457,367 508,306 6.90 1983 30,717 431,518 478,348 7.12 1984 32,257 442,056 482,278 7.30 1985 33,847 457,733 504,303 7.39 Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.6 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ONTARIO, 1978-1985 - ONT. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total 1978 52,448 660,660 866,507 7.94 1979 53,447 698,436 928,800 7.65 1980 55,436 755,713 996,153 7.34 1981 55,929 772,068 1,035,858 7.24 1982 57,046 764,461 1,012,891 7.46 1983 61,088 745,997 980,116 8.19 1984 62,785 742,747 976,597 8.45 1985 67,244 739,734 955,829 9.09 Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud'. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: Ali Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205 Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws.

SECTION II TABLE 10.7 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, MANITOBA, 1978-1985 U.C.R. - MAN. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total 1978 5,858 82,596 106,742 7.09 1979 5,638 83,699 107,363 6.74 1980 5,807 95,747 119,257 6.07 1981 6,571 103,157 128,023 6.37 1982 7,224 110,213 135,854 6.56 1983 9,007 114,027 139,262 7.90 1984 9,785 115,269 137,587 8.49 1985 10,635 119,033 141,091 8.93 Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: All Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205 Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws.

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.8 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, SASKATCHEWAN, 1978-1985 - SASK. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total 1978 5,618 71,169 132,236 7.89 1979 5,816 69,885 132,109 8.32 1980 5,846 75,860 137,154 7.71 1981 6,084 86,929 147,566 7.00 1982 6,287 90,778 135,926 6.93 1983 6,927 93,769 134,372 7.39 1984 7,835 100,623 139,150 7.79 1985 8,212 106,998 146,042 7.67 Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Ali Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.9 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ALBERTA, 1978-1985 - ALTA. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total 1978 15,182 165,276 268,834 9.19 1979 15,756 178,729 298,786 8.82 1980 17,085 203,120 327,810 8.41 1981 18,024 222,309 351,614 8.11 1982 19,977 230,819 345,136 8.66 1983 19,295 222,085 339,486 8.69 1984 19,245 203,096 303,709 9.48 1985 20,709 205,774 301,061 10.06 Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Source: All Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205 Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws.

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 10.10 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1978-1985 - B.C. - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE Total 1978 22,039 284,469 337,135 7.75 1979 24,630 294,938 351,238 8.35 1980 27,561 318,093 377,951 8.66 1981 29,160 347,147 413,349 8.40 1982 31,844 379,105 448,891 8.40 1983 29,690 375,220 439,912 7.91 1984 31,374 379,025 442,508 8.28 1985 32,856 380,878 444,840 8.63 Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under Y Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 10.11 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, YUKON, 1978-1985 U.C.R. - YUKON - VIOLENT TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE 1978 561 4,187 7,185 13.40 1979 590 4,221 7,057 13.98 1980 574 4,319 7,677 13.29 1981 650 5,127 9,322 12.68 1982 655 5,111 9,014 12.82 1983 546 4,284 8,097 12.75 1984 705 4,815 9,358 14.64 1985 854 4,471 7,681 19.10 Total Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 10.12 TOTAL CRIMES OF VIOLENCE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, 1978-1985 _ TOTAL TOTAL VIOLENT AS A CRIMES CRIMINAL ALL PERCENTAGE YEAR OF CODE OFFENCES OF TOTAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES CRIMINAL CODE U.C.R. - N.W.T. - VIOLENT Total 1978 1,620 8,566 20,937 18.91 1979 1,667 8,335 19,835 20.00 1980 1,445 8,443 18,563 17.11 1981 1,466 8,634 18,568 16.98 1982 1,690 9,009 17,271 18.76 1983 2,011 9,684 18,708 20.77 1984 2,083 10,261 18,599 20.30 1985 2,187 10,886 18,973 20.09 Crimes of Violence include: Homicide, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assaults (not indecent), and Robbery. Abduction was included from 1983 on. Total Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: All Offences include: Total Crimes of Violence, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - NFLD. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.1 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NedFOUNDLAND, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 3,706 651.4 3,771 656.9 4,176 720.1 4,423 755.0 4,971 873.3 Theft Motor Vehicle 712 125.1 695 121.0 780 134.5 759 129.5 692 121.5 Theft Over $200 1,409 247.6 1,395 243.0 1,646 283.8 2,416 412.4 2,633 462.5 Theft $200 and Under 7,867 1,382.8 9,223 1,606.7 8,473 1,461.1 9,922 1,693.7 10,551 1,853.6 Possession of Stolen Goods 157 27.5 134 23.3 228 39.3 280 47.7 226 39.7 Frauds 1,377 242.0 1,700 296.1 1,596 275.2 1,973 336.8 1,821 319.9 TOTAL PROPERTY I 15,228 2,676.7 16,918 2,947.3 16,899 2,914.1 19,773 3,375.3 20,894 3,670.7 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - NFLD. SECTION II TABLE 11.1 (continued) - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEWFOUNDLAND, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 4,985 863 4,728 817 3,984 687 Theft Motor Vehicle 659 114 732 126 701 121 Theft Over $200 3,058 529 2,947 509 2,293 395 Theft $200 and Under 9,940 1,720 9,052 1,563 7,874 1,358 Possession of Stolen Goods 361 62 304 53 297 51 Frauds 1,465 254 1,632 282 1,644 283 TOTAL PROPERTY 20,468 3,542 19,395 I 3,350 1 16,793 2,895 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - P.E.I. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.2 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 695 569.6 851 692.9 889 715.2 1,001 805.3 1,009 821.6 Theft Motor Vehicle 211 172.9 211 171.8 240 193.0 240 193.0 202 164.4 Theft Over $200 290 237.7 257 209.2 296 238.1 354 284.7 414 337.1 Theft $200 and Under 1,606 1,316.3 1,657 1,349.3 1,939 1,559.9 2,130 1,713.5 2,291 1,865.6 Possession of Stolen Goods 19 15.5 29 23.6 28 22.5 42 33.7 25 20.3 Frauds 245 200.8 339 276.0 261 209.9 342 275.1 410 333.8 TOTAL PROPERTY 3,066 2,513.11 3,344 2,723.11 3,653 2,938.8 4,109 3,305.7 4,351 3,543.1 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - P.E.I. SECTION II TABLE 11.2 (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, 1983-1985 - PROPERTY TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 798 644 1,006 798 1,100 866 Theft Motor Vehicle 199 160 216 171 277 218 Theft Over $200 550 444 549 436 608 479 Theft $200 and Under 2,013 1,623 1,974 1,567 1,792 1,411 Possession of Stolen Goods 30 24 26 21 27 21 Frauds 317 256 383 304 344 271 TOTAL PROPERTY 3,907 3,151 I 4,154 3,297 I 4,148 3,266 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue 11 85-205.

SECTION II TABLE 11.3 U.C.R. - N.S. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NOVA SCOTIA, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 7,388 878.2 7,616 899.2 8,393 984.5 8,822 1,029.2 8,246 967.6 Theft Motor Vehicle 1,836 218.2 2,173 256.5 2,128 249.6 2,056 239.8 1,669 195.8 Theft Over $200 2,723 323.7 3,519 415.5 4,255 499.1 5,714 666.6 6,765 793.8 Theft $200 and Under 13,409 1,594.0 14,437 1,704.6 14,744 1,729.5 16,204 1,890.5 16,340 1,917.3 Possession of Stolen Goods 257 30.5 364 42.9 389 45.6 371 43.2 343 40.2 Frauds 2,028 241.0 2,170 256.2 2,213 259.5 2,490 290.5 2,975 349.0 TOTAL PROPERTY 27,641 3,285.9 30,279 3,575.2 32,122 3,767.9 35,657 4,160.11 36,338 4,264.0 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

to e U.C.R. - N.S. SECTION II TABLE 11.3 (Continued) - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NOVA SCOTIA, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 7,116 828 7,614 873 8,055 914 Theft Motor Vehicle 1,438 167 1,416 162 1,550 176 Theft Over $200 6,181 719 7,264 833 7,110 807 Theft $200 and Under 16,175 1,882 16,171 1,854 16,210 1,840 Possession of Stolen Goods 295 34 339 39 342 39 Frauds 3,381 393 3,535 405 4,177 474 TOTAL PROPERTY 34,586 4,025 36,339 4,167 37,444 4,250 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Y annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - N.B. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.4 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEW BRUNSWICK, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 5,110 735.2 5,930 845.9 6,569 929.0 7,197 1,012.8 7,254 1,037.6 Theft Motor Vehicle 1,905 274.1 2,184 311.5 2,072 293.0 1,980 278.6 1,833 262.1 Theft Over $200 1,987 285.8 2,784 397.1 3,242 458.4 3,816 537.0 4,362 623.9 fheft $200 and Under 8,568 1,232.8 9,730 1,388.0 10,713 1,515.0 11,515 1,620.4 12,099 1,730.6 Possession of Stolen Goods 271 38.9 332 47.3 354 50.0 360 50.6 321 45.9 Frauds 1,010 145.3 1,287 183.5 1,693 239.4 1,757 247.2 1,889 270.2 TOTAL PROPERTY 18,851 12,712.3 22,247 3,173.6 24,643 3,485.0 26,625 3,746.81 27,758 3,970.5 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

SECTION II TABLE 11.4 (Continued) U.C.R. - N.B. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NEW BRUNSWICK, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 6,892 975 7,148 1,001 7,171 997 Theft Motor Vehicle 1,723 244 1,646 231 1,592 221 Theft Over $200 4,081 577 4,170 584 4,721 657 Theft $200 and Under 11,745 1,662 10,180 1,426 9,726 1,353 Possession of Stolen Goods 386 55 269 38 378 53 Frauds 1,730 245 1,960 275 2,233 311 TOTAL PROPERTY 26,557 3,758 25,373 3,554 25,821 3,591 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - QUE. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.5 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, QUEBEC, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 76,468 1,216.6 91,528 1,453.1 119,213 1,891.2 119,989 1,892.5 112,126 1,729.6 Theft Motor Vehicle 21,866 347.9 27,965 443.9 27,845 441.7 29,032 457.9 24,594 379.3 fheft Over $200 32,916 523.7 46,696 741.3 62,569 992.6 71,703 1,130.9 73,307 1,130.8 Theft $200 and Under 83,746 1,332.4 93,942 1,491.4 96,410 1,529.4 101,709 1,604.2 102,986 1,588.7 Possession of Stolen Goods 1,263 20.0 1,451 23.0 2,162 34.2 2,223 35.0 1,869 28.8 Frauds 13,024 207.2 14,673 232.9 17,265 273.8 20,921 329.9 22,973 354.3 TOTAL PROPERTY 1 229,283 3,648.0 276,255 4,385.8 325,464 15,163.3 345,577 5,450.7 337,855 5,211.8 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - QUE - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.5 (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, QUEBEC, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 106,244 1,629 105,867 1,618 104,591 1,589 Theft Motor Vehicle 21,500 330 23,450 358 26,501 403 Theft Over $200 67,132 1,029 72,834 1,113 75,653 1,150 Theft $200 and Under 94,510 1,449 89,407 1,367 87,424 1,328 Possession of Stolen Goods 2,224 34 1,797 27 2,329 35 Frauds 24,244 372 25,135 384 28,447 432 TOTAL PROPERTY i 315,854 4,843 I 318,490 I 4,868 324,945 4,938 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

e e U.C.R. - ONT. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.6 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ONTARIO, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 92,188 1,091.7 93,859 1,104.2 105,238 1,227.9 105,051 1,217.9 108,940 1,249.9 Theft Motor Vehicle 27,427 324.8 28,026 329.7 28,216 329.2 27,349 317.0 24,866 285.2 Theft Over $200 48,259 571.5 62,490 735.1 81,600 952.1 91,277 1,058.2 98,527 1,130.4 Theft $200 and Under 200,574 2,375.3 207,568 2,442.0 216,268 2,523.4 218,652 2,535.1 213,038 2,444.2 Possession of Stolen Goods 11,359 134.5 11,796 138.7 13,636 159.1 14,156 164.1 13,653 156.6 Frauds 35,017 414.7 34,999 411.7 38,433 448.4 40,927 474.5 42,127 483.3 TOTAL PROPERTY 414,824 4,912.7 438,738 5,161.7 483,391 5,640.2 497,412 15,767.1 501,151 5,749.9 Rates may not add to total due to rounding.. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 11.6 (Continued) - ONT. PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ONTARIO, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 108,971 1,236 105,576 1,180 106,484 1,175 Theft Motor Vehicle 22,169 251 21,949 245 22,825 252 Theft Over $200 98,498 1,117 100,279 1,121 100,909 1,113 Theft $200 and Under 200,372 2,273 191,739 2,143 182,339 2,011 Possession of Stolen Goods 12,269 139 12,361 138 12,049 133 Frauds 43,851 497 45,087 504 43,273 477 TOTAL PROPERTY 486,130 5,514 ' 476,991 5,331 I 467,879 5,161 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - MAN. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.7 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, MANITOBA, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 11,739 1,137.0 12,175 1,181.4 14,330 1,393.5 16,683 1,618.1 17,922 1,731.2 Theft Motor Vehicle 4,002 387.6 4,230 410.4 4,551 442.5 4,376 424.4 4,095 395.5 Theft Over $200 5,800 561.7 6,970 676.3 9,825 955.4 11,720 1,136.7 13,933 1,345.9 Theft $200 and Under 26,320 2,549.3 24,869 2,413.2 29,146 2,834.3 30,000 2,909.7 31,285 3,022.1 Possession of Stolen Goods 661 64.0 773 75.0 1,019 99.0 1,058 102.6 1,219 117.7 Frauds 4,702 455.4 4,810 466.7 5,402 525.3 6,089 590.5 6,991 675.3 TOTAL PROPERTY 53,224 5,155.3 53,827 5,223.3 64,273 6,250.4 69,926 6,782.3 75,445 7,287.9 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - MAN. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.7 (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFEACE, MANITOBA, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 17,597 1,680 17,501 1,654 17,837 1,667 Theft Motor Vehicle 3,797 363 3,671 347 4,551 425 Theft Over $200 14,428 1,378 15,134 1,430 15,146 1,416 Theft $200 and Under 32,740 3,126 31,711 2,997 31,423 2,937 Possession of Stolen Goods 1,246 119 1,270 120 1,293 121 Frauds 6,655 636 6,824 645 6,647 621 TOTAL PROPERTY 76,463 7,302 76,111 7,194 76,897 7,187 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue 11 85-205.

U.C.R. - SASK. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.8 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, SASKATCHEWAN, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 10,757 1,135.7 10,287 1,074.8 11,273 1,163.1 13,687 1,397.0 14,382 1,468.4 Theft Motor Vehicle 3,644 384.7 3,492 364.8 3,732 385.0 3,995 407.7 3,778 385.7 Theft Over $200 4,455 470.3 5,123 535.2 6,686 689.8 9,415 961.0 11,721 1,196.7 Theft $200 and Under 20,081 2,120.2 18,698 1,953.6 20,186 2,082.7 22,982 2,345.8 24,520 2,503.5 Possession of Stolen Goods 718 75.8 672 70.2 769 79.3 889 90.7 1,166 119.0 Frauds 5,195 548.5 5,222 545.6 5,788 597.1 6,877 701.9 6,920 706.5 TOTAL PROPERTY 44,850 4,735.5 43,494 4,544.31 48,434 4,997.3 57,845 5,904.3 62,487 6,380.1 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 11.8 (Continued) - PROPERTY ATUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, SASKATCHEWAN, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 15,045 1,516 16,672 1,652 18,411 1,805 Theft Motor Vehicle 3,490 352 3,527 350 3,779 370 Theft Over $200 12,491 1,258 13,438 1,332 15,071 1,478 Theft $200 and Under 24,182 2,436 24,999 2,478 26,003 2,549 Possession of Stolen Goods 1,163 117 1,424 141 1,462 143 Frauds 7,267 732 8,607 853 7,949 779 TOTAL PROPERTY 63,638 6,411 68,667 6,805 72,675 7,125 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - ALTA. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.9 ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ALBERTA, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 ' 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 24,538 1,258.1 26,198 1,304.0 31,089 1,495.7 34,805 1,611.0 35,404 1,528.0 Theft Motor Vehicle 9,543 489.3 9,983 496.9 11,458 551.2 12,098 559.9 11,533 497.7 Theft Over $200 13,226 678.1 17,041 848.2 22,640 1,089.2 28,848 1,335.3 33,268 1,435.8 Theft $200 and Under 47,407 2,430.7 48,913 2,434.8 52,697 2,535.3 56,786 2,628.4 58,090 2,507.1 Possession of Stolen Goods 2,355 120.7 2,951 146.8 3,485 167.6 3,355 155.2 3,254 140.4 Frauds 9,934 509.3 10,379 516.6 12,034 578.9 12,523 579.6 14,294 616.9 TOTAL PROPERTY 107,003 5,486.4 115,465 5,747.6 133,403 6,418.2 148,415 6,869.7 155,843 6,726.0 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - ALTA. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.9 (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, ALBERTA, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 32,900 1,400 27,821 1,188 27,553 1,173 Theft Motor Vehicle 9,433 401 8,364 357 8,026 342 Theft Over $200 31,640 1,346 28,181 1,204 27,471 1,169 Theft $200 and Under 58,134 2,474 51,218 2,188 51,884 2,209 Possession of Stolen Goods 3,195 136 3,082 132 2,978 127 Frauds 13,079 557 13,111 560 13,257 564 TOTAL PROPERTY 148,381 6,314 131,777 5,629 131,169 5,584 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue 11 85-205.

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 11.10 - B.C. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 44,295 1,750.6 42,698 1,663.4 46,724 1,772.1 53,535 1,975.0 57,499 2,060.8 Theft Motor Vehicle 11,491 454.1 11,917 464.2 12,356 468.6 13,564 500.4 13,052 467.7 Theft Over $200 18,354 725.3 23,012 896.4 31,058 1,178.0 39,988 1,475.2 49,128 1,760.7 Theft $200 and Under 84,961 3,357.8 84,553 3,293.9 86,400 3,277.0 89,206 3,291.0 96,682 3,465.1 Possession of Stolen Goods 2,550 100.7 2,419 94.2 2,492 94.5 2,750 101.4 3,643 130.5 Frauds 15,466 611.2 15,561 606.2 17,153 650.5 17,877 659.5 17,456 625.6 TOTAL PROPERTY 177,117 7,000.1 180,160 7,018.5 196,183 7,441.0 216,920 8,002.6 237,460 8,510.8 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

SECTION II TABLE 11.10 (Continued) U.C.R. - B.C. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS ANC RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 59,799 2,118 60,782 2,122 59,233 2,047 Theft Motor Vehicle 11,071 392 11,025 385 11,879 411 Theft Over $200 53,815 1,906 58,684 2,048 58,920 2,037 Theft $200 and Under 96,063 3,402 94,540 3,300 95,925 3,316 Possession of Stolen Goods 3,464 123 3,315 116 3,399 117 Frauds 15,831 561 15,926 556 14,594 504 TOTAL PROPERTY 240,043 8,500 I 244,272 8,526 243,950 8,432 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue 11 85-205.

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 11.11 - YUKON - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS Ale RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, YUKON, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 546 2,516.1 485 2,245.3 516 2,411.2 682 3,114.1 688 2,902.9 Theft Motor Vehicle 193 889.4 205 949.0 199 929.9 276 1,260.2 230 970.4 Theft Over $200 276 1,271.8 282 1,305.5 369 1,724.2 466 2,127.8 606 2,556.9 iheft $200 and Under 1,032 4,755.7 1,087 5,032.4 1,099 5,135.5 1,296 5,917.8 1,174 4,953.5 Possession of Stolen Goods 45 207.3 32 148.1 31 144.8 62 283.1 52 219.4 Frauds 268 1,235.0 231 1,069.4 230 1,074.7 299 1,365.2 261 1,101.2 TOTAL PROPERTY 2,360 10,875.5 2,322 10,750.0 2,444 11,420.5 3,081 14,068.4 3,011 12,704.6 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - YUKON - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 11.11 (Continued) ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, YUKON, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 551 2,471 678 3,082 438 1,904 Theft Motor Vehicle 110 493 132 600 128 557 Theft Over $200 482 2,161 454 2,064 416 1,809 Theft $200 and Under 850 3,812 900 4,091 763 3,317 Possession of Stolen Goods 38 170 65 295 48 209 Frauds 230 1,031 231 1,050 263 1,143 TOTAL PROPERTY 2,261 10,139 2,460 i11,182 i 2,056 8,939 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue 11 85-205.

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 11.12 - N.W.T. - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, 1978-1982 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 1,050 2,413.7 1,039 2,405.0 1,284 2,986.0 1,375 3,182.8 1,441 3,052.9 Theft Motor Vehicle 300 689.6 364 842.5 351 816.2 504 1,166.6 453 959.7 Theft Over $200 329 756.3 381 881.9 409 951.1 571 1,321.7 597 1,264.8 Theft $200 and Under 1,765 4,057.4 1,507 3,488.4 1,415 3,290.6 1,425 3,298.6 1,500 3,177.9 Possession of Stolen Goods 60 137.9 44 101.8 64 148.8 53 122.6 59 125.0 Frauds 291 668.9 313 724.5 187 434.8 252 583.3 280 593.2 TOTAL PROPERTY 3,795 8,724.1 3,648 8,444.4 3,710 8,627.9 4,180 9,675.9 4,330 9,173.7 Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue 1185-205.

U.C.R. - N.W.T. SECTION II TABLE 11.12 (Continued) - PROPERTY ACTUAL PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 POPULATION, BY TYPE OF OFFENCE, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, 1983-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1983 1984 1985 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Break and Enter 1,478 3,054 1,519 3,038 1,887 3,700 Theft Motor Vehicle 399 824 485 970 441 865 Theft Over $200 617 1,275 622 1,244 651 1,276 Theft $200 and Under 1,505 3,110 1,594 3,188 1,565 3,069 Possession of Stolen Goods 96 198 70 140 84 165 Frauds 320 661 344 688 312 612 TOTAL PROPERTY 4,415 9,122 4,634 9,268 4,940 9,686 Rates from 1983 on have been rounded to remove the decimal. Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Updated December, 1985 Source: Statistics Canada, Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual, catalogue #85-205.

U.C.R. - NFLD. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 12.1 PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEWFOUNDLAND, 1978-1985 PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total 1978 15,228 27,138 36,422 56.11 1979 16,918 29,686 39,526 56.99 1980 16,899 29,616 40,698 57.06 1981 19,773 33,810 45,270 58.48 1982 20,894 35,626 45,371 58.65 1983 20,468 35,150 44,680 58.23 1984 19,395 34,303 44,635 56.54 1985 16,793 30,605 42,635 54.87 Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 12.2 - P.E.I. - HROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, 1978-1985 PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total 1978 3,066 5,849 11,358 52.42 1979 3,344 6,444 11,412 51.89 1980 3,653 6,689 11,345 54.61 1981 4,109 7,171 11,455 57.30 1982 4,351 7,548 11,878 57.64 1983 3,907 6,993 12,174 55.87 1984 4,154 7,507 12,733 55.34 1985 4,148 7,517 12,709 55.18 Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205 s

SECTION II TABLE 12.3 U.C.R. - N.S. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NOVA SCOTIA, 1978-1985 PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total 1978 27,641 49,942 85,865 55.35 1979 30,279 55,020 94,074 55.03 1980 32,122 57,355 97,246 56.01 1981 35,657 62,085 101,956 57.43 1982 36,338 64,636 104,759 56.22 1983 34,586 61,665 90,743 56.09 1984 36,339 61,956 86,100 58.65 1985 37,444 63,372 87,309 59.09 Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total»ffences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue 11 85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 12.4 - N.B. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NEW BRUNSWICK, 1978-1985 PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total 1978 18,851 34,326 50,159 54.92 1979 22,247 41,091 58,191 54.14 1980 24,643 43,673 61,483 56.43 1981 26,625 46,770 62,237 56.93 1982 27,758 48,995 63,543 56.66 1983 26,557 48,241 62,680 55.05 1984 25,373 46,039 60,732 55.11 1985 25,821 47,174 61,835 54.74 Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - QUE. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 12.5 PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, QUEBEC, 1978-1985 PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES 1978 229,283 320,119 382,585 71.62 1979 276,255 384,787 437,239 71.79 1980 325,464 446,771 496,822 72.85 1981 345,577 472,994 524,841 73.06 1982 337,855 457,367 508,306 73.87 1983 315,854 431,518 478,348 73.20 1984 318,490 442,056 482,278 72.05 1985 324,945 457,733 504,303 70.99 Ill, Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 12.6 - ONT. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ONTARIO, 1978-1985 Total Property Offences include: PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERFY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES 1978 414,824 660,660 866,507 62.79 1979 438,738 698,436 928,800 62.82 1980 483,391 755,713 996,153 63.97 1981 497,412 772,068 1,035,858 64.43 1982 501,151 764,461 1,012,891 65.56 1983 486,130 745,997 980,116 65.17 1984 476,991 742,747 976,597 64.22 1985 467,879 739,734 955,829 63.25 Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Linder, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 12.7 PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, MANITOBA, 1978-1985 - MAN. - PROPERTY PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES Total 1978 53,224 82,596 106,742 64.44 1979 53,827 83,699 107,363 64.31 1980 64,273 95,747 119,257 67.13 1981 69,926 103,157 128,023 67.79 1982 75,445 110,213 135,854 68.45 1983 76,463 114,027 139,262 67.06 1984 76,111 115,269 137,587 66.03 1985 76,897 119,033 141,091 64.60 Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

SECTION II TABLE 12.8 U.C.R. - SASK. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, AND ALL OFFENCES, SASKATCHEWAN, 1978-1985 PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES 1978 44,850 71,169 132,236 63.02 1979 43,494 69,885 132,109 62.24 1980 48,434 75,860 137,154 63.85 1981 57,845 86,929 147,566 66.54 1982 62,487 90,778 135,926 68.84 1983 63,638 93,769 134,372 67.87 1984 68,667 100,623 139,150 68.24 1985 72,675 106,998 146,042 67.92 Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - ALTA. - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 12.9 PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, ALBERTA, 1978-1985 Total PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES 1978 107,003 165,276 268,834 64.74 1979 115,465 178,729 298,786 64.60 1980 133,403 203,120 327,810 65.68 1981 148,415 222,309 351,614 66.76 1982 155,843 230,819 345,136 67.52 1983 148,381 222,085 339,486 66.81 1984 131,777 203,096 303,709 64.88 1985 131,169 205,774 301,061 63.74 Property Offences include: Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 12.10 - B.C. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, BRITISH COLUMBIA, 1978-1985 Total Property Offences include: PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES 1978 177,117 284,469 337,135 62.26 1979 180,160 294,938 351,238 61.08 1980 196,183 318,093 377,951 61.68 1981 216,920 347,147 413,349 62.49 1982 237,460 379,105 448,891 62.64 1983 240,043 375,220 439,912 63.97 1984 244,272 379,025 442,508 64.45 1985 243,950 380,878 444,840 64.05 Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. - YUKON - PROPERTY SECTION II TABLE 12.11 PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, YUKON, 1978-1985 PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES 1978 2,360 4,187 7,185 56.37 1979 2,322 4,221 7,057 55.01 1980 2,444 4,319 7,677 56.59 1981 3,081 5,127 9,322 60.09 1982 3,011 5,111 9,014 58.91 1983 2,261 4,284 8,097 52.78 1984 2,460 4,815 9,358 51.09 1985 2,056 4,471 7,681 45.99 Ill> Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 12.12 - N.W.T. - PROPERTY PROPERTY OFFENCES AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE OFFENCES, NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, 1978-1985 PROPERTY AS TOTAL A PERCENT OF YEAR TOTAL CRIMINAL ALL TOTAL CRIMI- PROPERTY CODE OFFENCES NAL CODE OFFENCES OFFENCES OFFENCES 1978 3,795 8,566 20,937 44.30 1979 3,648 8,335 19,835 43.77 1980 3,710 8,443 18,563 43.94 1981 4,180 8,634 18,568 48.41 1982 4,330 9,009 17,271 48.06 1983 4,415 9,684 18,708 45.59 1984 4,634 10,261 18,599 45.16 1985 4,940 10,886 18,973 45.38 III/0 Total Property Offences include: Total Criminal Code Offences include: Total Offences include: Updated November, 1986 Breaking & Entering, Theft Motor Vehicle, Theft Over $200, Theft $200 and Under, Possession of Stolen Goods, and Fraud. Total Violent offences, Total Property offences and Other Crimes (i.e. Prostitution, Gaming and Betting, Offensive Weapons and Other Criminal Code.) Total Criminal Code Offences, Narcotic Control Act Offences, Other Federal and Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Source: Statistics Canada Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics Annual, Catalogue #85-205

U.C.R. SECTION II TABLE 13 - PROVINCES - HOMICIDE MURDER OFFENCE RATES PER 100,080 POPULATION, CANADA API) THE PROVINCES, 1961-1985 PROVINCE 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 Newfoundland 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.7 Prince Edward Island 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.7 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.9 0.0 0.9 0.0 Nova Scotia 0.7 1.1 0.4 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 New Brunswick 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 2.0 Quebec 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.9 2.3 1.9 2.5 2.2 Ontario 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.9 Manitoba 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.7 1.0 1.8 1.3 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.8 3.5 3.5 Saskatchewan 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.3 2.0 2.2 3.0 2.3 3.0 2.9 2.1 Alberta 1.1 1.1 1.8 1.3 1.0 1.6 2.2 1.4 1.0 2.3 2.5 1.8 1.7 British Columbia 1.5 2.9 1.7 1.8 2.9 2.4 2.0 2.9 2.2 3.2 2.4 3.4 3.2 CANADA 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.1 PROVINCE 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 Newfoundland 0.4 0.5 0.7 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 Prince Edward Island 1.7 0.0 1.6 0.0 2.4 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.0 0.0 0 0.8 Nova Scotia 0.7 1.7 2.8 1.3 1.1 1.7 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.3 1.5 2.5 New Brunswick 2.4 1.6 1.6 1.9 3.1 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.3 1.4 1.8 1.8 Quebec 2.6 3.3 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.8 1.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.1 Ontario 1.8 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.0 Manitoba 3.9 3.1 2.6 3.7 3.6 3.5 2.4 3.3 3.0 3.4 3.7 2.1 Saskatchewan 3.2 3.4 3.3 4.6 2.5 3.4 2.9 2.6 3.5 3.1 2.9 2.3 Alberta 2.3 2.5 3.4 3.2 3.6 2.4 2.1 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.1 2.5 British Columbia 4.2 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.7 CANADA 2.4 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 Murder includes capital and non-capital murder prior to 1976 and first degree and second degree murder after 1976. All rates in this table are calculated for 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication "Crime & Traffic Enforcement Statistics", annual catalogue #85-205 prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over. - Indicates too few to calculate. Updated November, 1986 Source: 1. Statistics Canada - Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, - Annual, catalogue #85-205. 2. Statistics Canada - Homicide in Canada - Annual Catalogue 85-209.

g rr3 en 1-11 S ra. 2 g

SECTION IIIA. 3UVENILE DELINQUENTS The data presented in these tables (except Table 17) are for the period during which the Juvenile Delinquents Act was in effect in Canada. With the proclamation of the Young Offenders Act on April 2, 1984, the Juvenile Delinquents Act was repealed. The Juvenile Delinquents Act is operative in all provinces and territories except Newfoundland. In that province, juvenile offenders are dealt with as specified in the Welfare of Children Act of 1948. The lower age limits for juveniles was seven years across the country, the upper age limit differed for each province as follows: - under 16 years in New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Alberta, the Yukon and the Northwest Territories. - under 17 years in Newfoundland and British Columbia. - under 18 years in Quebec and Manitoba. The Juvenile Court does not lose jurisdiction if the child after committing the delinquency passes the age limit. The figures in Tables 14-16 are for every delinquency for which court action was terminated in the year specified. This is consequently a measure of court activity and not of magnitude of delinquency. A juvenile may be reflected more than once in those tables having this basic unit of count depending on the number of delinquencies with which he/she was charged.

- 2- In Table 18, each individual who appears in juvenile court and has at least one charged disposed of in the year specified is counted once. It is not a count of the number of juveniles involved in delinquent behaviour but instead a count of the number of persons completing the court process. For all the provinces it is possible to link to an individual all the charges he or she had adjudicated during the years.

SECTION III TABLE 14 JUVENILES SLMMARY NATURE OF DELINQUENCIES (MAIN CATEGORIES), IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA, 1978-1983 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code 72,032 1,765.1 57,497 1,449.4 72,961 1878.6 89,376 2,375.8 89,349 2,427.0 86,855 2,399.6 Federal Statutes* 4,862 119.1 3,469 87.4 4,657 119.9 4,572 121.5 4,334 117.7 4,055 112.0 Drugs 2,130 52.2 1,598 40.2 2,354 60.6 2,481 66.0 1,979 53.8 1,582 43.7 J.D.A. 2,544 62.3 1,737 43.8 2,182 56.2 1,965 52.2 2,099 57.0 2,332 64.4 Other Federal Statutes 188 4.6 134 3.4 121 3.1 126 3.3 256 7.0 141 3.9 Provincial Statutes 12,059 295.5 6,930 174.7 19,202 494.4 28,164 748.7 27,442 745.4 23,887 660.0 Municipal By-Laws 1,740 42.6 290 7.3 444 11.4 684 18.2 1,180 32.1 1,116 30.8 ALL DEL1NQUENCIES( 1 ) 90,693 2,222.4 68,186 1,718.9 97,264 2,504.4 122,796 3,264.2 122,305 3,322.2 115,913 3,202.5 * Federal Statutes includes Drugs, JDA and Other Federal Statutes. (1) Included is a small percentage (less than 2%) committed by adults. (2) Rates are based on juvenile population. The minimum age for a juvenile is 7 years. The maximum age differs for each province, see text at beginning of chapter. Updated May 1987. Sources: (1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents, Annual, Catalogue 11 85-202 (2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, Annual

SECTION III TABLE 14.1 NUMBER OF CHARGES (FEDERAL STATUTE OFFENCES ONLY) RESULTING IN FINDINGS CF DELINQUENCY, BY NATURE OF DISPOSITION, BY PROVINCE, 1983 1 DISPOSITIONS - JUVE - PROV JUVENILE REFERRAL 10 CARE PROBATION/ FINE ADJOURNED DISPOSITION OTHER AND PROVINCE INSTITUTION OF PROVINCE SUPERVISION RESTITUTION INDEFINITELY SUSPENDED UNKNOWN TOTAL Newfoundland 15 538 929 376 22 477 89 2,446 ( 0.61 3 (22.0) (38.0) (15.4) (0.9) (19.5) (3.6) [3.8] 4 Prince Edward Island 15 49 128 8 4 2 5 211 (7.1) (23.2) (60.7) (3.8) (1.9) (0.9) (2.4) [(1.3] Nova Scotia 280 14 771 169 120 25 170 1,549 ;18.1) '0.9) (49.8) (10.9) (7.7) (1.6) (11.0) [2.4] New Brunswick 238 2 432 49 161 124 16 1, 1122 23.3) ;0.2) (42.3) (4.8) (15.8) (12.1) (1.6) [1.61 Quebec 6,143 258 8,309 2,603 1,924 1,232 623 21,092 (29.1) (1.2) (39.4) (12.3) (9.1) (5.8) (3.0) [32.8] Ontario 987 485 7,083 785 1,367 988 433 12,128 (8.1) (4.0) (58.4) (6.5) (11.3) (8.1) (3.6) [18.9] Manitoba 880 122 3,085 1,123 113 16 638 5,977 i14.7) (2.0) (51.6) (18.8) (1.9) (0.3) (10.7) [9.3 ] Saskatchewan 0 5 369 956 93 38 419 102 1,977 (0.0) (18.7) (48.4) (4.7) (1.9) (21.2) (5.2) [3.1] Alberta 5 5 1,372 3,950 560 714 122 956 7,679 (0.1) (17.9) (51.4) (7.3) (9.3) (1.6) (12.4) [11.9] British Columbia 842 69 7,408 368 287 205 350 9,529 (8.8) (0.7) (77.7) (3.9) (3.0) (2.2) (3.7) [14.8] Yukon 1 5 6 124 5 26 13 1 176 (0.6) (3.4) (70.5) (2.8) (14.8) (7.4) (0.6) [0.3] Northwest Territories 0 5 17 323 23 19 19 114 515 (0.0) (3.3) (62.7) (4.5) (3.7) (3.7) (22.1) [0.8] CANADA 9,406 3,301 33,498 6,162 4,795 3,642 3,497 64,301 (14.6) (5.1) (52.1) (9.6) (7.5) (5.7) (5.4) [100.0] NOTES: (1) This table excludes charges against adults (and companies). '2) The disposition counted for each charge in the Table is that which is considered to be the most "serious". 0) Figures in curved brackets are percentages of row totals. (4) Figures in square brackets are percentages of the column total. (5) In these provinces, some referrals to institutions will no doubt have been made through the appropriate provincial authority as a result of referrals to "Care of the Province". Note that the proportions of dispositions indicated in the category of "Referral to the Care of Province" are comparatively high in these jurisdictions. In Alberta, the juvenile court can issue a "Compulsory Care Order" indicating that the offender is to be committed to an institution for a specified period not exceeding 90 days. Such orders most probably account for the small number of committals to insitutions indicated.

DELINQUENCIES INVOLVING VIOLENCE, BY AΠOF CHILDREN, SECTION III TABLE 15.1 IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 J(J VENILES IN EACH CATEGORY, CANADA 1978-1980 JUVENILES VIOLENT 1978 1979 1980 AGE GROUP AND TYPE OF CRIME No. Rate No.* Rate No. Rate 7-11 Age Group Total Violent 73 3.8 71 4.3 78 4.1 Homicide 2 0.1 0 0 0 0 Other Violent 71 3.7 71 4.3 78 4.1 Murder - Attempted 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sexual Offences 9 0.4 5 0.3 14 0.7 Assault 52 2.7 51 3.1 47 2.5 Robbery 10 0.5 15 0.9 17 0.9 12-15 Age Group Total Violent 2,136 117.4 2,228 142.6 2,490 150.3 Homicide 14 0.7 12 0.8 16 0.9 Other Violent 2,122 116.7 2,216 141.8 2,474 149.4 Murder - Attempted 10 1.0 23 1.5 7 0.4 Sexual Offences 292 16.0 337 21.6 353 21.3 Assault 1,269 69.7 1,296 82.9 1,474 89.0 Robbery 551 30.3 560 35.8 640 38.6 16-17 Age Group Total Violent 1,290 356.2 1,117 311.9 1,492 417.5 or Homicide 7 ' 1.9 6 1.7 8 2.2 Other Violent 1,283 354.2 1,111 310.2 1,484 415.2 Murder - Attempted 11.3.0 14 3.9 14 3.9 Sexual Offences 91 25.1 81 22.6 104 29.1 Assault 513 141.6 396 110.6 616 172.4 Robbery 668 184.4 620 173.1 750 209.8 * Data not available for British Columbia and Northwest Territories. 16 and 17 age group comprises - Newfoundland and British Columbia juveniles aged 16, and Quebec and Manitoba juveniles aged 16 and 17. Rates are calculated accordingly. In 1979 the enactment of the "Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse" in Quebec had a great influence on the flow of juveniles through the courts. See text at beginning of chapter for more detail. Updated May, 1987 Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents Annual, Catalogue #85-202. 2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual

SECTION III TABLE 15.2 JUVENILES VIOLENT DELINQUENCIES INVOLVING VIOLENCE, BY ACE OF CHILDREN, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES IN EACH CATEGORY, CANADA 1981-1983 1981 1982 1983 AGE GROUP AND TYPE OF CRIME No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate 7-11 Age Group Total Violent 95 5.1 84 4.6 74 4.1 Homicide 0 0 0 0 0 0 Other Violent 95 5.1 84 4.6 74 4.1 Murder - Attempted 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sexual Offences 10 0.5 10 0.5 10 0.6 Assault 72 3.9 58 3.2 54 3.0 Robbery 13 0.7 16 0.8 10 0.6 12-15 Age Group Total Violent 2,636 166.9 2,867 186.0 2,818 183.8 Homicide 9 0.5 14 0.9 7 0.5 Other Violent 2,627 166.3 2,853 185.1 2,811 183.4 Murder - Attempted 8 0.5 12 0.7 15 1.0 Sexual Offences 366 23.1 369 23.9 399 26.0 Assault 1,581 100.1 1,748 113.4 1,821 118.8 Robbery 672 42.5 724 46.9 576 37.6 16-17 Age Group Total Violent 1,742 496.2 1,776 538.2 1,638 541.3 Homicide 8 2.3 13 3.9 8 2.6 Other Violent 1,734 493.9 1,763 534.2 1,630 538.7 Murder - Attempted 11 3.1 20 6.1 12 4.0 Sexual Offences 119 33.9 101 30.6 143 47.3 Assault 644 183.4 709 214.8 778 257.1 0 Robbery 960 273.4 933 282.7 697 230.3 16 and 17 age group comprises - Newfoundland and British Columbia juveniles aged 16, and Quebec and Manitoba juveniles aged 16 and 17. Rates are calculated accordingly. In 1979 the enactment of the "Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse" in Quebec had a great influence on the flow of juveniles through the courts. See text at beginning of chapter for more detail. Updated May, 1987 Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents Annual, Catalogue 1/85-202. 2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual

DELINCUENCIES SECTION III TABLE 16.1 AGAINST PROPERTY, BY AGE OF CHILDREN, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES IN EACH CATEGORY, CANADA 1978-1980 AGE GROUP & TYPE OF CRIME 1978 1979 1980 No. Rate vo.* Rate No. Rate JUVENILES PROPERTY 7-11 Age Group Total Property 1,823 95.9 1,721 103.3 1,786 96.4 Break and Enter 854 44.9 874 52.4 833 44.9 Take Motor Vehicle 15 0.7 13 0.8 16 0.9 Theft (Over + Under) 744 39.1 704 42.2 754 40.7 Theft Other 39 2.0 10 0.6 3 0.1 Poss. Stolen Goods 164 8.6 112 6.7 173 9.3 Fraud 4 0.2 7 0.4 2 0.1 Forgery 3 0.2 1 0.1 5 0.3 12-15 Age Group Total Property 38,723 2,129.7 32,663 2,090.4 38,433 2,321.1 Break and Enter 16,498 907.3 13,838 885.6 17,065 1,030.6 Take Motor Vehicle 1,182 65.0 1,084 69.4 1,185 71.5 Theft (Over + Under) 15,284 840.6 13,269 849.2 14,465 873.6 Theft Other 992 54.5 431 27.6 585 35.3 Poss. Stolen Goods 4,065 223.5 3,340 213.8 4,153 250.8 Fraud 169 9.2 134 8.6 229 13.8 Forgery 533 29.3 567 36.3 751 45.4 16-17 Age Group Total Property 14,056 3,880.7 8,299 2,317.5 13,591 3,802.7 Break and Enter 6,073 1,676.7 4,140 1,156.1 7,141 1,998.0 Tàke Motor Vehicle 238 65.7 139 38.8 234 65.5 1111reft (Over + Under) 4,927 1,360.3 2,751 768.2 3,841 1,074.7 [heft Other 670 185.0 324 90.5 619 173.2 Poss. Stolen Goods 1,315 363.1 422 117.8 1,033 289.0 Fraud 244 67.4 142 39.7 128 35.8 Forgery 589 162.6 381 106.4 595 166.5 * Data not available for British Columbia and Northwest Territories 16 and 17 age group comprises - Newfoundland and British Columbia juveniles aged 16, and Quebec and Manitoba juveniles aged 16 and 17. Rates are calculated accordingly. In 1979 the enactment of the "Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse" in Quebec had a great influence on the flow of juveniles through the courts. See text at beginning of chapter for more detail. Updated May, 1987. Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents Annual Catalogue #85-202 2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual.

SECTION III TABLE 16.2 DELINQUENCIES AGAINST PROPERTY, BY ACE OF CHILDREN, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES IN EACH CATEGORY, CANADA 1981-1983 1981 1982 1983 AGE GROUP AND TYPE OF CRIME No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate JUVENILES PROPERTY 10 186 7-11 Age Group Total Property 1,767 96.5 1,830 101.1 1,367 76.6 Break and Enter 802 43.7 655 36.1 478 26.8 Take Motor Vehicle 19 1.0 20 1.1 10 0.6 Theft (Over + Under) 750 40.9 896 49.4 729 40.9 Theft Other 8 0.4 16 0.8 17 1.0 Poss. Stolen Goods 177 9.6 227 12.5 125 7.0 Fraud 7 0.3 5 0.2 5 0.3 Forgery 4 0.2 11 0.6 3 0.2 12-15 Age Group Total Property 46,319 2,933.4 45,080 2,925.9 43,021 2,806.5 Break and Enter 20,686 1,310.0 18,479 1,199.3 17,485 1,140.6 Take Motor Vehicle 1,209 76.5 1,042 67.6 734 47.9 Theft (Over + Under) 17,471 1,106.4 17,243 1,119.0 16,253 1,060.3 Theft Other 872 55.2 1,054 68.4 1,691 110.3 Poss. Stolen Goods 5,023 318.1 6,157 399.5 5,912 385.7 Fraud 261 16.5 231 14.9 272 17.7 Forgery 797 50.5 874 56.7 674 44.0 16-17 Age Group Total Property 18,948 5,396.8 20,174 6,113.3 21,345 7,053.9 Break and Enter 10,271 2,925.4 9,461 2,867.0 9,990 3,301.4 Take Motor Vehicle 250 71.2 224 67.9 61.5 Theft (Over + Under) 5,043 1,436.3 5,143 1,558.5 4,139 1,367.8 Theft Other 923 262.9 1,353 410.0 2,593 856.9 Poss. Stolen Goods 1,725 491.3 3,116 944.2 3,554 1,174.5 Fraud 201 57.2 237 71.8 204 67.4 Forgery 535 152.4 640 193.9 679 224.4 16 and 17 age group comprises - Newfoundland and British Columbia juveniles aged 16, and Quebec and Manitoba juveniles aged 16 and 17. Rates are calculated accordingly. Updated November, 1986 Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents Annual Catalogue #85-202 Statistics Canada 2) Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual.

SECTION III TABLE 17 JUVENILES DEALT WITH BY THE POLICE, VIOLENT AND PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA, 1978-1981 JUVENILES U.C.R. TYPE OF OFFENCE 1978 1 9 7 9( 1 ) 1980 1981 No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate TOTAL VIOLENT 4,089 100.2 11,224 282.9 11,885 307.3 9,322 247.8 Murder 23 0.6 51 1.3 27 0.7 33 0.9 Infanticide 2-0 - 0-0 - Attempted Murder 32 0.8 45 1.1 49 1.3 27 0.7 Manslaughter 2 0 1 0 2 0.1 3 0.1 Sexual Assault 482 11.8 1,307 32.9 1,374 35.4 1,019 27.1 Assault 2,268 55.6 7,650 192.8 7,792 201.5 6,414 170.5 Robbery 1,280 31.4 2,170 54.7 2,641 68.3 1,826 48.5 Abduction Other Violent - 0-0 - 0-0 TOTAL PROPERTY 56,360 1,381.1 106,680 2,689.3 114,293 2,955.3 112,827 2,999.2 Theft Motor Vehicle 7,160 175.5 10,106 254.8 10,064 260.2 8,736 232.2 Theft (Over $200 + Under) 22,337 547.4 52,835 1,331.9 54,875 1,418.9 57,961 1,540.7 Break and Enter 23,393 573.2 37,278 939.7 42,175 1,090.5 39,951 1,062.0 Poss. of Stolen Goods 2,443 59.9 3,530 89.0 3,894 100.7 4,005 106.5 Fraud 1,027 25.2 2,931 73.9 3,285 84.9 2,174 57.8 NOTE: The statistical data an juveniles processed by the police vary substantially depending on the procedures, definitions and rules used recording juvenile offenders. (1) In 1979, these counting practices changed appreciably, and an apparent increase in juveniles dealt with was recorded. In that year, the rates of juveniles dealt with by the police (per 100,000 juveniles in Canada) for delinquencies with violence increased tremendously (183%); they reached a peak in 1980, and decreased slightly from then on. For delinquencies against property, the largest increase occurred in 1979. These changes were almost entirely due to modifications to the administrative procedures. Updated March, 1987 Source: 1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205. 2) Statistics Canada, Estimates of Population, by Sex and Aqe, for Canada and the Provinces, Annual, Catalogue #91-202.

SECTION III TABLE 17 (Continued) JUVENILES U.C.R. JUVENILES DEALT WITH BY THE POLICE, VIOLENT AND PROPERTY OFFENCES IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA, 1982-1985 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1982 1983 1984 1 9 8 5( 2 ) No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate No. Rate TOTAL VIOLENT 9,343 253.8 9,952 275.0 9,428 263.9 12,938 573.7 Murder 19 0.5 16 0.4 25 0.7 44 2.0 Infanticide 1-1 - 0-2 0.1 Attempted Murder 29 0.8 31 0.9 39 1.1 30 1.3 Manslaughter 6 0.2 6 0.2 3-5 0.2 Sexual Assault 1,064 2P. 1,004 27.7 1,157 32.4 1,640 72.7 Assault 6,546 177.7.3 6,439 177.9 7,094 198.5 9,765 433.0 Robbery 1,678 45.6 1,354 37.4 1,104 30.9 1,443 64.0 Abduction 3-6 0.2 9 0.4 Other Violent - 0 1,098 30.3 - - - - TOTAL PROPERTY 103,232 2,804.2 109,595 3,027.9 90,897 2543.9 107,449 4764.3 Theft Motor Vehicle 6,258 170.0 5,651 156.1 4,874 136.4 6,698 297.0 Theft (Over $200 + Under) 57,218 1,554.2 63,964 1,767.2 54,255 1518.4 59,840 2653.3 Break and Enter 34,276 931.1 34,524 953.8 27,000 755.6 33,331 1477.9 Poss. of Stolen Goods 3,387 92.0 3,501 96.7 2,986 83.6 4,675 207.3 Fraud 2,093 56.9 1,955 54.0 1,782 49.9 2,905 128.8 NOTE: The statistical data on juveniles processed by the police vary substantially depending on the procedures, definitions and rules used recording juvenile offenders. (1) In 1979, these counting practices changed appreciably, and an apparent increase in juveniles dealt with Ill, was recorded. In that year, the rates of juveniles dealt with by the police (per 100,000 juveniles in Canada) for delinquencies with violence increased tremendously (183%); they reached a peak in 1980, and decreased slightly from then on. For delinquencies against property, the largest increase occurred in 1979. These changes were almost entirely due to modifications to the administrative procedures. (2) The Young Offenders Act was given Royal Assent in 1982, and implemented as an Act in 1984. The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. For the sake of consistency in the manual figures and rates for 1985 are presented as if all provinces were conforming to the new age requirements as of January 1, 1985. In 1983, a new category called Abduction was introduced to Violent Crime. Other Violent applies to 1983 only, and comprises data on Sexual Offences and Assault offences reported by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 in 1983. Updated March, 1987 Source: 1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual, Catalogue #85-205. 2) Statistics Canada, Estimates of Population, by Sex and Age, for Canada and the Provinces, Annual, Catalogue #91-202. 3) Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual, Catalogue g4.85-205

SECTION III TABLE 18 JUVENILES COURT PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION, BY AŒ, OF CHILDREN BROUGHT TO COURT AND OF CHILDREN FOUND DELINQUENT, CANADA, 1978-1983 Children 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 (Status and Age) No. m. No. % No.. No. % No.. No. % Brought to Court!stal 1 42,997 100.0 30,674 100.0 34,196 100.0 42,068 100.0 40,324 100.0 47,748 100.0 7-11 1,390 3.2 1,312 4.3 1,171 3.4 1,306 3.1 1,221 3.0 1,090 2.3 12-15 27,733 64.5 23,721 77.3 24,266 71.0 26,039 61.9 24,372 60.4 27,804 58.2 16-17 13,874 32.3 5,641 18.4 8,759 25.6 14,723 35.0 14,731 36.5 18,854 39.5 Found Delinquent Intel 36,892 100.0 25,741 100.0 27,137 100.0 34,204 100.0 32,888 100.0 39,465 100.0 7-11 997 2.7 967 3.8 807 3.0 878 2.6 770 2.3 653 1.7 12-15 23,522 63.8 20,070 78.0 19,545 72.0 21,066 61.6 19,603 59.6 22,345 56.6 16-17 12,373 33.5 4,704 18.2 6,785 25.0 12,260 35.8 12,515 38.1 16,467 41.7 1 Totals do not include the "other category" (adults and unspecified ages ; also, British Columbia could not be included. Sources: 1) Statistics Canada, Justice Statistics Division, Juvenile Delinquents, Annual, Catalogue 1185-202. 2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Juvenile Delinquents, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983 Annual.

n CLASS SCHEDULE - HORAIRE DES COURS cos ro (' TIME HEURE MON LUN. TUE. MAR. WED. MER. THU. JEU. FRI VEN. SAT. SAM. - EXAMINATIONS EXAMENS DAY/JOUR DATE TIME/HRE PLACE/LIEU COURSE/COURS.. r PROJECT-PROJETS DUE-DATE '-JAME NOM ADDRESS ADRESSE SCHOOL COLE TELEPHONE TÉLÉPHONE CLASS CLASSE _ Fab.<1. p.r RELIURE GaLD INC OwleDec

SECTION IV TABLE 19.1 DRUGS U.C.R. ACTUAL DRUG OFFENCES BY TYPE OF DRUG IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 CANADIANS CANADA 1962-1974 YEAR NARCOTIC CONTROL ACT FOOD AND DRUGS ACT Other Controlled Restricted Heroin Rate Cocaine Rate Drugs Rate Cannabis Rate Total Rate Drugs Rate Drugs Rate Total Rate 1962 7701 4.1 2332 1.3 1963 6871 3.6 2152 1.1 1964 520 1 2.7 1032 0.5 1965 655 1 3.3 1132 0.6 1966 1,184 1 5.9 241 2 1.2 1967 2,5841 12.7 2902 1.4 1968 4,761 1 23.0 682 2 3.3 1969 731 3 3.5 7,448 35.5 8,179 38.9 500 2.4 1,841 8.8 2,341 11.1 1970 1,017 3 4.8 13,054 61.3 14,071 66.1 1,007 4.7 3,711 17.4 4,718 22.2 1971 1,949 3 9.0 16,951 78.6 18,900 87.6 1,624 7.5 3,483 16.1 5,107 23.7 1972 3,234 3 14.8 20,606 94.4 23,840 109.2 1,717 7.9 3,259 14.9 4,976 22.8 1973 3,800 3 17.2 42,651 193.0 46,451 210.2 2,109 9.6 4,212 19.1 6,321 28.6 1974 3,354 3 14.9 49,676 221.3 53,030 236.2 1,575 7.0 3,980 17.7 5,555 24.7 All rates in this table are calculated per 100,000 population. Rates published in Statistics Canada publication Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, annual catalogue 1185-205 prior to 1970, were calculated on the general population aged 7 and over.

SECTION IV TABLE 19.2 ACTUAL DRUG OFFENCES BY TYPE OF ORUG IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 CANADIANS, CANADA 1975-1985 DRUGS U.C.R. YEAR NARCOTIC CONTROL ACT FOOD AND DRUGS ACT Other Controlled Restricted Heroin Rate Cocaine Rate Drugs Rate Cannabis Rate Total Rate Drugs Rate Drugs Rate Total Rate 1975 2,995 3 13.1 47,086 206.5 50,081 219.6 1,668 7.3 3,793 16.6 5,461 23.9 1976 2,463 3 10.7 N.A. - N.A. - 57,275 247.8 59,738 258.5 1,289 5.6 1,889 8.2 3,178 13.8 1977 1,037 4.4 897 3.8 2,716 11.6 58,481 251.0 63,131 270.8 947 4.0 1,860 7.9 2,807 11.9 1978 1,221 5.1 1,030 4.3 2,264 9.6 53,378 227.3 57,893 246.2 1,022 4.3 1,832 7.8 2,854 12.1 1979 575 2.4 1,142 4.8 2,064 8.7 56,834 240.0 60,615 255.9 1,054 4.4 3,254 13.7 4,308 18.1 1980 623 2.6 1,704 7.1 2,241 9.3 64,866 271.2 69,434 290.2 990 4.1 3,772 15.7 4,762 19.8 1981 583 2.4 2,189 9.0 2,386 9.8 65,763 271.8 70,921 293.0 947 3.9 3,236 13.3 4,183 17.2 1982 734 2.9 2,738 11.1 3,354 13.6 53,658 217.8 60,484 245.5 1,061 4.3 3,091 12.5 4,152 16.9 1983 942 4 3,275 13 2,763 11 43,799 176 50,779 204 884 4 3,184 13 4,068 16 1984 634 3 4,119 16 3,279 13 43,917 175 51,949 207 786 3 2,215 9 3,001 12 1985 827 3 4,900 19 4,579 18 43,803 173 54,109 213 845 3 2,251 9 3,096 12 1 No breakdown available for Heroin, Cocaine, other drugs and Cannabis. 2 No breakdown available between controlled drugs and restricted drugs. 3 No breakdown available between Heroin, Cocaine and other drugs. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue #85-205. Updated November, 1986. Rates from 1983 have been rounded to remove the decimal. Included under the Narcotic Control Act are the following drugs: Acetyldihydrocodeine Alphaprodine Anileridine Cannabis Cocaine Codeine Diphenoxylate Etorphine Heroin Hydrocodone Hydromorphone Levorphanol Methadone Morphine Norme thadone Opium Oxycodone Pethidine Phencyclidine Unknown and Other Rates may not add to total due to rounding. Included under the Food and Drug Amobarbital Amobarbital and Secobarbital Amphetamine Barbiturates Benzphetamine Butabarbital Act are the fol lowing drugs: Diethylpropion Phendimetrazine ltsbarbital Phenmetrazine Methamphetamine Phenobarbital Methaqualon Phentermine Methylphenidate Secobarbital Pentazocine Unknown and Other Pentobarbital Updated August 18, 1987

DRUGS ADULTS SECTION IV TABLE 20.1 ADULTS CHARGED FOR DRUG OFFENCES, BY TYPE OF DRUG, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 ADULTS, CANADA 1978-1982 TYPE OF DRUG 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Narcotic Control Act Heroin 1,315 7.7 541 3.1 541 3.1 377 2.1 467 2.5 Cocaine 714 4.2 796 4.6 1,192 6.7 1,532 8.5 1,564 8.5 Other Drugs 1,289 7.6 1,026 5.9 1,258 7.1 1,160 6.4 1,147 6.2 Cannabis 43,342 255.1 46,884 270.4 52,599 297.0 52,810 292.0 37,309 202.3 TOTAL 46,660 274.6 49,247 284.1 55,590 313.8 55,879 309.0 40,487 219.6 Food and Drugs Act Controlled Drugs 696 4.1 719 4.1 548 3.1 564 3.1 481 2.6 Restricted Drugs 1,519 8.9 2,709 15.6 3,093 17.5 2,558 14.1 2,054 11.1 TOTAL I 2,215 13.0 3,428 19.8 3,641 20.6 3,122 17.3 2,535 13.7 Updated Feb 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crimes and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205 Statistics Canada - Census Division - Catalogue #91-202.

e DRUGS ADULTS SECTION IV TABLE 20.2 ADULTS CHARGED FOR DRUG OFFENCES, BY TYPE OF DRUG, IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 ADULTS, CANADA 1983-1985 TYPE OF DRUG 1983 1984 1 9 8 5( 1 ) NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Narcotic Control Act Heroin 643 3.4 430 2.3 508 2.7 Cocaine 2,066 11.0 2,843 15.0 3,328 17.7 Other Drugs 1,061 5.7 1,146 6.0 1,412 7.5 Cannabis 34,112 182.0 32,086 168.8 30,189 161.0 TOTAL 37,882 202.1 36,505 192.1 35,437 188.9 Food and Drugs Act Controlled Drugs 415 2.2 359 1.9 295 1.6 Restricted Drugs 2,271 12.1 1,551 8.2 1,521 8.1 TOTAL 2,686 14.3 1,910 10.1 37,253 198.6 (1) Figures and rates for adults will be affected by the Young Offenders Act, which was given Royal Assent in 1982 and implemented as an Act in 1984. The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. For the sake of consistency in the manual figures and rates for 1985 are presented as if all provinces were conforming to the new age requirements as of January 1, 1985. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205 Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202.

DRUGS JUVENILES SECTION IV TABLE 21.1 JUVENILES DEALT WITH FOR DRUG RELATED DELINQUENCIES, BY TYPE OF DRUG IN NUMBERS AM) RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA 1979-1981 TYPE OF DRUG 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Narcotic Control Act Heroin 8 0.2 6 0.2 12 0.3 8 0.2 6 0.2 Cocaine 6 0.1 7 0.2 22 0.6 18 0.5 23 0.6 Other Drugs 67 1.6 101 2.5 113 2.9 145 3.9 124 3.4 Cannabis 2,308 56.6 3,734 94.1 4,137 106.5 3,559 94.6 2,443 66.4 TOTAL 2,389 58.5 3,848 97.0. 4,284 110.3 3,730 99.2 2,596 70.5 Food and Drugs Act Controlled Drugs 18 0.4 14 0.4 12 0.3 17 0.5 13 0.4 Restricted Drugs 58 1.4 120 3.0 196 5.0 121 3.2 89 2.4 TOTAL 76 1.9 134 3.4 208 5.4 138 3.7 1 102 2.8 Updated February 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Crimes and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue 1185-205 Statistics Canada - Census Division - Catalogue #91-202.

e DRUGS JUVENILES SECTION IV TABLE 21.2 JUVENILES DEALT WITH FOR DRUG RELATED DELINQUENCIES, BY TYPE OF DRUG IN NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 JUVENILES, CANADA 1983-1985 TYPE OF DRUG 1 9 8 3 1 9 8 4 1 9 8 5( 1 ) NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Narcotic Control Act Heroin 9 0.2 3 0.1 6 0.3 Cocaine 29 0.8 37 1.0 68 3.0 Other Drugs 107 3.0 96 2.7 169 7.5 Cannabis 2,226 61.5 2,208 61.8 3,865 171.4 TOTAL 2,371 65.5 I 2,344 65.6 4,108 182.1 Food and Drugs Act Controlled Drugs 26 0.7 14 0.4 21 0.9 Restricted Drugs 119 3.3 77 2.2 161 7.1 TOTAL 145 4.0 I 91 I 2.5 4,290 190.2 (1) The Young Offenders Act was given Royal Assent in 1982, and implemented as an Act in 1984. The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. For the sake of consistency in the manual figures and rates for 1985 are presented as if all provinces were conforming to the new age requirements as of January 1, 1985. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205 Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202.

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POPULATION SECTION V TABLE 22 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION, CANADA, 1962-1986 (THOUSANDS) YEAR POPULATION 1962 18,583 1963 18,931 1964 19,291 1965 19,644 1966 20,015 1967 20,378 1968 20,701 1969 21,001 1970 21,297 1971 21,568 1972 21,802 1973 22,043 1974 22,364 1975 22,697 1976 22,993 1977 23,273 1978 23,517 1979 23,747 1980 24,043 1981 24,342 1982 24,632 1983 24,889 1984 25,128 1985 25,359 1986 25,116 For Census years 1966, 1971, 1976 and 1981, the figures are actual, all other years are estimates. They are calculated as at June 1st of each year. Figures of all Census years except 1981, were obtained from Statistics Canada, Census Division, catalogue #11-516. For 1981, and all other years, figures were obtained from Statistics Canada, Census Division, catalogue #91-201. Updated March, 1987.

POPULATION SECTION V TABLE 23 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION, BY SEX, CANADA, 1975-1985 (THOUSANDS) BY SEX YEAR MALE FEMALE TOTAL 1975 11313.8 11383.5 22697.1 1976 11449.5 11543.1 22992.6 1977 11578.3 11694.4 23272.8 1978 11689.2 11827.8 23517.0 1979 11793.1 11954.2 23747.3 1980 11929.3 12113.2 24042.5 1981 12067.6 12274.1 24341.7 1982 12204.6 12427.2 24631.8 1983 12323.6 12566.2 24889.8 1984 12433.5 12694.4 25127.9 1985 12540.4 12818.2 25358.5 For census years 1976 and 1981, the figures are actual. All other years are estimates. They are calculated as at June 1st of each year. Total may not add due to rounding. Source: Statistics Canada Census Division No. 91-210 Updated May, 1986

POPULATION AΠGROUPS SECTION V TABLE 24 ESTIMATES OF ADULT AND YOUTH POPULATION CANADA, 1977-1985 YEAR ADULT 0-6 JUVENILE( 1 ) YOUTH( 2 ) CANADA 1977 16624.5 2475.4 4173.1 6648.5 23,273 1978 16979.6 2456.6 4080.8 6537.4 23,517 1979 17323.4 2456.7 3966.9 6423.6 23,747 1980 17701.9 2474.8 3867.4 6342.2 24,043 1981 18083.4 2496.7 3761.9 6258.6 24,342 1982 18438.4 2512.2 3681.4 6193.6 24,632 1983 18747.2 2522.3 3619.5 6141.8 24,889 1984 19004.8 2550.1 3573.1 6123.2 25,128 1985 19243.5 2578.4 3536.6 6115.0 25,359 (1) The lower age limit for juveniles was 7 years, the upper age limit varies for each province as follows: age 7-15 New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Yukon & the Northwest Territories. age 7-16 Newfoundland and British Columbia. age 7-17 Quebec and Manitoba (2) Youth includes the ages 0-6 across Canada plus juveniles. In 1984 the Young Offenders Act was passed. This Act will standardize the age of juveniles across the country as 12 to 17 years. Source: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202 Updated June, 1987

POPULATION s SECTION V TABLE 25 ESTIMATES OF JUVENILE POPULATION, AGE 7 AND UP, CANADA, 1977-1984 (THOUSANDS) s JUVENILE AGE GROUPS 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 AGE 7 to 15 Prince Edward Island 21.8 21.4 20.8 20.2 19.5 19.2 19.0 18.7 Nova Scotia 143.7 140.5 137.1 132.7 128.2 125.4 124.0 122.2 New Brunswick 122.9 120.8 117.9 115.0 111.4 109.1 108.3 107.6 Ontario 1337.3 1314.7 1277.1 1239.5 1199.8 1177.5 1164.2 1154.6 Saskatchewan 159.3 155.6 151.5 147.4. 143.6 141.8 142.5 143.4 Alberta 322.5 321.2 318.2 318.3 320.3 321.7 320.4 315.1 Yukon & N.W.T. 13.3 13.4 13.2 13.0 12.9 12.7 12.2 12.3 AGE 7 to 16 Newfoundland 129.6 128.0 127.1 125.8 123.1 119.8 118.0 115.8 British Columbia 433.4 427.0 419.7 434.6 412.5 405.0 399.5 396.8 AGE 7 to 17 Quebec 1283.3 1236.1 1187.7 1145.8 1103.8 1066.2 1031.3 1009.5 Manitoba 206.0 202.2 196.6 191.4 186.8 183.0 180.1 177.1 CANADA 4173.1 4080.8 I 3966.9 3883.8 I 3761.9 3681.4 3619.5 3573.1 In 1984 the Young Offenders Act was passed. This Act will standardize the age of juveniles across the country as 12 to 17 years. The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-518

SECTION V TABLE 25 (Continued) ESTIMATES OF JUVENILE POPULATION, AGE 12 TO 17, CANADA, 1985 (THOUSANDS) POPULATION JUVENILE AΠ12 to 17 1985 Newfoundland 71.7 Prince Edward Island 13.1 Nova Scotia 85.9 New Brunswick 73.7 Quebec 546.3 Ontario 806.0 Manitoba 98.4 Saskatchewan 96.0 Alberta 210.6 British Columbia 245.4 Yukon 2.3 Northwest Territories 6.3 CANADA 2255.3 Figures may not add due to rounding. In 1984 the Young Offenders Act was passed. This Act will standardize the age of juveniles across the country as 12 to 17 years. The provinces were given until April 1985 to conform to the age ranges specified by the Act. Updated November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada Census Division Catalogue #91-202

SECTION V TABLE 26.1 POPULATIO PROV. 197 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AGE AND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1977 (THOUSANDS) PROVINCE A G E 0-6 7-11 12 13 14 15 16 17 12-17 18 & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland 80.7 63.5 13.7 13.4 13.1 12.8 13.1 12.6 78.7 336.9 559.8 P.E.I. 13.8 10.9 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.6 16.2 78.4 119.3 Nova Scotia 93.1 73.1 17.2 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.8 17.3 105.7 561.5 833.4 New Brunswick 82.5 63.1 14.6 15.0 15.3 14.9 15.0 14.7 89.5 449.0 684.1 Quebec 630.8 504.9 124.0 126.6 130.2 128.9 134.7 134.0 778.4 4369.9 6284.0 Ontario 866.8 684.4 158.7 164.1 166.5 164.2 169.3 163.5 986.3 5815.6 8353.1 Manitoba 115.8 85.3 19.2 19.9 20.2 20.3 20.7 20.4 120.7 705.6 1027.4 Saskatchewan 107.5 80.6 18.9 20.0 20.2 19.6 19.9 19.8 118.4 628.4 934.9 Alberta 224.1 167.6 36.6 38.7 39.8 39.8 41.2 41.3 237.4 1283.6 1912.7 British Columbia 249.8 196.9 44.3 47.1 48.6 47.6 48.9 49.3 285.8 1766.9 2499.4 Yukon 2.8 2.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 2.6 14.4 21.8 N.W.T. 7.7 5.4 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 6.1 23.6 42.8 CANADA 2475.4 1937.7 451.6 466.9 475.8 469.9 484.9 476.9 2825.8 16033.8 23272.8 (1) Post Censal Estimates Update March 1987 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

SECTION V TABLE 26.2 POPULATION PROV. 1978 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1978 (THOUSANDS) PROVINCE A G E 0-6 7-11 12 13 14 15 16 17 12-17 18 & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland 78.4 61.9 13.5 13.8 13.4 12.9 12.5 12.6 78.7 342.4 561.5 P.E.I. 13.6 10.6 2.4 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.7 16.1 80.7 121.0 Nova Scotia 90.4 71.7 15.9 17.3 17.8 17.8 17.7 17.6 104.1 571.3 837.5 New Brunswick 80.8 61.9 13.8 14.8 15.1 15.2 14.7 14.7 88.3 457.1 688.1 Quebec 629.1 482.3 112.4 123.9 126.4 129.6 128.1 133.4 753.8 4437.2 6302.4 Ontario 854.1 673.6 149.2 159.9 165.1 166.9 164.1 168.4 973.6 5938.3 8439.6 Manitoba 114.2 84.3 18.1 19.2 19.9 20.1 20.1 20.5 117.9 715.6 1032.0 Saskatchewan 108.3 79.0 17.5 19.0 20.0 20.1 19.4 19.5 115.5 640.7 943.5 Alberta 228.8 170.3 34.8 36.8 38.9 40.4 41.0 42.9 234.8 1349.2 1983.1 British Columbia 248.3 197.6 41.4 44.7 47.4 48.6 47.6 48.7 278.4 1818.0 2542.3 Yukon 2.8 2.0 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.5 15.2 22.5 N.W.T. 7.7 5.3 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 6.2 24.4 43.6 CANADA 2456.6 1900.9 420.3 453.6 468.4 475.9 469.2 482.4 2769.9 16390.2 23517.1 gures may not add due to rounding (1) Post Censal Estimates Updated April 1985 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue 1191-202

MO, PROVINCE SECTION V TABLE 26.3 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JdNE 1 51 1979 (THOUSANDS) A G E 0-6 7-11 12 13 14 15 16 17 12-17 18 & CANADA ABOVE POPULATION PROV. 1979 Newfoundland 75.6 61.2 12.8 13.5 13.7 13.3 12.6 12.1 78.0 348.7 563.5 P.E.I. 13.5 10.6 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.6 15.6 82.3 122.0 Nova Scotia 88.8 70.9 15.0 16.0 17.4 17.8 17.8 17.6 101.6 580.5 841.8 New Brunswick 78.9 61.2 12.9 13.9 14.8 15.1 15.1 14.5 86.3 465.5 691.9 Quebec 636.4 464.4 103.7 112.3 123.9 126.5 129.3 127.6 723.3 4514.8 6338.9 Ontario 844.3 662.7 138.6 149.5 160.6 165.7 167.0 163.7 945.1 6049.2 8501.3 Manitoba 111.7 82.9 16.8 18.0 19.2 19.8 20.0 19.9 113.7 719.7 1028.0 Saskatchewan 109.9 78.4 16.3 17.6 19.2 20.0 19.9 19.1 112.1 650.9 951.3 Alberta 236.1 171.7 34.6 35.1 37.2 39.6 41.4 42.6 230.5 1414.5 2052.8 British Columbia 251.2 196.9 39.7 41.5 45.2 47.7 48.7 47.6 270.4 1870.9 2589.4 Yukon 2.8 2.0 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.5 15.0 22.3 N.W.T. 7.5 5.4 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 6.0 25.1 44.0 2456.7 1868.7 394.0 421.3 455.5 469.9 476.1 468.6 2685.1 16737.1 23747.3 dellica gibures may not add due to rounding. (1) Post Censal Estimates Updated April 1985 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

SECTION V TABLE 26.4 POPULATION PROV. 1980 11111I PROVINCE ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAM) PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1980 (THOUSAKCS) A G E 0-6 7-11 12 13 14 15 16 17 12-17 18 & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland 73.4 60.3 12.4 12.7 13.5 13.7 13.2 12.3 77.8 354.1 565.6 P.E.I. 13.7 10.6 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.8 15.2 83.3 122.8 Nova Scotia 87.4 72.1 14.3 14.9 16.0 17.4 17.8 17.7 98.1 589.5 845.1 New Brunswick 77.4 60.9 12.4 12.9 13.9 14.9 15.1 15.0 84.2 472.9 695.4 Quebec 647.4 452.9 96.9 103.4 112.4 124.2 126.7 129.3 692.9 4592.9 6386.1 Ontario 839.6 656.8 132.8 138.4 150.0 161.5 166.6 167.4 916.7 6156.6 8569.7 Manitoba 109.8 81.9 16.2 16.6 17.9 19.2 19.8 19.8 109.5 723.7 1024.9 Saskatchewan 111.2 78.4 15.9 16.2 17.7 19.2 20.0 19.7 108.7 661.1 959.4 Alberta 246.0 174.3 34.7 35.0 36.0 38.3 41.0 43.3 228.3 1492.0 2140.6 British Columbia 258.6 199.0 39.8 40.4 42.4 46.1 48.6 49.3 266.6 1941.8 2666.0 Yukon 2.8 2.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 2.5 14.9 22.3 N.W.T. 7.6 5.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.9 6.0 26.0 44.7 r 2474.8 1852.6 379.0 394.4 423.6 458.8 473.0 477.9 2606.5 17108.8 24042.5 M igures may not add due to rounding. (1) Post Censal Estimates Updated March 1987 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

SECTION V TABLE 26.5 POPULATION PROV. 1981 IIIIIP PROVINCE ACTUAL POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE, JUNE 1ST 1981 (THOUSANDS) ACE 7-11 12 13 14 15 0-6 16 17 12-17 19 & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland 71.0 59.1 12.1 12.4 12.6 13.4 13.5 13.0 77.0 360.6 567.7 P.E.I. 13.5 10.5 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.7 2.8 14.5 84.0 122.5 Nova Scotia 86.2 69.1 13.9 14.3 14.9 16.0 17.4 17.6 94.1 598.0 847.4 New Brunswick 76.0 60.2 12.0 12.4 12.9 13.9 14.8 15.0 81.0 479.2 696.4 Quebec 656.1 445.5 93.9 97.2 103.3 112.5 124.5 126.9 658.3 4678.3 6438.2 Ontario 837.1 646.3 132.2 133.3 137.9 150.1 162.0 166.9 882.4 6258.9 8624.7 Manitoba 108.5 81.0 16.2 16.2 16.5 17.9 19.2 19.8 105.8 730.9 1026.2 Saskatchewan 112.7 77.8 16.0 15.9 16.2 17.7 19.3 19.9 105.0 672.8 968.3 Alberta 258.6 176.6 35.2 35.3 35.8 37.4 40.1 43.1 226.9 1575.2 2237.3 British Columbia 266.5 198.4 41.8 40.7 41.1 43.3 47.2 49.6 263.7 2015.6 2744.2 Yukon 2.9 2.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 2.5 15.8 23.2 N.W.T. 7.6 5.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 6.2 26.7 45.7 -.- CANADA 2496.7 1831.8 376.9 381.3 394.8 426.0 462.2 475.9 2517.4 17496.0 24341.7 "Mures may not add due to rounding. Updated April 1985 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

SECTION V TABLE 26.6 POPULATION PROV. 1982 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE (IO )(l ), JUNE 1ST 1982 (THOUSANDS) PROVINCE A G E 0-6 7-11 12 13 14 15 16 17 12-17 18 & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland 69.1 57.8 12.1 12.1 12.3 12.4 13.1 13.1 75.1 366.5 568.5 P.E.I. 13.4 10.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.6 13.8 85.1 122.7 Nova Scotia 85.5 67.9 14.3 14.0 14.4 14.9 15.9 17.2 90.7 607.6 851.7 New Brunswick 74.7 59.7 12.2 12.0 12.4 12.8 13.7 14.6 77.7 486.8 698.9 Quebec 657.8 441.6 94.3 93.8 97.0 102.9 112.1 124.0 624.1 4756.3 6479.8 Ontario 838.1 635.9 136.7 132.8 133.7 138.3 150.3 162.3 854.1 6388.0 8716.1 Manitoba 108.5 80.2 16.6 16.2 16.3 16.5 17.9 19.3 102.8 743.0 1034.5 Saskatchewan 114.6 77.9 15.9 16.0 15.9 16.1 17.6 19.1 100.6 686.0 979.1 Alberta 270.2 177.0 36.5 35.4 35.8 36.8 38.8 42.0 225.3 1646.0 2318.5 British Columbia 272.3 194.7 42.6 42.0 40.8 41.4 43.6 47.5 257.9 2066.2 2791.1 Yukon 3.0 2.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 2.5 16.2 23.7 N.W.T. 7.8 5.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 6.2 28.2 47.2 CANADA 2514.8 1810.4 384.8 377.9 382.2 395.8 426.9 463.2 2430.8 17875.8 24631.8 igures may not add due to rounding ) Post Censal Estimates Updated May, 1985 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

SECTION V TABLE 26.7 POPULATION PROV. 1983 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAM) PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1983 (THOUSAWS) 91111. A G E PROVINCE 0-6 7-11 12 13 14 15 16 17 12-17 18 & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland 69.2 56.9 12.2 12.1 12.1 12.3 12.3 12.9 73.9 377.9 577.9 P.E.I. 13.6 10.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 13.3 87.0 124.0 Nova Scotia 84.5 66.5 14.8 14.3 14.0 14.4 14.8 15.8 88.1 620.2 859.3 New Brunswick 74.3 59.0 12.6 12.3 12.0 12.4 12.7 13.6 75.6 497.8 706.7 Quebec 659.6 439.8 92.5 94.3 93.6 96.8 102.6 111.7 591.5 4830.7 6521.6 Ontario 840.2 621.7 137.9 137.2 133.3 134.1 138.6 150.6 831.7 6522.3 8815.9 Manitoba 109.9 79.3 16.9 16.6 16.3 16.3 16.6 18.0 100.7 757.3 1047.2 Saskatchewan 115.9 78.3 16.1 16.0 16.1 16.0 16.1 17.5 97.8 700.7 992.7 Alberta 270.3 175.7 36.9 36.2 35.4 36.2 37.6 40.0 222.3 1681.7 2350.0 British Columbia 273.8 190.1 42.4 42.7 42.0 40.9 41.4 43.7 253.1 2106.9 2823.9 Yukon 2.9 1.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 2.3 15.4 22.3 N.W.T. 7.8 4.9 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 6.3 29.4 48.4 2522.3 1784.0 386.0 385.5 378.6 382.8 396.3 427.5 2356.7 18226.8 24889.8 1111111DA 11110res may not add due to rounding (1) Post Censal Estimates SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue #91-202

SECTION V TABLE 26.8 POPULATION PROV. 1984 Ill" PROVINCE ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AGE AND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JUNE 1ST 1984 (THOUSANDS) A G E 0-6 7-11 12 13 14 15 16 17 12-17 18 & CANADA ABOVE Newfoundland 66.5 55.1 12.2 12.3 12.1 12.0 12.1 12.1 72.8 385.1 579.5 P.E.I. 13.4 9.9 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 13.0 89.0 125.3 Nova Scotia 85.1 64.8 14.2 14.8 14.4 14.0 14.3 14.7 86.4 633.6 869.9 New Brunswick 73.7 58.2 12.6 12.7 12.3 12.0 12.3 12.6 74.5 506.9 713.3 Quebec 653.8 444.2 87.1 92.3 94.1 93.3 96.4 102.1 565.3 4885.7 6549.0 Ontario 856.3 614.5 129.9 138.5 137.8 133.9 134.7 139.3 814.1 6652.5 8937.4 Manitoba 110.9 78.2 16.2 16.9 16.6 16.3 16.3 16.6 98.9 768.5 1056.5 Saskatchewan 116.9 79.2 15.8 16.2 16.1 16.1 15.9 16.0 96.1 714.0 1006.2 Alberta 279.1 173.5 34.4 36.2 35.8 35.2 36.3 38.0 215.9 1680.3 2348.8 British Columbia 283.5 188.9 39.3 42.5 42.8 42.2 41.1 41.6 249.5 2148.8 2870.7 Yukon 3.0 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 2.3 15.0 21.8 N.W.T. 8.1 4.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 6.4 30.0 49.4 AILDA 2550.1 1773.1 365.3 386.0 385.6 378.7 382.9 396.5 2295.2 18509.5 25127.9 s may not add due to rounding NIIIrost Censal Estimates SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue 11 91-202

- SECTION V TABLE 26.9 ESTIMATES OF POPULATION: BY AΠAND PROVINCE (ID)( 1 ), JLINE 1 51 1985 (THOUSANDS) 18 & PROVINCE 0-6 7-11 12 13 14 15 16 17 12-17 OVER CANADA Newfoundland 64.8 53.2 11.7 12.2 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.8 71.7 390.7 580.4 Prince Edward Island 13.5 10.1 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 13.1 90.4 127.1 Nova Scotia 85.9 63.4 13.8 14.4 14.9 14.4 14.1 14.3 85.9 645.5 880.7 New Brunswick 73.5 56.8 12.1 12.6 12.7 12.2 11.9 12.2 73.7 515.2 719.2 Quebec 650.5 450.8 84.5 86.9 92.1 93.8 93.0 96.0 546.3 4933.1 6580.7 Ontario 873.1 610.8 127.0 130.7 139.3 138.6 134.7 135.7 806.0 6776.3 9066.2 Manitoba 112.6 77.9 15.9 16.2 16.9 16.7 16.3 16.4 98.4 780.7 1069.6 Saskatchewan 118.9 79.9 15.9 15.9 16.2 16.1 16.1 15.8 96.0 724.7 1019.5 Alberta 284.1 171.5 33.4 33.7 35.7 35.7 35.4 36.7 210.6 1682.6 2348.8 British Columbia 289.8 187.3 38.1 39.2 42.4 42.7 42.0 41.0 245.4 2170.0 2892.5 Yukon 3.3 1.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.3 15.7 22.8 Northwest Territories 8.5 4.7 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 6.3 31.4 50.9 IIIILDA 2578.4 1768.2 355.7 365.4 386.2 385.8 378.9 383.3 2255.3 18756.3 25358.5 Figures may not add due to rounding. (1) Post Censal Estimates. Updated June, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Census Division, Catalogue 1191-202 AGE

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INTRODUCTION Economic Historically, women who come into conflict with the criminal law have had to take a back seat to male offenders in both research and correctional treatment priorities. The underrepresentation of women in the criminal justice system has been interpreted as an indication that female offenders don't pose as great a threat to society as the more violent and more numerous male offenders, and thus don't merit special, if any, attention. Over the years, studies of patterns, causes and correlates of criminality have focused primarily on male offenders. Interest in women's involvement in crime has been minimal by comparison, but the newly raised consciousness of Canadians to areas of general concern for women has effectively stimulated interest in the status of women as offenders. and social profiles that might help to explain how and why women come into conflict with the law, and the services and treatment appropriate for them, are hindered in part by the lack of consistent data collection procedures at various stages of the criminal justice system. The purpose of this report is to present what is known about female offenders through available statistical data, and by identifying some of the gaps in information, to stimulate ideas for. research. This report is intended solely as a compendium of the statistical information currently available from official sources, with discussions of the quality and limitations of the data to assist researchers in making accurate interpretations of the information.

- 2-- Conspicuous by its absence from this list is court or sentencing data on female offenders. Criminal courts and the sentences they impose are the most visible components of the criminal justice system, and yet there is at present no national program to collect criminal court statistics. The former Adult Court Program administered by the Justice Statistics Division of Statistics Canada was fraught with reporting problems (data from British Columbia, Alberta and Ontario were frequently excluded) and was terminated in 1980. Plans by the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics to implement a new national adult court statistics program will not be realized for some years to come. According to the Report of the Implementation Working Group on Justice Statistics, 1981, most provinces did not have a comprehensive system at that time which could routinely generate complete and comparable offender-related statistics for all the courts having criminal jurisdiction. Some jurisdictions are planning to install computer-based information systems over the next several years which will eventually provide a base for information on court caseloads. In October 1983, the Justice Department published a report prepared under contract by The Research Group which describes some of the sentencing trends observed in cases from seven court groups and ten correctional jurisdictions. The data were not ordered by sex, so sentencing trends for female offenders are not available from this study. The Department of Justice also recently completed studies of sentencing trends in Winnipeg and Prince Edward Island. Information on type of offence and type and length of sentence was collected for males and females. Analyses of both studies are to be released in late 1984.

- 3- The Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics and the Department of Justice have recently embarked on separate feasibility studies to determine if the Fingerprint System (FPS) and Canadian Police Information Centre (CPIC) data systems can be used as a source of information on criminal court activity in Canada. EPS/CPIC are data files maintained by the RCMP and contain demographic information on persons charges and court dispositions for indictable offences. The data presented in this report allow for fairly complete descriptions of persons who are charged by police and those who are sentenced to federal terms of incarceration. Because record-keeping procedures have not been standardized among the provinces, compatible aggregated data on persons admitted to provincial institutions are not presently available. Data of varying levels of complexity are available upon request from the agencies responsible for corrections in each province, however. Plans for the future involve updating this report as the information becomes available and compiling separately retrievable data on admissions to provincial institutions. This measure would also serve to address more fully the issue of native women who come into conflict with the law. Reasonable national estimates of the number of women admitted to provincial institutions under sentence or on remand are readily accessible and have been included in this report. The lack of information at some intervening stages is problematic since questions of relative leniency in court decisions or factors which may influence the dispositions given are, for the moment unanswerable.

SECTION VI TABLE 27 FEMALE OFFENDERS PERSONS CHARGED BY TYPE IF LEGISLATIVE OFFENCE CATEGORY AND SEX, 1975-1984 1975-1984 OFFENCE CATEGORIES 1 9 7 5 1 9 7 6 1 9 7 7 1 9 7 8 1 9 7 9 1 9 8 0 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 2 1 9 8 5 1 9 8 4 PERCENT CHANGE M F M F M F M F M F H F M F M F M F M F M F Criminal Code( 1 ) 235,462 38,425 254,380 43,250 265,677 44,108 277,263 49,006 289,930 52,151 318,859 56,408 334,720 59,803 326,882 59,957 341,793 63,022 354,902 63,001 +42.2 +64.0 (14.0) (14.5) (14.2) (15.0) (15.2) (15.0) (14.8) (15.5) (15.6) (15.8) Federal Statute( 1 ) 58,067 5,642 68,563 7,362 76,146 7,851 72,513 8,117 66,522 7,449 68,020 8,186 68,501 8,033 52,069 6,671 49,063 6,674 45,678 5,445-24.8-6.8 (9.1) (9.7) (9.3) (10.1) (10.1) (10.7) (10.5) (11.4) (12.0) (11.1) Provincial Statute( 1 ) 249,803 17,537 231,870 16,000 247,778 18,212 258,165 19,120 322,497 25,264 314,643 27,798 354,741 28,508 297,187 27,886 279,968 28,062 254,429 25,696 +1.9 +46.5 (6.6) (6.5) (6.8) (6.9) (6.7) (8.1) (7.8) (8.6) (9.1) (9.2) Municipal 13y-Law( 1 ) 23,440 2,960 22,756 3,524 23,000 3,689 21,982 3,761 22,777 4,307 23,634 4,122 27,163 4,949 26,269 5,384 24,068 4,670 24,836 4,403 +6.0 +48.8 (11.2) (15.4) (13.8) (14.6) (15.9) (14.9) (15.4) (17.0) (16.5) (15.1) TOTAL 566,772 64,764 577,569 70,136 612,601 73,860 629,923 80,004 701,726 87,171 725,356 96,514 765,125 101,293 702,407 99,898 694,892 102,428 657,845 98,545 +16.1 +52.2 PERCENT CF TOTAL 89.7 10.3 89.2 10.8 89.2 10.8 88.7 11.3 89.0 11.0 88.3 11.7 88.3 11.7 87.5 12.5 87.2 12.8 87.0 13.0 PERCENT CHANGE OVER PREVIOUS YEAR +1.9 +8.3 +6.1 +5.3 +2.8 +8.3 +11.4 +9.0 +3.4 +10.7 +5.5 +5.0-8.2-1.4-1.1 +2.5-5.3-3.2 (1) Excludes Traffic Offences Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue 085-205. Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue 085-205. Updated December, 1986

SECIION VI 11> FEMALES CHARGED MIDI saiummurrences, 1975-1984 1975-1984 TOTALS 1975-1984 OFFEKCE CATEGORIES 1 9 7 5 1 9 7 6 1 9 7 7 1 9 7 8 1 9 7 9 1 9 8 0 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 2 1 9 8 3 1 9 8 4 NLNBER PERCENT PERCENT CHANGE Murder-Capital/lst Degree 0 2 10 (i ) 50 22 14 20 16 25 14 155.02 +600.0( 2 ) Murder-Non Capita1/2nd Degree 61 61 46 37 36 36 54 41 45 32 449 0.05-47.5 Manslaughter 10 9 10 7 6 7 6 10 El 7 80.01-30.0 Infanticide 0 4 3 5 3 4 1 1 6 1 28.005-75.0( 2 ) Attempt ftrder/wounding 240 216 255 257 347 306 545 356 79( 5 ) 86 2,465 0.5-64.2 Rape/Other Sexual Offences 44 37 35 26 61 65 61 121 189(4 ) 176 815 0.1 +300.0 Assault 2,702 3,001 3,147 3,325 5,519 3,955 4,107 4,227 5,324( 5 ) 5,715 39,022 4.6 +111.5 Robbery 398 409 401 422 429 558 524 525 495 519 4,658 0.5 +30.4 Break and Enter 1,098 1,305 1,397 1,525 1,665 2,031 2,072 1,954 1,995 1,888 16,930 2.0 +71.9 Theft Over $200 557 663 700 835 1,078 1,227 1,498 1,563 1,685 1,872 11,676 1.4 +226.1 Theft Under $200 1,973 1,976 2,155 2,046 2,247 2,327 2,553 2,761 2,772 2,613 25,405 2.7 +32.4 Shoplifting 15,843 18,187 16,892 20,510 22,263 23,218 24,705 25,865 26,399 25,863 219,745 25.6 +63.2 Motor Vehicle Theft 458 466 570 551 610 681 659 617 596 526 5,714 0.7 +14.8 Fraud 3,954 4,727 5,481 6,350 6,632 7,426 8,101 8,446 8,560 9,219 68,896 8.0 +135.2 Prostitution 2,372 2,038 1,927 867 921 960 851 427 571 547 11,481 1.5-76.9 Impaired Driving 5,148 5,780 6,895 7,517 8,055 9,091 9,976 9,440 10,526 10,644 83,070 9.7 +106.8 Federal Statute Drugs 4,292 5,247 5,355 5,098 5,152 5,955 5,666 4,524 4,494 3,908 49,669 5.8-8.9 Liquor Act 15,052 13,779 16,233 17,071 20,465 24,099 24,420 22,465 21,695 20,400 195,679 22.8 +35.5 Other Criminal Code( 5 ) 8,715 10,149 11,081 12,255 12,312 13,613 14,266 15,047 14,275(6 ) 13,923 125,616 14.4 +59.8 TOTAL FEMALES CHARGED 62,917 68,056 72,541 78,692 85,821 95,551 99,865 96,386 99,737 97,955 857,549 100.0 +55.7 ALL PERSONS CHARGED 695,025 711,416 752,893 773,474 861,468 891,381 934,552 851,509 850,160 810,731 8,152,589 +16.6 PERCENt FEMALE 9.1 9.6 9.6 10.2 10.0 10.7 10.7 11.3 11.7 12.1 10.5 +3.0 (I ) 2) 3) 4) ( 5 ) the increase in the number of charges for 1st degree murder from capital murder may be attributed to the 1976 change in legislation Wlich provided a broader range of definitions for the offence and abolished capital punishment. Based on 1976-1984 percentage change. UCR data categorization changed in 1983 to include woundirg under assault. UCR data categorization reflects the January 1983 amendment to the Criminal Code in Wiich three levels of sexual assault were introduced to replace rape. Other Criminal Code offences include possession of stolen goods, gaming and bettirg, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbirg the peace, kidnapping, obstructing public peace officer, wilful damage and other Criminal Code. ( 6 ) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence which comb sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 on January 3, 1983. This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 ard January 3, 1985. In addition, police reportirg practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205. Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue 085-205. Updated December, 1986

1) SECTION VI MALES CHARGED WITH SELECTEDNIIIPCES, 1975-1984 FOULE IFFE TOTAL 1975-1984 1975-1984 OFFEWE CATEGORIES 1 9 7 5 1 9 7 6 1 9 7 7 1 9 7 8 1 9 7 9 1 9 8 0 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 2 1 9 8 3 1 9 8 4 NEMBRE POURCENTAGE VARIATION DU POURCENTAGE P4irder-Capita1/1st Degree 7 9 155( 1 ) 189 180 172 196 220 212 208 1,546.02 +2,871.4 Murder-Non Capital/2nd Degree 398 406 295 279 273 212 228 248 243 211 2,791.04-47.0 Manslaughter 45 44 44 45 30 42 34 38 47 40 409.01-11.1 Infanticide 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 - -100.0 Attempt Murder/Wounding 1,220 1,281 1,328 1,403 1,447 1,536 1,855 1,819 624(2 ) 683 13,196 0.2-44.0 Rape/Other Sexual Offences 3,467 3,469 3,606 3,958 4,110 4,146 4,361 4,369 5,031(s) 6,143 42,710 0.6 +77.2 Assault 28,778 30,028 30,686 31,828 33,154 34,899 35,268 34,977 43,793(2 ) 48,305 351,696 4.8 +67.9 Robbery 5,549 5,402 5,664 5,800 5,524 6,837 6,748 6,963 6,456 6,199 61,142 0.8 +11.7 Break and Enter 30,381 32,796 35,638 35,993 37,145 44,557 47,206 48,385 49,377 44,442 403,920 5.6 +46.3 Theft Over $200 6,450 7,081 7,595 8,275 9,980 12,520 14,274 14,260 15,074 14,818 110,327 1.5 +129.7 Theft Under $200 20,785 20,767 20,631 21,189 22,031 23,745 25,792 26,108 25,311 23,091 229,450 3.2 +11.1 Shoplifting 18,613 21,677 20,720 22,683 24,159 27,184 30,433 34,404 36,417 35,869 272,159 3.7 +52.7 Motor Vehicle Theft 11,412 11,313 11,418 11,360 11,822 12,205 11,999 10,752 10,288 9,663 112,232 1.5-15.5 Fraud 16,788 18,573 19,170 20,752 20,872 23,255 25,471 26,633 26,509 27,499 225,522 3.1 +63.8 Prostitution 696 901 958 965 391 569 985 257 331 461 6,512 0.1-33.8 Impaired Driving 137,889 137,465 141,929 142,221 147,207 148,401 152,072 153,984 137,140 128,290 1,406,598 19.3-7.0 Federal Statute Drugs 39,650 47,795 49,893 43,777 47,523 55,298 53,355 38,498 36,074 34,507 444,350 6.1-13.0 Liquor Act 219,107 203,720 222,803 231,521 290,987 275,292 294,540 255,759 235,416 215,079 2,444,224 35.6-1.8 Other Criminal Code(4 ) 90,872 100,633 109,771 112,544 118,852 126,980 129,872 117,449 122,030( 5 ) 117,270 1,146,253 15.8 +29.0 TOTAL MALES CHARGED 632,108 643,360 680,302 694,782 775,647 795,850 1334,667 755,123-750,423 712,778 7,275,040 100.0 +12.8 ALL PERSONS CHARGED 695,025 711,416 752,893 773,474 861,468 891,381 934,552 851,509 850,160 810,731 8,152,589 +16.6 PERCENT MALE 90.9 90.4 93.4 89.8 90.0 89.3 89.3 88.7 88.4 87.9 89.5-3.0 The increase in the number of charges for let degree murder from capital murder may be attributed to the 1976 change in legislation which provided a broader range of definitiors for the offence and abolished capital punishment. (2) UCR data categorization changed in 1983 to include wounding urider assault. (3) UCR data categorization reflects the January 1983 amendment to the Criminal Code in Wiich three levels of sexual assault were introduced to replace rape. (4) Other Criminal Code offences include possession of stolen goods, gaming and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbirg the peace, kidnapping, obstructing pdblic peace officer, wilful damage and other Criminal Code. (5) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence alich counts sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclanation of Bill C-127 on January 3, 1983. This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 and January 3, 1983. In addition, police reportirg practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. - The base figure was too low to calculate a percentage. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue 185-205. Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue 185-205. Updated December, 1986 7.

MALES SECTION VI TABLE 30 AND FEMALES CHARGED WITH VIOLENT, PROPERTY AM) OTHER OFFENCES, 1975-1984 YEAR MALES FEMALES VIOLENT( 1 ) PR0PERTY( 2 ) OTHER( 3 ) VIOLENT( 1 ) PROPERTY( 2 ) OTHER( 3 ) FEMALE OFFENDER! 1975 39,465 104,429 488,214 3,455 23,883 35,579 Percent 6.2 16.5 77.2 5.5 38.0 56.6 1976 40,639 112,207 490,514 3,739 27,324 36,993 Percent 6.3 17.4 76.2 5.5 40.1 54.4 1977 41,776 113,172 525,354 3,905 27,195 41,491 Percent 6.1 16.6 77.2 5.4 37.5 57.2 1978 43,502 120,252 531,028 4,109 31,795 42,788 Percent 6.3 17.3 76.4 5.2 40.4 54.4 1979 44,698 126,009 604,940 4,423 34,495 46,903 Percent 5.8 16.2 78.0 5.2 40.2 54.7 1980 47,844 143,466 604,540 4,925 36,910 53,696 Percent 6.0 18.0 76.0 5.2 38.6 56.2 1981 48,690 155,175 630,802 5,118 39,568 55,179 Percent 5.8 18.6 75.6 5.1 39.6 55.3 1982 48,634 160,542 545,947 5,277 41,206 49,903 Percent 6.4 21.3 72.3 5.5 42.8 51.8 1983 56,456 162,976 530,991( 4 6,169 42,007 51,561( 4 )) Percent 7.5 21.7 70.7 6.2 42.1 51.7 1984 61,789 155,382 495,607 6,550 41,981 49,422 Percent 8.7 21.8 69.5 6.7 42.9 50.5 1975-1984 PERCENT CHANGE +56.6 +48.8 +1.5 +89.6 +75.8 +38.9 Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding. (1) Violent offences include murder, manslaughter, infanticide, attempted murder, wounding, rape, other sexual offences, assault and robbery. (2) Property offences include break and enter, theft over $200, theft under $200, fraud, shoplifting, and motor vehicle theft. (3) Other includes prostitution, impaired driving, possession of stolen goods, gaming and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbing the peace, kidnapping, obstructing public peace officer, wilful damage, other Criminal Code and federal statute drug offences. (4) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence which counts sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 on January 3, 1983. This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 and January 3, 1983. In addition, police reporting practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue, #85-205 Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205 Ill, Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 31 FEMALES AS A PROPORTION OF PERSONS CHARGED WITH VIOLENT, PROPERTY AND OTHER OFFENCES, 1975-1984 FEMALE OFFENDERS YEAR VIOLENT( 1 ) PROPERTY( 2 ) OTHER( 3 ) 1975 8.0 18.6 6.8 1976 8.4 19.6 7.0 1977 8.5 19.4 7.3 1978 8.6 20.9 7.5 1979 9.0 21.5 7.2 1980 9.3 20.5 8.2 1981 9.5 20.3 8.0 1982 9.8 20.4 8.4 1983 9.9 20.5 8.8( 4 ) 1984 9.6 21.3 9.1 (1) Violent offences include murder, manslaughter, infanticide, attempted murder, wounding, rape, other sexual offences, assault and robbery. (2) Property offences include break and enter, theft over $200, theft under $200, fraud, shoplifting, and motor vehicle theft. (3) Other includes prostitution, impaired driving, possession of stolen goods, gaming and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbing the peace, kidnapping, obstructing public peace officer, wilful damage, other Criminal Code and federal statute drug offences. (4) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence which counts sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 on January 3, 1983. This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 and January 3, 1983. In addition, police reporting practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue, #85-205 Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205 Updated December, 1987

OEM 1 1t1 VI TABLE 32 CHARGING RATES FOR SELECTED IFFENCES BY SEX, 1975-1984 Rates per 100,000 Male ard Female Population OFFCCE CATEGORIES _ 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 ht F M F M F M F m F M F M F M F Murder-Capital/lst degree 0.1-0.1-1.3 0.1 1.6 0.3 1.5 0.2 1.4 0.1 1.6 0.2 1.8 0.1 Murder-Non Capital/2nd degree 3.5 0.5 3.5 0.5 2.5 0.4 2.4 0.3 2.5 0.5 1.8 0.3 1.9 0.4 2.0 0.3 Manslaughter 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.3-0.3 0.1 Infanticide - - - - - - - - - - - - Attempted Flurder/Wounding 10.8 2.1 11.2 1.9 11.5 2.2 12.0 2.2 12.3 2.9 12.9 2.5 15.4 2.8 14.9 2.7 Rape/Other Sexual Offences 30.6 0.4 30.3 0.3 31.1 0.3 33.9 0.2 34.9 0.5 34.8 0.5 36.1 0.5 35.8 1.0 Assault 254.4 23.7 262.3 26.0 265.0 26.9 272.3 28.1 281.0 29.4 292.5 32.7 292.2 33.5 286.6 34.0 Robbery 49.0 3.5 47.2 3.5 48.9 3.4 49.6 3.6 46.8 3.6 57. 3 4.4 55.9 4.3 57.0 4.2 Break & Enter 268.5 9.6 286.4 11.5 290.5 11.9 307.9 12.9 315.0 13.9 373.5 16.8 391.2 16.9 396.4 15.7 Theft over $200 57.0 4.9 61.8 5.7 65.6 6.0 70.8 7.0 84.6 9.0 105.0 10.1 118.3 12.2 116.8 12.6 Theft under $200 183.7 17.3 181.4 17.1 178.2 18.4 181.3 17.3 186.8 18.8 199.0 19.2 213.7 20.6 213.9 22.2 Shoplifting 164.5 139.2 189.3 157.6 179.0 144.4 194.1 173.4 204.9 186.2 227.9 191.7 252.2 201.3 281.9 200.1 Motor Vehicle Theft 100.9 4.0 98.8 4.0 98.6 4.9 97.2 4.5 100.2 5.1 102.3 5.6 99.4 5.4 88.1 5.0 Fraud 148.4 34.7 162.2 41.0 165.6 46.9 177.5 53.7 177.0 55.5 194.9 61.3 211.1 66.0 218.2 68.0 Prostitution 6.2 20.8 7.9 17.7 8.3 16.5 8.3 7.3 3.3 7.7 4.8 7.9 8.1 6.9 2.1 3.4 Impair Driving 1,218.8 45.2 1,200.6 50.1 1,225.8 59.0 1,216.7 63.6 1,248.2 67.4 1,244.0 75.1 1,260.1 81.3 1,097.7 76.0 Federal Statute Drugs 350.5 37.7 417.4 45.5 430.9 45.8 374.5 43.1 403.0 43.1 446.8 49.0 441.9 46.2 315.4 36.4 Liquor Act 1,936.6 132.2 1,779.3 119.4 1,924.3 138.8 1,980.6 144.3 2,467.4 171.2 2,307.7 198.9 2,440.6 198.9 2,095.4 180.7 Other Criminal Code( 1 ) 803.2 76.6 878.9 87.9 948.1 94.8 962.8 103.4 1,007.6 103.0 1,064.4 112.4 1,076.1 116.2 962.3 105.0 TOTAL 5,587.1 552.7 5,619.1 589.6 5,875.6 620.8 5,943.8 665.4 6,577.1 717.9 6,671.4 788.7 6,916.2 813.6 6,186.7 775.6 PERCENT CHANGE OVER PREVIOUS YEAR +0.6 +6.7 +4.6 +5.3 +1.2 +7.2 +10.7 +7.9 +1.4 +9.9 +3.7 +3.2-10.5-4.7 ( 1 ) Other Crilninal Code offences include possession of stolen goods, gamin, and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbing the peace, kidnappirq, obstructirq peace officer, wilful damage ard other Criminal Code. (-) The rate calculated per 100,000 population was below 0.1. Source: 1981 Census of Canada, Statistics Canada Catalogue 92-901; Statistics Canada, Demography Division, unpublished updates; Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205; Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205. Updated December, 1986

SEC TION VI TABLE 32 (Continued) FENPLE OF FEW( RS Rates per 100,000 Male ard Female Population OFFEWE CATEGORIES 1 9 8 3 1 9 8 4 1975-1984 1975-1984 Rate Charge Percent Change M F M F M F M F Murder-Capital/lst degree 1.7 0.2 1.7 0.1 +1.6 +0.1 +1600.0 - Murder-Non Capital/2nd degree 2.0 0.4 1.7 0.3-1.8-0.2-51.4-40.0 Manslaughter 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1-0.1 0.0-25.0 - Infanticide - - - - 0 - - - Attempted Murder/Wounding 5.1 0.6 5.5 0.7-5.3-1.4-49.1-66.7 Rape/Other Sexual Offences 41.2 1.5 49.4 1.4 +18.8 +1.0 +61.4-250.0 Assault. 355.4 42.4 388.5 45.0 +134.1 +21.3 +12.7 +43.5 Robbery 52.4 3.9 49.9 4.1 +0.9 +0.6 +1.8 +17.1 Break & Enter 400.7 15.9 357.4 14.9 +88.9 +5.3 +33.1 +55.2 Theft over $200 122.3 13.4 119.2 14.7 +62.2 +9.8 +109.1 +200.0 Theft under $200 205.4 22.1 185.7 20.6 +2.0 +3.3. +1.1 +19.1 Shopliftirg 295.5 210.1 288.5 203.7 +124.0 +64.5 +75.4 +46.3 Motor Vehicle Theft 83.5 4.7 77.7 4.1-25.2 +0.1-25.0 +2.5 Freud 215.1 68.1 221.2 72.6 +72.8 +37.9 +49.1 +109.2 Prostitution 2.7 4.5 3.7 4.3-2.5-1 6.5-40.3-79.3 Impaired Driving 1,112.8 83.8 1,031.8 83.8-187.0 +38.6-15.3 +85.4 Federal Statute Drugs 292.7 35.8 277.5 30.8-73.0-6.9-20.8-18.3 Ligon' Act 1,910.3 172.6 1,729.8 160.7-206.8 +28.5-10.7 +21.6 Other Criminal Code( 1 ) 990.2 113.6 943.2 109.7 +140.0 +33.1 +17.4 +43.2 TOTAL 6,089.3 793.7 5,732.7 771.6 +145.6 +218.9 +2.6 +39.6 PERCENT CHANGE OVER PREVIOUS YEAR -1.6 +2.3-5.9-2.8

SECTION VI TABLE 33 CHARGING RATES FOR VIOLENT, PROPERTY AND OTHER OFFENCES BY SEX, 1975-1984 Rates per 100,000 Male and Female Population FEMALE OFFENDER! YEAR MALES FEMALES VIOLENT( 1 ) PR0PERTY( 2 ) OTHER( 3 ) VIOLENT( 1 ) PROPERTY( 2 ) 0THER( 3 ) 1975 348.8 923.0 4,315.2 30.4 209.8 312.6 1976 354.9 980.0 4,284.2 32.4 236.7 320.5 1977 360.8 977.4 4,537.4 33.4 232.5 354.8 1978 372.2 1,028.7 4,542.9 34.7 268.8 361.8 1979 379.0 1,068.5 5,129.6 37.0 288.6 392.4 1980 401.1 1,202.6 5,067.7 40.7 304.7 443.3 1981 403.5 1,285.8 5,226.9 41.7 322.3 449.5 1982 398.5 1,315.3 4,473.0 42.5 331.5 401.5 1983 458.1 1,322.5 4,308.7( 4 ) 49.1 334.3 410.3( 4 ) 1984 497.0 1,249.7 3,986.1 51.6 330.7 389.3 1975-1984 RATE CHANGE +148.2 +326.7-329.1 +21.2 +120.9 +76.7 (1) Violent offences include murder, manslaughter infanticide, attempted murder, wounding, rape, other sexual offences, assault and robbery. (2) Property offences include break and enter, theft over $200, theft under $200, fraud, shoplifting, and motor vehicle theft. (3) Other includes prostitution, impaired driving, possession of stolen goods, gaming and betting, offensive weapons, arson, bail violations, disturbing the peace, kidnapping, obstructing public peace officer, wilful damage, other Criminal Code and federal statute drug offences. (4) UCR data categorization in 1983 included Other Crimes of Violence which counts sexual assault and assault data recorded by the police prior to the proclamation of Bill C-127 on January 3, 1983. This category provides for charges laid under the previous legislation between January 1 and January 3, 1983. In addition, police reporting practices may have lagged behind changes to the legislation. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue, #85-205 Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205 Updated December, 1986

FEMALE SECTION VI TABLE 34 PERSONS CHARŒD WITH SELECTED TRAFFIC OFFENCES, 1975-1982 OFFENDERS 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 M r Fr F M F ri F ri F M F ri F pi F CRIMINAL CODE Criminal Negligence - causing death 227 7 193 12 217 26 191 2 267 e 296 16 284 9 183 9 Criminal Negligence - causing bodily harm 108 5 109 4 141 5 117 3 147 5 168 4 169 16 169 9 Criminal Negligence - operating a motor vehicle 640 10 678 18 671 26 621 20 876 36 854 27 982 35 831 35 Fail to Stop or Remain( 1 ) 10,484 887 9,900 885 10,098 1,013 9,624 1,033 9,585 944 9,614 1,097 9,180 959 7,351 809 Dangerous Driving( 2 ) 5,723 127 5,515 137 6,173 185 5,354 151 6,464 175 6,512 189 6,547 216 4,803 163 Fail or refuse to provide breath sample 11,817 364 11,800 447 12,159 528 11,528 590 11,811 609 11,275 641 11,832 722 10,749 652 Driving.hile impaired 126,072 4,784 125,665 5,333 129,770 6,367 130,693 6,927 135,396 7,444 137,126 8,450 140,240 9,254 123,235 8,788 Driving while disqualified - Licence suspended( 3 ) 20,981 309 23,617 438 24,653 497 23,251 525 27,357 723 26,079 768 5,210 559 300 5, SUB-T0 TAL 176,052 6,493 177,477 7,274 183,882 8,647 181,379 9,251 191,903 9,944 191,924 11,192 174,444 11,770 147,621 10,470 PROVINCIAL STATUTE Fail to Stop or Remain( 1 ) 9,303 938 9,723 1,056 11,504 1,328 11,878 1,450 13,669 1,653 13,761 1,909, 25,528 1,920 14,234 2,219 Dangerous driving or without due care( 2 ) 47,456 4,653 48,828 4,933 36,188 3,861 35,115 3,864 46,940 5,592 45,857 5,852 46,784 6,213 40,428 5,645 Driving while disqualified - Licence suspended( 4 ) 2,285 43 3,020 62 4,228 95 2,667 73 2,620 69 2,780 84 16,535 492 22,283 912 TOTAL 235,096 12,127 239,048 13,325 235,802 13,931 231,039 14,638 255,132 17,258 254,322 19,037 263,291 20,395 224,566 19,246 PERCENT OF IOTAL 95.1 4.9 94.7 5.3 94.4 5.6 94.0 6.0 93.7 6.3 93.0 7.0 92.8 7.2 92.1 7.9 (1) When "Fail to Stop or Remain" is charged under the Criminal Code intent must be proved. (2) Dangerous Driving is charged under the Criminal Code for more serious infractions. Dangerous driving or driving without due care under Provincial Statutes is charged for less serious infractions. (3) The large decrease recorded in this offence between 1980 and 1981 tas the result of a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on February 3, 1981 that declared this offence (Section 288(3) of the Criminal Code) unconstitutional. (4) The large increase reported in this offence between 1980 and 1981 was the result of the Supreme Court of Canada declaring Section 238 (3) of tl Criminal Code unconstitutional. Updated November, 1986 SOURCE: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-205

SECTICN VI Pal 35 MULE OFFEKERS RAIES FIR FEFSENS CIPRED WITH SF1 nried IRKFIC EFTEICES, 1975-1982 Rates per 100,000 Male and Female Population 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F CRIMINAL CODE Criminal Niagligence - casi ng déath 2.0 0.1 1.7 0.1 1.9 0.2 1.6-2.3 0.1 2.5 0.1 2.4 0.1 1.5 0.1 Crmminal Negligence - casing bodily harm 1.0-1.0-1.2-1.0-1.2-1.4-1.4 0.1 1.4 0.1 Criminal Negligence - operating a motor vehicle 5.7 0.1 5.9 0.2 5.8 0.2 5.3 0.2 7.4 0.3 7.2 0.2 8.1 0.3 6.8 0.3 Fail to Sbpp or Ramain( 1 ) 92.7 7.8 86.5 7.7 87.1 8.7 82.3 8.7 81.2 7.9 80.5 9.1 76.1 7.8 60.2 6.5 Dengerous Deiving( 2) 50.6 1.1 48.2 1.2 53.3 1.6 45.8 1.3 54.8 1.5 54.6 1.6 54.3 1.8 39.4 1.3 Fail or refuse to provide breath sample 104.4 3.2 103.1 3.9 104.9 4.5 98.6 5.0 100.1 5.1 94.5 5.3 98.0 5.9 88.1 5.2 Driving While impaired 1114.3 42.0 1097.6 46.2 1119.8 54.4 1117.3 58.5 1147.1 62.2 1148.8 69.7 1162.1 75.4 1009.7 70.7 Driving While dristalified - Licence suspended( 3 ) 185.4 2.7 206.3 3.8 212.7 4.2 198.8 4.4 231.8 6.0 218.5 6.3 43.2 4.6 2.5-9.13-10TAL 155661 57.0 1550.1 63.0 158667 73.9 1550.6 78.2 1625.8 83.1 1607.8 92.3 1445.6 95.9 12109.5 84.2 PROVINCIAL STATUTE Fail to Stop or Ranain( 1 ) 83.2 8.2 84.9 9.1 99.3 11.3 101.5 12.3 115.8 13.8 115.3 15.7 211.5 15.6 116.6 17.9 Dangerous driving or without de care( 2) 419.5 40.9 426.5 42.7 312.3 33.0 300.2 32.6 397.7 46.7 384.2 48.3 387.7 50.6 331.2 45.4 Driving While disomalified - Licence suspend(4) 20.2 0.4 26.4 0.5 36.5 0.8 22.8 0.6 22.2 0.6 23.3 0.7 137.0 4.0 182.6 7.3 TOTAL 2078.0 106.5 2087.8 115.4 2034-7 119.0 1975.1 123.7 2161.4 144.2 2130.6 157.1 2181.8 166.2 1839.9 154.9 (1) *en "Fail to Stop or Remain" is Charged under the Criminal Code, intent ust be proved. (2) Dangerous Driving is charged under the Criminal Cork for more serious infractions. Dangerous driving serious infractions. (3) The large decrease recorded in Uhis offence between 1980 and 1981 was the result of a decision by the Section 238(3) of the Criminal Code) unconstitutional. (4) The large increase reported in this offence between 1980 and 1981 was the result of the Supreme Court Updated Nbvember, 1986 Sdurce: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcanent Statistics, Annual Cataloge 1/85-205 or driving without dœ care under Provincial Statutes is chargad for less Siprerre Court of Canada on February 3, 1981 that daclared the office of Canada daclaring Section 238(3) of tte Criniinal CocÉ Lnconstituticnal.

SECTION VI TABLE 36 PERSONS CHARGED WITH PROSTITUTION-RELATED OFFENCES, 1975-1984 FEMALE OFFENDERS 1975-1984 OFFENCE 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 PERCENT CHANGE CATEGORIES M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F Bawdy House( 1 ) 378 620 544 543 526 639 265 478 209 428 247 421 681 471 125 266 200 470 356 507-11.1-18.2 Procuring( 2 ) 62 33 54 17 52 15 56 21 57 20 60 18 32 3 76 34 72 31 88 22 +41.9-33.3 Soliciting 256 1,719 303 1,478 380 1,273 644 368 125 473 262 521 270 377 56 127 59 70 37 18-85.5-99.0 TOTALS 696 2,372 901 2,038 958 1,927 965 867 391 921 569 960 983 851 257 427 331 571 461 547-33.8-76.9 (1) Includes keeping, beirg an inmate of, found in, allowing a place to be used for a common bawdy house. (2) Includes obtaining women for the purpose of prostitution, living off the avails of prostitution. Source: Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-209 Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics, Annual Catalogue #85-209 Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 37 'RELATIONSHIP TO VICTIM OF HO4ICIOE( 1 ) SUSPECTS BY SEX, 1975-1983 FEMALE OFFENCERS RELATIONSHIP 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1 9 7 5-1 9 8 3 TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M 5 F 5 Domestic( 2 ) 155 54 160 55 141 56 150 58 160 45 128 32 128 49 158 45 149 50 1,309 28.2 442 63.4 Non-Domestic (Other)( 3 ) 270 22 261 21 307 16 358 14 257 20 240 21 244 30 286 25 261 21 2,464 55.1 190 27.5 Non-Domestic (Criminal)( 4 ) 81 3 86 4 100 5 90 15 97 6 82 5 125 10 113 6 97 11 871 18.8 65 9.3 Total 506 79 507 78 548 77 578 87 514 71 450. 58 497 89 537 76 507 82 4,644 100.0 697 100.0 (1) Includes murder, manslaughter and infanticide. (2) Includes immediate family, extended family, step relative, in-law relations, foster relations, and common law relations. (3) Includes social and business relationships, close friends, casual acquaintances and those which police are not able to estàblish a relationship (i.e. stranger). (4) Includes homicide committed during the commission of a criminal act where a relationship other than a domestic one existed. Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Law Enforcement Program (Homicide Project), 1985, unpublished data. Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 38 FEMALE OFFENDERS METHOD OF COMMITTING BO4ICI0E( 1 ) OFFENCES BY SEX, 1975-1983 1975 1976 1971 1978 1979 1980 1901 1982 1903 1 9 7 5-1 9 8 3 TOTALS METHOD M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % r Shooting 215 17 185 20 208 14 225 17 163 15 159 10 145 15 174 17 145 11 1,617 34.8 156 19.5 Beating 146 20 137 20 135 13 157 11 146 10 117 14 139 14 140 17 156 18 1,273 27.4 157 19.7 Stabbing 83 31 102 28 123 27 110 36 118 27 118 20 140 35 150 26 119 37 1,065 22.9 267 38.3 Strangling 23 4 40-39 6 50 10 32 2 21 3 41 10 36 3 58 4 320 6.9 42 6.0 Suffocation 8-9 2 9 6 8 5 7 6 10 2 7 1 17 5 15 6 90 1.9 35 4.7 Drowning 9-6 2 10 2 7 1 7 6 3 3 4 3 3 1-4 49 1.1 22 3.2 Arson 5 2 2-8 1 1-6 1 5-3 - 1-6 1 37 0.8 5 0.7 Other/Not stated 19 5 26 6 16 8 20 7 35 4 17 6 18 11 16 7 28 1 195 4.2 55 7.9 Totals 506 79 507 78 548 77 578 87 514 71 450 58 497 89 557 76 507 82 4,644 100.0 697 100.0 1 ) Includes murder, manslaughter, and infanticide. Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Law Enforcement Program (Homicide Project), 1985, unpublished data. Updated December, 1986

e FEMALE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 39 W(JMEN ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE BY REGION OF ADMITTING INSTITUTION( 1 ), 1980-1984 REGION 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1980-1984. TOTALS Pacific 21 23 17 15 17 93 16.5 Prairie 27 18 30 32 25 132 23.4 Ontario 27 19 36 39 44 165 29.2 Quebec 30 24 25 33 18 130 23.0 Atlantic 8 8 11 8 10 45 8.0 TOTAL 113 92 119 127 114 565 100.0 ( 1) Includes admissions to federal institutions, transfers to provincial institutions and re-admissions for mandatory supervision and parole revocation. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

e SECTION VI TABLE 40 ETCHNICITY OF WOMEN SERVING FEDERAL SENTENCES IN THE PRISON FOR WOMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS, 1980-1984 FEMALE OFFENDERS Year Ethnicity Other/ Caucasian Native Not Stated Total 1980 Number 152 31 23 206 Prison for Women 0. A 56.6 67.7 73.9 60.2 Provincial Institutions % 43.4 32.3 26.1 39.8 1981 Number 144 31 13 188 Prison for Women 0. A 53.5 61.3 69.2 55.9 Provincial Institutions % 46.5 38.7 30.8 44.1 1982 Number 159 27 10 196 Prison for Women 0.,0 54.7 63.0 50.0 55.6 Provincial Institutions % 45.3 37.0 50.0 44.4 1983 Number 162 40 11 213 Prison for Women % 61.7 60.0 45.5 60.6 Provincial Institutions % 38.3 40.0 54.5 39.4 1984 Number 172 40 14 226 Prison for Women 0. A 61.0 70.0 71.4 63.3 Provincial Institutions % 39.0 30.0 28.6 36.7 Total number on register June 30 each year. Source: Solicitor General, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 41 RACE AND LANGUAGE OF WOMEN SERVING FEDERAL SENTENCES IN THE PRISON FOR WOMEN, AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS, 1980-1984 FEMALE OFFENDERS 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 RACE TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS Caucasian 152 86 66 144 77 67 159 87 72 162 100 62 172 105 67 Native 51 21 10 31 19 12 27 17 10 40 24 16 40 28 12 Other/Not Stated 23 17 6 13 9 4 10 5 5 11 5 6 14 10 4 206 124 82 188 105 85 196 109 87 215 129 84 226 143 85 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 LANGUAGE TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSFIEUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSIIIUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS English 154 115 41 141 96 45 139 97 42 159 116 43 163 127 36 French 14-14 15 2 13 20 4 16 22 4 18 29 3 26 Both 35 11 24 30 7 23 52 8 24 29 9 20 30 10 20 Other/Not Stated 3-3 2-2 5-5 3-3 4 3 1 206 124 82 188 105 83 196 109 87 213 129 84 226 143 85 Total number on register June 30 each year. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System.

SECIION VI TABLE 42 F134N_E OF FE1LE RS ADMISSIONS 10 THE PRISON FOR OMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSIIHITIONS - MAJOR OFFENCE, 1980-1983 1980 1981 1982 1985 TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS Murder - First Degree Second Degree Manslaughter Attempt Murder/ Wounding/Assault Robbery Break & Enter fheft Fraud/Forgery Narcotic Control Act Other Criminal Code & Federal Statute 1-1 - - - 1 1-4 3 1 2 2-5 4 1 4 3 1 5 4 1 16 7 9 8 6 2 19 15 6 19 5 14 a 5 3 a 6 2 5 1 4 9 5 4 13 5 8 11 4 7 18 11 7 18 12 6 5 2 3 4 2 2 7 6 1 3 1 2 4 2 2 2-2 2-2 3 1 2 9 4 5 10 5 5 7 3 4 7 7-23 9 14 14-14 22 3 19 24 10 14 25 9 14 22 12 10 25 20 5 19 10 9 104 45 59 84 39 45 110 61 49 111 58 53 Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System.

SECTION VI TABLE 43 FEMALE OFFENUERS MAJOR OFFENCE OF WOMEN ON REGISTER UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE IN THE PRISON FOR WOMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSIIIUTIONS, 1980-1984 1980 1981 1982 1985 1984 OFFENCE CATEGORY TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL COUNT WOMEN INSTIEUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTIEUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS Murder 24 20 4 25 21 4 51 23 8 39 29 10 41 31 10 Manslaughter 26 14 12 31 17 14 23 13 10 31 16 15 35 19 16 Attempt Murder/ Wounding/Assault 9 5 4 10 5 5 16 11 5 12 5 7 14 8 6 Robbery 28 14 14 24 11 13 37 20 17 32 20 12 39 25 14 Break & Enter 10 7 3 8 6 2 7 2 5 12 7 5 10 7 3 Theft 3 2 1 2-2 1-1 5 2 3 6 4 2 Fraud/Forgery 12 e 4 18 10 8 11 7 4 11 8 3 15 13 2 Narcotic Control Act/ Food and Drug Act 64 33 31 41 20 21 31 10 21 37 13 24 35 17 16 Other Criminal Code and Federal Statutes( 1 ) 30 21 9 29 15 14 39 23 16 34 29 5 33 19 14 206 124 82 188 105 83 196 109 87 213 129 84 226 143 83 Total number on register June 30 each year. (1) Includes kidnapping and abduction, criminal negligence, offensive weapons, prossession of stolen goods, rape and other sexual offences, prison breach, dangerous offender, habitual criminal, dangerous sexual offender, other Criminal Code offences, other federal statute offences. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 44 FEMALE OFFENDERS ADMISSIONS TO THE PRISON FOR WOMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS - LENGTH OF MAJOR OFFENCE, 1980-1983 1980 1981 1982 19 El 3 LENGTH TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTIIUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSfITUTIONS ADMISSIONS WOMEN INSTITUTIONS Less than 2 years 16 11 5 27 14 13 36 25 11 25 17 8 2 to less than 3 years 35 11 24 18 6 12 27 15 12 20 10 10 3 to less than 5 years 32 12 20 21 7 14. 24 e 16 33 12 21 5 to less than 10 years 16 8 e 10 6 4 13 6 7 22 11 11 10 to less than 20 years - - - 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 - Life( 1 ) 5 3 2 6 5 1 7 6 1 10 7 3 104 45 59 84 39 45 110 61 49 111 58 53 (1) Includes sentences of 20 years or more, preventive detention and indefinite sentences. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System.

SECTION VI TABLE 45 FEMALE OFFENDERS LENGTH OF AGGREGATE SENTENCE OF WOMEN ON REGISER MEER FEDERAL SENTENCE IN THE PRISON FOR WOMEN AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS, 1980-1984 1980 1981 1982 1985 1984 LENGTH TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL TOTAL PRISON FOR PROVINCIAL COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT WOMEN INSTITUTIONS COUNT OMEN INsruurioNs Less than 2 years 12 6 6 14 7 7 7 3 4 11 8 3 19 13 6 2 to less than 3 years 39 24 15 32 15 17 44 19 25 45 27 18 38 25 15 3 to less than 5 years 54 30 24 48 26 22 55 30 25 48 27 21 68 38 30 5 to less than 10 years 62 37 25 57 30 27 45 25 20 50 25 25 48 27 21 10 to less than 20 years 8 2 6 7 3 4 10 6 4 18 11 7 10 7 3 20 years to life or indefinite 31 25 6 30 24 6 35 26 9 41 31 10 43 33 10 206 124 82 188 105 83 196 109 87 213 129 84 226 143 83 Total number on register June 30 each year. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

FEMALE SECTION VI TABLE 46 POPULATION ON REGISTER UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ), 1975-1985 OFFENDERS PERCENT YEAR TOTAL MALE FEMALE FEMALE 1975 8,659 8,486 173 2.0 1976 9,284 9,084 200 2.2 1977 9,573 9,374 199 2.1 1978 9,708 9,509 199 2.0 1979 9,473 9,242 231 2.4 1980 9,727 9,514 213 2.2 1981 9,798 9,604 194 2.0 1982 10,630 10,423 207 1.9 1983 11,505 11,283 222 1.9 1984 11,941 11,703 238 2.0 1985 12,369 12,134 235 1.9 RATE OF INCREASE +43.0 +35.8 (1) On register as of June 30 each year. Includes persons on day parole and federal inmates in provincial institutions in accordance with exchange of service agreements. Excludes persons in temporary detention due to parole or mandatory supervision suspension, and persons on mandatory supervision or full parole. Administrative policy was changed in 1984 wherein the criminal record of all persons granted a pardon were retroactively deleted from institutional records and the 0.I.S. data base pursuant to the Criminal Records Act Sec. 6(2). Discrepancies in population figures from previous years may be attributed to this policy change. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 47 MALES AND FEMALES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ), 1975-1984 FEMALE OFFENDERS PERCENT YEAR TOTAL MALE FEMALE FEMALE 1975 3,923 3,834 89 2.3 1976 3,941 3,820 121 3.1 1977 3,974 3,873 101 2.5 1978 4,175 4,055 120 2.9 1979 3,966 3,846 120 3.0 1980 3,981 3,884 97 2.4 1981 4,317 4,237 80 1.9 1982 4,556 4,455 101 2.2 1983 5,158 5,041 117 2.3 1984 5,362 5,263 99 1.8 TOTAL 43,353 42,308 1,045 2.4 PERCENT INCREASE 1975-1984 +37.3 +11.2 ( 1 ) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 48 RATES OF INCARCERATION UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE BY SEX, 1975-1984 FEMALE OFFENDERS Rates per 100,000 Male and Female Population YEAR MALE FEMALE 1975 37.4 0.9 1976 38.5 1.2 1977 39.0 1.0 1978 40.1 1.1 1979 38.8 1.1 1980 39.0 0.9 1981 42.7 0.7 1982 45.3 1.0 1983 46.9 1.0 1984 47.0 0.9 Sources: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Statistics Canada, 1981 Census of Canada, Catalogue 92-901, and Statistics Canada, Demography Division, unpublished updates. Updated December, 1986

to SECTION VI TABLE 49 FEMPLE OFFENDERS. AGE OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, 1975-1984 AGE 1 9 7 5 1 9 7 6 1 9 7 7 1 9 7 8 1 9 7 9 1 9 8 0 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 2 1 9 8 3 1 9 8 4 1 9 7 5-1 9 8 4 TOTALS M F 1.1 F M F M F M F M F M F M F hi F M F M % F % 17 years and under 133 1 96 1 106-101 1 85-85 2 114 1 95 3 79 2 93-985 2.0 11 0.9 18-24 1,952 43 1,922 55 2,032 43 2,051 50 1,939 50 1,957 50 2,154 27 2,275 41 2,375 44 2,238 44 20,895 42.3 447 38.1 25-29 926 27 1,061 42 1,000 25 1,018 37 1,056 38 1,091 24 1,257 22 1,301 35 1,353 35 1,409 25 11,472 23.2 308 26.2 30-39 795 16 891 32 942 34 1,010 33 1,024 28 1,040 25 1,092 23 1,301 26 1,345 27 1,459 35 10,899 22.1 279 23.8 40-49 310 6 306 6 317 8 361 6 346 10 331 7 375 13 399 10 456 12 446 7 3,647 7.4 85 7.2 50-59 90 4 103 2 99 3 111 4 116 1 109 3 123 3 127 4 141 6 152 1 1,171 2.4 31 2.6 60 and over 21-24 1 22-35 1 17 1 34 2 38 3 27-30 3 46 2 294 0.6 13 1.1 TOTAL 4,227 97 4,403 139 4,518 113 4,687 132 4,581 128 4,647 113 5,153 92 5,525 119 5,779 127 5,843 114 49,363 100.0 1,174 100.0 ( 1 ) Includes admissions to federal institutions, transfers to provincial institutions and re-admissions for mandatory supervision and parole revocation. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI FABLE 50 FEMALE OFFEWERS MARITAL STATUS OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, 1975-1984 MARITAL STATUS 1 9 7 5 1 9 7 6 1 9 7 7 1 9 7 8 1 9 7 9 1 9 8 0 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 2 1 9 8 5 1 9 8 4 1 9 7 5-1 9 8 4 TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Single 2,215 45 2,256 45 2,377 44 2,412 69 2,387 63 2,448 61 2,840 34 2,997 70 3,077 65 3,230 53 26,237 53.2 549 46.8 Married/Ccmmon Law 1,557 30 1,681 58 1,654 36 1,775 35 1,656 37 1,695 27 1,788 30 1,937 30 2,095 35 2,009 40 17,847 36.2 356 30.3 Widowed 54 6 30 3 39 4 42 8 27 4 45 5 37 4 50 1 45 7 51 2 420 0.9 44 3.7 Separated/Divorced 299 15 427 30 441 26 450 21 507 24 443 19 467 22 510 18 344 20 528 18 4,716 9.5 213 18.1 Unknown/Not stated 4 1 9 3 7 3 13 1 4-16 1 21 2 31-18 - 25 1 143 0.3 12 1.0 TOTAL 4,227 97 4,403 139 4,518 113 4,687 132 4,581 128 4,647 113 5,153 92 5,525 119 5,779 127 5,843 114 49,363 100.0 1,174 100.0 ( 1 ) Includes admissions to federal institutions, transfers to provincial institutions and re-admissions for mandatory supervision and parole revocation. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 51 MAJOR OFFENCE OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 )8Y SEX, 1975-1984 FEMALE OFFENDERS OFFENCE CATEGORIES 1 9 7 5 1,9 7 6 1 9 7 7 1 9 7 8 1 9 7 9 1 9 8 0 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 2 1 9 8 5 1 9 8 4 1 9 7 5-1 9 8 4 TOTALS M F 11 F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Murder/Man81aughter 232 10 234 8 271 16 279 15 248 13 248 17 260 15 294 23 326 24 309 17 2,701 6.4 156 14.9 Attempt Murder/ Wounding/Assau1t 171 6 203 7 201 2 186 9 206 4 189 7 198 9 247 4 294 11 312 6 2,207 5.2 65 6.2 Rape/Other Sexual Offences 231-242 2 226-272 - 277-309 - 301 1 381 1 400 1 416 1 3,055 7.2 6 0.6 Robbery 980 11 958 15 1,000 12 1,102 22 941 19 994 10 1,110 12 1,139 16 1,187 22 1,221 18 10,632 25.1 157 15.0 Break and Enter/ Theft/Fraud 1,328 14 1,215 27 1,208 23 1,199 19 1,158 17 1,138 17 1,289 14 1,317 16 1,585 14 1,751 20 13,168 31.1 181 17.3 Narcotic Control Act/ Food and Drug Act 335 33 458 43 438 33 465 41 436 45 335 25 371 12 316 23 360 25 371 18 3,885 9.2 296 28.3 Other Criminal Code and Federal Statutes( 2 ) 557 15 510 19 529 15 552 14 580 22 671 23 708 19 761 18 889 20 903 19 6,660 15.7 184 17.6 TOTAL 3,834 89 3,820 121 3,873 101 4,055 120 3,846 120 3,884 97 4,237 80 4,455 101 5,041 117 5,263 99 42,308 100.0 1,045 100.0 (1) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. (2) Includes infanticide, kidnapping and abduction, criminal negligence, offensive weapons, possession of stolen goods, prison breach, dangerous offenders, habitual criminals, other Criminal Code, and other federal statute offences. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services of Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 52 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF ADMISSIONS FOR VIOLENT, PROPERTY AND NARCOTICS OFFENCES( 1 ), BY SEX FEMALE OFFENDERS YEAR MALES FEMALES VIOLENT( 2 ) PROPERFY( 3 ) NARCOTICS OTHER( 4 ) VIOLENT( 2 ) PROPERTY( 3 ) NARCOTICS OTHER( 4 ) 1975 42.1 34.6 8.7 14.5 30.3 15.7 37.1 16.9 1976 42.9 31.8 12.0 13.4 26.4 22.3 35.5 15.7 1977 43.8 31.2 11.3 13.7 29.7 22.8 32.7 14.9 1978 45.4 29.6 11.5 13.6 38.3 15.8 34.2 11.7 1979 43.5 30.1 11.3 15.1 30.0 14.2 37.5 18.3 1980 44.8 29.3 8.6 17.3 35.1 17.5 23.7 23.7 1981 44.1 30.4 8.8 16.7 43.8 17.5 15.0 23.8 1982 46.3 29.6 7.1 17.1 43.6 15.8 22.8 17.8 1983 43.8 31.4 7.1 17.6 49.6 12.0 21.4 17.1 1984 42.9 32.9 7.0 17.2 42.4 20.2 18.2 19.2 (1) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. (2) Violent offences include murder, manslaughter, attempted murder, wounding, rape, other sexual offences, assault and robbery. (3) Property offences include break and enter, theft over $200, theft under $200, motor vehicle theft and fraud. (4) "Other" includes infanticide, kidnapping and abduction, criminal negligence, offensive weapons, possession of stolen goods, prison breach, dangerous offenders, habitual criminals, other criminal code, and other federal statute offences. Updated November, 1986 Source: Ministry of the Solicitor General, Correctional Service of Canada, Offender Information Systems.

SECTION VI TABLE 53 FEM&E OFFENDERS LENGTH OF AGGREGATE SENTENCE OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ) BY SEX, 1975-1984 LENGTH OF 1 9 7 5 1 9 7 6 1 9 7 7 1 9 7 8 1 9 7 9 1 9 8 0 1 9 8 1 1 9 8 2 1 9 8 3 1 9 8 4 1 9 7 5-1 9 8 4 TOTALS AGGREGATE SENTENCE M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Less than 2 years( 2 ) 472 5 495 16 484 12 433 4 510 12 577 8 505 8 460 12 749 7 710 15 5,393 12.7 97 9.3 2 to less than 3 years 1,315 30 1,212 40 1,267 22 1,335 38 1,259 28 1,238 32 1,374 20 1,471 35 1,541 34 1,725 21 13,755 32.5 300 28.7 3 to less than 5 years 1,097 26 1,129 44 1,159 46 1,271 49 1,158 36 1,149 34 1,303 28 1,391 24 1,539 37 1,611 35 12,807 30.3 357 34.2 5 to less than 10 years 620 19 622 16 622 12 635 17 592 31 631 18 686 14 715 19 783 25 832 17 6,738 15.9 188 18.0 10 to less than. 20 years 172 4 174 2 145 2 166 4 155 3 127 0 198 4 187 4 186 3 177 1 1,667 3.9 27 2.6 20 years to life or indefinite 158 5 188 3 196 7 215 8 192 10 162 5 173 6 251 7 243 11 210 14 1,968 4.7 76 7.3 TOTAL 5,834 89 3,820 121 3,873 101 4,055 120 3,846 120 3,884 97 4,237 80 4,455 101 5,041 117 5,263 99 42,308 100.0 1,045 100.0 (1) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes ehissions to federal institutions and transfers to prcnincial institutions. (2)Federal sentences of less than 2 years reflect a sentence administration practice wherein a sentence is recalculated due to day parole revocation or beirg unlawfully at large. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System Updated December, 1986

SECTION VI TABLE 54 FINPLE OFFENOEFIS PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF AGGREGATE SENTENCE LENGTH OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ) BY MAJOR OFF(NCE AND SEX, 1975-1984 COMBINED Total Admissions Less than 2 Years 2 to Less Than 3 to Less Than 5 to Less Than 10 to Less Than 20 Years to Life( 3 ) 1975-1984 1975-1984 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years 20 Years Totals OFFENCE CATEGORIES M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F Murder/Manslaughter 2,701 156 0.6 1.9 3.7 7.1 15.1 29.5 22.3 26.3 10.5 3.8 47.8 31.4 100.0 100.0 Attempt Murder/Wounding/ Assault 2,207 65 15.9 20.0 30.9 30.8 26.4 30.8 17.5 16.9 6.5 0.0 2.9 1.5 100.0 100.0 Rape/Other Sexual Offences 3,055 6 3.0 0.0 21.4 0.0 40.6 0 3.3 25.7 16.7 6.6 0.0 2.6 0.0 100.0 100.0 Robbery 10,632 157 4.6 4.5 26.0 45.2 39.1 39.5 24.1 9.6 5.6 1.3 0.6 0.0 100.0 100.0 Break and Enter/Theft/ Fraud 13,168 181 20.8 25.4 47.9 45.9 25.6 26.0 5.3 2.8 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 100.0 100.0 Narcotic Control Act/Food and Drug Act 3,885 296 5.7 2.0 28.7 19.3 36.4 45.3 23.2 29.7 5.0 3.4 1.0 0.3 100.0 100.0 Other Criminal Code and Federal Statute Offences( 2 ) 6,660 184 22.4 12.0 31.8 31.5 24.6 23.4 12.0 14.7 3.0 4.9 6.2 13.6 100.0 100.0 TOTAL 42,308 1,045 12.7 9.3 32.5 28.7 30.3 34.2 15.9 18.0 3.9 2.6 4.7 7.3 1) Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. 2) Includes infanticide, kidnapping and abduction, criminal negligence, offensive weapons, possession of stolen goods, prison breach, dangerous offenders, habitual criminals, other Criminal Code and federal statute offences. ( 3 ) Includes life, death commuted and preventive detention. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services of Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

FEMALE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 55 NUMBER OF PREVIOUS FEDERAL COMMITTALS OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FE1ERNL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, 1975-1984 PREVIOUS COMMITTALS 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1 9 7 5-1 9 8 4 TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % No Previous 2,509 77 2,461 96 2,589 83 2,710 102 2,416 105 2,418 75 2,797 61 2,992 85 3,152 101 3,191 74 27,235 55.2 859 73.2 1 Previous 998 13 1,009 28 936 17 968 19 1,080 18 1,076 26 1,145 21 1,181 20 1,253 17 1,220 21 10,866 22.0 200 17.0 2 Previous 522 5 585 10 516 5 514 8 549 3 568 6 559 7 669 9 635 7 670 14 5,787 11.7 74 6.3 3 Previous 155 1 241 2 296 2 261 2 293-295 4 324 2 322 4 332 2 339 5 2,858 5.8 24 2.0 4 Previous 34 1 80 2 118 1 155 1 143 1 159-153 1 174-193 - 198-1,387 2.8 7 0.6 5-10 Previous 9-27 1 63 5 99-100 1 130 2 173-185 1 209-217 - 1,212 2.5 10 0.9 More than 10 Previous - - - - - - - - - - 1-2 - 2-5 8-18.04-0.0 TOTAL 4,227 97 4,403 139 4,518 113 4,687 132 4,581 128 4,647 113 5,153 92 5,525 119 5,779 127 5,843 114 49,365 100.0 1,174 100.0 ( 1 ) Includes admissions to federal institutions, transfers to provincial institutions and re-admissions for mandatory supervision and parole revocation Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

FEMNLE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 56 NUMBER OF CHARGES FOR FEDERAL 'MMES ON ADNISSI0N(1 ), 1975-1979( 2 ) CHARGES 1975-1979 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M % F % 0 Charges( 3 ) 350 7 494 13 501 9 515 12 558 7 2,416 10.8 40 7.9 1 Charge 1,214 46 1,279 49 1,383 51 1,379 51 1,339 52 6,594 29.4 249 41.2 2 Changes 739 13 723 20 726 14 769 21 769 23 3,726 16.6 91 15.1 3 Charges 463 9 486 10 447 8 513 10 514 8 2,423 10.8 45 7.5 4 Charges 294 4 319 8 302 4 354 10 338 15 1,607 7.2 39 6.5 5 Charges 235 3 227 5 227-247 5 223 5 1,159 5.2 18 3.0 6 Charges 160 2 162 3 167 4 155 2 152 3 796 3.6 14 2.3 7 Charges 134 1 117 2 146 3 129 2 108 3 634 2.8 11 1.8 8 Charges 101-79 4 97 1 104 1 101 6 482 2.1 12 2.0 9 Charges 77-75 4 79 3 57 2 71 2 359 1.6 11 1.8 10 Charges 454 11 443 19 442 15 475 15 410 6 2,224 9.9 66 10.9 TOTAL 4,221 96 4,404 137 4,517 112 4,695 131 4,583 128 22,420 100.0 604 100.0 (1) Includes admissions Io federal and provincial institutions. Also includes persons reporting on parole to federal institutions. (2) Number of charges within the sentence were not recorded after 1979. (3) Revocations for other than criminal code offences. Source: (1) Statistics Canada, Correctional Institution Statistics, Annual Catalogue ff85-207.

FEMALE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 57 TYPE OF RELEASE OF 'MUTES RELEASED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, 1975-1984 TYPE OF RELEASE 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1 9 7 5-1 9 8 4 TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Expiration of Sentence 211-102 2 117 4 157 3 216 3 325 5 350 9 385 3 384 8 413 9 2,658 5.8 46 4.1 Parole 1,216 55 1,025 35 1,407 76 1,509 60 1,660 67 1,359 61 1,533 52 1,631 52 1,800 54 1,621 55 14,759 32.2 567 50.0 Court Order 51 3 35 3 26 1 26-22 1 23 3 19 1 49 3 47 3 39 2 337 0.7 20 1.8 Death 35 1 38-36 - 37 2 34 1 37 3 37-40 1 49 2 56 1 397 0.9 11 1.0 Transfer to Provincial Institution 81 1 88 1 124 7 75 2 98 4 107 5 68 2 73 3 88 8 64 1 866 1.9 34 3.0 Mandatory Supervision 2,395 34 2,506 48 2,762 61 2,879 44 2,529 38 2,621 55 2,625 36 2,475 34 2,814 44 2,927 53 26,535 57.9 447 39.5 Other( 2 ) 1-4 1 11-54 1 41 1 23-17 2 27-23 3 37-258 0.5 8 0.7 TOTAL 3,988 94 3,796 90 4,483 149 4,737 112 4,600 115 4,495 132 4,649 102 4,678 96 5,205 122 5,157 121 45,788 100.0 1,133 100.0 1) Includes releases from federal and provincial institutions. 2) Includes executive clemency, warrant expiry - inmate refused mandatory supervision, sentence reduced, transfer to other country, Lieutenant Governor's release. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

FEMALE OFFENDERS SECTION VI TABLE 58 PROPORTION OF SENTENCE SERVED BEFORE RELEASE ON FULL PAROLE( 1 ) BY FEMALE FEDERAL INMATES, 1975-1981 PROPORTION OF SENTENCE SERVED 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981( 2 ) TOTAL NO. PERCENT 33 percent 14 22 33 28 34 27 16 174 48.8 34-44 percent 23 6 25 19 18 13 8 112 31.4 45-55 percent 9 3 8 7 5 5 7 44 12.3 56-66 percent 1 1 2-1 5 4 14 3.9 67-77 percent 1 1 - - - - - 2 0.5 78 percent and over 3 1 4 2 - - - 10 2.8 TOTAL 51 34 72 56 58 50 35 356 I 100.0 (1) Excludes life and indefinite sentences as a percentage of time is not a relevant measure. (2) 1981 figures exclude parole for deportation and parole by exception. Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information

SECTION VI FABLE 59 TIME SERVED BY INMATES RELEASED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE BY SEX, 1975-1984 FEMPLE OFFEM)ERS TIME SERVED 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1 9 7 5-1 9 8 4 TOTALS M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M F M % F % Less than 6 months 450 7 530 12 655 19 563 9 675 8 799 19 763 14 756 11 838 18 812 18 6,841 14.9 135 11.9 6 to L.T. 12 months 503 10 556 21 692 27 729 18 616 24 653 22 613 19 698 16 662 27 658 15 6,380 13.9 199 17.6 12 to L.T. 18 months 878 16 827 18 901 37 1,061 36 1,057 40 997 31 989 24 1,026 31 1,194 25 1,064 24 9,974 21.8 280 24.7 18 to L.T. 24 months 533 25 475 11 607 18 664 12 715 15 639 16 655 12 590 9 729 10 788 25 6,395 14.0 151 13.3 2 to L.T. 3 years 924 22 696 18 833 29 891 22 780 19 705 25 877 23 856 16 991 18 979 22 8,512 18.6 214 18.9 3 to L.T. 4 years 340 6 356 5 316 13 354 5 332 4 298 12 352 6 346 10 348 12 363 11 3,385 7.4 84 7.4 4 to L.T. 5 years 176 4 156 5 222 5 186 3 161 1 161 4 125 2 152 2 153 8 176 5 1,666 3.6 39 3.4 5 to L.T. 10 years 166 4 178-222 1 252 6 234 4 200 3 219 1 208-225 5 241 2 2,145 4.7 26 2.3 10 years or more 18-42 - 35-37 1 50-43 - 58 1 66 1 65 1 76 1 490 1.1 5 0.4 TOTAL 3,988 94 3,796 90 4,485 149 4,737 112 4,600 115 4,495 132 4,649 102 4,678 96 5,205 122 5,157 121 45,788 100.0 1,133 100.0 ( 1 ) Includes releases from federal and provincial institutions Source: Solicitor General Canada, Correctional Services Canada, Offender Information System. Updated December, 1986

. c.r) co "-t5 ON co -

ABOUT THE CANADIAN URBAN VICTIMIZATION SURVEY Early in 1982 the Ministry of the Solicitor General, with the assistance of Statistics Canada, conducted a victimization survey in seven major urban centres: Greater Vancouver, Edmonton, Winnipeg, Toronto, Montreal, Halifax- Dartmouth and St. John's. A random sample of residents who were 16 years of age or older were asked about their perceptions of crime and the criminal justice system, their experience of certain crimes, and the impact which criminal victimization may have had upon them. Because of the relatively low incidence in any one year of some types of crimes included in the survey, very large samples are required to ensure that enough cases are "caught" to be statistically representative of all actual cases in the community under study. Sample sizes ranged from 6,910 in one city to 9,563 in another, with more than 61,000 telephone interviews completed by Statistics Canada interviewers overall. Telephone interviews were used because the cost of interviewing in person for such a large survey was prohibitive. Careful pretests in Edmonton, Hamilton and Greater Vancouver had proven that reliable data could be obtained through telephone interviews. To maximize reliability of recall, respondents were asked to report on only those incidents which had occurred between January 1 and December 31, 1981. On the basis of these interviews, statistical estimates were made for the general population 16 and over in the seven cities. These statistically derived estimates for the population are used throughout this report.

- 2- Victimization surveys can provide information about most, but not all types of crimes that are of major concern to the general public. Crimes such as murder or kidnapping cannot be uncovered using survey techniques, and were therefore excluded. "Victimless" crimes and crimes committed against commercial establishments were also excluded from this survey. The eight categories of crimes included in this survey are: sexual assault, robbery, break and enter, motor vehicle theft, theft of household property, theft of personal property and vandalism. Incidents involving the commission of several different criminal acts appear in the tables only once, according to the most serious component of the event. For example, if sexual assault, theft of money and vandalism all occurred at the same time, the incidents would be classified in these tables as sexual assault. An incident would be classified as vandalism (least serious on the hierarchy) only if no other more serious crime occurred at the same time. Full definitions of the eight offence categories can be found in Appendix 1.

SECTION Seven Cities VIIA TABLE 60 INCIDENT RATES C.U. V.S. Personal Offences Population aged 16 and older in seven cities = 4,975,900 Males = 2,357,000 Females = 2,618,900 Type of Incident Estimated Incidents Rates per 1000 Population 16 and older Total Males Females All personal incidents 702,200 141 154 129 All violent incidents 352,300 70 90 53 Sexual Assaults 17,200 3.5 0.8 5.8 Ill, Robbery 49,400 10 13 7 Assault 285,700 57 79 39 Personal Theft 349,900 70 66 74 Household Offences Total households in seven cities = 2,424,900 Type of Incident Estimated Incidents Rate per 1000 Households All household incidents 898,400 369 Break and Enter 227,400 94 Motor Vehicle Theft 40,600 17 Household Theft 417,300 172 Vandalism 213,100 (1) Personal incidents include sexual assault, robbery, assault and personal theft. (2) Violent incidents include sexual assault, robbery and assault. NOTE: Table 76 contains updated data. 88

C. U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 61 Seven Cities NUMBER OF INCIDENTS OF SELECTED TYPES AND PROPORTION NOT REPORTED TO POLICE Percent of Estimated Estimated Percent Percent fype of Incident Incidents Incidents Unreported Reported Sexual Assault 17,200 1 62 38 Robbery 49,300 3 55 45 Assault 285,700 18 66 34 Break & Enter 227,400 14 36 64 Motor Vehicle Theft 40,600 3 30 70 Household Theft 417,300 26 56 44 Personal Theft 349,900 22 71 29 Vandalism 213,100 13 65 35 TOTAL 1,600,500 100 58 42

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 62 INCIDENT RATE BY FAMILY INCOME RATES PER 1,000 POPULATION Annual Family Sexual Personal Income Assault Robbery Assault Theft Less than $9,000 7 13 61 61 $9,000-14,999 4 15 78 70 $15,000-19,999 4 14 60 72 $20,000-24,999 3* 9 57 77 $25,000-29,999 1** 7 52 66 $30,000-39,999 3* 6 62 80 $40,000 or more 2* - 12 69 94 * The actual count was low (11 to 20), therefore caution should be exercised when interpreting this rate. ** The actual count was very low (10 or fewer), therefore extreme caution should be exercised when interpreting this rate.

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 63 INCIDENT RATE BY FAMILY INCOME RATES PER 1,000 HOUSEHOLD Annual Family Break & Motor Vehicle Household Income Enter Theft Theft Vandalism Less than $9,000 83 8 99 41 $9,000-14,999 104 16 150 71 $15,000-19,999 103 19 176 90 $20,000-24,999 99 23 225 108 $25,000-29,999 99 23 208 123 $30,000-39,999 103 22 229 120 $40,000 or more 113 20 241 128

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 64 INCIDENT RATES BY AVERAGE NUMBER OF EVENING ACTIVITIES OUTSIDE THE HOME PER MONTH RATES PER 1,000 POPULATION Evening Sexual Personal Activities Assault Robbery Assault Theft 1-9 2 5 21 34 10-19 3 6 38 54 20-29 4 10 59 88 30 or more 5 20 119 118

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 65 PROPORTION OF UNREPORTED INCIDENTS BY TYPE OF CRIME IN SEVEN CITIES Halifax Seven. Vancouver Edmonton Winnipeg Toronto Montreal Dartmouth St. John's Cities Range Diff. ' Sexual Assault 68 (5)( 1 ) 85 (7) 67 (4) 60 (2) 50 (1) 71 (6) 60 (3) 62 (50-85) 35 Robbery 57 (6) 54 (1) 58 (7) 54 (2) 55 (3) 55 (4) 56 (5) 55 (54-58) 4 Assault 66 (4) 68 (6) 77 (7) 64 (2) 61 (1) 65 (3) 67 (5) 66 (61-77) 15 Break & Enter 39 (7) 38 (5) 38 (4) 35 (3) 34 (2) 39 (6) 32 (1) 36 (32-39) 7 Motor Vehicle Theft 29 (6) 23 (1) 27 (4) 28 (5) 33 (7) 26 (3) 26 (2) 30 (23-33) 10 Household Theft 61 (7) 54 (4) 53 (3) 54 (5) 54 (6) 52 (1) 52 (2) 56 (52-61) 9 Personal Theft 71 (4) 70 (3) 75 (7) 70 (2) 69 (1) 72 (5) 74 (6) 71 (69-75) 6 Vandalism 71 (6) 61 (2) 62 (3) 63 (4) 64 (5) 60 (1) 73 (7) 65 (60-73) 13 Total 62 (7) 58 (4) 60 (5) 58 (3) 55 (1) 58 (2) 61 (6) 58 (55-62) 7 (1) Numbers in brackets indicate the rank-ordering of cities within offence categories. A "1" indicates the city with the lowest percentage of unreported incidents, and a "7" the city with the highest percentage.

SECTION VIIA TABLE 66 REASONS GIVEN FOR FAILURE TO REPORT INCIDENTS TO THE POLICE BY OFFENCE CATEGORY Sexual Theft H.H. Per. Vanda- Assault Robbery Assault B&E M.V. Theft Theft lism Total Nothing Taken 33 47 28 42 51 8 6 28 179,000 19 Police Couldn't Do Anything 52 54 51 58 57 64 64 69 564,000 61 tuar Revenge 33 10 11 3 ** 1 2 2 40,000 4 Protebt Offender 16 Too Minor 26 Inconvenience ** Personal Matter 27 9 16 5 ** 3 5 3 60,000 6 56 63 65 56 71 62 73 606,000 66 33 24 20 19 26 24 25 224,000 24 22 29 8 ** 7 13 6 123,000 13 Reported to Another Official ** Negative Attitude of Police 43 ** 7 7 ** 14 12 7 ** 7 27 4 109,000 12 7 5 6 75,000 8 Overall % Unreported 62 55 66 36 30 56 71 65 Number Unreported 11,000 27,000 185,000 81,000 12,000 227,000 243,000 136,000 921,000 58 Columns do no add to 100% since respondents could indicate more than one reason for failure to report any one incident. Numbers may not add to totals given due to rounding. ** The actual count was very low (10 or fewer), therefore extreme caution should be exercised when interpreting this percentage.

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIA TABLE 67 REASONS GIVEN FOR FAILURE TO REPORT PERSONAL VIOLENT. INCIDENTS BY TYPE OF INCIDENT AND SEX OF VICTIMS Sexual Assault Robbery Assault Of Of Of /0 /0 /0 Fear of Revenge by Offender All 33 10 11 Males 19** 11 7 Females 35 10 21 Concern with Attitude of Police or courts to this type of incident All 43 14 12 Males 6** 12 11 Females 47 19 TOTAL Incidents 17,200 49,400 285,700 Incidents Not Reported 11,000 27,000 185,000 %Sot Reported 62 55 66 ** The actual count was very low (10 or fewer), therefore extreme caution should be exercised when interpreting this percentage.

SECTION VIIB TABLE 68 ESTIMATED INCIDENTS IN SEVEN CITIES C.U.V.S. TYPE OF ESTIMATED PER CENT CRIME INCIDENTS REPORTED Sexual Assault 17,200 38 Robbery 49,400 45 Assault 285,700 34 Break & Enter 227,400 64 Motor Vehicle Theft 40,600 70 Household Theft 417,300 44 Personal Theft 349,800 29 Vandalism 213,000 35 TOTAL 1,600,600 42

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 69 REASONS GIVEN BY VICTIMS FOR FAILURE TO REPORT INCIDENTS TO THE POLICE REASONS PER CENT OF ALL UNREPORTED INCIDENTS No Perceived Benefit Too Minor 66 Police Couldn't Do Anything 61 Nothing Taken/Items Recovered 19 Costs Outweigh benefits Protect Inconvenience 24 Fear of Revenge 4 Concern with Attitude of Police or Courts 8 Personal Reasons Offender Personal Matter 6 13 Reported to Another Official 12 Overall % Unreported 58 Percentages do not add to 100% since respondents could indicate more than one reason for failure to report any one incident.

SECTION VIIB TABLE 70 C.U.V.S. PER CENT OF INCIDENTS COMING TO ATTENTION OF THE POLICE, BY CITY Per cent Reported in Halifax Reported Seven Cities Vancouver Edmonton Winnipeg Toronto Montreal Dartmouth St. John's Range ' Sexual Assault 38 32 (5)* 15 (7) 33 (4) 40 (2) 50 (1) 29 (6) 40 (3) (15-50) Robbery 45 43 (6) 46 (1) 42 (7) 46 (2) 45 (3) 45 (4) 44 (5) (42-46) Assault 34 34 (4) 32 (6) 23 (7) 36 (2) 39 (1) 35 (3) 33 (5) (23-39) Break & Enter 64 61 (7) 62 (5) 62 (4) 65 (3) 66 (2) 61 (6) 68 (1) (61-68) Motor Vehicle Theft 70 71 (6) 77 (1) 73 (4) 72 (5) 67 (7) 74 (3) 74 (2) (67-77) Household Theft 44 39 (7) 46 (4) 47 (3) 46 (5) 46 (6) 48 (1) 48 (2) (39-48) Personal Theft 29 29 (4) 30 (3) 25 (7) 30 (2) 31 (1) 28 (5) 26 (6) (25-31) Vandalism 35 29 (6) 39 (2) 38 (3) 37 (4) 36 (5) 40 (1) 27 (7) (27-40) Overall Percentage Reported 42 38 (7) 42 (4) 40 (5) 42 (3) 45 (1) 42 (2) 39 (6) (38-45) Overall Percentage Not Reported 58 62 57 60 58 55 58 61 * Numbers in brackets indicate the rank-ordering of cities within offence categories. A "1" indicates the city with the highest percentage reported, and a "7" indicates the city with the lowest percentage of reported incidents.

C. U. V. S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 71 COMPARISON OF TYPES OF THEFT HOUSEHOLD PROPERTY PERSONAL PROPERTY Estimated number of incidents 417,300 349,900 Rates per 1,000 172* 70** Percentage of incidents with dollar loss Percentage reported to police % Attempted incidents Reported % Completed incidents Reported Mean gross loss Mean recovery Means net loss Percent of loss recovered 88 94 44 29 35 20 45 30 $264*** $225*** $120 $ 65 $144 $160 45 29 * Rate per 1,000 households. ** Rate per 1,000 population 16 and older *** Includes only those incidents in which there was an actual loss

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 72 ECONOMIC LOSS* AND RECOVERY FOR INCIDENTS INVOLVING ANY LOSS, BY TYPE OF CRIME Type of Per cent Incidents Mean Gross Mean $ Mean Net Crime with Dollar Loss $ Loss Recovery $ Loss Personal Crimes Sexual Assault 32 291 25 266 Robbery 56 576 261 315 Assault** 18 261 37 224 Personal Theft 94 225 65 160 Household Crimes Break & Enter 67 1,142 487 655 Motor Vehicle Theft 72 3,512 3,053 459 Household Theft 88 264 120 144 Vandalism 73 224 92 132 * Economic loss in this instance includes costs due to theft and damage to property only. ** Loss in cases of assault is for property damage only.

C.U.V.S SECTION VIIB TABLE 73 REPORTING OF BREAK AND ENTER INCIDENTS BY CRIME CHARACTERISTICS ESUMATED PER CENT OF ALL PER CENT INCIDENTS BREAK AND ENTER REPORTED INCIDENTS ALL BREAK AND ENTERS 227,400* 100 64 Forced entry, with theft 70,800 31 90 Forced entry, no theft 16,300 7 66 No force, with theft 51,200 23 64 No force, no theft 14,500 6 42 Attempted only, with force 57,700 25 44 Attempted only, no force 16,800 7 39 * In approximately 1% of cases it was not known whether the incident was reported to the police.

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 74 REPORTING OF ROBBERY INCIDENTS BY CRIME CHARACTERISTICS ESTIMATED PER CENT OF PER CENT INCIDENTS ALL ROBBERIES REP0RTED( 1 ) All Robberies 49,200( 2 ) 100 45 Completed Robberies 24,000 49 62 With a weapon 10,100 20 73 No Weapon 13,900 29 54 Attempted Robberies 25,100 51 28 Incidents With a weapon 11,500 23 33 No weapon 13,600 28 24 with No weapons Incidents with Weapons 27,500 56 39 21,600 44 52 Incidents with guns 4,300 9 83 (1) In approximately 1% of cases it was not known whether the incident was reported to the police. Percentages are based on cases in which reporting status was known. (2) Estimated incidents may not add to totals given due to rounding. e

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIB TABLE 75 REPORTING OF ASSAULT INCIDENTS BY CRIME CHARACTERISTICS ESTIMATED PER CENT OF PER CENT INCIDENTS ALL ASSAULTS REPORTED( 1 ) All Assaults 285,700( 2 ) 100 34 Threats Only 137,900 48 33 Attacks 147,800 52 36 Weapons Used 98,700 34 47 Threats 59,300 21 47 Attacks 39,500 13 47 Guns Used 11,300 4 87 (1) In approximately 1% of cases it was not known whether the incident was reported to the police. Percentages are based on cases in which reporting status was known. (2) Estimated incidents may not add to totals given due to rounding.

SECTION VIIB TABLE 76 C.U.V.S. ESTIMATED INCIDENT RATES L OFFENCES Population aged 16 and older in seven cities = 4,975,900 Males = 2,357,000 Females = 2,618,900 Type of Incident Estimated Incidents Rates per 1,000 Population 16 and older Total Males Females All Personal Incidents* 702,000 141 154 129 All Violent Incidents** 352,200 70 90 53 Sexual Assaults 17,300. 3.5 0.8 5.8 Robbery 49,200 10 13 7 Assault 285,700 57 79 39 Personal Theft 349,800 70 66 74 * Personal incidents include violent incidents plus personal theft. ** Violent incidents include sexual assault, robbery and assault. HOUSEHOLD OFFENCES Total households in seven cities = 2,424,900 Type of Lncident Estimated Incidents Rate per 1,000 Households usehold Incidents 898,100 369 III> Break and Enter 227,300 94 Motor Vehicle Theft 40,600 17 Household Theft 417,200 172 Vandalism 213,000 88 Please note that since the release of Bulletin Number 1, editing of the data tape has lead to minor alterations in some estimated numbers. Incident rates have not been affected by these changes.

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIC TABLE 77 GROUPED INCIDENTS RATES BY CITY All Halifax/ Seven Vancouver Edmonton Winnipeg Toronto Montreal Dartmouth St. John's Cities Estimated Rates per 1,000 Population Personal Incidents( 1 ) 192 (1)( 4 ) 143 (3) 134 (4) 125 (7) 128 (5) 158 (2) 127 (6) 141 Personal Violent Incidents( 2 ) 100 (1) 71 (3) 68 (4) 64 (5) 61 (6) 76 (2) 58 (7) 70 Estimated Rates per 1,000 Households Household Indicents( 3 ) 458 (2) 393 (4) 463 (1) 277 (7) 382 (5) 377 (6) 405 (3) 369 (1) Personal incidents include sexual assault, robbery, assault and theft of personal property. (2) Personal violent incidents include sexual assault, robbery and assault. (3) Household incidents include break and entry, motor vehicle theft, theft of household property and vandalism. (4) Figures in brackets show rank ordering of cities.

C.U.V.S. SECTION VIIC TABLE 78 AWARENESS OF CRIME PREVENTION PROGRAMS Halifax/ All Seven Vancouver Edmonton Winnipeg Toronto Montreal Dartmouth St. John's Cities Percent Respondents Aware Neighbourhood Watch 84 64 40 27 23 72 49 42 Block Parents 74 92 90 72 62 89 72 73 Operation 82 59 61 31 48 69 67 51 Identification Percent Households Participating Operation Identification 26 14 10 4 14 19 9 15

APPENDIX 1 DEFINITIONS AND LIMITATIONS The eight categories of crimes included in this survey are: sexual assault, robbery, assault, breaking and entering, motor vehicle theft, theft of household property, theft of personal property and vandalism. These offences are ranked in descending order of seriousness. 1. Se,ual assault includes rape, attempted rape, molesting or attempted molestation, and is considered the most serious crime. 2. Robbery occurs if something is taken and the offender has a weapon or there is a threat or an attack. The presence of a weapon is assumed to imply a threat. Attempted robberies are also included in this offence category. 3. Assault involves the presence of a weapon or an attack or threat. Assault incidents may range from face-to-face verbal threats to an attack with extensive injuries. 4. Break and enter occurs if a dwelling is entered by someone who has no right to be there. "No right to be there" differentiates, for example, between a workman who is in a dwelling with the permission of the owner and steals something, and someone illegally entering the dwelling to take property. The latter would be classified as a break and enter as are attempts to enter a dwelling if there is some evidence of force or knowledge of how the person tried to get in. 5. Motor vehicle theft involves the theft or attempted theft of a car, truck, van, motorcycle or other motor vehicle. 6. Theft or attempted theft of household property. 7. Theft or attempted theft of money or other personal property (not household property). 8. Vandalism occurs if property is damaged but not taken. Incidents which involved the commission of several different criminal acts appear in the tables only once, according to the most serious component of the event. Thus for example, if sexual assault, theft of money and vandalism all occurred at the same time, the incident would be classified in these tables as sexual assault. An incident would be classified as vandalism (least serious on the hierarchy) only if no other crime which is higher on the seriousness scale occurred at the same time.

C.J. PERSONNEL SECTION VIII TABLE 79 PERSON YEAR ALLOCATION BY AGENCIES - CORRECTIONAL SERVICE CANADA, NATIONAL PAROLE BOARD, ROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED POLICE, AND SECRETARIAT YEAR C.S,C. N.P.B. R.C.M.P. SECRETARIAT 1966 5,103 --- 10,018 7 1967 5,199 --- 11,002 28 1968 5,386 --- 11,983 57 1969 5,294 --- 12,078 46 1970 5,258 --- 12,882 60 1971 5,481 --- 13,337 82 1972 5,818 --- 14,385 107 1973 6,303 --- 15,556 144 1974 8,030 --- 16,716 184 1975 9,082 --- 17,725 215 1976 9,348 --- 18,213 206 1977 9,971 --- 19,013 231 1978 10,473 --- 19,693 232 1979 10,152 --- 19,822 224 1980 9,729 271 20,007 221 1981 9,795 280 20,547 224 1982 9,795 284 20,981 262 1983 10,095 292 21,324 243 1984 10,761 301 21,149 251 1985 11,105 311 19,377 319 1986 10,994 312 19,563 303 Updated November, 1986

SECTION VIII TABLE 79a NUMBER OF POLICE, NUMBER MURDERED AND RATE CANADA C.O. PERSONNEL HOMICIDE (1) ( 1 ) RATE PER NUMBER 01( 1 ) NUMBER CC RCMP( 2 ) RATE PER YEAR NUMBER OF POLICE NUMBER OF POLICE 100,000 RCMP OFFICERS MURDERED 100,000 OFFICERS MURDERED POLICE OFFICERS ON DUTY R.C.M.P. 1962 27,744 11 39.7 6,812 3 44.0 1963 29,023 0-6,823 0-1964 30,605 2 6.5 7,103 1 14.1 1965 32,010 2 6.3 7,398 1 13.5 1966 34,069 3 8.8 7,920 1 12.6 1967 35,881 3 8.4 8,563 1 11.7 1968 37,044 5 13.5 8,915 0-1969 38,589 5 13.0 9,201 0-1970 40,295 3 7.5 9,498 2 21.1 1971 42,630 3 7.0 10,407 1 9.6 1972 43,762 3 6.9 10,960 0-1973 45,809 5 10.9 11,987 0-1974 48,075 6 12.5 12,971 1 7.7 1975 50,663 2 3.9 14,072 0 _ 1976 51,193 3 5.9 13,592 0-1977 51,778 5 9.7 13,480 0-1978 51,716 6 11.4 13,376 4 29.9 1979 52,018 1 1.9 13,447 0 _ 1980 52,922 3 5.7 13,879 1 7.2 1981 53,689 5 9.3 14,267 1 7.0 1982 53,663 1 1.8 14,115 0-1983 53,177 1 1.9 13,984 0-1984 53,102 6 11.3 13,958 0-1985 53,464 6( 3 ) 11.2 14,271 2 14.0 1986 N/A 4( 3 ) N/A N/A N/A - Updated March 1987 Source: (1) Statistics Canada - C.C.J.S. Juristat Vol. 6 No. 2 (2)Statistics Canada - C.C.J.S. Law Enforcement Program (Homicide Project). (3) - Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police

SECTION VIII TABLE 79h CATEGORIES OF HOMICIDE VICTIMS IN NUMBERS AND RATES, CANADA C.a. PERSONNEL HOMICIDE VICTIMS KILLED (1) (1) (2) DURING THE POLICE OFFICERS YEAR COMMISSION KILLED IN THE OF A CRIMINAL ACT LINE OF DUTY TOTAL HOMICIDES RATE PER RATE PER RATE PER 100,000 100,000 100,000 NO. POPULATION NO. POLICE NO. POPULATION *1962 43 0.2 11 39.7 265 1.4 1963 43 0.2 0 0 248 1.3 1964 37 0.2 2 6.5 253 1.3 1965 29 0.1 2 6.3 277 1.4 1966 33 0.2 3 8.8 248 1.2 1967 41 0.2 3 8.4 337 1.7 1968 58 0.3 5 13.5 374 1.8 1969 46 0.2 5 13.0 386 1.8 1970 123 0.6 3 7.5 467 2.1 1971 68 0.3 3 7.0 473 2.2 1972 104 0.5 3 6.9 519 2.4 1973 82 0.4 5 10.9 541 2.4 1974 81 0.4 6 12.5 602 2.6 1975 90 0.4 2 3.9 697 3.1 "1976 88 0.4 3 5.9 668 2.9 1977 122 0.5 5 9.7 707 3.0 1978 84 0.4 6 11.6 658 2.8 1979 92 0.4 1 1.9 631 2.7 1980 93 0.4 3 5.7 593 2.5 1981 129 0.5 5 9.3 647 2.7 1982 129 0.5 1 1.8 670 2.7 1983 118 0.5 1 1.9 682 2.7 1984 93 0.4 6 11.3 668 2.7 1985 N/A - 6( 3 ) 11.2 704 2.8 1986 N/A - 4( 3 ) N/A N/A - * Year of las execution. ** Year of abolition of capital punishment. Updated March 1987 Source: (1) Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Homicide in Canada, Catalogue 1185-209 (2) Statistics Canada, Canadian Crime Statistics Catalogue 1185-205 (3) - Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police Bill C-84, an Act to amend the Criminal Code in Relation to the Punishment for Murder and certain other serious offences was passed in July 76. According to this Bill four forms of homicide now constitute first degree murder: planned and deliberate murders, murder of a police or custodial officer who is killed in the line of duty, murder committed in the course of certain criminal acts (hijacking, kidnapping, or sexual offences) or murder committed by a person that has been previously convicted of first or second degree murder. All other murder is second degree.

COSTS SECTION VIII TABLE 79.1 GROSS EXPENDITURES ON POLICING BY LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT 1962-1983 C U RENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) FEDERAL PROVINCIAL LOCAL( 1 ) YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL 1962 52,967 36,590-89,557 1963 52,892 41,748-94,640 1964 76,847 50,074-126,921 1965 81,448 67,733-149,181 1966 101,275 78,860-180,135 1967 118,855 93,690-212,545 1968 135,647 98,700-234,347 1969 151,783 116,508-268,291 1970 167,821 135,197-303,018 1971 198,986 159,039 337,096 695,121 1972 223,470 187,588 434,070 845,128 1973 262,328 211,914 535,177 1,009,419 1974 324,952 295,934 560,224 1,181,110 1975 399,254 320,708 710,267 1,430,229 1976 469,692 378,463 825,375 1,673,530 1977 556,000 407,828 901,130 1,864,958 1978 605,284 444,737 1,002,265 2,052,286 1979 645,254 514,867 1,073,768 2,233,889 1980 732,796 577,683 1,239,642 2,550,121 1981 870,401 690,275 1,426,861 2,987,537 1982 959,866 748,814 1,635,523 3,344,203 1983 1,013,313 790,104 1,781,629 3,585,046 (1) Prior to 1971, police, law enforcement and corrections were grouped together, comprising one expenditure. From 1971 police expenditures have been noted as individual expenditures. - Data not available. April, 1987 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-211 Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-207 Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-204.

COSTS SECTION VIII TABLE 79.2 GROSS EXPENDITURES ON COURTS BY LEVEL OF GOVERNNENT, 1962-1983 CU RENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) FEDERAL PROVINCIAL YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL( 1 ) 1962 8,383 33,110 41,493 1963 10,595 34,113 44,708 1964 11,719 40,327 52,046 1965 12,467 44,562 57,029 1966 13,375 51,843 65,218 1967 17,148 56,848 73,996 1968 18,517 85,763 104,280 1969 21,157 116,020 137,177 1970 25,589 102,374 127,963 1971 28,690 119,983 148,673 1972 32,071 120,976 153,047 1973 38,608 139,423 178,031 1974 55,251 210,862 266,113 1975 75,504 238,294 313,798 1976 79,756 253,742 333,498 1977 37,000 239,213 276,213 1978 42,579 272,885 315,464 1979 53,469 294,119 347,588 1980 69,607 364,884 434,491 1981 77,063 443,594 520,657 1982 83,992 521,722 605,714 1983 95,054 543,597 638,651 (1) Excludes court expenditures for local government. These figures are included wih local government expenditures on corrections. Prior to 1971, courts and corrections were grouped together with police expenditures. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-211 Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-207

SECTION VIII TABLE 79.3 GROSS EXPENDITURES ON CORRECTIONS BY LEVEL OF GOVERNNENT, 1962-1983 CU RENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) COSTS FEDERAL PROVINCIAL LOCAL( 1 ) YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL 1962 24,712 44,488-69,200 1963 26,800 49,572-76,372 1964 38,600 54,804-93,404 1965 56,263 61,490-117,753 1966 58,246 71,437-129,683 1967 63,458 85,159-148,617 1968 61,221 99,949-161,170 1969 67,185 121,877-189,062 1970 70,153 112,081-182,234 1971 81,306 128,177 12,746 222,229 1972 88,514 140,413 16,394 245,321 1973 113,187 162,099 17,207 292,493 1974 143,868 199,181 14,343 357,392 1975 188,727 235,761 16,289 440,777 1976 225,024 309,357 17,045 551,426 1977 300,000 320,525 20,557 641,082 1978 326,639 334,932 20,330 681,901 1979 333,016 358,613 21,439 713,068 1980 401,462 410,049 27,710 839,221 1981 473,698 463,840 30,546 968,084 1982 525,887 507,107 33,624 1,066,618 1983 618,687 548,003 43,720 1,210,410 (1) Local government expenditures include courts and corrections. Prior to 1971, corrections and courts were grouped together with the police. - Data not available. April, 1987 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-211 Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-207 Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-204.

SECTION VIII TABLE 79.4a GROSS EXPENDITURE ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE BY LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT, 1962-1983 CURRENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) COSTS FEDERAL PROVINCIAL LOCAL YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL 1962 86,062 114,188-200,250 1963 90,287 125,433-215,720 1964 127,166 145,205-272,371 1965 150,178 173,785-323,963 1966 172,896 202,140-375,036 1967 199,461 235,697-435,158 1968 215,385 284,412-499,797 1969 240,125 354,405. - 594,530 1970 263,563 349,652-613,215 1971 308,982 407,199 349,842 1,066,023 1972 344,055 448,977 450,464 1,243,496 1973 414,123 513,436 552,384 1,479,943 1974 524,071 705,977 574,567 1,804,615 1975 663,485 794,763 726,556 2,184,804 1976 774,472 941,562 842,420 2,558,454 1977 893,000 967,566 921,687 2,782,253 1978 974,502 1,052,554 1,022,595 3,049,651 1979 1,031,739 1,167,599 1,095,207 3,294,545 1980 1,203,865 1,352,616 1,267,352 3,823,833 1981 1,421,162 1,597,709 1,457,407 4,476,278 1982 1,569,745 1,777,643 1,669,147 5,016,535 1983 1,727,054 1,881,704 1,825,349 5,434,107 - Data not available. April, 1987 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-211 Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-207 Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-204. s

SECTION VIII TABLE 79.4b CRIMINAL JUSTICE EXPENDITURE ON A PER CAPITA BASIS CURRENT DOLLARS, 1962-1982 COSTS CRIMINAL( 1 ) YEAR JUSTICE POPULATION PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE 1962 200,250 18,583 10.78 1963 215,720 18,931 11.40 1964 272,371 19,291 14.12 1965 323,963 19,644 16.49 1966 375,036 20,014 18.74 1967 435,158 20,378 21.35 1968 499,797 20,701 24.14 1969 594,530 21,001 28.31 1970 613,215 21,297 28.79 1971 1,066,023 21,568 49.43 1972 1,243,496 21,801 57.04 1973 1,479,943 22,042 67.14 1974 1,804,615 22,364 80.69 1975 2,184,804 22,697 96.26 1976 2,558,454 22,992 111.28 1977 2,782,253 23,272 129.55 1978 3,049,651 23,517 129.68 1979 3,294,545 23,747 138.74 1980 3,823,833' 24,042 159.05 1981 4,476,278 24,341 183.90 1982 5,016,535 24,634 203.64 (1) Comprises federal, provincial and local government expenditures for police, court and corrections. Prior to 1971 no local government expenditure on police courts and corrections is available. In thousands. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-211 Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-207 Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-204 Statistics Canada, Annual Estimate of Population for Canada & the Provinces, Catalogue #91-201

SECTION VIII TABLE 79.5a GROSS EXPENDITURE ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE BY LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT, 1962-1982 BASE YEAR 1962 CONSTANT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) COSTS FEDERAL PROVINCIAL LOCAL YEAR GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT TOTAL 1962 86,062 114,188-200,250 1963 88,604 123,094-211,698 1964 122,511 139,889-262,400 1965 141,278 163,485-304,763 1966 157,178 183,764-340,942 1967 174,812 206,571-381,383 1968 181,301 239,404-420,705 1969 193,493 285,580-479,073 1970 205,748 272,952-478,700 1971 234,255 308,718 265,233 808,205 1972 249,135 325,110 326,187 900,432 1973 278,496 345,283 371,475 995,254 1974 317,619 427,865 348,222 1,093,706 1975 362,957 434,772 397,460 1,195,188 1976 393,933 478,923 428,494 1,301,350 1977 420,829 455,969 434,348 1,311,147 1978 422,045 455,848 442,874 1,320,767 1979 409,096 462,966 434,261 1,306,322 1980 433,357 486,903 456,210 1,376,470 1981 454,772 511,267 466,370 1,432,409 1982 453,290 513,325 481,995 1,448,610 - Data not available. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-211 Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-207 Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-204.

COSTS SECTION VIII TABLE 79.5b CRIMINAL JUSTICE EXPENDITURE ON A PER CAPITA BASIS, 1962-1982 CONSTANT DOLLARS, BASE YEAR 1962 (THOUSANDS) CRIMINAL( 1 ) YEAR JUSTICE POPULATION PER CAPITA EXPENDITURE 1962 200,250 18,583 10.78 1963 211,698 18,931 11.18 1964 262,400 19,291 13.60 1965 304,763 19,644 15.51 1966 340,942 20,014 17.04 1967 381,383 20,378 18.72 1968 420,705 20,701 20.32 1969 479,073 21,001 22.81 1970 478,700 21,297 22.48 1971 808,205 21,568 37.47 1972 900,432 21,801 41.30 1973 995,254 22,042 45.15 1974 1,093,706 22,364 48.90 1975 1,195,188 22,697 52.66 1976 1,301,350 22,992 56.60 1977 1,311,147 23,272 56.34 1978 1,320,767 23,517 56.16 1979 1,306,322 23,747 55.01 1980 1,376,470 24,042 57.25 1981 1,432,409 24,341 58.85 1982 1,448,610 24,634 58.81 (1) Comprises federal, provincial and local government expenditures for police, court and corrections. Prior to 1971 no local government expenditure on police courts and corrections is available. In thousands. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-211 Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-207 Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-204 Statistics Canada, Annual Estimate of Population for Canada & the Provinces, Catalogue #91-201

COSTS SECTION VIII TABLE 79.6 EXPENDITURES ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE AS A PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL FEDERAL GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES AND GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT 1962-1982 CURRENT DOLLARS (THOUSANDS) % OF TOTAL % OF CRIMINAL( 1 ) FEDERAL GROSS YEAR JUSTICE GOVERNMENT NATIONAL EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURE PRODUCT 1962 200,250 3.0 0.47 1963 215,720 3.1 0.47 1964 272,371 3.8 0.54 1965 323,963 4.1 0.59 1966 375,036 4.3 0.61 1967 435,158 4.4 0.66 1968 499,797 4.6 0.69 1969 594,530 4.1 0.74 1970 613,215 4.7 0.72 1971 1,066,023 7.1 1.13 1972 1,243,496 7.7 1.82 1973 1,479,943 7.4 1.20 1974 1,804,615 6.9 1.22 1975 2,184,804 6.6 1.32 1976 2,558,454 6.6 1.34 1977 2,782,253 6.5 1.32 1978 3,049,651 6.5 1.31 1979 3,294,545 6.3 1.25 1980 3,823,833 6.1 1.29 1981 4,476,278 6.6 1.32 1982 5,016,535 6.4 1.40 (1) Comprises federal, provincial and local government expenditures for police, court, and corrections. Prior to 1971, no local government expenditure on police courts and corrections is available. November, 1986 Source: Statistics Canada, Federal Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-211 Statistics Canada, Provincial Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-207 Statistics Canada, Local Government Finance, Annual, Catalogue #68-204

SUBJECT INDEX GUIDE DIVISEUR CLASS SCHEDULE/HORAIRE TIME HEURE MON LUN. TUES MAR. WED MER THUR JEU FRI VEN. SAT SAM. FINAL EXAMINATIONS & PROJECTS/EXAMENS FINALS & MATIÈRES DAY JOUR DATE TIME HRE PLACE LIEU COURSE COURS NAME NOM TELEPHONE ADDRESS ADRESSE SCHOOL ÉCOLE CLASS CLASSE M IMO VS' I% IL I #8 2P.

CORRECTIONS SECTION IX A TABLE 80 PERSONS RECEIVING SENTENCES OF TWO YEARS AND MORE ADMITTED TO FEDERAL AND PROVINCIAL INSTITUTIONS, 1975-1984 YEAR TOTAL 1975 3,923 1976 3,941 1977 3,974 1978 4,175 1979 3,996 1980 3,981 1981 4,317 1982 4,556 1983 5,158 1984 5,362 Excludes re-admissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. This revised table does not reconcile with the table previously provided owing to a change in counting procedures. This table now excludes readmissions by revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Updated November, 1986 Source: Ministry of the Solicitor General, Correctional Service of Canada, Offender Information System

CORRECTIONS SENTENCES SECTION IXB TABLE 81 LENGTH OF AGGREGATE SENTENCE OF INMATES ADMITTED UNDER FEDERAL SENTENCE( 1 ), 1975-1984 TYPE OF SENTENCE 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 Less than 2 years ( 2 ) 477 511 496 437 522 585 511 472 756 723 2 to less than 3 years 1,345 1,252 1,289 1,373 1,287 1,270 1,394 1,506 1,575 1,744 3 to less than 5 years 1,123 1,173 1,205 1,320 1,194 1,183 1,331 1,415 1,576 1,644 5 to less than 10 years 639 638 634 652 623 649 700 734 808 849 10 to less than 20 years 176 176 147 170 138 127 202 191 189 178 20 years to life or indefinite 163 191 203 223 202 167 179 238 254 224 TOTAL 3,923 3,941 3,974 4,175 3,966 3,981 4,317 4,556 5,158 5,362 (1) Excludes readmissions by straight revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. Includes admissions to federal institutions and transfers to provincial institutions. (2) Federal sentences of less than 2 years reflect a sentence administration practice wherein a sentence is recalculated due to day parole revocation or beng unlawfully at large. This revised table does not reconcile with the table previously provided owing to a change in counting procedures. readmissions by revocation of parole and mandatory supervision. This table now excludes Updated November, 1986 Source: Ministry of the Solicitor General, Correctional Service of Canada, Offender Information System

CORRECTIONS RELEASE TYPE SECTION IXC TABLE 82 TYPE OF RELEASE OF INMATES RELEASED UNDER FEDERAL( 1 ) SENTENCE, 1975-1984 RELEASE TYPE 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 Expiration of Sentence 211 104 121 160 219 330 359 386 392 422 Parole 1,271 1,058 1,483 1,569 1,727 1,420 1,585 1,683 1,854 1,676 Court Order 54 38 27 26 23 26 20 52 50 41 Death 34 38 36 39 35 40 37 41 51 57 Transfer to Provincial Institution 82 89 131 77 102 112 70 76 96 65 Mandatory Supervision 2,429 2,554 2,823 2,923 2,567 2,676 2,661 2,509 2,858 2,980 Other( 2 ) 1 5 11 55 42 23 19 27 26 37 TOTAL 4,082 3,886 4,632 4,849 4,715 4,627 4,751 4,774 5,327 5,278 Includes all release occurrences and not individual inmates (1) Includes releases from federal and provincial institutions. (2) Includes executive clemency, warrant expiry, inmate refused mandatory supervision, sentence reduced, transfer to other country, Lieutenant Governor's release. Updated November, 1986 Source: Ministry of the Solicitor General, Correctional Service of Canada, Offender Information System

SECTION IXC TABLE 82.1 SUCCESS RATES OF FULL PAROLE RELEASEs( 1 ) 1975-1986 PAROLE SUCCESS RATES Year of Total Full Revoked With Revoked Without 0, A % Release( 3 I Parole New Offence New Offence Revoked Successful Releases No. V A No. v...,0 1975 1,271 194 15.3 141 11.1 26.4 73.6 1976 1,058 137 13.0 85 8.0 21.0 79.0 1977 1,483 172 11.6 144 9.7 21.3 78.7 1978 1,570 182 11.6 173 11.0 22.6 77.4 1979 1,727 217 12.6 209 12.1 24.7 75.3 1980 1,420 144 10.1 184 13.0 23.1 76.9 1981 1,586 156 9.8 222 14.0 23.8 76.2 1982 1,684 213 12.7 202 12.0 24.6 75.3 1983 1,858 255 13.7 136 7.3 21.0 79.0 1984( 2 ) 1,682 216 12.8 140 8.3 21.2 78.8 1985( 2 ) 1,670 163 9.8 155 9.3 19.0 81.0 1986(2) 1,779 62 3.5 93 5.2 8.7 91.3 (1) As of March 4, 1986. (2) As of June 18, 1987. (3) Some of those prisoners released during this time period may not have completed their period of supervision. Updated June, 1987 Source: Information Services, Correctional Service Canada

SECTION IXC TABLE 82.2 SUCCESS RATES OF MANDATORY SUPERVISION RELEASES( 1 ) 1975-1986 MANDATORY SUPERVISON Year Total M.S. Revoked With Revoked Without 0, A % of Releases New Offence New Offence Revoked Successful Release(3) No...._ % No. _% 1975 2,431 624 25.7 333 13.7 39.4 60.6 1976 2,554 598 23.4 527 20.6 44.0 56.0 1977 2,824 558 19.8 588 20.8 40.6 59.4 1978 2,925 489 16.7 581 19.9 36.6 63.4 1979 2,568 479 18.7 575 22.4 41.1 58.9 1980 2,679 441 16.5 672 25.1 41.5 58.4 1981 2,666 385 14.4 760 28.5 42.9 57.1 1982 2,508 371 14.8 716 28.6 43.3 56.6 1983 2,857 581 20.3 553 19.4 39.7 60.3 1984( 2 ) 2,989 601 20.1 561 18.8 38.9 61.1 1985( 2 ) 3,304 600 18.2 678 20.5 38.7 61.3 1986( 2 ) 3,481 384 11.0 668 19.2 30.2 69.8 (1) As of March 4, 1986. (2) As of June 18, 1987 (3) Some prisoners released during this time period may not have completed their period of supervision. Updated June, 1987 Source: Information Services, Correctional Service Canada

SECTION IXC TABLE 82.3 PAROLE RELEASES BY REGION( 1 ) 1975-1986 PAROLE RELEASES REGION YEAR OF RELEASE( 2 ) ATLANTIC QUEBEC ONTARIO PRAIRIE PACIFIC CANADA 1975 170 337 358 237 169 1,271 1976 161 350 285 168 94 1,058 1977 283 542 304 220 134 1,483 1978 276 561 325 265 144 1,571 1979 296 660 362 230 176 1,724 1980 244 471 340 222 144 1,421 1981 246 588 359 239 153 1,585 1982 245 649 395 266 129 1,684 1983 258 650 489 279 180 1,856 1984 247 579 415 298 143 1,682 1985 253 539 388 323 167 1,670 1986 300 536 426 327 190 1,779 (1) As of June 18, 1987 (2) Some of these prisoners released during this time period may not have completed their period of supervision. Source: Information Services, Correctional Service Canada

SECTION IXC TABLE 82.4 M.S. RELEASES REGION MANDATORY SUPERVISION RELEASES BY REGION( 1 ) 1975-1986 YEAR OF RELEASE( 2 ) ATLANTIC QUEBEC ONTARIO PRAIRIE PACIFIC CANADA (1) 1975 318 457 679 587 390 2,431 1976 330 518 695 630 381 2,554 1977 342 610 849 677 346 2,824 1978 295 730 804 707 389 2,925 1979 292 650 648 665 314 2,569 1980 252 697 668 707 354 2,678 1981 271 706 663 683 343 2,666 1982 251 673 632 634 320 2,510 1983 321 735 681 713 407 2,857 1984 331 789 728 704 437 2,989 1985 406 800 888 733 477 3,304 1986 381 846 967 769 518 3,481 As of June 18, 1987 (2) Some of these prisoners released during this time period may not have completed their period of supervision. Source: Information Services, Correctional Service Canada

SECTION X TABLE 83.1 TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, 1962-1965 TRAFFIC OFFENCES TYPE OF OFFENCE 1962 1963 1964 1965 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death 162 0.9 176 0.9 185 1.0 197 1.0 Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm 87 0.5 67 0.4 64 0.3 71 0.4 Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle 389 2.1 402 2.1 383 2.0 357 1.8 Fail to Stop or Remain 19,822 106.7 23,602 124.7 28,685 148.7 33,360 169.7 Dangerous Driving 2,948 15.9 3,254 17.2 4,065 21.1 5,016 25.5 Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 3,778 20.3 3,754 19.8 3,888 20.2 3,701 18.8 Driving While Impaired 28,889 155.5 28,766 152.0 30,924 160.3 33,878 172.5 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 6,993 37.6 7,112 37.6 7,643 39.6 8,146 41.5 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 63,068 339.4 67,133 354.6 75,837 393.1 84,726 431.3 Federal Statutes 11,076 59.6 9,673.51.1 6,066( 1 ) 31.4 6,122 31.2 Provincial Statutes 1,029,594 5,540.5 1,189,846 6,285.2 1,256,147( 1 ) 6,511.6 1,382,937 7,040.0 Municipal By-Laws 290,056 1,560.9 334,254 1,765.6 372,951( 1 ) 1,933.3 397,077 2,021.4 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain NA NA NA NA Dangerous Driving w/o due care NA NA NA NA Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled NA NA NA NA Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Mùnicipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & 1963. Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue 1185-205 (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue 1185-206

SECTION X TABLE 83.2 TRAFFIC OFFENCES TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED 1 3 POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, 1966-1969 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1966 1967 1968 1969 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death 222 1.1 209 1.0 218 1.1 208 1.0 Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm 72 0.4 69 0.3 83 0.4 89 0.4 Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle 370 1.8 369 1.8 400 1.9 418 2.0 Fail to Stop or Remain 35,536 177.5 36,849 180.8 40,872 197.4 45,667 217.5 Dangerous Driving 4,793 23.9 4,867 23.9 5,291 25.6 5,277 25.1 Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 3,093 15.5 3,450 16.9 3,664 17.7 3,289 15.7 Driving While Impaired 36,514 182.4 37,688 184.9 41,452 200.2 46,918 223.4 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 9,151 45.7 9,734 47.8 9,380 45.3 8,868 42.2 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 89,751 448.4 93,235 457.5 101,360 489.6 110,734 527.3 Federal Statutes 9,698 48.5 13,647 67.0 9,803 47.4 6,148 29.3 Provincial Statutes 1,509,598 7,542.3 1,589,965 7,802.4 1,952,404 9,431.4 1,970,377 9,382.3 Municipal By-Laws 373,218 1,864.7 365,183 1,792.0 365,256 1,764.4 387,397 1,844.7 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 10,083 50.4 10,659 52.3 12,654 61.1 14,867 70.8 Dangerous Driving w/o due care 33,881 169.3 39,867 195.6 46,628 225.2 51,354 244.5 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled 2,440 12.2 1,678 8.2 1,873 9.0 2,767 13.2 Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Mùnicipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & 1963. (2) 'Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, 1969. Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue 1185-205 (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue 1185-206

SECTION X TABLE 83.3 TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, 1970-1973 TRAFFIC OFFENCES TYPE OF OFFENCE 1970 1971 1972 1973 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence. - Causing Death 178 0.8 226 1.0 210 1.0 224 1.0 Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm 78 0.4 66 0.3 87 0.4 99 0.4 Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle 387 1.8 515 2.4 509 2.3 578 2.6 Fail to Stop or Remain 46,483 218.3 51,446 238.5 57,866 265.1 63,780 288.7 Dangerous Driving 5,249 24.6 4,948 22.9 4,943 22.6 5,849 26.5 Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 4,083 19.2 5,601 26.0 8,333 38.2 10,774 48.8 Driving While Impaired 76,614 359.7 91,189 422.8 100,352 459.7 118,096 534.5 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 9,414 44.2 9,930 46.0 10,798 49.5 13,758 62.3 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 142,486 669.0 163,921 759.9 183,098 838.8 213,158 964.8 Federal Statutes 3,980 18.7 4,754 22.0 5,905 27.0 8,734 39.5 Provincial Statutes 1,822,507 8,557.6 1,821,367 8,444.8 2,011,298 9,213.2 2,140,243 9,686.7 Municipal By-Laws 412,261 1,935.8 500,707 2,321.5 422,590 1,935.8 401,833 1,818.7 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 16,907 79.4 20,127 93.3 24,657 112.9 28,313 128.1 Dangerous Driving w/o due care 47,713 224.0 47,843 221.8 56,172 257.3 65,514 296.5 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled 1,424 6.7 1,409 6.5 1,421 6.5 3,756 17.0 Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & 1963. (2) "Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, 1969. Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue 1185-205 (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue 1185-206

TRAFFIC SECTION X TABLE 83.4 OFFENCES TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, 1974-1976 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1974 1975 197 6 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death 234 1.0 245 1.1 228 1.0 Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm 105 0.5 149 0.7 139 0.6 Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle 716 3.2 770 3.4 784 3.4 Fail to Stop or Remain 70,635 314.7 74,792 328.0 74,945 324.3 Dangerous Driving 6,547 29.2 6,658 29.2 6,599 28.6 Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 12,909 57.5 12,378 54.3 12,759 55.2 Driving While Impaired 132,691 591.1 134,936 591.8 135,609 586.8 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 15,900 70.8 22,806 100.0 25,927 112.2 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 239,737 1,068.0 252,734 1,108.5 256,990 1,112.1 Federal Statutes 10,395 46.3 13,280 58.2 14,734 63.8 Provincial Statutes 2,269,590 10,111.2 2,371,492 10,401.3 2,674,074 11,571.1 Municipal By-Laws 318,690 1,419.8 323,404 1,418.4 357,940 1,548.9 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 35,261 157.1 38,809 170.2 43,199 186.9 Dangerous Driving w/o due care 72,750 324.1 68,978 302.5 69,286 299.8 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled 5,391 24.0 7,554 33.1 11,402 49.3 Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & 1963. (2) "Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, 1969. Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue #85-205 (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue #85-206

SECTION X TABLE 83.5 TRAFFIC OFFENCES TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, 1977-1979 TYPE OF OFFENCE 1977 1978 1979 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death 256 1.0 238 1.0 309 1.3 Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm 165 0.7 157 0.7 173 0.7 Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle 848 3.6 884 3.8 1,069 4.5 Fail to Stop or Remain 75,236 323.0 77,180 328.2 88,433 372.4 Dangerous Driving 7,347 31.5 7,242 30.8 7,776 32.7 Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 14,300 61.3 14,560 61.9 16,145 68.0 Driving While Impaired 140,731 604.2 141,327 601.0 148,234 624.2 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Suspended 28,089 120.5 30,435 129.4 30,821 129.8 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 266,972 1,145.8 272,023 1,156.8 292,960 1,233.6 Federal Statutes 17,429 74.8 12,415 52.9 11,694 49.4 Provincial Statutes 2,789,894 11,978.3 2,638,773 11,237.8 2,984,719 12,608.9 Municipal By-Laws 393,122 1,687.8 607,701 2,588.0 668,271 2,823.1 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 46,436 199.3 57,234 243.4 67,342 283.6 Dangerous Driving w/o due care 56,590 242.9 67,157 285.6 72,124 303.7 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled 15,135 64.9 8,871 37.7 5,336 22.5 Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & 1963. (2) "Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, 1969. Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue #85-205 (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue 1185-206

SECTION X TABLE 83.6 TRAFFIC OFFENCES REPORTED TO POLICE AND RATE PER 100,000 POPULATION CANADA, 1980-1982 TRAFFIC OFFENCES TYPE OF OFFENCE 1980 1981 1982 NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE Criminal Code Offences Criminal Negligence - Causing Death 305 1.3 300 1.2 261 1.1 Criminal Negligence - Causing Bodily Harm 191 0.8 223 0.9 250 1.0 Criminal Negligence - Operating Motor Vehicle 1,026 4.3 1,179 4.8 1,062 4.3 Fail to Stop or Remain 92,979 386.7 96,856 397.9 91,422 371.1 Dangerous Driving 7,901 32.9 8,010 32.9 6,518 26.5 Fail or Refuse Breath Sample( 2 ) 16,403 68.2 17,405 71.5 17,512 71.1 Driving While Impaired 152,813 635.6 157,977 649.0 149,800 608.1 Driving While Disqualified - Licence S4jspended( 3 ) 29,787 123.9 5,999( 3 ) 24.6 465 1.9 TOTAL CRIMINAL CODE 301,405 1,253.7 287,949 1,182.8 267,290 1,085.1 Federal Statutes 20,037 83.7 21,668 8 9.5 14,530 59.0 Provincial Statutes 3,227,153 13,494.6 3,377,365 13,962.1 3,152,195 12,796.1 Municipal By-Laws 703,314 2,940.9 738,677 3,053.7 647,293 2,627.6 Provincial Statute Offences Fail to Stop or Remain 75,318 313.3 80,854 332.1 79,632 323.3 Dangerous Driving w/o due care 71,925 299.2 70,966 291.5 59,839 242.9 Driving While Disqualified - Licence Susp-Cancelled( 4 ) 6,671 27.7 19,981 82.1 28,045 113.8 Up to 1971 rates published in the Manual differ from the Publication. In the publication, till 1969, rates were calculated on the population aged 16 and over only. For 1970 & 1971, the rates differ, because revised population figures are used in the Manual. (1) In 1964 a change in reporting procedures was instituted for traffic offences under Federal Statutes, Provincial Statutes, and Municipal By-Laws. Police were required to report the total charges laid under these sections and not persons charged as was required in 1962 & 1963. (2) "Driving while intoxicated" was repealed, & "Fail or refuse to provide sample of breath" became effective December 1, 1969. (3) The large decrease recorded in this offence between 1980 & 1981 was the result of a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on February 3, 1981, that declared this offence (Section 238(3) of the Criminal Code) unconstitutional. (4) The large increase reported in this offence between 1980 & 1981 was the result of the Supreme Court of Canada declaring Section 238 (3) of the Criminal Code unconstitutional. Updated April 1985 SOURCES: (1) Statistics Canada, Crime and Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue #85-205 (2) Statistics Canada, Traffic Enforcement Statistics, Catalogue #85-206

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STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL GLOSSARY OF SELECTED TERMINOLOGY The ternis given below are defined in a statistical rather than legal manner. The definitions refer to identifiable categories of data which, while bearing some relationship to legal concepts, have no legal standing in themselves. The purpose of these definitions is to provide a common understanding based on accurate yet simplified information. Rigorously exhaustive explanations have been avoided. ACTUAL INMATE COUNT: This unit of measurement is used to provide an indicator of the average institutional caseload; i.e. the average number of inmates in custody at anyone time. All inmates detained are included in this count, regardless of admission status. Ideally the count is based on counts taken once a day at the institutional level, then averaged over the year. ACTUAL OFFENCE: Refers to a reported offence or an offence known to the police which investigation has proved to be "founded", that is, to have taken place or occurred. ADJUDICATION: Refers to the judicial decision as to whether the accused is guilty or not guilty of the offence. The use of the term is generally restricted to the context of juvenile courts. AGGREGATE SENTENCE: An aggregate sentence is basically a calculation in days, months or years of the total time to be served in a penal institution by an inmate. For multiple sentences this is the sum of the consecutive sentences. For those sentences to be served concurrently, the longest sentence is the aggregate.

BREAKING AND ENTERING: - 2 - Entering "a place" (house, office, etc.) with intent to commit an indictable offence. It is not essential that force be used in "breaking". When a building contains several independently occupied residences such as apartments, suites, hotel rooms, or offices, each one entered would be scored. When a building has one occupant, for example a warehouse, store, shop, etc., and is broken into, only one offence is scored. DAY PAROLE: This type of release is usually granted to an inmate who is being considered for full parole. For the duration of his day parole, the inmate must return periodically (often every night) to the institution, a community correctional centre or a community residential centre (half-way house). Day parole may be granted for a maximum of 12 months but is usually granted for periods of four months. DIVERSION OR INFORMAL TREATMENT: The terms diversion and informal treatment have been used synonymously in the Canadian justice community to refer to the act of directing a person out of the formal, official criminal justice system. Because these terms have not as yet been given precise and specific operational definitions, they have been used interchangeably in this publication. The confusion stems from the number of possible points in the criminal justice system at which a person could be "diverted". This could happen: (a) after apprehension but before charging; (h) after charging but before a court appearance; and (c) after appearance in court but before adjudication. DRUG OFFENCES: Unless otherwise stated in this report, drug offences include all Narcotic Control Act and selected Food and Drugs Act Offences. These offences include:possession, trafficking, possession for trafficking, importing and exporting, and cultivation.

EXPIRATION OF SENTENCE: An inmate can be released through expiration of sentence, if there is less than 60 days remaining on the sentence, without any supervision. FEDERAL PENITENTIARY: Persons sentenced to federal penitentiaries generally serve terms of two years or more. Federal institutions have seven security classifications. Institutions with security classifications S1-S2 have simple physical barriers such as doors, windows, with normal household locks. Security classficiations S3-54-S5 have security ranging from a single fence with unarmed posts, to double fences or walls, with armed posts, and/or perimeter intrusion detection systems coupled, with immediate response capability in cases of internal emergencies. They include moderate use of physical barriers such as doors and may include unarmed posts. Security classifiation 56-S7 are highly controlled, with double fences or walls, armed elevated security posts and/or perimeter intrusion detection systems coupled with immediate response capability in cases of internal emergency. Internal security consists of doors and bars on windows and may include armed posts. Multi level institutions may house 51-S7 level inmates; with an S6-S7 level of security or as appropriate. They include regional recreation centres, psychiatric centres, and protective custody institutions. FEDERAL STATUTE: It is a statute passed by the Federal Government of Canada. Some of the statutes are: the Narcotic Control Act, the Juvenile Delinquents Act, the Immigration Act, the Income Tax Act, the Indian Act and the Parole Act. FIRST DEGREE MURDER: Four forms of homicide constitute first degree murder: planned and deliberate murders, murder of a peace officer in the line of duty, murder committed in the course of certain criminal acts and murder committed by a person who has been previously convicted of first or second degree murder. All other murder is second degree murder. (Anyone convicted of first degree murder who has served 15 years of the 25 year mandatory period before parole eligibility or anyone convicted of second degree murder, whose mandatory term exceeds 15 years and who has served 15 years of the sentence, may apply for a judicial review by a superior court judge and à jury to either reduce the remaining period of ineligibility or to be declared immediately eligible for parole. (Source: National Parole Board.))

FOUND DELINQUENT: - 4 - Judgement of the court that the accused had violated a provision of the Criminal Code or of any federal or provincial statute or municipal by-law or been guilty of sexual immorality or a similar form of vice. This count includes those adults convicted or contributing to a child becoming a delinquent. HOMICIDE: A general category wh'ich includes any act in which the life of one person is lost at the hands of another person. This includes capital murder, non-capital murder, first and second degree murder, manslaugher, and infanticide. INDICTABLE OFFENCE: Offences categorized as indictable are generally more serious than offences punishable on summary conviction, merit more severe punishment, and may be dealt with by a more complex judicial procedure (e.g. jury trial). INDECENT ASSAULT: A sexual assault upon either a male or female in which a rape did not take place but in which a sexual molestation did take place. INFANTICIDE: A mother commits infanticide if she intentionally, by some act or omission, causes the death of her newborn child while she is mentally disturbed as an after effect of childbirth. The maximum punishment is imprisonment for 5 years. INMATE: Means a person who having been sentenced or committed to penitentiary, has been received and accepted at a penitentiary pursuant to the sentence or committal and has not been lawfully discharged therefrom (Source: Martins Related Criminal Statutes).

JUVENILES: Is a child who is at least 7 years old. The maximum age differs by province as follows: age 7 to 15 - New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Alberta, Yukon, and the Northwest Territories age 7 to 16 - Newfoundland and British Columbia age 7 to 17 - Quebec and Manitoba In 1984 the Young Offenders Act was passed. This Act will standaridize the age of juveniles across the country as 12 to 17 years. LIFE SENTENCES: Inmates sentenced to life for murder before July 26, 1976 may become eligible after a minimum of 10 years. For those sentenced to life terms after January 1974, the eligibility date may follow the jury's recommendation bu the judge's pronouncement of the earliest possible date for eligibility is ultimately binding. This may be set at any time between 10 and 20 years. Inmates sentenced to life imprisonment on or after July 26, 1976 for first degree murder are not eligible for parole consideration before they have served 25 years. First degre murder covers all planned and deliberate murders; contracted murders; murder of police officers, prison employees, or others authorized to work in a prison; and murder while committing or attempting to commit rape, indecent assault on a male or female, kidnapping and forcible confinement, or hijacking. Anyone who commits a second murder, no matter of what nature, is considered to have committed a first degree murder. (Source: National Parole Board.) MANDATORY SUPERVISION: Penitentiary inmates who are not released on parole are entitled by law to serve in the community under supervision, the time accumulated by statutory or earned remission (Inmates whose penitentiary time began before July 1970, however are not supervised.) Remission commonly known as time off for good behaviour can be as much as one third of an inmates sentence. The inmate is not required to accept mandatory supervision and may remain in the institution until the expiry date of his sentence. Contrary to parole which is a discretionary act by the Board, release under mandatory supervision is a legal right. However, the Board has the authority to revoke mandatory supervision, and send individuals back to prison to serve the remaining portion of their sentence if the conditions of the release are violated or if the inmate commits a new crime. (Source: National Parole Board.).

MANSLAUGHTER: - 6 - Manslaughter is culpable homicide that is not murder or infanticide. MUNICIPAL BY-LAWS: These are acts which regulate local activities and are legislation passed by municipal governments. Some examples are: parking regulations, jaywalking, loitering, etc. MURDER: In 1976, the Criminal Code was amended. Capital punishment was abolished and replaced with a mandatory life sentence for all those offences for which death penalties existed. The amendment reclassified murder, from capital and non-capital murder to first and second degree murder. Four forms of homicide constitute first degree murder: planned and deliberate murders; murder of a peace officer in the line of duty; murder committed in the course of certain criminal acts; and murder committed by a person who has been previously convicted of first or second degree murder. All other murder is second degree murder. NARCOTIC CONTROL ACT: This is a federal Act prohibiting the following: the unauthorized importing and exporting, trafficking, possession for the purpose of trafficking, simple possession and cultivation of specific drugs including opiate narcotics such as heroin, cocaine and cannabis. The Act established a system of control over the distribution and use of the drugs for legitimate medical or cientific purposes. OFFENCES CLEARED: The sum of offences "cleared by charge" and offences "cleared otherwise".

OFFENCES CLEARED BY CHARGE: - 7 - An offence is "cleared by charge" when an Information (Form 2, Criminal Code) is laid against at least one person whose identity is established. This includes arrests, summonses to appear, appearance notices and warrants to apprehend. The offence is "cleared by charge" at the time an information is laid even though the accused is not arrested or brought before the court. OFFENCES CLEARED OTHERWISE: Refers to the situation where the offender has been identified, there is enough evidence to support the laying of an Information, but there is a reason outside of police control that prevents them from laying an Information and prosecuting the offender. An example would be if a person confesses to a crime and subsequently dies or the complainant or essential witness is dead and proceedings cannot be instituted. OFFENCES PUNISHABLE ON SUMMARY CONVICTION: Offences categorized as summary are generally less serious than indictable offences, merit less severe punishment, and are dealt with following a less complex judicial procedure (e.g. no jury trial). Except where otherwise expressly provided by law, a person convicted of an offence punishable on summary conviction is liable to a fine of not more than five hundred dollars or to imprisonment for not more than six months, or to both. ON REGISTER COUNT: This includes inmates temporarily out of custody i.e. on day parole, unlawfully at large, in hospital, on bail, temporary absences etc. (This count does not include temporary detainees.) Ideally, the count is based on counts taken once a day at the institutional level, then averaged over the year. OTHER FEDERAL STATUTES: This term refers to any federal statute other than the Narcotic Control Act. Statutes such as the Food and Drugs Act and the Juvenile Delinquents Act would be included in this general category.

- 8 - PAROLE: Full parole is the full time conditional release of an inmate. When paroled an individual is allowed to serve his sentence in the community until its expiry, unless he fails to adhere to the conditions of his release or the board has sufficient grounds to believe that he is returning to criminal activity, or the parolee actually commits a new crime. In such circumstances parole is suspended and may be revoked. (Source: National Parole Board.) PAROLE SUSPENSION: Members of the National Parole Board or persons designated by the Board may, by a warrant in writing signed by them, suspend any parole and authorize the apprehension of any paroled inmate whenever they are satisfied that the arrest of the inmate is necessary or desirable in order to prevent a breach of any term or condition of the parole, or for the rehabilitation of the inmate for the protection of society. Upon suspension the parolee is brought before a magistrate and remanded in custody until the case is reviewed. The case must be reviewed within 14 days and, at that time, the suspension must either be cancelled or referred to the National Parole Board which will, after completing its investigations, either cancel the suspension or revoke the parole. Inmates incarcerated on a suspension order are considered to be serving their sentence. PROPERTY CRIMES: Refers to Criminal Code offences involving the acquisition of money or material goods without the use or threat of violence against the victim. Included are: breaking and entering, motor vehicle theft, theft over and under $200, have stolen goods, and fraud. PROVINCIAL PRISON: Persons sentenced to provincial prisons generally serve ternis of less than two years. Provincial adult correctional institutions comprise provincial, district, county and municipal jails, reformatories, industrial farms, training and correctional centres, as well as satellites, and, in some provinces, reception and diagnostic units, and other special treatment facilities.

PROVINCIAL STATUTE: - 9 - This is legislation passed by a provincial government. Some examples are: the Liquor Conrol Act, the Highway Traffic Act, Child Welfare Act and the Motor Vehicle Act. REPORTED OFFENCES: Offences reported to or known by the police comprise all offences and alleged offences, including unfounded offences, unsolved crimes and attempts. Also included are crimes committed previously but not detected by or reported to the police until the month of the report. ROBBERY: Acts of robbery include stealing with violence, threats of violence, and while armed. One offence is counted for each distinct operation carried out or attempted, e.g., if three persons in a store are held up and the store is robbed, a single offence of robbery is counted. If four persons rob one, only one robbery is scored. If one person robs four at the same time and location, only 1 robbery is scored. SECOND DEGREE MURDER: Any other murder is second degree murder and the mandatory period to be served before parole eligibility is between 10 and 25 years, as indicated by the sentencing judge after the view of the convicting jury has been sought. A person convicted of second degree murder and sentenced to serve more than the minimum 10 years, before becoming eligible for parole, may appeal this additional period of ineligibility to a court of appeal. (Source: National Parole Board.) SUSPENDED SENTENCE: The court, having regard to the age and character of the accused, the nature of the offence and the circumstances surrounding its commission, may suspend the passing of sentence in cases resulting in conviction. It is incumbent upon the released person to keep the peace and be of good behaviour, although supervision is not necessarily involved.

- 10- UNFOUNDED OFFENCE: An offence is considered unfounded when police investigation of a reported offence has established that a crime did not happen or was not attempted. Unfounded offences are subtracted from those "reported or known to the police" to arrive at the "actual number of offences". UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING (UCR): Refers to the crime reporting program which was developed by Statistics Canada in co-operation with the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police and instituted in 1962. Under this program, police departments at federal, provincial and municipal levels contribute police administration, crime and traffic enforcement data to Statistics Canada in a standard format. VIOLENT CRIMES: Refers to Criminal Code offences in which the use or threat of force against the victim is an intrinsic element. Included are murder, attempted murder, manslaughter, rape, other sexual offences, assault (not indecent), wounding, and robbery, and from 1983 on, adbuction. WARRANT OF COMMITTAL: The lecial doqument authorizino the conveyance of a person to an institution tor purposes ot incarceration is called a warrant of committal. In this publication, however, the application of the term is limited to penitentiary admission of persons who formerly enjoyed unconditional liberty, as distinct from persons readmitted for violating conditions of release. A NOTE ON RATES: A rate is the most commonly used statistic in the Criminal Justice System. Examples include: homicide rates, auto theft rates, police clearance rates, recidivism rates, etc. These are used as quantitative indicators of how rare or common an event is, and serve a variety of purposes. Among these purposes are: the allocaton of resources, comparisons between cities, provinces, or countries, and the determination of trends.

e

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. A Act, Food & Drug I U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 Juvenile Delinquents III Juveniles Summary 14 Narcotic Control I U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 IV, Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 VI Female Offenders 42-43, 51, 52, 54 Admissions VI Female Offenders 39, 42, 44, 47, 49-56 Age VI Female Offenders 49 Alberta V Population Juveniles 25 V v Population rupuidt Lun Provinces riuvinuub 26.1-26.9 L0.1-40 5 All Offences I U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 I U.C.R. Violent 4 I U.C.R. Property 6 Arson VI Female Offenders 38 Assault III Juveniles Violent 15.1-15.2, 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, 54 VIIA C.U.V.S. 60-62, 64-66 VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70, 75 VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 Assault, Other I U.C.R. Violent 2.1-2.4 II U.C.R. Provinces 8.1-8.12 Assault, Sexual I U.C.R. Violent 2.1-2.4 VIIA C.U.V.S. 60-62, 64-66 VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70, VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 Atlantic VI Female Offenders 39

ITEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. A (Cont.) Attacks VIIB C.U.V.S. 75 Attempted Murder I U.C.R. Violent 2.1-2.5 Il U.C.R. Provinces 8.1-8.12 III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 III VI Juveniles Violent Female Offenders 15.1-15.2 28-29, 32, 42-43 51, 54 Attempted Robberies VIIB C.U.V.S. 74 Attitudes VIIA C.U.V.S. 67 Bawdy House VI Female Offenders 36 Beating VI Female Offenders 38 Block Parents VIIC C.U.V.S. 78 Break and Enter I II U.C.R. Property U.C.R. Provinces, 5.1-5.5 Property 11.1-11.12 III Juveniles Property 16.1-16.2 III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, 42-43 51, 54 VIIA C.U.V.S. 60-61, 63, 65-66 VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70, 72-73 VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 British Columbia V Population 25, 26.1-26.9

e STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. C Canada V Population Juvenile 25 V Population Provinces 26.1-26.9 Cannabis IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 Caucasian VI Female Offenders 40-41 Charged, Al]. Persons VI Female Offenders 28 Total Adults I U.C.R. Persons Charged 7.1-7.8 IV Drugs Adults 20 Females I U.C.R. Persons Charged 7.1-7.8 VI Female offenders 27-28, 30-33 Juveniles I U.C.R. Persons Charged 7.1-7.8 Males I U.C.R. Persons Charged 7.1-7.8 VI Female Offenders 27, 29-30, 32-33 Children Found Delinquent III Juveniles Court 18 City, Seven VIIA C.U.V.S. 65, 70, 77-78 Cocaine IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 Committals VI Female Offenders 55 Comparison - Types of Theft VIIB C.U.V.S. 71 Completed Robberies VIIB C.U.V.S. 74 Controlled Drugs IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 Correctional Service Canada VIII CJ Personnel 79

ITEM C (Cont.) STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Court Children brought to III Juveniles Court 18 Court Order VI Female Offenders 57 IXC Corrections Release Type 82 Criminal Code Offences 1 U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 U.C.R. Homicide 3 U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces 4 Homicide 9.1-9.12 U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces 10.1-10.12 Property 12.1-12.12 VI Female Offenders 27 X Traffic Offences 83.1-83.6 Criminal Justice, Expenditure VIII Costs 79.4b, 79.5b Criminal Negligence, Causing Death X Traffic Offences 83.1-83.6 Causing Bodily Harm X Traffic Offences 83.1-83.6 Operating Motor Vehicle X Traffic Offences 83.1-83.6 Crime Characteristics VIIB C.U.V.S. 74 Crime Prevenmtion Programs, Awareness VIIC C.U.V.S. 78

I TEM SECTION STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX CATEGORY TABLES NO. D Dangerous Driving VI Female Offenders Traffic Offences 34-35 83.1-83.6 Death, type of release VI IXC Female Offenders Corrections Release Type 57 82 Delinquencies, All Involving Violence Against Property Juveniles Summary Juveniles Violent Juveniles Property 14 15.1-15.2 16.1-16.2 Delinquent, Children found III Juveniles Court 18 Domestic, Relationship VI Female Offenders 37 While Driving While Disqualified/ License Suspended Impaired Drowning; method VI X VI VI Female Offenders Traffic Offences Female Offenders Traffic Offences Female Offenders 34-35 83.1-83.6 34-35 83.1-83.6 38 Drugs Juveniles Summary 14 Controlled IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles 19 20. 21 Other IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles 19 20 21 Restricted IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles 19 20 21

I TEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Economic, Loss VIIB C.U.V.S. 72 Recovery VIIB C.U.V.S. 72 Edmonton, Crime by City VIIA C.U.V.S. 65 Incident by City VIIB C.U.V.S. 70 Estimated Incidents VIIB C.U.V.S. 68 Ethnicity VI Female Offenders 40 Evening Activities, Incident Rates VIIA C.U.V.S. 64 Expiration of Sentence VI Female Offenders 57 IXC Corrections Release Type 82 Fail to provide Breath Sample Fail to Stop or Remain Family Income, Incident Rates by Fear Revenge, reasons given VI Female Offenders 34, 35 X Traffic Offences 83.1-83.6 VI Female Offenders 34,35 X Traffic Offences 83.1-83.6 VIIA C.U.V.S. 62, 63 VIIA C.U.V.S. 66-67, 69

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. F (cont.) Federal Government Expenditure, Policing Courts Corrections Current Contant A Federal Sentence admitted under ethnicity race and language offence category population rates age marital status sentence length previous committals release types time served VIII VIII VIII VIII VIII VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI VI Costs Costs Costs Costs Costs Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders Females Offenders 79.1 79.2 79.3 79.4a 79.5a 39, 47 40 41 43, 51 46 48 49 50 53-54 55 57 59 Federal Statutes Drugs Other VI X VI U.C.R. Summary Juveniles Summary Female Offenders Traffic Offences Female Offenders Juveniles Summary 1.1-1.5 14 27 83.1-83.6 32 14 Female VI Female Offenders 27-28, 30-31, 59 Female Charged U.C.R. Persons Charged 7.1-7.8 Female not reported VII C.U.V.S. 67 Food & Drug Act IV U.C.R. Summary Drugs U.C.R. 1.1-1.5 19 Fraud VI U.C.R. Property U.C.R. Provinces Property Juveniles Property Juveniles U.C.R. Female Offenders 5.1-5.5 11.1-11.12 16.1-16.2 17 28-29, 32, 42-43, 51, 54

I TEM SECTION G STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX CATEGORY TABLES NO. Gross National Product, Percent of VIII Costs 79.6 Guns - Incidents Used VIIB VIIB C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 74 75 H Halifax/Dartmouth Crime by City Incident by City VI IA VIIB VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 65 70 77, 78 Heroin IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles 19 20 21 Homicide VIII U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Homicide U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces Homicide Juveniles Violent CJ Personnel 2.1-2.4 3, 3.1 8.1-8.12 9.1-9.12 15.1-15.2 79b Household Crime, VIIB C.U.V.S. 72 Household Offences VI IA VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 60 76 Household Theft VI IA VIIB VI 1C C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 60-61, 63, 65-66 68, 70-71 76

I TEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. I Impaired Driving VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32 Incarceration Rates VI Female Offenders 48 Incidents, Number of VIIB C.U.V.S. 68 Incident Rates VIIA C.U.V.S. 60, 62, 63-64 VIIC C.U.V.S. 77 Incidents Not Reported VIIA C.U.V.S. 61, 65 Incidents, Type of VIIA C.U.V.S. 60-61, 65 VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70 VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 Inconvenience, reasons given VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 11, Income VIIA C.U.V.S. 62-63 Infanticide I U.C.R. Violent 2.1-2.5 II U.C.R. Provinces Violent 81.-8.12 VI Female Offenders 28-29 Institution, Region VI Female Offenders 39 J Juveniles III III III III Juveniles U.C.R. Juveniles Summary Juveniles Violent Juveniles Property 17 14 15.1-15.2 16.1-16.2 Juveniles Delinquent Act III Juveniles Summary 14 Juveniles - Dispositions III Dispositions - Provinces 14.1 Ill> Juvenile Offenders I U.C.R. Persons Charged 7.1-7.8

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX I TEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Language, Both English French VI VI VI Female Offenders Female Offenders Female Offenders 41 41 41 Length of Sentence VI IXB Female Offenders 45, 53 Corrections Sentences 81 Licence Suspended VI Female Offenders 34, 35 Life VI Female Offenders 44, 45, 53 Liquor Act VI Female Offenders 28, 29, 32 le Local govt expenditures, ' Policing Corrections Criminal Justice Constant Dollars VIII VIII VIII VIII Costs Costs Costs Costs 79.1 79.3 79.4a 79.5a Loss Economic VIIB C.U.V.S. 72 Males VI Female Offenders 29, 46-48, 53, 55-56 Charged non-report U.C.R. Persons Charged 7.1-7.6 VI Female Offenders 29 VIIA C.U.V.S. 67

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. M (cont.) Manslaughter 1 U.C.R. Violent 2.1-2.5 U.C.R. Provinces Violent 81.-8.12 Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, 42-43, 51, 54 Mandatory Supervision VI Female Offenders 57 IXC Corrections Release Type 82 Manitoba V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces 26.1-26.9 Marital Status, married VI Female Offenders 50 Montreal VIIA C.U.V.S. 65, 70, 77-78 Ill, Motor Vehicle Theft I U.C.R. Property 5.1-5.5 Il U.C.R. Provinces 11.1-11.12 III Juveniles Property 16.1-16.2 III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32 VIIA C.U.V.S. 60-61, 63, 65 VIIB C.U.V.S. 68, 70 VIIC C.U.V.S. 76 Municipal By-Laws I U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 III Juveniles Summary 14 ' VI Female Offenders 27 X Traffic Offences 83.3-83.6 Murder 1 U.C.R. Violent 2.1-2.5 U.C.R. Provinces Violent 8.1-8.12 U.C.R. Homicide Province 3.2 U.C.R. Provinces Homicide 13 Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, 42, 43, 51, 54 1111 Murder Attempted I U.C.R. Violent 2.1-2.5 II U.C.R. Provinces 8.1-8.12 III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32, 42-43, 51-54 111 Juveniles Violent 15.1-15.2

I TEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Narcotic Control Act I U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 IV Drugs U.C.R. 19 IV Drugs Adults 20 IV Drugs Juveniles 21 VI Female Offenders 42-43, 51-52, 54 National Parole Board VIII CJ Personnel 79 Native VI Female Offenders 40-41 Negative Attitude Police VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Neighbourhood Watch VIIC C.U.V.S. 78 New Brunswick V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces 26.1-26.9 Newfoundland V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces 26.1-26.9 111, Not Reported VIIA C.U.V.S. 61, 66-67 VIIB C.U.V.S. 69 Northwest Territories V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces 26.1-26.9 Nothing Taken, reason given VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Nova Scotia V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces 26.1-26.9

ITEM SECTION STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX CATEGORY TABLES NO. 0 Offences, All U.C.R. Summary U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces Property 1.1-1.5 4 10.1-10.12 12.1-12.12 Offences, Household VI IA VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 60 77 Offences, Personal VI IA VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 60 77 Offences, Property U.C.R. Summary U.C.R. Property 1.1-1.6 5.1-5.5, 6 Offences, Violent Summary U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Homicide U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces Homicide 1.1-1.5 2.1-2.4 3 4 8.1-8.12, 10.1-10.12 9.1-9.12 Offenders, Juvenile U.C.R. Persons Charged 7.1-7.6 On Register VI Female Offenders 46 Ontario Operation Identification V V VIIC Population Juveniles 25 Population Provinces 26.1-26.9 C.U.V.S. 78 Operating Motor Vehicle, criminal negligence X Traffic Offences 83.1-83.6 Other Crimes VI U.C.R. Summary Female Offenders 1.1-1.5 31-33, 42-43, 51, 54

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. 0 (Cont.) Other Drugs IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adult Drugs Juveniles 19 20 21 Other Sexual Offences I Il VI U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent Female Offenders 2.1-2.5 8.1-8.12 28-29, 32, 51, 54 Other Types of Release VI IXC Female Offenders Corrections Release Types 57 82 1110 12- Pacific, region VI Female Offenders 39 Parole VI IXC Female Offenders Corrections Release Type 57 82 Penitentiary Population VI Female Offenders 46 Per Capita VIII Costs 79.4b, 79.5b Person Year VIII CJ Personnel 79 Persons Charged, All I VI U.C.R. Persons Charged Female Offenders 7.1-7.8 28-29 Personal Crime VIM C.U.V.S. 72 Personal Matter, reason given VIIB C.U.V.S. 66 Personal Incidents VI 11: C.U.V.S. 76 Personal Offences VIIA C.U.V.S. 60 Ill, Personal Theft VIIA C.U.V.S. 60-62, 64-66

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. P (Cont.) Police couldn't do anything VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Police Officers Murdered U.C.R. Homicide 3.1 VIII CJ Personnel Homicide 79a, 79b Police Officers Murdered, Number of RCMP Population, By Age By Province Canada Juvenile Female Male Youth Possession of Stolen Goods Prairie Region VIII VIII VI CJ Personnel Homicide CJ Personnel Homicide Population, Province Population, Province Population Population Age Groups Population by Sex Population by Sex Population Age Groups U.C.R. Property U.C.R. Provinces Property Juveniles Property Juveniles U.C.R. Female Offenders 79a 79a 26.1-26.9 26.1-26.9 22 24 23 23 24 5.1-5.5 11.1-11.12 16.1-16.2 17 39 Prince Edward Island Population Juveniles 25 Population Provinces 26.1-26.9 Prison for Women VI Female Offenders 40-45 Procuring VI Female Offenders 36

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. P (Cont.) Property, Total VI U.C.R. Summary U.C.R. Property U.C.R. Provinces Property Juveniles Property Female Offenders 1.1-1.5 5.1-5.5, 6 11.1-11.12, 12.1-12.2 16 30-33, 52 Prostitution VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32 Protect Offender, reason given VIA C.U.V.S. 66 Provincial Govt Expenditure VIII Costs 79.1-79.4a, 79.5a Provincial Institutions VI Female Offenders 40-45 Provincial Statutes VI X U.C.R.. Summary Juveniles Summary Female Offenders Traffic Offences 1.1-1.5 14 27 83.1-83.6 Quebec. region VI Population Juveniles Population Provinces Female Offenders 25 26.1-26.9 39

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Race, Caucasian Native Other/Not Stated VI VI VI Female Offenders Female Offenders Female Offenders 40-41 40-41 40-41 Rape I I V I U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent Female Offenders 2.1-2.5 8.1-8.12 28-29, 32, 51, 54 R.C.M.P. Numbers of Murdered VIII CJ Personnel Homicide 79a VIII CJ Personnel Homicide 79.a Reasons, given VIIA VIIB C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 66-67 69 Recovery, economic VIIB C.U.V.S. 72 111, Relationship VI Female Offenders 37 Release, Revoked Successful Types of Time Served before IXC IXC VI IXC VI Corrections, Release Data 82.1-82.2 Corrections, Release Data 82.1-82.2 Female Offenders 57 Corections Release Type 82, 82.1-82.2 Female offenders 58 Reported VIIA VIIB C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 61, 68 70 Not VIIA VIIB C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 61, 66-77 69 Reported to Another Official VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Restricted Drugs IV IV IV Drugs U.C.R. Drugs Adults Drugs Juveniles 19 20 21 Revenge, fear of VIIA C.U.V.S. 67

ITEM T STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. Theft VI Female Offenders 28, 29, 32, 42, 43, 51 Motor Vehicle I U.C.R. Property 5.1-5.5 II U.C.R. Provinces Property 11.1-11.12 III Juveniles Property 16.1-16.2 III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 VI Female Offenders 28-29, 32 Other III Juveniles Property 16.1-16.2 Over & Under $200 1 U.C.R. Property 5.1-5.5 H U.C.R. Provinces Property 11.1-11.12 III III Juveniles Property Juveniles U.C.R. 16.1-16.2 17 Types of VIIB C.U.V.S. 71 Threats VIIB C.U.V.S. 75 Time Served VI Female Offenders 59 Too minor, reason given VIIA C.U.V.S. 66 Toronto VIIA C.U.V.S. 65 VIIB C.U.V.S. 70 VIIC C.U.V.S. 77-78 Total Crimes of Violence I U.C.R. Violent 2.1r-2.4 H U.C.R. Provinces Violent 8.1-8.12 H U.C.R. Provinces Homicide 9.1-9.12 H U.C.R. Provinces Violent 10.1-10.12 Total Criminal Code I U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 I U.C.R. Homicide 3 I U.C.R. Violent 4 H U.C.R. Provinces Homicide 9.1-9.12 H U.C.R. Provinces Violent 10.1-10.12 H U.C.R. Provinces Property 12.1-12.12

SECTION ITEM R (Cont.) STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX CATEGORY TABLES NO. Robbery Attempted Completed VI VI IA VIIB VIIC VIIB VIIB U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Juveniles Violent Female Offenders C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S 2.1-2.4 8.1-8.12 15.1-15.2, 17 28-29, 32, 51, 54 60-62, 64-66 68, 70, 74 76 74 74 le Saskatchewan Secretariat V V VIII Population Juvenile Population Provinces CJ Personnel 25 26.1-26.9 79 Sentence VI Female Offenders 53, 58 Separated/Divorced VI Female Offenders 50 Sexual, Assaults, Offences VI VI IA VIIB VIIC U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent Juveniles Violent Female Offenders C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 2.1L2.4 8.1-8.12 15.1-15.12 28-29, 32 60-62, 64-66 68, 70 76 Shooting VI Female Offenders 38 Shoplifting VI Female Offenders 28, 29, 32

STATISTICAL ITEM RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. S (Cont.) Single VI Female Offenders 50 Soliciting VI Female Offenders 36 St. John's VIIA C.U.V.S. 65, 70 VIIC C.U.V.S. 77-78 Stabbing VI Female Offenders 38 Statutes, Federal I U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 III Juveniles Summary 14 VI Female Offenders 27 X Traffic Offences 83.1-83.6 Provincial I U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 III Juveniles Summary 14 VI Female Offenders 27 X Traffic Offences 83.1-83.6 11) Stolen Goods, Possession of I U.C.R. Property 5.1-5.5 Il U.C.R. Provinces Property 11.1-11.12 III Juveniles Property 16.1-16.2 III Juveniles U.C.R. 17 Strangling VI Female Offenders 38 Successful Release IXC Corrections, Release Data 82.1-82.2 Suffocating VI Female Offenders 38

STATISTICAL ITEM RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. T (Cont. Total Federal Statutes 1 U.C.R. Summary 1.1-1.5 Total Homicide I U.C.R. Violent 2.1-2.5 Il U.C.R. Provinces 8.1-8.12 Total Property Offences I U.C.R. Property 5.1-5.5, 6 Transfer, Type of release VI Female Offenders 57 IXC Corrections Release Type 82 Type of Release IXC Corrections Release Type 82 u Unreported VIIA C.U.V.S. 61, 66-67 VIIB C.U.V.S. 69 V Vancouver VIIA C.U.V.S. 65 VIIB C.U.V.S. 70 VIIC C.U.V.S. 77-78 Vandalism VIIA C.U.V.S 60-61, 63, 65-66 Victims, Sex VIIA C.U.V.S 67 Killed VIII CJ Personnel Homicide 79b

STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX ITEM SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. V (Cont. Violence, total crime of U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Homicide U.C.R. Violent U.C.R. Provinces Violent U.C.R. Provinces Homicide U.C.R. Provinces Violent 2.1-2.4 3 4 8.1-8.12 9.1-9.12 10.1-10.12 Violent Offences VI Female Offenders 30-31, 33, 52 Violent Incidents VIIC C.U.V.S 76 Violent Other Juveniles Violent 15.1-15.2 Weapons, with no VIIB C.U.V.S. 74-75 Widowed VI Female Offenders 50 Winnipeg VIIA VIIB VIIC C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. C.U.V.S. 65 70 77-78 Wounding U.C.R. Violent 2.1-2.4 U.C.R. Provinces Violent 8.1-8.12 VI Female Offenders 28, 29, 32, 51, 54

ITEM STATISTICAL RESOURCE MANUAL INDEX SECTION CATEGORY TABLES NO. X Y Yukon V Population Juveniles 25 V Population Provinces 26.1-26.9

SOL GEN CANADA LIB/0 B_LIO 11 1 1 UM I I 0000019918 HV 7415 S8 1986 Statistical resource manual, 1986 DATE DUE