Causes of War Håvard Hegre and Håvard Mokleiv Nygård Syllabus January 10, 2012 The objective of this course is to make the student familiar with theoretical as well as empirical research on causes of internal and international conflicts. A secondary objective is to provide practical training in systematic search for literature and data and in conducting independent empirical study. Data sets are made available for the student s own analysis Topics A Short History of Warfare This section will provide the student with a rudimentary understanding of how warfare has evolved, we will examine trends, technology and organization. 1 lecture, lecturer: Håvard Mokleiv Nygård Lacina, Russett and Gleditsch (2006), 8 pages Kalyvas and Balcelles (2010), 14 pages Keegan (1983), 300 pages EASY READ! What is Conflict This section will introduce the students to the central issue and problems connected to how one defines, and measures conflict. 1 lecture, Håvard Strand Themnér and Wallensteen (2011), 11 pages Gleditsch et al. (2002), 22 pages Sambanis (2004), 43 pages Eck and Hultman (2007), 13 pages Fjelde and Nilsson (forthcoming), 25 pages 1
Bargaining and Conflict This section will introduce the students to the most important theories from the literature on bargaining theory and conflict. 1 lectures, lecturer: Håvard Hegre Blainey (1988, Chapter. 1), 29 pages Fearon (1995), 34 pages Gartzke (1999), 19 pages Wagner (2000), 15 pages Polarity, Balance of Power and Conflict This section will introduce the students to the most important theories from the literature on balance of power and conflict. 1 lectures, lecturer: Håvard Mokleiv Nygård Powell (1999, Chapters 1 and 3), 65 pages Waltz (1988), 13 pages Hegre (2008), 25 pages Development and Conflict This section will introduce students to central issues concerning the link between development and civil conflict. 1 lecture, Håvard Hegre Collier, Hoeffler and Rohner (2009), 29 pages Mousseau, Hegre and Oneal (2003), 38 pages Hegre et al. (forthcoming), 25 pages Gates et al. (forthcoming), 33 pages Fearon and Laitin (2003), 25 pages Gartzke (2007), 25 pages Ethnicity, Cleavages and Conflict This section will introduce students to central issues concerning the link between economic inequality and ethnic cleavages and conflict. 1 lecture, Nils Weidmann Brubaker (2002), 26 pages Cederman, Weidmann and Gleditsch (2011), 17 pages 2
Cederman, Wimmer and Min (2010), 32 pages Lyall (2010), 19 pages Weidmann (2009), 17 pages Weidmann (2011), 12 pages Regimes and Conflict This section will introduce students to central issues concerning regime types and conflict. The Democratic peace theory will also be covered. 1 lecture, Håvard Mokleiv Nygård Hegre et al. (2001), 15 pages Doyle (1986), 18 pages Russett and Oneal (2001), 30 pages Fearon (1994), 15 pages Snyder and Borghard (2011), 19 pages Bueno de Mesquita et al. (2003, chapter 6), 45 pages Bueno de Mesquita et al. (2004), 5 pages Geography and Conflict This section will introduce students to the growing scholarship on geographic and environmental issues connected to civil war. The section will also consider the recent debate on climate change and conflict 2 lectures, Halvard Buhaug. Buhaug (2010b), 21 pages Buhaug and Gleditsch (2008), 17 pages Burke et al. (2010), 4 pages Buhaug (2010a), 6 pages Buhaug et al. (forthcoming), 15 pages Buhaug and Gates (2002), 16 pages Homer-Dixon (1991), 30 pages Nordås and Gleditsch (2007), 9 pages Zhang et al. (2011), 5 pages 3
Recruitment to Conflict This section will discuss the microfoundations of conflict related to recruitment. How groups recruit and retain soldiers will be covered. 1 lecture, Scott Gates Kuran (1989), 32 pages Wood (2003, chapter 1), 30 pages Kalyvas and Kocher (2007), 14 pages Gates (2002), 19 pages Humphreys and Weinstein (2008), 19 pages Gates and Reich (2010, Chapters 1,5,8,14) Gates and Reich (2009) Review Summary and Review of class. 1 lecture, Håvard Mokleiv Nygård Total sum of pages = 1335 4
References Blainey, Geoffrey. 1988. The Causes of War. New York: The Free Press. Brubaker, Rogers. 2002. Ethnicity without Groups. European Journal of Sociology 43:163 189. Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, Alistair Smith, Randolph M. Siverson and James D. Morrow. 2003. The Logic of Political Survival. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, James D. Morrow, Randolph M. Siverson and Alastair Smith. 2004. Testing Novel Implications from the Selectorate Theory of War. World Politics 56(3):363 368. Buhaug, Halvard. 2010a. Climate not to blame for African civil wars. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Buhaug, Halvard. 2010b. Dude, Where s My Conflict? LSG, Relative Strength, and the Location of Civil War. Conflict Management and Peace Science 27:107 128. Buhaug, Halvard, Kristian S. Gleditsch, Helge Holtermann, Andreas F. Tollefsen and Gudrun Østby. forthcoming. It s the Local Economy, Stupid! Geographic Wealth Dispersion and Conflict Outbreak Location. Journal of Conflict Resolution. Buhaug, Halvard and Kristian Skrede Gleditsch. 2008. Contagion or Confusion? Why Conflicts Cluster in Space. International Studies Quarterly 52:215 233. Buhaug, Halvard and Scott Gates. 2002. The Geography of Civil War. Journal of Peace Research 39(4):417 433. Burke, Marshall B, Edward Miguel et N Nand Shanker Satyanath, John A. Dykema and David B. Lobell. 2010. Warming increases the risk of civil war in Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106(49):20670 20674. Cederman, Lars-Erik, Andreas Wimmer and Brian Min. 2010. Why do ethnic groups rebel? New data and analysis. World Politics 62(1):87 119. Cederman, Lars-Erik, Nils B. Weidmann and Kristian S. Gleditsch. 2011. Horizontal Inequalities and Ethnonationalist Civil War: A Global Comparison. American Political Science Review 105:478 495. Collier, Paul, Anke Hoeffler and Dominic Rohner. 2009. Beyond greed and grievance: feasibility and civil war. Oxford Economic Papers 61:1 27. Doyle, Michael W. 1986. 80(4):1151 1169. Liberalism and World Politics. American Political Science Review Eck, Kristine and Lisa Hultman. 2007. One-Sided Violence against Civilians in War: Insights from New Fatality Data. Journal of Peace Research 44(2):233 246. Fearon, James D. 1994. Domestic Political Audiences and the Escalation of International Disputes. American Political Science Review 88(3):577 592. 5
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