Nonimmigrant Admissions to the United States: Annual Flow Report

Annual Flow Report AUGUST 2008 Nonimmigrant Admissions to the United States: 2007 MAcREADIE BARR, KElly JEFFERyS, AND RANDAll MONGER Nonimmigrants are foreign nationals granted temporary entry into the United States. The major purposes for which nonimmigrant admission may be authorized include temporary visits for business or pleasure, academic or vocational study, temporary employment, and to act as a representative of a foreign government or international organization. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) collects information on the characteristics of certain nonimmigrant admissions, those recorded on the I-94 Arrival/Departure Record. This Office of Immigration Statistics Annual Flow Report presents information gathered from the I-94 on the number and characteristics of nonimmigrant admissions to the United States in 2007. 1 During 2007, there were 171 million nonimmigrant admissions to the United States according to DHS workload estimates. 2 These included tourists and business travelers from Canada, Mexican nationals with Border Crossing Cards, and all admissions requiring the submission of an I-94 form. I-94 admissions accounted for 22 percent (37 million) of the total admissions. The majority (90 percent) of I-94 admissions were shortterm visitors such as tourists and business travelers, while the remaining 10 percent (3.6 million) were temporary residents characterized by a longer duration of stay, such as specialty workers, students, and nurses (see Figure 1 and Table 1). The leading countries of citizenship for I-94 admissions were Mexico, the United Kingdom, and Japan. of admission include, but are not limited to, foreign government officials; temporary visitors for business or pleasure; aliens in transit; treaty traders and investors; 38.0 35.0 3 29.0 26.0 Figure 1. Nonimmigrant Admissions (I-94 Only): 1987 to 2007 Millions DEFINING NONIMMIGRANT A nonimmigrant is defined by section 101(a)(15) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) as an alien who is not an immigrant and is admitted in one of the nonimmigrant alien classes of admission. A person granted lawful permanent resident status 3 is authorized to live, work, and study in the U.S. permanently; conversely, a nonimmigrant is in a temporary status as a visitor or short-term resident in the U.S. for a specific purpose and whose activities, such as employment, travel, and accompaniment by dependents, are prescribed by his or her class of admission. The nonimmigrant classes 1 In this report, years refer to fiscal years (October 1 to September 30). 2 DHS Customs and Border Protection s Operations Management Reporting, FY2007. 3 Commonly referred to as a legal permanent resident (LPR) or green card recipient. 23.0 20.0 17.0 14.0 11.0 4.0 3.0 1.0 0.0 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007 Source: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Fiscal Years 1987 to 2007. I-94 admissions Non-resident admissions Resident admissions Office of Immigration Statistics POlIcy DIREcTORATE

academic and vocational students; temporary workers; exchange visitors; athletes and entertainers; victims of certain crimes; and family members of U.S. citizens, LPRs, and special immigrants. Maximum duration of stay is determined by class of admission. THE NONIMMIGRANT ADMISSIONS PROcESS Defining Admissions In this report, nonimmigrant admissions refer to number of events (i.e., entries into the U.S.) rather than persons. As such, one nonimmigrant may enter the U.S. more than once, and each entry would count as a separate admission record. Admission numbers presented in this report will differ from the number of Department of State visa issuances, which includes all visas that were issued regardless of whether the foreign national entered the United States. Eligibility In order to qualify for admission in a nonimmigrant status, a foreign national must meet all of the following criteria: provide evidence that the visit will be temporary, agree to depart at the end of the authorized stay, possess a valid passport, maintain a foreign residence (in most cases), be able to provide proof of financial support, be admissible to the U.S. or have gained a waiver for any grounds of inadmissibility, and abide by the terms and conditions of admission. Documentary Requirements Applicants for nonimmigrant admission are required to complete an I-94 form to enter the United States. However, Mexican nationals with Border Crossing Cards (when traveling within the border zone for a limited duration) and tourists and business travelers from Canada are generally exempt from the I-94 requirement. The Border Crossing Card (BCC) or laser visa issued to Mexican nationals is a machine readable card that is valid for 10 years and contains a biometric indicator, such as a fingerprint. Applicants for a BCC must meet the same qualifications as applicants for a B1/B2 visa (temporary visitor for business or pleasure), have a valid Mexican passport, and demonstrate that they have ties to Mexico that would compel them to return. I-94 Arrival/Departure Record Admissions. An I-94 form is required for all nonimmigrants entering the United States except the Canadian and Mexican citizens described above. The remainder of this report will focus on I-94 admissions. Visa Required If a visa is necessary for entry, the foreign national must apply at a U.S. embassy or consulate having jurisdiction over his or her country of residence. The Nonimmigrant Visa Application, Form DS-156, must be completed and signed for all applicants; further, an interview is required for all applicants aged 14 to 79 years. Possession of a visa allows a foreign national to travel to a U.S. port of entry but does not guarantee admission. A U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officer determines whether the nonimmigrant may enter the U.S. and the permitted duration of stay. Foreign nationals with a nonimmigrant visa must complete the I-94 form. Visa Waiver Program The Visa Waiver Program (VWP) allows nationals from participating countries to travel to the United States as tourists or business travelers without a visa for a period not to exceed 90 days. It was established, initially as a pilot program, in 1986 with the intent to eliminate barriers to travel, to facilitate tourism, and to promote better relations with U.S. allies. Qualified nationals of VWP participating countries must possess a machine readable passport valid for six months beyond their expected stay, travel on an approved carrier and possess a return trip ticket if arriving by air or sea, and demonstrate both intent to stay 90 days or less and sufficient funds to support themselves during their stay. Nationals from VWP countries must obtain a visa if they are traveling to the U.S. for a purpose other than tourism or business or if their stay will exceed 90 days. Those entering under the VWP must complete the I-94W form. In 2007, 27 countries participated in the visa waiver program: Andorra, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brunei, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, San Marino, Singapore, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 4 classes of Admission For the purpose of this report, nonimmigrant classes of admission are grouped into the following broad categories based on grounds for admission into the United States and expected duration of stay: short-term resident (herein referred to as residents), nonresident, and expected long-term resident. This categorization differentiates nonimmigrants who live in the United States while working or studying from other nonimmigrants. The former are usually considered U.S. residents for purposes of official population enumeration. Resident nonimmigrant classes of admission include temporary workers and trainees, students, treaty traders and investors, intracompany transferees, representatives of foreign media, exchange visitors, and others (see Appendix A). Non-resident nonimmigrant classes of admission include temporary visitors for business or pleasure, foreign nationals in transit through the United States, and commuter students. The expected long-term resident category includes fiancé(e)s of U.S. citizens and their children, and victims of trafficking and abuse. The majority of foreign nationals admitted in expected long-term classes are expected to apply for and be granted legal permanent resident status. 4 A similar visa-free entry program exists for nationals of certain countries seeking admission only to Guam the Guam Visa Waiver Program. In addition to the 27 counties included in the Visa Waiver Program, 10 more countries are included in the GVWP: Indonesia, Malaysia, Nauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, South Korea, Solomon Islands, Taiwan, and Vanuatu. The vast majority of GVWP admissions are processed through Agana, Guam. 2 DHS Office of Immigration Statistics

DATA The data in this report were obtained from the Treasury Enforcement Communications System (TECS) of CBP which compiles and maintains information collected from nonimmigrants on the I-94 Arrival/Departure Record. Information collected on the I-94 form includes arrival and departure dates, port of entry, class of admission, country of citizenship, state of destination, age, and gender. TRENDS AND characteristics OF NONIMMIGRANT ADMISSIONS Between 2006 and 2007, I-94 admissions increased 10 percent from 33.7 to 37.1 million. Although I-94 admissions declined following the events of September 11, 2001; by 2007, the number had increased to exceed the previous peak observed in 2000 (see Figure 1). During the 20-year period from 1987 to 2007, the annual number of I-94 admissions increased threefold. As outlined under the section titled Classes of Admission, I-94 admissions have been divided into resident, non-resident, and expected long-term resident categories. Residents accounted for between 9 and 10 percent of I-94 admissions in each year from 2005 to 2007 (see Table 1). During this period, non-residents represented 90 percent of annual I-94 admissions, while expected long-term residents accounted for only two- to three-tenths of a percent. Resident and non-resident admissions are discussed separately below; the expected long-term resident category is not included due to low admission numbers. Table 1. Nonimmigrant Admissions (I-94 only) by category of Admission: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 category of admission Total....................................................... 37,149,651 33,667,328 32,003,435 Non-residents................................................. 89.6 89.7 89.8 Temporary visitors for pleasure.................................... Temporary visitors for business... Transit aliens... Commuter students............................................ Short-term residents............................................. 27,486,177 5,418,884 396,383 310 74.0 14.6 9.6 24,788,438 5,030,779 378,749 188 73.6 14.9 9.4 23,701,858 4,684,164 361,597 33 74.1 14.6 9.1 Temporary workers and families................................... 1,932,075 5.2 1,709,268 5.1 1,572,863 4.9 Students.................................................... Exchange visitors... Diplomats and other representatives... Other... Expected long-term residents...................................... Alien fiancé(e)s of U.S. citizens and children... Alien spouses of U.S. citizens and children, immigrant visa pending... Alien spouses of U.S. permanent residents and children, 841,673 489,286 303,290 43 76,158 38,507 18,495 0.8 740,724 427,067 292,846 151 76,783 34,947 18,431 2.2 0.9 663,919 382,463 287,484 193 84,802 38,027 20,347 2.1 0.9 immigrant visa pending... Other... Unknown... 19,099 57 205,372 0.6 23,348 57 222,335 0.7 26,380 48 264,059 0.8 Represents zero or rounds to 0.0. Note: Excludes the majority of short-term admissions from Canada and Mexico. See Appendix A for classes included in each category. DHS Office of Immigration Statistics 3

Table 2. Short-term Resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by class of Admission: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 class of admission Total....................................................... Temporary workers and families.................................... Temporary workers and trainees.................................. Specialty occupations (H1B)................................... Chile and Singapore Free Trade Agreement (H1B1)................... Registered nurses participating in the Nursing Relief 1,932,075 1,118,138 461,730 170 54.2 31.4 12.9 1,709,268 985,456 431,853 129 53.9 3 13.6 1,572,863 882,957 407,418 47 54.1 30.4 14.0 for Disadvantaged Areas (H1C)................................ Seasonal workers 1.......................................... 49 242,211 6.8 24 180,503 5.7 31 129,327 4.4 Seasonal agricultural workers (H2A)........................... 87,316 2.4 46,432 1.5 NA NA Seasonal nonagricultural workers and returning H2B workers (H2B,H2R)... Trainees (H3)... Workers with extraordinary ability or achievement and their assistants 154,895 5,540 4.3 134,071 4,134 4.2 NA 2,938 NA (O1,O2)... Internationally recognized athletes or entertainers (P1)... Artists or entertainers in reciprocal exchange or culturally unique programs 46,533 53,050 1.5 41,536 46,205 1.5 37,350 43,766 1.5 (P2,P3)................................................. Workers in international cultural exchange programs (Q1).............. 16,735 2,412 17,234 2,423 15,259 2,575 Workers in religious occupations (R1)............................ 25,162 0.7 22,706 0.7 22,362 0.8 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) professional workers (TN)... Spouses and children of temporary workers and trainees 85,142 2.4 73,880 64,713 2.2 (H4,O3,P4,R2,TD)... Intracompany transferees....................................... 179,404 531,073 5.0 14.9 164,829 466,009 5.2 14.7 157,171 455,350 5.4 15.7 Intracompany transferees (L1)... Spouses and children of intracompany transferees (L2)... Treaty traders and investors and spouses and children (E1 to E3).......... Representatives of foreign media and spouses and children (I1)........... Students... Academic students (F1)...................................... Vocational students (M1)..................................... Spouses and children of academic and vocational students (F2,M2)...... Exchange visitors... Exchange visitors (J1)... Spouses and children of exchange visitors (J2)... Diplomats and other representatives... Ambassadors, staff, and families (A1 to A3)... 363,536 167,537 238,936 43,928 841,673 787,756 13,073 40,844 489,286 443,482 45,804 303,290 163,476 1 4.7 6.7 23.6 22.1 0.4 13.7 12.4 4.6 320,829 145,180 216,842 40,961 740,724 693,805 10,384 36,535 427,067 385,286 41,781 292,846 158,129 1 4.6 6.8 2 21.9 13.5 12.2 9.2 5.0 312,144 143,206 192,824 41,732 663,919 621,178 8,378 34,363 382,463 342,742 39,721 287,484 156,945 10.7 4.9 6.6 1.4 22.8 21.4 13.2 11.8 1.4 9.9 5.4 Representatives to international organizations and their spouses, children, and attendants (G1 to G5)................................... 120,926 117,525 3.7 115,116 4.0 NATO officials and their families (N1 to N7)........................ Other... 18,888 43 17,192 151 15,423 193 NA Not available Represents zero or rounds to 0.0. 1 Data are not available separately for 2005. SHORT-TERM RESIDENT ADMISSIONS Resident nonimmigrant admissions increased 13 percent from 3.2 million in 2006 to 3.6 million in 2007, continuing a longterm upward trend (see Figure 1). Resident admissions increased each year between 2003 and 2007 (following a post-2001 decline), for a total increase of 32 percent. From 1987 to 2007, the annual number of resident nonimmigrant admissions increased almost fourfold. class of Admission The leading resident nonimmigrant categories in 2007 were temporary workers and families (54 percent) and students (24 percent) (see Table 2). These two categories accounted for over three-quarters of resident admissions. This composition remained relatively unchanged from 2005 to 2007. Admissions of temporary workers and trainees increased 13 percent from 2006 to 2007. This increase can be primarily attributed to the following classes: H2A (31 percent), H1B (23 percent), H2B/ H2R (16 percent). Although seasonal agricultural workers (H2A) comprised only 7.8 percent of temporary worker admissions in 2007, the number of entries under this class increased 88 percent from 2006 to 2007. Student admissions rose 14 percent from 2006 to 2007, and 93 percent of that increase reflected academic student entries (F1). Entries of intracompany transferees (L1) grew 13 percent from 2006 to 2007, and exchange visitor admissions (J1) increased 15 percent during the same period. 4 DHS Office of Immigration Statistics

country of citizenship The leading countries of citizenship for resident nonimmigrant admissions to the United States in 2007 were India (11 percent), Mexico (11 percent), Japan (7.5 percent), and the United Kingdom (6.3 percent) (see Table 3). These four countries accounted for more than one-third of resident nonimmigrant admissions to the United States. From 2006 to 2007, the largest increases in resident nonimmigrant admissions occurred among citizens from Mexico (36 percent increase), India (30 percent increase), and China (27 percent increase). The increase in admissions from Mexico was largely accounted for by seasonal workers (H2 classes) and academic students (F1). The increase from India was primarily attributable to workers in specialty occupations (H1B), academic students (F1), and intracompany tranferees (L1). Admissions from China were concentrated among academic students (F1), exchange visitors (J1), and workers in specialty occupations (H1B). Japan was the only top ten sending country to show a decline in admissions, and the decline was concentrated among the treaty trader and investor (E1) and intracompany transferee (L1) classes of admission. Select classes of Admission by country of citizenship The leading countries of citizenship for H1B admissions in 2007 were India (34 percent), Canada (5.7 percent), and the United Kingdom (5.5 percent) (see Table 4). Nationals from these three countries accounted for 45 percent of H1B admissions. From 2006 to 2007, H1B admissions from India increased 25 percent (32,000 admissions). Nearly half of academic student admissions (F1) were nationals of five countries: South Korea (15 percent), India (9.4 percent), China ( percent), Japan (8.2 percent), and Mexico (7 percent) (see Table 5). Since 2005, Mexico, China, and India have shown consistent increases in F1 admissions, while admissions from Japan have declined. Table 3. Short-term Resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by country of citizenship: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 country of citizenship Total... India... Mexico............. Japan.............. United Kingdom... Korea, South......... Canada... Germany............ China.............. France... Brazil... Other... Unknown... 403,106 378,612 268,914 226,262 211,013 209,464 151,690 136,886 115,309 80,695 1,365,421 18,995 1 10.6 7.5 6.3 5.9 5.9 4.3 3.8 3.2 38.3 309,501 278,947 269,040 217,776 186,944 192,380 142,076 107,902 106,025 73,949 1,268,630 16,886 9.8 8.8 6.9 5.9 6.1 4.5 3.3 40.0 262,566 210,457 257,853 219,185 165,968 183,117 136,264 86,654 101,181 66,341 1,199,736 17,600 9.0 7.2 8.9 7.5 5.7 6.3 4.7 3.0 3.5 4 0.6 Table 4. H1B Specialty Worker Admissions by country of citizenship: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 country of citizenship Total... India... Canada... United Kingdom... Mexico............. China.............. Other... Unknown... 461,730 157,613 26,209 25,507 18,165 16,628 216,343 1,265 34.1 5.7 5.5 3.9 3.6 46.9 431,853 125,717 24,912 28,002 17,654 14,548 219,717 1,303 29.1 5.8 6.5 4.1 50.9 407,418 102,382 24,086 30,755 17,063 11,801 219,796 1,535 25.1 5.9 7.5 4.2 2.9 53.9 0.4 Table 5. F1 Academic Student Admissions by country of citizenship: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 country of citizenship Total... Korea, South......... India... China.............. Japan.............. Mexico............. Other... Unknown... 787,756 117,446 74,276 67,303 64,641 54,836 404,520 4,734 14.9 9.4 8.2 7.0 51.4 0.6 693,805 101,705 59,878 49,095 69,652 33,539 375,368 4,568 14.7 8.6 7.1 10.0 4.8 54.1 0.7 621,178 86,680 52,793 37,242 72,203 23,594 344,390 4,276 14.0 6.0 11.6 3.8 55.4 0.7 DHS Office of Immigration Statistics 5

State of Destination The most frequent destinations of resident nonimmigrant admissions in 2007 were California (14 percent), New York (13 percent), Texas (8.2 percent), Florida (7.7 percent), and New Jersey (4.4 percent) (see Table 6). These five states represented the destinations of nearly 50 percent of foreign nationals admitted. Port of Entry The majority of resident nonimmigrants were admitted through the following ports of entry: New York (17 percent), Los Angeles (8.6 percent), Chicago (8.3 percent), Miami (7.2 percent), Newark (6.7 percent), and Washington, D.C. (6 percent) (see Table 7). In 2007, these six ports represented over half (53 percent) of resident admissions. Age and Gender In 2007, more than half (56 percent) of resident admissions were accounted for by individuals aged 25 to 44 (see Table 8). Another 22 percent of admissions were persons aged 18 to 24. The majority (61 percent) of resident nonimmigrant admissions were males (see Table 9). Table 6. Short-term Resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by State of Destination: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 State of destination Total... California... New York... 510,887 477,225 14.3 1 455,070 431,220 14.4 13.6 394,312 401,020 13.6 13.8 Texas................. 293,897 8.2 237,928 7.5 211,458 7.3 Florida... New Jersey............. Massachusetts... Illinois... Virginia................ Michigan............... Pennsylvania............ Other... Unknown... 272,923 157,535 141,527 122,735 115,695 101,397 96,686 1,204,433 71,427 7.7 4.4 4.0 3.2 2.8 2.7 33.8 250,131 136,670 128,498 108,279 105,900 93,077 86,959 1,066,799 69,525 7.9 4.3 4.1 3.3 2.9 2.7 33.7 2.2 243,789 124,206 122,930 98,970 97,343 90,006 81,081 974,920 66,887 8.4 4.3 4.2 3.3 3.1 2.8 33.5 Table 7. Short-term Resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by Port of Entry: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 Port of entry Total... New York, NY... Los Angeles, CA... Chicago, IL... Miami, FL... 592,907 305,214 294,245 258,050 16.6 8.6 8.3 7.2 527,021 285,905 260,281 245,525 16.6 9.0 8.2 7.7 488,456 265,779 241,157 248,272 16.8 9.1 8.3 Newark, NJ............. 238,384 6.7 210,243 6.6 185,544 6.4 Washington, DC.......... 214,178 6.0 191,854 6.1 179,500 6.2 San Francisco, CA........ 203,232 5.7 174,556 5.5 171,208 5.9 Atlanta, GA............. 166,283 4.7 157,626 5.0 144,862 5.0 Houston, TX... Detroit, MI... Other... Unknown... 139,344 115,200 1,030,104 9,226 3.9 3.2 28.9 120,215 108,165 883,857 4,808 3.8 27.9 106,836 110,343 756,984 7,981 3.7 3.8 26.0 Table 8. Short-term Resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by Age: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 Age Total... Under 18 years...................................... 18 to 24 years... 25 to 34 years... 35 to 44 years... 45 to 54 years... 55 to 64 years... 65 years and over.................................... Unknown... 297,342 790,955 1,263,655 730,876 334,716 118,118 26,257 4,448 8.3 22.2 35.4 2 9.4 3.3 0.7 268,941 674,135 1,127,800 658,364 302,901 110,349 22,858 4,708 2 35.6 20.8 9.6 3.5 0.7 254,130 580,730 1,035,262 613,686 289,119 106,844 22,940 4,211 8.7 20.0 35.6 2 9.9 3.7 0.8 Table 9. Short-term Resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by Gender: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 Gender Total... Male... Female............................................ Unknown... 2,176,405 1,350,849 39,113 61.0 37.9 1,930,791 1,205,709 33,556 60.9 38.0 1,760,722 1,115,594 30,606 60.6 38.4 6 DHS Office of Immigration Statistics

NON-RESIDENT ADMISSIONS Trends in non-resident admissions paralleled trends in resident admissions. Non-resident admissions increased 10 percent from 3 million in 2006 to 33.3 million in 2007 (see Figure 1). Admissions declined following the events of September 11, 2001, but subsequently increased each year between 2003 and 2007. In 2007, non-resident admissions surpassed the previous annual high of 30.9 million observed in 2000. During the 20-year period from 1987 to 2007, annual non-resident admissions increased threefold. class of Admission The leading non-resident nonimmigrant categories in 2007 were temporary visitors for pleasure (83 percent) and temporary visitors for business (16 percent) (see Table 10). These categories accounted for nearly all non-resident admissions. Admissions of temporary visitors for pleasure increased 11 percent from 2006 to 2007 largely due to a 16 percent increase in B2 admissions. Temporary visitor for business admissions increased 8 percent, due in part to a 10 percent increase in B1 admissions. country of citizenship In 2007, the leading countries of citizenship for non-resident admissions were Mexico (21 percent), the United Kingdom (15 percent), and Japan (12 percent) (see Table 11). These three countries accounted for the citizenship of nearly half of all nonresident admissions. Admissions of Mexican nationals increased 20 percent from 2006 to 2007, while entries by nationals of Japan declined 4.6 percent. During this same period, admissions of French nationals increased 20 percent, and admissions of Italian nationals increased 18 percent. Table 10. Non-resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by class of Admission: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 class of admission Total.......................................................... Temporary visitors for pleasure........................................ 27,486,177 82.5 24,788,438 82.1 23,701,858 82.4 Temporary visitors for pleasure (B2).................................. 13,087,974 39.3 11,269,933 37.3 9,758,617 33.9 Visa Waiver Program - temporary visitors for pleasure (WT).................. Guam Visa Waiver Program - temporary visitors for pleasure to Guam (GT)... Temporary visitors for business... Temporary visitors for business (B1).................................. Visa Waiver Program - temporary visitors for business (WB)... 13,469,851 928,352 5,418,884 2,928,875 2,486,015 40.4 2.8 16.3 8.8 7.5 12,827,677 690,828 5,030,779 2,673,309 2,355,332 42.5 16.7 8.9 7.8 13,462,507 480,734 4,684,164 2,432,587 2,249,816 46.8 1.7 16.3 7.8 Guam Visa Waiver Program - temporary visitors for business to Guam (GB)...... 3,994 2,138 1,761 Transit aliens... Aliens in continuous and immediate transit through the United States (C1)...... 396,383 376,451 378,749 357,682 361,597 343,609 Aliens in transit to the United Nations (C2)............................. 2,914 2,854 2,379 Foreign government officials, their spouses, children, and attendants in transit (C3)...................................... Commuter Students... Canadian or Mexican national academic commuter students (F3)............. Canadian or Mexican national vocational commuter students (M3)............ 17,018 310 307 3 18,213 188 188 15,609 33 33 Represents zero or rounds to 0.0. Table 11. Non-resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by country of citizenship: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 country of citizenship Total... Mexico............................................. United Kingdom... Japan.............................................. Germany............................................ France... Italy... Korea, South......................................... Australia............................................ Brazil... Netherlands... Other... Unknown... 6,978,277 4,888,077 3,851,493 1,686,278 1,294,853 837,921 813,707 753,482 696,962 658,090 10,764,044 78,570 21.0 14.7 11.6 5.1 3.9 2.5 2.4 2.1 3 5,822,011 4,716,936 4,036,212 1,560,568 1,082,521 709,409 752,321 695,696 619,173 597,146 9,533,740 72,421 19.3 15.6 1 5.2 3.6 2.5 2.1 31.6 4,517,258 4,854,363 4,140,354 1,573,200 1,204,740 763,018 707,138 650,559 563,204 594,415 9,092,174 87,229 15.7 16.9 14.4 5.5 4.2 2.7 2.5 2.1 31.6 DHS Office of Immigration Statistics 7

State of Destination The primary destination states for nonresident admissions in 2007 were California (17 percent), Florida (15 percent), New York (13 percent), and Texas (7.5 percent) (see Table 12). These four states accounted for the destination of more than half of non-resident admissions. Entries to the following states increased from 2006 to 2007: Arizona (19 percent), Texas (14 percent), New York (13 percent), California (12 percent), and Florida (10 percent). Admissions to Hawaii declined 4 percent during the same period. Port of Entry The leading ports of entry for non-resident admissions in 2007 were New York, NY (12 percent), Miami, FL (11 percent), and Los Angeles, CA (9.4 percent) (see Table 13). These three ports of entry accounted for onethird of non-resident admissions. New York, NY and Newark, NJ admissions increased 14 percent each between 2006 and 2007, while entries through Honolulu, HI declined 4 percent. Age and Gender In 2007, 60 percent of non-resident admissions consisted of foreign nationals aged 25 to 54, an additional 20 percent were aged 55 and over, and 11 percent were under the age of 18 (see Table 14). More than half (52 percent) of all non-resident admissions were accounted for by males (see Table 15). Table 12. Non-resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by State of Destination: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 State or territory of destination Total... California... Florida... New York... 5,703,600 5,088,441 4,290,067 17.1 15.3 12.9 5,080,270 4,641,861 3,789,639 16.8 15.4 12.5 4,283,252 4,752,735 3,704,587 14.9 16.5 12.9 Texas............ 2,510,085 7.5 2,196,467 7.3 1,885,131 6.6 Hawaii... Nevada........... Guam............ Arizona........... Illinois... New Jersey........ Other... Unknown... 1,570,786 1,145,997 1,136,430 851,068 766,826 719,617 5,975,043 3,543,794 4.7 2.6 2.2 17.9 10.6 1,635,475 1,038,794 1,120,128 715,505 675,847 628,710 5,373,158 3,302,300 5.4 3.7 2.4 2.2 2.1 17.8 10.9 1,751,663 981,414 1,060,550 534,570 643,038 579,872 5,095,328 3,475,512 6.1 3.7 1.9 2.2 17.7 12.1 Table 13. Non-resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by Port of Entry: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 Port of entry Total... New York, NY... Miami, FL... Los Angeles, CA... 4,008,426 3,683,012 3,128,031 1 1 9.4 3,514,016 3,322,930 3,093,563 11.6 11.0 1 3,502,412 3,352,635 3,169,805 12.2 11.7 11.0 Newark, NJ........ 1,722,097 5.2 1,511,231 5.0 1,492,831 5.2 Honolulu, HI... Chicago, IL... 1,493,513 1,419,825 4.5 4.3 1,555,247 1,322,232 5.2 4.4 1,659,224 1,375,429 5.8 4.8 San Francisco, CA... 1,402,755 4.2 1,275,961 4.2 1,257,583 4.4 Atlanta, GA........ 1,248,063 3.7 1,080,704 3.6 960,804 3.3 Agana, Guam... Houston, TX... Other... Unknown... 1,179,431 1,040,405 12,924,467 51,729 3.5 3.1 38.8 1,194,678 919,575 11,368,869 39,148 4.0 3.0 37.6 1,153,443 880,381 9,899,138 43,967 4.0 3.1 34.4 Table 14. Non-resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by Age: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 Age Total... Under 18 years..... 18 to 24 years... 25 to 34 years... 35 to 44 years... 45 to 54 years... 55 to 64 years... 65 years and over... Unknown... 3,697,774 2,667,267 7,008,076 7,294,564 5,768,270 4,189,264 2,628,329 48,210 1 8.0 21.0 21.9 17.3 12.6 7.9 3,407,236 2,407,425 6,425,006 6,573,291 5,147,325 3,812,572 2,378,311 46,988 1 8.0 2 21.8 17.0 12.6 7.9 3,342,690 2,257,354 6,176,971 6,159,700 4,844,031 3,657,187 2,268,062 41,657 11.6 7.9 21.5 21.4 16.9 12.7 7.9 8 DHS Office of Immigration Statistics

Table 15. Non-resident Nonimmigrant Admissions by Gender: Fiscal years 2005 to 2007 Gender Total... Male... Female............................................ Unknown... 17,318,208 15,394,391 589,155 5 46.2 1.8 15,757,616 13,995,808 444,730 52.2 46.3 1.5 14,943,924 13,411,265 392,463 5 46.7 1.4 Appendix A. Nonimmigrant classes of Admission Continued class Description Non-residents Temporary visitors for pleasure B2 WT GT.............. Temporary visitors for pleasure Visa Waiver Program temporary visitors for pleasure Guam Visa Waiver Program temporary visitors for pleasure to Guam Temporary visitors for business B1 WB GB......... Temporary visitors for business Visa Waiver Program temporary visitors for business Guam Visa Waiver Program temporary visitors for business to Guam Transit aliens C1 C2 C3........................ Aliens in continuous and immediate transit through the United States Aliens in transit to the United Nations Foreign government officials, their spouses, children, and attendants in transit Commuter students F3... M3........ Canadian or Mexican national academic commuter students Canadian or Mexican national vocational commuter students Short-term Residents Temporary workers and families Temporary workers and trainees H1B....... H1B1...... H1C....... H2A....... H2B....... H2R....... H3........ H4........ O1........ O2........ O3........ P1... P2... P3... P4... Q1........ R1........ R2........ TN... TD... Temporary workers with specialty occupation Chile and Singapore Free Trade Agreement aliens Registered nurses participating in the Nursing Relief for Disadvantaged Areas Seasonal agricultural workers Seasonal nonagricultural workers Returning H2B workers Trainees Spouses and children of H1, H2, or H3 Workers with extraordinary ability or achievement Workers accompanying and assisting in performance of O1 workers Spouses and children of O1 and O2 Internationally recognized athletes or entertainers Artists or entertainers in reciprocal exchange programs Artists or entertainers in culturally unique programs Spouses and children of P1, P2, or P3 Workers in international cultural exchange programs Workers in religious occupations Spouses and children of R1 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) professional workers Spouses and children of TN Intracompany transferees L1... L2... Intracompany transferees Spouses and children of L1 Treaty traders and investors E1... E2... E3... Treaty traders and their spouses and children Treaty investors and their spouses and children Australian Free Trade Agreement principals, spouses and children DHS Office of Immigration Statistics 9

Appendix A. Nonimmigrant classes of Admission Continued Representatives of foreign information media I1......... Representatives of foreign information media and spouses and children Students F1... F2... M1........ M2........ Academic students Spouses and children of F1 Vocational students Spouses and children of M1 Exchange visitors J1... J2... Exchange visitors Spouses and children of J1 Diplomats and other representatives A1... A2... A3... G1........ G2........ G3........ G4........ G5........ N1 to N7... Ambassadors, public ministers, career diplomatic or consular officers and their families Other foreign government officials or employees and their families Attendants, servants, or personal employees of A1 and A2 and their families Principals of recognized foreign governments Other representatives of recognized foreign governments Representatives of nonrecognized or nonmember foreign governments International organization officers or employees Attendants, servants, or personal employees of representatives North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) officials, spouses, and children Other categories Q2........ Q3........ Irish Peace Process Cultural and Training Program aliens Spouses and children of Q2 Expected Long-term Residents Legal Immigration Family Equity (LIFE) Act K1........ K2........ K3........ K4........ V1 to V3.... Fiancé(e)s of U.S. citizens Children of K1 Spouses of U.S. citizens, immigrant visa pending Children of K3, immigrant visa pending Spouses and children of permanent residents, immigrant visa pending Other categories N8........ N9........ Parents of international organization special immigrants Children of N8 or international organization special immigrants Source: U.S. Department of Homeland Security. 10 DHS Office of Immigration Statistics