Biometric voting Machine using UID(Aadhar)

Biometric voting Machine using UID(Aadhar) Mr. Akash Barne 1, Mr. Bhagyesh Daga 1, Mr. Onkar Kapse 1, Ms. Pallavi Gaikwad 1 Department of Computer Engineering, D.Y.Patil College of Engineering, Akurdi ABSTRACT It has always been difficult task for the election commission to conduct free and fair polls in India. Huge amount of cost is spent to make sure that the elections are riot free[3]. proposed project aims to present a new voting system employing finger print and QR code authentication in order to avoid rigging and to enhance the accuracy and speed of the process. The system uses finger print and QR code of Aadhar card for voter identification as we know that the finger print of every human being has a unique pattern and QR code of any ID is also unique[3]. Thus, it would have an edge over the present-day EVM. Voter s scan their QR code Of Aadhar card as input it will gives details of voter and system will extract Aadhar number which is unique for every voter. Database consisting of the finger print of all the eligible voters in a constituency is created. During elections, the finger print of a voter is entered as input to the system. This is then compared with corresponding finger print of Aadhar number which extracted during scanning of QR code[3]. If the input pattern matches with pattern in the available record, access to cast a vote is granted. If the finger print doesn t match with the records of the database or in case of repetition, access to cast a vote is denied or the vote gets rejected. Voter will be provided with feedback of their voting i.e. candidate Name to which vote has been casted will be displayed. General Terms: Pattern Recognition, QR code Recognition, Identification. Keywords: Finger Print, QR code, Biometric, voting machine, Aadhar, Arduino Mega, Authentication. 1. INTRODUCTION The biometric is a technology that analyze the biological data. In the modern comm. approximately it has accessible electronically, users of computer, it has increment in e-services and with the security system[2]. It improves in the security of election process with the help of new technologies in voting system. The information about voter data is stored, recorded and processed the above information in digital format. In traditional system the information security is with the help of instructions of the government. The human body characteristic like DNA, fingerprints, voice patterns, iris pattern and hand measurements is used for authentication purpose[3]. The electronic services and information security are making sure that data, communication, have the security and privacy enable. This system is designed for voting machine by using the fingerprint Matching and QR-code Scanning method. Here voter s finger print and QR Code Of UID(Aadhar) are used for identification. Voter scan their QR code Of Aadhar as input it will gives details of voter and system will extract Aadhar number which is unique for every voter. During voting when the voter places his/her finger on the scanner then system will then compared with corresponding finger print of Aadhar number which extracted during scanning of QR code. If it matches then system will allow the voter to poll his vote and otherwise prevent the voter from polling[3]. Literature survey: Authentication of Swipe Fingerprint Scanners. IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security Nov.2017. This paper presents swipe fingerprint scanners (sensors) can be distinguished based on their scanner pattern-a sufficiently unique, persistent, and unalterable intrinsic characteristic even to scanners of the same technology, manufacturer, and model. The method is extremely simple and computationally efficient as it based on movingaverage filtering, yet it is very accurate and achieves an equal error rate below 0.1% for 27 swipe fingerprint scanners of exactly the same model[1]. Electronic Voting Machine A Review Volume: 3 Issue 4 - December 2018 111

International Conference on Pattern Recognition, Informatics and Medical Engineering, March 21-23, 2012. Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) is a electronic device used to cast votes in place of ballot papers and boxes which were used before in conventional voting system. All earlier elections be it state elections or centre elections a voter used to vote his/her favorite candidate by putting the stamp against his/her name and then fold the ballot paper and drop it in Ballot Box. This is a time consuming process and very much prone to errors and fake voting. all this condensed into a simple box called ballot unit of the EVM(electronic voting machine). Because biometric identifiers cannot be easily misplaced, forged, they are considered more reliable for person recognition than traditional token or knowledge based methods. So the Electronic voting system has to be improved based on the current technologies viz., eletronic system. This article discusses complete review about voting devices, Issues and comparison among the voting methods and EVM[2]. AADHAR based Electronic Voting Machine using Arduino. International Of Journal Computer Applications July,2016. This paper describes an online voting system for Indian election is proposed for the first time. In the voting system the users should login by Aadhar card number and password and select his/her favorable candidate to cast the vote to him. This provides a higher security in the sense that voter high security password is confirmed before the vote is casted in the main database of ECI. The extra feature of the model is that the voter will ensure if his vote has casted to correct candidate. The votes are going to be done automatically, therefore saving time and facultative ECI to announce the result in a very short interval of time[3]. Biometric Voting System using Adhar Card in India. International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 4, April 2016. This system was developed in Microsoft visual studio with help of ASP.NET and SQL server. It has 3 mode of operation. Admin mode: Used for Configuration of Voting Machine. Test mode: used for demonstration of voting machines to candidates for checking working of voting machines status. User mode: Used for actual voting process. It has reliable and high speed execution unit.cost is low as compared to EVM. Less human intervention in polling process. Correlation-Based matching algorithm is used for authentication of Finger Print. Less secure due to high possibility of cyber attack[4]. SR. No. Title,Conference and Publication year Description Advantages and Disadvantages 1 Vladimir I. Ivanov and John S. Baras, Life Fellow, Authentication of Swipe Fingerprint Scanners" DOI 10.1109/TIFS.2017.2702592, IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security. In this paper, author evolves a new technique which includes preprocessing, averaging, filtering, masking, matching based on two methods. One is averaging along and the another is linear approximation. To improve the robustness and performances in boundary cases, masking is performed. In matching module, computes a similarity score between the scanner patterns extracted from two images. 1. This technique providing an Equal Error Rate(EER) below 10 3 on a large number of fingerprint scanners of the same acquisition technology. 2. Scalability increases due to one-dimensional signal processing and avoiding any transforms. 2 D.Ashok Kumar andt. Ummal Sariba Begum, Electronic Voting Machine A Review International Conference on Pattern Recognition, In this paper different kind of election process are discussed here such as Ballot paper, EVM, Diebold with paper, Diebold without paper, Biometric EVM. Also Volume: 3 Issue 4 - December 2018 112

Informatics and Medical Engineering, March 21-23, 2012. discussed issues of EVM, Ballot paper. Diebold election system used in Brazil also called as Direct Recording electronic (DRE).Diebold AccVote machine is used in Maryland. This also called paper less DRE. 3 Sarankumar.V, Sasikumar.M, Ramprabu.K and Mr. S. Gladwin Moses Stephen Aadhar Based Electronic Voting System Using Biometric Authentication and IoT", International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering Research (IJRTER), Special Issue; March - 2017 [ISSN: 2455-1457]. This system build by use of the RFID tag, arduino mega. The RFID tag scans and the binary data is stored in the memory. The fingerprint scanner scans finger print two times store it in finger library. At the time of matching, the system will generate new template of finger and compare it with templates in finger library. For the transmission of data in serial way, from optical scanner to arduino the RS232 cable is used for serial transmission of binary stream 1. The use of voice and fingerprint for the authentication purpose. 2. Transparency between the user and system is carried out through the SMS sent through the GSM module. 1. The devices integrated in this prototype need to be upgraded to more robust and durable. 2. fingerprint device used can store a total of 256 fingerprints. 4 Soumyajit Chakraborty, Siddhartha Mukherjee, Bhaswati Sadhukhan and Kazi Tanvi Yasmin, Biometric Voting System using Adhar Card in India", International Journal of Innovative Re search in Computer and Communication Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 4, April 2016. This system was developed in Microsoft visual studio with help of ASP.NET and SQL server. It has 3 mode of operation 1.Admin mode: Used for Configuration of Voting Machine. 2. Test mode: used for demonstration of voting machines to candidates for checking working of voting machines status 3.User mode: Used for actual voting process 1. It has reliable and high speed execution unit. 2. Less human intervention in polling process. 1. Correlation-Based matching algorithm is used for authentication of Finger Print. 2. Less secure due to high possibility of cyber attack Volume: 3 Issue 4 - December 2018 113

5 R. Murali Prasad, Polaiah Bojja and Madhu Nakirekanti, AADHAR based Electronic Voting Machine using Arduino", International Journal of Computer Applications (0975-8887) Volume 145 No.12, July 2016. This is online voting system. It consist of Arudino, Raspberry Pi and FP scanner. It takes Aadhar Number as input by manually and then takes Finger Print as Input for identification. After successful of verification voter allow to vote, then connected printers generate token of casted vote information. Voter have to drop that token into ballot box. 1. Double accuracy of counting a)counted by e- voting system) b)ballot box counting (token of casted vote info.) 2. Voter get feedback as token of casted vote information. 1. Time consuming voting process 2. High cost. 3. Less user-friendly system 6 Rohan Patel, Vaibhav Ghorpade, Vinay Jai and Mansi Kambli, Fingerprint Based e-voting System using Aadhar Database", International Journal For Re- search In Emerging Science And Technology, Volume-2, Issue-3, March-2015. This Paper describes about the secure online voting machine in which client sever approach is used in which at client side the scanner and GUI interface is used to interact to the system. The voter enters the UID number and the system checks its identity to the zonal database if not found then it searches to the Central Identity Data Repository (CIDR). If not found then it devoid the voter to voting. On the other hand if found it calculates its age and allow voting if above 18. It uses flag to the voter data if voter votes first time that decreases malpractices. 1. It uses client server approach. 2. It uses zonal databases to decrease load from the CIDR 1. System requires high bandwidth and internet communication. 2. India's majorly population is rural and illiterate. 7 Geethamani R, Nithya V, Nivetha B, Pratheebamary R and Rajakumari Agnes A, Biometric Based Electronic Voting System Using Aadhar", International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology,Volume6, Special Issue 14, August 2017. In this system the Biometric based electronic voting machine using aadhar starts with the physical authentication using the RFID tag. The voters scans his finger on the fingerprint scanner R-305.Once the RFID matches to the stored database in MAX-232 the voters allowed to cast their vote. After successful casting of vote the message is displayed on the display that the "Your Pool REG". After the end of voting the status of voting is displayed with the count of vote on the display. 1. The fingerprint of voter is stored in every individual database which is used for authentication. 2. Rigging is avoided here by the use of RFID tag. 1. RFID tag has to be generated to the each voter authentication. 2. System requires high bandwidth and internet communication. 8 Ankita R. Kasliwal, Jaya S. Gadekar, Manjiri A. Lavadkar, Pallavi K. Thorat and Dr. Prapti Deshmukh, Aadhar Based Election Voting System", In this system they have created a website using ASP.NET with SQL database. voter can vote without going to their home constituency on the Election Day means they can vote from their current city by 1. Voter can vote from any location. 2. Due to 1st advantage voting percentage may increase. Volume: 3 Issue 4 - December 2018 114

IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE) e-issn: 2278-0661,p-ISSN: 2278-8727, PP 1821,2017. going to the voting location of current city 1. Threat of cyber attack 2. Website maintenance cost. 3. Server maintenance and management is difficult. 9 G.Sathya, B.Abinaya, B.Asma, Christina John and N.Divya, Smart Voting System using Aadhar Card", Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology (AJAST) Volume 1, Issue 1, Pages 96-98, February 2017. In this system biometric authentication is done using fingerprint and aadhar database. hardware used here is raspberry pi and finger print scanner, and a personal computer this system uses computer application developed in visual basic studio for database storing and matching of fingerprint and displaying results. 1. Use of biometrics for verification. 2. Avoid fake voting and multiple voting using Aadhar card to identify voter. Disadvantage: 1. Use of computer application which increase interference of human in voting system. 2. Use of raspberry pi increase cost Proposed System: The traditional voting machines consist of a normal voting buttons without any biometric authentication in it. As a result, there are chances for multiple vote problem i.e. the chances of fake vote increases. Also, some people think that in this process there can be error in counting the number of votes and the results can be manipulated according to the needs of the political parties. Hence to overcome these issues we will be presenting an EVM with some advancement such as QR code (scanning) of UID and biometric (Fingerprint) authentication[3]. System will send SMS to authorized voter with details of voting location, date and time of voting. In our project we will be using digital touch screen to display the contents required during the process and double authentication. It will include fingerprint (biometric scanning) and QR code (scanning) of UID along with the address and age authentication which will ensure that the person belonging to that ward only, votes the representatives for the election process. Biometric Voting Machine (BVM) consists of the fingerprint scanner and QR code scanner. Initially Voter has to scan their QR code of UID (Aadhar Card) then it will generate information about voter. System will extract date of birth, Aadhar number, and address of voter from the information[3]. Then there will be a screen which will provide the options to the users which will display the name of the candidate representing their party in the election along with the name of the party. The voter needs to tap on the screen in favor of the candidate whom he/she wishes to vote. After this the user needs to do the authentication process i.e. fingerprint scanning. It will check or authenticate of fingerprint of voter and corresponding fingerprint of Aadhar number which was extracted by system at the time of QR code was scanned. If authentication fails or if he/she is a invalid user or if he/she has already done voting then system will give warning. If the user passes the authentication processes then the vote will be counted and incremented in the respective party count. A successful voting message will be displayed and again the initial screen will appear[2]. System Features: Ensure quick and precise biometric voting. Prevent duplicate registration. Quick authentication by QR-Code Scanner. Require less manpower. Reduce time of voting. Volume: 3 Issue 4 - December 2018 115

Fig 1: block diagram System Architecture: Fig. 2 System Architecture When the voter will enter for casting vote. He/She will scan his/her Aadar card s QR code as shown in above architecture. QR code will be scanned and extracted information will passed to arduino then arduino will extract information of the voter from database and ask voter to cast vote using finger print. The candidate list will be displayed on TFT display voter will select his favorite candidate and FP scanner will scan finger print and send it to arduino. Arduino will match both finger print and if authenticated user then vote will be casted and added to voter count of that candidate.then System will give feedback to voter by displaying information of vote on Display. Conclusion: This System is an idea or concept that how our voting systems can be made in the recent future for free and fair voting also System will be with faster, secure, user friendly, accessible and reliable voting[2]. The application of BVM will enhance the authenticity of a voter thereby leading to a fair election. The system proposed in this paper, when put into actual functioning will revolutionize the world of voting. We know that for these things highly efficient system and application software, a large database is required. By using systems like this the whole process of election will be in a free and fair manner. This system is Cost & Time efficient as well is fake voting resistance. REFERENCES [1] Vladimir I. Ivanov and John S. Baras, Life Fellow, Authentication of Swipe Fingerprint Scanners" DOI 10.1109/TIFS.2017.2702592, Volume: 3 Issue 4 - December 2018 116

IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security. [2] D. Ashok Kumar, T. Ummal Sariba Begum, Electronic Voting Machine A Review", International Conference on Pattern Recognition, Informatics and Medical Engineering, March 21-23, 2012. [3] R. Murali Prasad, Polaiah Bojja and Madhu Nakirekanti, AADHAR based Electronic Voting Machine using Arduino", International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 { 8887) Volume 145 { No.12, July 2016. [4] Rohan Patel, Vaibhav Ghorpade, Vinay Jai and Mansi Kambli, Fingerprint Based e- Voting System using Aadhar Database", International Journal For Research In Emerging Science And Technology, Volume- 2, Issue-3, March-2015. [5] Soumyajit Chakraborty, Siddhartha Mukherjee, Bhaswati Sadhukhan and Kazi Tanvi Yasmin, Biometric Voting System using Adhar Card in India", International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, Vol. 4, Issue 4, April 2016. Volume: 3 Issue 4 - December 2018 117