Jiirgen R. Grote/Bernard Gbikpi (eds) A 2002/8999 participatory Governance. Political and Societal Implications Leske + Budrich, Opladen 2002
Table of Contents Seite Tables and Figures 9 Contributors 11 Preface 13 Introduction 1. From Democratic Government to Participatory Governance {Bernard Gbikpi and Jiirgen R. Grote) 17 1.1. Introduction 17 1.2. Democratic government 18 1.3. Governance 20 1.4. Participatory governance 23 1.5. Participatory governance at work 28 1.6. The territorial dimension 29 1.7. Sectors and policy domains 32 1.8. References ; 34 Governance: Concepts 2. Contextualizing Normative Standards for Legitimate Governance beyond the State (Klaus Dieter Wolf) 35 2.1. Introduction 35 2.2. Governance beyond the state as functional self-regulation 36 2.3. The normative dimensions of governance beyond the state 38 2.4. Conclusion 48 2.5. References 49 3. Participation in Governance Arrangements: Is there any Reason to Expect it will Achieve "Sustainable and Innovative Policies in a Multilevel Context"? (Philippe C. Schmitter) 51 3.1. Three principle concepts 51 3.2. Three (explicitly) political elements 57 3.3. The principles for the chartering of EGAs 58 3.4. Four principles for the composition of EGAs 62 3.5. Eight principles for the decision-rules of EGAs 65 5
3.6. Five principles for the substance of EGAs 67 3.7. Concluding with some caveats 68 3.8. References 69 4. Governance: A Social-Political Perspective (Jan Kooiman) 71 4.1. Introduction 71 4.2. The governance scene 72 4.3. An interactive governance perspective 75 4.4. Elements of governing 80 4.5. Modes of governance 82 4.6. Orders of governing and governance 86 4.7. References 94 5. Civic Perspectives on a Democratic Transformation of the EU (Hubert Heinelt) 97 5.1. Introduction 97 5.2. The civic sector and regime composition of political systems 99 5.3. The general structure of the EU regime composition and civic democratization 105 5.4. Perspectives on the development of a political order of the EU 112 5.5. References 118 Governance: Institutions 6. The European Commission: Promoting EU Governance (Brigid Laffan) 121 6.1. Introduction 121 6.2. The Commission as an institution: The dominance of networks 123 6.3. Generating policy and legislative proposals 124 6.4. Implementing and managing policies 131 6.5. Reform 133 6.6. The Commission and participatory governance 135 6.7. Conclusion 136 6.8. References 137 7. The Effects of European Integration on National Forms of Governance: Reconstructing Practices and Reconceptualizing Democracy (Vivian A. Schmidt) 141 7.1. Introduction 141 7.2. EU governance and its differential impact on Member-States 143 7.3. Institutional change, ideas, and discourse 148 7.4. France 151
7.5. Britain r. 159 7.6. Germany 166 7.7. Conclusion... 172 7.8. References 173 8. Regions in Multilevel Governance Arrangements: Leadership versus Partnership (Michele Knodt) 177 8.1. Introduction 177 8.2. The EU as an interactive and communicative system of multilevel governance 178 8.3. The impact of European core concepts and institutional change 182 8.4. Conceptional presence and heterogeneous structure 183 8.5. Conceptional spill-over and complementary structure 186 8.6. Regional capacity to interact 189 8.7. Managing European differences through leadership and participation 192 8.8. References 194 Governance: Sectors and Domains 9. Democratising Expertise (Claudio Radaelli) 197 9.1. Introduction 197 9.2. Experts or expertise? 200 9.3. What is the nub of the problem? 203 9.4. The trade-offs of the democratisation of expertise 204 9.5. What does empirical research show? 205 9.6. The real issue: The institutional design _. 207 9.7. Conclusion '. 210 9.8. References 211 10. Environmental Governance: From Innovation to Powerlessness (Jacques Theys) 213 10.1. Introduction 213 10.2. Governance, governability or governmentality? 215 10.3.^ Democratic governance as a solution for new environmental challenges 222 10.4. The pessimism of ungovernability 229 10.5. Towards a cognitive democracy 237 10.6. References 243
11. Private Actors in Political Governance: Regulating the Information and Communication Sectors (Volker Schneider).245 11.1. Introduction 245 11.2. Governance: From systemic regulation to institutional cybernetics 245 11.3. Private and public contributions to political governance 249 11.4. Governing the information and communication sectors 252 11.5. Internal viability and economic regulation 254 11.6. Control of technical risks and negative externalities 258 11.7. Private participation and democratic principles 260 11.8. References 263 Conclusion 12. Participation and Meta-Governance: The White Paper of the EU Commission {Jiirgen R. Grote and Bernard Gbikpi) 265 12.1. Introduction 265 12.2. Designing the White Paper: On Virtues and Risks of Participatory Policy-Making 267 12.3. Governance, Meta-Governance, and Governance Failure 271 12.4. References 274