ASSESSMENT REPORT Assessment:

ASSESSMENT REPORT Assessment: Assessment date(s): 2,3-Nov-2016 Report Date: 4-Nov-2016 Location Information State: Western Bahr El Ghazal State County: Wau Payam: Wau Boma: Cathedral, Nazareth, lokoloko, St. Joseph and POC-2 PoC: 7 43'01.8"N, 27 57'36.9"E St. Joseph: 7º42'48.38'' N, 27º59'15.94'' E GPS Coordinates: Cathedral: 7º42'01.64'' N, 27º59'55.38'' E Nazareth: N 7.6775, E 28.00083 Loko Loko: N 7.69472, E 27.97527 Team Details Name Organization Title Contacts: Email/Mobile/Sat Phone Thomas Koja IOM Shelter & NFI field Assistant tkoja@iom.int +211927777811/+211912279568 Fr. Moses Petu Caritas Emergency coordinator Mozegaso79@gmail.com +21191586890/+211955172602 Rapael Francis South Sudan Red Rapael.francis@southsudanredcross.org Emergency response officer Cross +211915932015/+211956107165 Garang Mawen UNHCR garangmawienz@gmail.com Deng Laul James UNHCR Jamesd@unhcr.org +211955709390 Summary of Population Type / Numbers The population of Wau town according to 2008 census was A. Total population resident in area (Ref Census to 118,293 individuals and 20,611 Households for both Wau County level) north and South. Total number of the IDPs households displaced due to the Households and individuals conflict in collective centers and POC are about 39,463 individuals and about 8,000 Households according to CCCM sources. Ref sources - can be multiple IOM -DTM B. Total number of IDPs/returnees C. Total number in need of shelter/nfi Specify conflict IDP, disaster IDP, returnee If returnee, in transit, stranded, or final destination? Organised or spontaneous? Does registration list/s already exist? Made by whom? Households and individuals Yes, there is registration list existing created by WFP in collaboration with Acted for general food distribution. Only those IDPs that reside in the camps are in dire need of Blanket and Kanga. 1

assistance Specify population type (IDP, returnee, host community) The targeted population are only IDPs who were affected by June-2016 conflict in Wau town Verified? List available? There is no verified list available yet, it will be determined by shelter & NFI cluster partners Summary of Shelter/NFI Situation Wau was considered a peaceful state in South Sudan until recently when rebel and government forces clashed in Wau town in June 2016, contributing to massive death increases, according to the multiple media sources. This situation forced many people to leave their house in fear of being targeted by armed men and as result massive influx took refuge in UNMISS protection of civilian ( POC) and in collective centers of the church premises including Cathedral, Nazareth, Lokoloko, St. Joseph and South Sudan Red Cross. Most of the IDPs residing in these camps reported that their items had been stolen in their houses by thieves taking advantage of the conflict. Those who manage managed to escape with few households items, were still left with very basic needs. This contribute to many IDPs still living in POC and collectives centers fearing to go back to their homes due to prevailing insecurity and the economic crisis. Humanitarian organizations had been working hard to assist IDPs in the camps hoping that the situation will be resolved soon so IDPs can return back home and start their normal life. However, up to now, there has been no solution putting more burden on humanitarian to shoulder the responsibilities of providing services and protection. This is a concern due to donors and funding restrictions on this response. The shelter & NFI cluster responded with construction of communal shelters in Cathedral in July-2016, implemented by NRC and supported by IOM, and in Aug-2016 IOM constructed communal shelters in POC for most vulnerable IDPs. Lifesaving items including (mosquito net, blanket, bucket, plastic sheets, sleeping mat and solar lamp) were distributed to the IDPs in all collective centers and in the POC. The distribution targeted shelter by shelter, however some shelter accommodated more than one household. Recently in November-2016 there has been a need for blankets voiced from beneficiaries as the cold-weather is approaching in December. Before the crisis, people had protection from cold weather, but now IDPs sleep in plastic made Rakubas/Tukul which is hot in the day and very cold at night. The weather will get very cold come December to Jan-2017 which can bring potential sickness and upper & lower respiratory diseases. Due to this concern, the Shelter & NFIs cluster consulted with other sectors in regards to the request and agreed that a blanket need assessment should be conducted to gain a clear understanding of the situation. On 2 Nov and, 3-Nov-2016, IOM, UNHCR, CARITAS and South Sudan Red Cross concluded the assessment. Assessment/Verification Methodology The assessment employed the following methodologies/tools (key informants interviews, Focus group discussion, observations/house check and household interviews) in order to come up with representative view of all segments in POC & collective centers. Key informant interviews This tool was created to gather quality information especially from the health sectors which includes IOM and IMC, and community leaders that includes chiefs for POC and collective centers, they were asked the following questions:- Health sector -What are the diseases caused by cool weather? -Are there any reported cases of diseases you have mentioned above? If so is the rate high or low at the moment? -What will be an impact on health sector if cold weather starts in December to January? -Do you think lack of blankets will increase the rate of lower and upper respiratory diseases? Community leadership -When does the weather get cold in Wau? -What are the coping mechanisms for such cold weather now that majority of IDPs sleep in rakubas? -What are the priorities of the IDPs in term of NFIs? 2

-Do you think majority of IDPs will leave come cold weather in December? Health sectors working in cathedral and POC-2, responded that there are sickness associated with cold weather, commonly known as lower and upper respiratory diseases. Current cases reported are still at low rate, however in December, the sickness cases will increase, impacting drug availabilities as the agencies will run low on stock, at the present some importance drugs like Amoxcyline is not enough. According to the health sector, providing blankets will help mitigate diseases associated with cold weather. There is a need for awareness, especially to women in order to ensure that children wear more clothes for warmth, especially at night, to avoid diseases. Focus group discussion The aim of this tool was to compare response from the individual households interview from group responses. The questions asked to households were the same as in the FGD. The discussion, comprised of 12 men and 12 women, was conducted in Cathedral and POC. During the focus group discussion the respondents agreed that the current IDPs are displaced from various locations in Wau town due to conflict & insecurity that started in Jun-2016. And they think that cold weather normally start from November toward end of January. During the focus group discussion, the respondents agreed that the current IDPs are displaced from various locations in Wau town due to conflict & insecurity that started in Jun-2016.It is predicted that the cold weather will start in November towards the end of January. When asked about their coping mechanism during cold weather, participants responded that they previously had wellbuilt shelters that protect them from cold weather, but now that they are sleeping in plastic made shelters, the coping mechanism will be through the use of fire to warm the shelter, doubling bedsheets at night and doubling of clothes in the morning. Observation/house check A house to house check was conducted during the assessment to observe and verify the need of the blankets and kanga. As a result, 40 shelters were checked in the following collective centers: Cathedral, St. Joseph, Lokoloko and Nazareth. 88 shelters were also checked in POC-2. Mostly all the houses checked have only one blanket (only few households have two blankets). During the FGD, IDPs said the average household size is seven and they said one blanket can be used for two children or one adult. They use the blankets distributed in July-2016 by IOM, but the rest of the individuals cover themselves with a bedsheet, which is not warm enough. Household interviews This tool was used to gather information through questionnaires. Only 2% of the total households in POC and collective centers were interviewed by IOM, UNHCR, CARITAS and South Sudan Red Cross staffs. Four or more houses were skipped during the sampling questionnaires in order get a representable view of the entire segment, but this does not guarantee the data collected was accurate or representative. A majority of the IDPs interviewed said they were displaced within Wau town when the conflict started, while some ran to their villages outside Wau town. Some of the IDPs returned and settled in the POC and collective centers after the situation normalized in Wau town. 3

Chart (1) How long have you been here? 2% 2% 14% 81% As presented in the bar chart (1), most of respondent said during the interview that they stayed in the POC and collective centers for more than four months. This indicated that security is still a concern and has not improved near their homes. 1 MONTH 2 MONTH 3 MONTH 4 MONTH AND ABOVE Chart (2) What is the cause of your displacement? 64% 36% Conflict Insecurity More than half of the IDPs interviewed said, they left their house because of insecurity compare to the rest that were displaced due to direct shooting in Jun-2016 that made them flew their homes to seek for safety in POC and collective centers. Chart (3) When does the weather get cool in Wau? The figures in chart (3) indicated that most of respondent answered that November and December are the coldest months in Wau. 16% 33% 42% 9% NOVEMBER DECEMBER NOV & DEC JANUARY Chart (4) No of Kanga Chart (5) Number of blanket? 95% 54% 7% 39% Nothing One Two 5% 0% NOTHING ONE TWO House to house verification shows that more than half of the IDPs has at least one blanket while the majority don t have kanga at all in their shelters, these indicated needs for Blanket and Kanga in POC and collective centers. 4

Chart (6) What will you do to copy with cool weather? 20% 17% 20% 17% 9% 11% 2% 3% BLANKET FIRE PROPER SHELTER JACKET/SUITER JACKET DOUBLE CLOTHES NOTHING BEDSHEET There was a variety answers for copying mechanisms for cold weather, where single blanket and doubling clothes were the most identified mechanism, then bed sheet and fire. Very few mentioned Jackets, sweaters and proper shelters. Chart (7) What is the size of your family? 94% 1% 1% 1% 3% ONE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE AND ABOVE In chart (7) the majority of the respondent indicated that they are more than 5 family members in their shelters, it was also confirmed in the FGD that the average family size is seven, emphasizing that only two members of the family use a single blanket distributed by IOM and the rest cover themselves at night with bedsheets.. RECOMMENDATIONS If emergency shelter and/or NFI distribution is recommended: Define targeting criteria: From 128 houses checked during the verification of blanket need confirm that majority of the IDPs have single blanket in their shelters which indicate need for blanket. Need Vulnerability (if vulnerability, define vulnerability categories) Specify items to be distributed Number and type per household - NFI/ES, full kits, loose items 5 From 128 houses checked during the verification, it was noted that most of the women don t have it because theirs were looted hence they cannot afford it in the market; Kanga will help restore the dignity of IDPs women. 2 Blanket per a shelter because the average family size is 7 members and again given the size of the blanket

Specify if quantity of items distributed will vary by household size 2 Kanga per a shelter reason being since the distribution will be based on shelter, 1 kanga will create conflict if a shelter has two wives. Before any intervention, there is need to conduct Key considerations for distribution -Eg access, logistics, security and protection concerns, push/pull, stakeholders/partners to work with morning token distribution to arrive to accurate figures Due to anticipated complaints from vulnerable IDPs, partners agreed to reserve few token for vulnerability cases. CCCM and protection partners will work in tandem with S-NFIs to address protection concerns distribution process holistically. Women focus group discussion- Cathedral Women focus group discussion- Cathedral 6