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[ 3 ]. : [M]. :,2002. [ 4 ]. [M]. :,2003. [ 5 ]. [J ].,1992 (2). [ 6 ]. 4[M]. :,1978. [ 7 ]. [M]. :,1980. [ 8 ]. [M]. :,1979. [ 9 ]. [M]. :,1976. [10 ]. [M]. :,1966. [11 ]. [M]. :,1999. [12 ]. [M]. :,1961. [13 ] 1[M]. :,1995. [14 ] [J ].,2001 (3). [15 ]. [M]. :,2000. [16 ] 3[M]. :,2002. On the Difference in Historical Principle bet ween Marx and Hegel by the Question of Subjectivity J IANG You2fu ( Department of Philosophy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China) Abstract : History as principle or historicality as fundamental ontological horizon, means a combination of the consciousness of ground and the consciousness of history in philosophy foundation, which is a long period from Augustine, Vico to Hegel. The crucial difference in historical principle between Marx and Hegel lies in the ground of world2history and its historicality based on sensible activity. In this paper, the crucial difference is clarified especially by the question of subjectivity, because, in our opinion, the difference between the spec2 ulative subjectivity and the subjectivity of objective essential powers is the internal character of the differ2 ence in historical principle between Marx and Hegel. Key words : history as principle ; difference between Marx and Hegel ; speculative subjectivity ; subjectivity of objective essential powers [ ] ( 18 ) The Influence of Liberalism on the Foreign Policy of U. S. A. ZHAO Ke2jin NI Shi2xiong ( Center for American Studies, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China) Abstract : Liberalism is derived from Europe, and had developed into the liberalism with American character2 istics. Influenced by the realism and conservatism in US foreign ideology, it has been ideologized as the so2 called liberal2democracy grand strategy in foreign policy2process. The main objectives of liberalism, conser2 vatism and realism were the same : they are all devoted themselves into promoting the enterprise of exporting liberal2democracy system abroad and remaking the world through American model. However, their priority, means and policy measures are different. When we explore the implications of liberalism in the Sino2US rela2 tions we could come to the conclusion : the policy preference set by liberalists makes three incompatible areas and also creates two opportunity areas. So, how to balance the two sides will be one of the important tasks of Chinaπs diplomacy to America in the new era. Key words : liberalism ; foreign policy ; US diplomacy ; Sino2US relation [ ] 33