ESPON Workshop The regional and urban dimension of Europe 2020 News on the implementation of the EUROPE 2020 Strategy Philippe Monfort DG for Regional Policy European Commission 1
Introduction June 2010 European Council approves the Europe 2020 strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. Cohesion Policy is mentioned as a key delivery mechanism for Europe 2020. 2
Introduction Debate and reflection is launched on how translate the objectives and targets of Europe 2020 into their counterpart at regional level. Regions can or should not reach all their national or the EU targets: Distance to the target may simply be too great. For some issues, it is not realistic or desirable that all regions reach the same target. For example, R&D is highly concentrated in part due to benefits of clustering research. 3
Introduction Accordingly Cohesion Policy programmes should: Select their investment priorities taking into account the starting position of a region or city in relation to the national 2020 targets; Identify the manner it can best respond to regional/local development needs... while at the same time contributing to 2020 targets. ESPON SIESTA is supposed to contribute to this reflection. 4
Europe 2020 pillars Smart Growth 1. Education 2. Innovation 3. Digital Society Sustainable Growth 1. Climate change 2. Biodiversity, sustainable development Inclusive growth 1. Employment 2. Poverty and exclusion 5
Europe 2020 News from the implementation of Europe 2020...... Mixed... 6
Europe 2020 7
Headline targets Headline targets 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Target 75% of the population aged 20-64 should be employed % of population aged 20-64 68,0 70,3 69,0 68,5 68,6 68,5 75 3% of the EU's GDP should be invested in R&D % of GDP 1,8 1,9 2,0 2,0 2,0.. 3 Greenhouse gas emissions reduced by 20% compared to 1990 Index 1990 = 100 93,2 90,3 83,7 85,7 83,0.. 80 Share of renewable energy sources in final energy consumption should be increased to 20% % 10,4 11,6 12,5 13,0.... 20 Energy efficiency should improve by 20% 1 000 tonnes of oil equivalent (TOE) 1.704.354 1.683.452 1.596.185 1.646.839.... 1.474.000 Early leavers from education and training under 10% % of population aged 18-24 15,8 14,8 14,3 14,0 13,512.8 10 40% of 30-34 years old should have completed a tertiary or equivalent education % of population aged 30-34 28,0 31,0 32,2 33,5 34,6 35,8 40 Poverty should be reduced by lifting at least 20 million people out of the risk of poverty or social exclusion People at risk of poverty or social exclusion 123.892 115.694 113.773 116.206 119.758.... People living in households with very low work intensity 39.112 34.269 34.223 37.857 38.527.... People at risk of poverty after social transfers 79.070 80.661 80.179 80.718 83.414.... People severely materially deprived 51.729 41.440 39.764 40.853 43.420.... 8
Smart Growth 9
R&D 3% of the EU's GDP should be invested in R&D geo\time 2012 TARGET EU (28 countries) 2.02 : EU (27 countries) 2.03 3 Belgium 2.04 3 Bulgaria 0.57 1.5 Czech Republic 1.85 : Denmark 3.09 3 Germany 2.84 3 Estonia 2.38 3 Ireland 1.72 : Greece : : Spain 1.33 3 France 2.24 3 Croatia 0.76 : Italy 1.25 1.53 Cyprus 0.48 0.5 Latvia 0.7 1.5 Lithuania 0.92 1.9 Luxembourg 1.43 2.3 Hungary 1.21 1.8 Malta 0.72 0.67 Netherlands 2.04 2.5 Austria 2.75 3.76 Poland 0.76 1.7 Portugal 1.49 2.7 Romania 0.5 2 Slovenia 2.47 3 Slovakia 0.68 1 Finland 3.78 4 Sweden 3.37 4 United Kingdom 1.75 : 10
Tertiary education geo\time 2012 TARGET EU (28 countries) 35.7 : EU (27 countries) 35.8 40 Belgium 43.9 47 Bulgaria 26.9 36 Czech Republic 25.6 32 Denmark 43 40 Germany 31.9 42 Estonia 39.1 40 Ireland 51.1 60 Greece 30.9 32 Spain 40.1 44 France 43.6 50 Croatia 23.7 : Italy 21.7 26 Cyprus 49.9 46 Latvia 37 34 Lithuania 48.7 40 Luxembourg 49.6 40 Hungary 29.9 30.3 Malta 22.4 33 Netherlands 42.3 40 Austria 26.3 38 Poland 39.1 45 Portugal 27.2 40 Romania 21.8 26.7 Slovenia 39.2 40 Slovakia 23.7 40 Finland 45.8 42 Sweden 47.9 40 United Kingdom 47.1 : 11
Early school leavers Early leavers from education and training under 10 geo\time 2011 TARGET EU (28 countries) 12.7 : EU (27 countries) 12.8 10 Belgium 12 9.5 Bulgaria 12.5 11 Czech Republic 5.5 5.5 Denmark 9.1 9.9 Germany 10.5 9.9 Estonia 10.5 9.5 Ireland 9.7 8 Greece 11.4 9.7 Spain 24.9 15 France 11.6 9.5 Croatia 4.2 : Italy 17.6 15 Cyprus 11.4 10 Latvia 10.5 13.4 Lithuania 6.5 8.9 Luxembourg 8.1 9.9 Hungary 11.5 10 Malta 22.6 29 Netherlands 8.8 7.9 Austria 7.6 9.5 Poland 5.7 4.5 Portugal 20.8 10 Romania 17.4 11.3 Slovenia 4.4 5 Slovakia 5.3 6 Finland 8.9 8 Sweden 7.5 9.9 United Kingdom 13.5 : 12
Sustainable Growth 13
GHG emissions Europe 2020 target: Reduce GHG emissions by 10% compared to 2005 levels, % Changes with respect to 2005 25 20 15 10 5 0-5 -10-15 -20-25 -20-20 -20 Denmark Ireland Change in greenhouse gas emissions outside the Emmissions Trading Scheme, 2005-2011 and Europe 2020 targets 2020 Target % change 2005-2011 ----- Distance to target Luxembourg Target already reached Reduced the distance but not yet reached their target Increased the distance to their target -17 Sweden -16-16 -16-16 Austria Finland Netherlands Source: EEA, provisional calculation method -15-14 -14-13 -10 Target = Reduction in emissions United Kingdom Belgium Germany France Italy Spain -5 Cyprus -4 Greece 1 4 5 Portugal Slovenia Malta 9 Czech Republic 10 Hungary 11 11 Croatia Estonia 13 Slovakia 14 15 Poland Lithuania 17 Target = Limit increase in emissions Latvia 19 Romania 20 Bulgaria 14
Renewable Energy 15
Inclusive growth 16
Employment geo\time 2012 TARGET EU (28 countries) 68.4 : EU (27 countries) 68.5 75 Belgium 67.2 73.2 Bulgaria 63 76 Czech Republic 71.5 75 Denmark 75.4 80 Germany 76.7 77 Estonia 72.1 76 Ireland 63.7 69 Greece 55.3 70 Spain 59.3 74 France 69.3 75 Croatia 55.4 : Italy 61 67 Cyprus 70.2 75 Latvia 68.2 73 Lithuania 68.7 72.8 Luxembourg 71.4 73 Hungary 62.1 75 Malta 63.1 62.9 Netherlands 77.2 80 Austria 75.6 77 Poland 64.7 71 Portugal 66.5 75 Romania 63.8 70 Slovenia 68.3 75 Slovakia 65.1 72 Finland 74 78 Sweden 79.4 80 United Kingdom 74.2 : 17
At risk of poverty 18
The crisis 19
Impact of the crisis No clear geographical pattern Poor and rich regions have been negatively affected: Finland / Severozapaden Poor and rich regions have been resilient: Provence-Alpes-Côte d'azur / Poland 20
General GVT deficit (as % of EU GDP), EU-27 Source: Eurostat 21
General GVT deficit, per Member States (as % of EU GDP) Source: Eurostat 22
Public expenditure, public revenue (in mio EUR, prices 2005) and public deficit (as % of GDP) at subnational level, EU-27 Source: Eurostat 23
Public investment at sub-national levels, EU-27 (as % of EU GDP) Around 60% of total public investment in the EU-27 is carried out by subnational authorities Real public investment dropped by 5.8% in 2010, 6.5% in 2011 and 2.6% in 2012. Source: Eurostat 24
Change in public investment at sub-national level, 1997-2009, 2009-2012 (percentage points) Between 2009 and 2012, public investment at subnational level increased in only eight Member States, albeit at a slower pace than in preceding years with the exception of Sweden Source: Eurostat 25
Conclusion Europe 2020 is an ambitious strategy Requires a different policy mix in countries (National Reform Programmes) Requires a different policy mix in regions (Cohesion Policy Programmes) 26
Conclusion Regional and local authorities can indeed make a key contribution to this strategy through the actions that fall within their responsibility. Involving regional/local levels in European policies can increase the efficiency of these policies, as highlighted by a number of recent studies. 27
Conclusion However, the crisis puts huge stress on subnational public finance? 28
Thank you for your attention 29