Legislation & Regulation (Section 4) Fall 2013 Professor Stephenson Wed-Fri 8:20-9:40, [WCC 1015] Course Description: This course is an introduction to lawmaking in the modern administrative state. It will examine how Congress and administrative agencies adopt binding rules of law (statutes and regulations, respectively) and the ways that implementing institutions courts and administrative agencies interpret and apply these laws. The course will consider the justifications for modern regulation, the structure of the modern administrative state, the incentives that influence the behavior of the various actors, and the legal rules that help to structure the relationships among Congress, the agencies, and the courts. The text for the course is MANNING & STEPHENSON EDS., LEGISLATION AND REGULATION, 2D EDITION (Foundation Press 2013). SYLLABUS Part I: Legislation A. The Legislative Process and Theories of Interpretation Wed., Sept. 11 th Introduction to Statutory Interpretation pp. 2-3 (introductory note), 18-26, and 184-197 (United States v. Marshall, through end of note 4) Thurs., Sept. 12 th Text and Purpose pp. 27-44 (Riggs v. Palmer, Church of the Holy Trinity v. United States) Fri., Sept. 13 th Text and Purpose, cont d pp. 77-93 (United States v. Kirby, Public Citizen v. Department of Justice) and 44-60 (West Virginia University Hospitals v. Casey) Wed. Sept. 18 th Ordinary Meaning, Special Meaning, and Context pp. 101-105 (Nix v. Hedden), 176-179 (Corning Glass Works v. Brennan), 183-184 (notes 3-4 on Corning), and 115-127 (Smith v. United States) Thurs., Sept 19 th The Legislative Process and Legislative History pp. 127-128 (introductory note), 136-160 (Blanchard v. Bergeron, Continental Can Co. v. Chicago Truck Drivers, through end of note 4). 1
Fri., Sept. 20 th The Legislative Process and Legislative History, cont d pp. 160-175 (remaining notes on Blanchard and Continental Can, Exxon Mobil v. Allapattah), re-skim 175-179 (Corning Glass), 179-183 (notes 1-2 on Corning) [NO MEETINGS SEPT. 25-27] B. Canons of Construction Tues., Oct. 1 st [WCC 1010] Semantic Canons pp. 202-207 (McBoyle v. United States) and 215-231 (Gustafson v. Alloyd) Wed., Oct. 2 nd Semantic Canons, cont d pp. 208-215 (Silvers v. Sony Pictures) and 232-247 (People v. Smith, Circuit City Stores v. Adams) Thurs., Oct. 3 rd Substantive Canons: Avoiding Constitutional Questions pp. 247-267 (NLRB v. Catholic Bishop of Chicago) Fri., Oct. 4 th Substantive Canons: State Sovereignty pp. 267-284 (Gregory v. Ashcroft) [CLASSES CANCELLED WEEK OF OCT. 7-11] Wed., Oct. 16 th Substantive Canons: Preemption of State Law pp. 284-303 (Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator, Cippollone v. Liggett Group) Thurs., Oct. 17 th Scope and Application of Substantive Canons pp. 313-329 (Spector v. Norwegian Cruise Lines) Part II: Regulation A. The Constitutional Position of Administrative Agencies Fri., Oct. 18 th The Administrative State and the Delegation Problem pp. 332-334 (introductory note), 351-363 (J.W. Hampton, Jr. Co. v. United States), 348-351 (notes 4 & 5 after the Constitution excerpt), 363-364 2
(introductory note before Schechter Poultry), and 375-385 (note 3 after Schechter Poultry, Whitman v. American Trucking Ass ns, Inc.) Tues., Oct. 22 nd [WCC 1010] The Administrative State and the Delegation Problem, cont d pp. 385-406 (Industrial Union Department, AFL-CIO v. American Petroleum Institute) Wed., Oct. 23 rd Congressional Control of Agencies: The Legislative Veto pp. 406-425 (INS v. Chadha) Thurs., Oct. 24 th Appointment and Removal of Agency Officials pp. 425-427 (introductory note), 435-465 (Myers v. United States, Humphrey s Executor v. United States) Fri., Oct. 25 th Appointment and Removal of Agency Officials, cont d pp. 477-510 (Morrison v. Olson, Free Enterprise Fund v. PCAOB) Tues., Oct. 29 th [WCC 1010] Presidential Oversight of the Administration pp. 510-539 (section on presidential control of agencies) Wed., Oct. 30 th The Administrative Procedure Act and the Forms of Agency Action pp. 542-563 (United States v. Florida East Coast Railway); also skim pp. 893-906 (sections of the Administrative Procedure Act) Thurs., Oct. 31 st Notice & Comment Rulemaking pp. 563-564 (introductory note), 584-598 (Chocolate Manufacturers Ass n v. Block) B. The Administrative Rulemaking Process Fri., Nov. 1 st Notice & Comment Rulemaking, cont d pp. 564-584 (United States v. Nova Scotia Food Products Corp.) Tues., Nov. 5 th [WCC 1010] Alternatives to Notice & Comment Rulemaking: Adjudication 3
pp. 598-627 (SEC v. Chenery Corp., Bell Aerospace v. NLRB, NLRB v. Bell Aerospace) Wed., Nov. 6 th Alternatives to Notice & Comment Rulemaking: Guidance Documents pp. 627-650 (PG&E v. FPC, Chamber of Commerce v. Dep t of Labor) Thurs., Nov. 7 th Alternatives to Notice & Comment Rulemaking: Interpretive Rules pp. 650-668 (AMC v. MSHA, Hoctor v. Dep t of Agriculture) C. Judicial Review of Agency Action Fri., Nov. 8 th Introduction to Judicial Review of Agency Decisions pp. 668-689 (Ethyl Corp. v. EPA) Tues., Nov. 12 th [WCC 1010] Judicial (Non-)Regulation of Agency Procedures pp. 689-703 (Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. NRDC) Wed., Nov. 13 th Hard Look Review pp. 703-735 (Motor Vehicles Manufacturers Ass n v. State Farm) Part III: Legal Interpretation in the Administrative State Thurs., Nov. 14 th Judicial Review of Agency Statutory Interpretation: Early Cases pp. 738-755 (NLRB v. Hearst, Skidmore v. Swift & Co.) Fri., Nov. 15 th Judicial Review of Agency Statutory Interpretation: The Modern Framework pp. 756-776 (Chevron v. NRDC) Tues., Nov. 19 th [WCC 1010] Deference and Textual Interpretation: Finding Ambiguity pp. 776-791 (MCI v. AT&T) Wed., Nov. 20 th Deference, Semantic Canons and Terms of Art pp. 791-803 (Babbitt v. Sweet Home), 822-825 (note on Chevron and legislative history) Thurs., Nov. 21 st Deference and Structural/Purposive Interpretation 4
pp. 803-822 (FDA v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp.) Supplemental page on City of Arlington v. FCC. Fri., Nov. 22 nd Deference and Substantive Canons: Constitutional Avoidance pp. 825-836 (DeBartolo v. Fla. Gulf Coast Building & Trades, Rust v. Sullivan) [NO CLASSES NOV. 27-29 THANKSGIVING BREAK] Wed., Dec. 4 th Deference and Substantive Canons: State Autonomy pp. 837-852 (SWANCC v. Army Corps of Engineers, Smiley v. Citibank) Thurs., Dec. 5 th Limits on Chevron s Domain pp. 852-874 (United States v. Mead Corp.) Fri., Dec. 6 th Flex Class/Review 5