IFRC Operational Summary on the Africa and Yemen Food Crisis

IFRC Operational Summary on the Africa and Yemen Food Crisis 12.04.2017 SITUATION ANALYSIS Following the 2016 severe drought related to La Niña, rainfall remained significantly below average over the Horn of Africa during the 2016 October to December season. Somalia is particularly impacted by the drought, while much of Kenya and southern Ethiopia also experienced very low rain levels. In addition to the Horn of Africa, Fewsnet launched a global alert end of January 2017, announcing that the combined magnitude, severity, and geographic scope of anticipated emergency food assistance needs during 2017 is unprecedented in recent decades. Given persistent conflict, severe drought, and economic instability, FEWS NET estimates that 70 million people, across 45 countries, will require emergency food assistance this year. Four countries Nigeria, Somalia, South Sudan, and Yemen face a credible risk of Famine (IPC Phase 5) 1. Armed conflicts in these countries are also a main driver of food insecurity. Click on picture to view map The situation is projected to deteriorate further in vast geographical areas. Kenya, Ethiopia and Sudan have also reached high levels of food insecurity or emergency level (IPC3). Other countries under watch include: CAR, Madagascar, DRC, Uganda, Malawi, (IPC 2/3), Chad, Niger, Burundi, Tanzania, and the Sahel region (IPC 1/2). Large population movements induced by the crisis are also expected. Since late February, the early seasonal rainfall in the Greater Horn of Africa has been erratic. While the analysis of February rainfall suggests favourable conditions, the temporal distribution of early season rainfall has been unfavourable with extended periods of little to no rainfall during the last several weeks. Average rainfall is forecast during the week of 10 April 1 http://www.fews.net/global/alert/january-25-2017 Page 1 of 13

throughout much of Ethiopia. Some local areas in the SNNP (Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region) and Oromia region may receive above-average rainfall. Further south, suppressed low to locally moderate rainfall is forecast throughout Kenya and northern Tanzania. It is not expected to help improve moisture deficits. The Red Cross Red Crescent Movement is present in each of these countries, and the IFRC has ongoing s to support the responses of the National Societies in several affected countries. These s are revised continuously to adapt to the evolving situations. New s could be launched in the coming weeks for countries facing heightened humanitarian needs, as we are rallying to respond, building on the National Societies efforts to foster resilience and provide social protection, and capitalizing on the access and reach that only Red Cross and Red Crescent volunteers and staff have. Moving forward, we have a three-pronged approach reach, response, resilience: Deliver relief in hard-to-reach and underserviced areas so that people are not left behind. Provide life-saving action at community level to stop people dying and restore dignity. Support Red Cross volunteers and staff to work with local people to build community resilience. SUMMARY OF IFRC APPEALS RELATED TO THE FOOD CRISIS Below a summary of IFRC appeals, followed by country-specific progress highlights. Country Initial (CHF) Revised (CHF) Targeted Beneficiaries Kenya 3,844,037 25,062,572 1,033,300 Somalia 1,290,936 3,308,035 150,000 Ethiopia 2,211,085 13,686,550 318,325 Yemen (2017 operational plan) 4,107,427 4,107,427 190,000 (under-revision) Uganda (pop. Movement) 690,325 690,325 2 30 000 3 (under-revision) Total 12,143,810 46,854,909 1,691,625 KENYA (recently revised appeal) The Government of Kenya (GoK) declared the ongoing drought has affected 23 arid and semi-arid counties and pockets of other areas as a national disaster. Therefore, the GoK has appealed to all stakeholders, local and international partners to come in and support its efforts to contain the situation which has not only affected human beings and livestock but also wild animals by upscaling drought mitigation programmes. 2 New amount to be confirmed in the revised appeal 3 New total to be confirmed in the revised appeal Page 2 of 13

Summary of Emergency s for Kenya 2 nd Revised 1 st Revised Initial Targeted Beneficiaries Amount (CHF) Funding Start Date End Date MDRKE039 1,033,300 25,062,572 25% 26 Mar 17 23 Nov 17 MDRKE039 340,786 9,107,628 67% 12 Feb 17 23 Nov 17 MDRKE039 114,620 3,800,000 9% 23 Nov 16 23 Dec 17 Progress under Emergency Food Security and Livelihoods 144,662 People. People reached: 16,551 11% Sensitization, PSS, reproductive health services, epidemic prevention. 451,500 People. People reached: 267,826 59% Cash transfer programming. Destocking. Water, Sanitation and 225,000 People. People reached: 99,333 44% promotion, procurement of NFIs, rehabilitation of water sources. RCRC Movement Bilateral s Livelihoods DRR Danish Red Cross, British Red Cross, Finnish Red Cross, ICRC Norwegian Red Cross Norwegian Red Cross Page 3 of 13

Non-Movement s Shelter Livelihoods and food security Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) National Drought Management Authority (NDMA), Hunger Safety Net Programme (HSNP), World Vision in partnership with World Food Programme (WFP), KRCS in partnership with WFP, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC), German Agro Action, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of devolution Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC), Ministry of Water Ministry of (MoH) at national and county level, UNICEF, WFP and civil society organizations (CSOs), Non- Governmental Organisations (NGOs) SOMALIA (recently revised appeal) Somalia is a country prone to recurrent droughts due to irregular rainfall pattern and effects of climate change. In both Puntland and Somaliland territories, the population mostly depend on agro pastoralism and livestock, which has been affected by the drought, reducing access to food and impacting on their nutritional and health conditions. On 5 February 2016, an alert was issued to indicate the worsening drought situation this was also followed by an alert by the Puntland Government authorities to the same effect. Summary of Emergency s for Somalia Revised Initial Targeted Beneficiaries Amount (CHF) Funding Start Date End Date MDRSO005 150,000 3,308,035 22% 15 Mar 17 21 Dec 17 MDRSO005 78,990 1,291,576 54% 25 Mar 16 23 Sept 16 Page 4 of 13

Progress under Emergency 4 Food Security, Nutrition Livelihoods 150,000 People. 53% Community based disease prevention and health promotion measures provided. Severe Acute Malnutrition is addressed in the target population. Increased access to primary health care services through the mobile clinics. 21,198 People. N/A 5 Cash transfers are provided to 900 households (5,400 beneficiaries) to purchase food for 3 months. Sufficient nutritious food accessed by children under 5 in vulnerable households/ communities. Screening and referrals for acute malnutrition carried out for children under age 5. Water, Sanitation and 150,000 People. 53% Daily access to safe water which meets Sphere and WHO standards in terms of quantity and quality is provided to target population. promotion activities which meet Sphere standards in terms of the identification and use of hygiene items provided to target population. Movement s ICRC The ICRC s multidisciplinary intervention with the Somali Red Crescent has been targeting droughtaffected communities from the northern regions of Sool and Sanaag to the border with Kenya in the south. 4 No activities have been carried out since December 2016 due to funding shortages. 5 5,400 people to be reached with cash transfer and 15,798 children to be reached with nutrition screening. Although 5,400 people have been reached with cash transfer, the same people will continue being supported for an additional 4 months. Page 5 of 13

In the face of growing needs, the ICRC has launched a budget extension on 9 March 2017 targeting 1.5 million beneficiaries, while continuing to respond to conflict-related emergencies and with its regular programs focusing on resilience and livelihoods to address the long-term structural humanitarian needs generated by 25 years of protracted conflict. Livelihoods and Food Security Activities In-kind or cash and nutrition in South and Central Somalia Water provision and distribution, maintenance and repair of existing boreholes Support to SRCS primary health in Central Somalia including prevention and response to drought-related epidemics RCRC Movement Bilateral s Livelihoods and Food Security German Red Cross, Finnish Red Cross, British Red Cross, Norwegian Red Cross (Consortium) Multilateral s Livelihoods and Food Security Iran Red Crescent Society (Hunger and Resilience) Swedish Red Cross Non-movement s Puntland Non-Movement s Food Security SCI, WVI, WFP, UNICEF and FAO, IRC CARE, DRC, ADESO Somaliland Non-Movement s Livelihoods and Food Security NRC, CARE International, Concern Worldwide CARE International Mercy-USA, HPA Page 6 of 13

ETHIOPIA (recently revised appeal) Ethiopia has been affected by the worst drought for 50 years, with over 10.2 million people in need of food assistance (mid-2016), compared to 2.9 million in the beginning of 2015. In 2015, an El Nino induced drought affected approximately 10.2 million people in Ethiopia and was described as one of the worst drought events in decades. According to the Government of Ethiopia (GoE), the positive impact of the 2016 summer kiremt/gu/ganna rains and the subsequent above-average meher harvest rains in northern and western parts of the country significantly reduced the number of people requiring food assistance from 10.2 million in 2016 to 5.6 million in 2017. Page 7 of 13

Summary of Emergency s for Ethiopia 2 nd Revised 1st Revised Initial Targeted Beneficiaries Amount (CHF) Funding Start Date End Date MDRET016 318,325 13,686,550 14% 22 Mar 17 4 Jan 18 MDRET016 65,311 2,773,566 58% 2 Jun 16 4 Jan 17 MDRET016 35,371 2,211,085 89% 4 Jan 16 4 Jan 17 Progress under Emergency 21,300 People. 188,051 People. Food Security and Livelihoods 70% CBHFA training Registration of households under U5 SAM. Food support during/post discharge at health facility. 108,975 People. 25% Supplementary feeding (children, mothers and pregnant women). Provision of fodder seed for pasture. Treatment of livestock Supplementary feeds for livestock. Restocking of animals. Water, Sanitation and 1.8% Needs Assessment. Training on PHAST for volunteers. Procurement of WASH and NFIs. Water trucking; rehabilitation and construction of water points. Promotion. Page 8 of 13

RCRC Movement/Bilateral s DRR Shelter Livelihoods Canadian Red Cross, Finnish Red Cross, Swiss Red Cross ICRC Austrian Red Cross, Spanish Red Cross, Swedish Red Cross, Netherlands Red Cross, Swiss Red Cross Finnish Red Cross, Netherlands Red Cross, Swiss Red Cross ICRC, Swedish Red Cross, Netherlands Red Cross SOUTH SUDAN Planned response The IFRC is conducting an assessment to identify the gaps from the on-going movement response. A movement partner meeting will be held on 19 April to discuss the response based on the preliminary results of the assessment. The plan is to have a one movement approach in the spirit of SMCC at country level. In the meantime, the IFRC is supporting the South Sudan Red Cross in the measles social mobilization campaign which is now postponed until 3 May 2017. A resource person from Geneva was deployed to South Sudan for three weeks to support the South Sudan Red Cross plan for the measles campaign. Progress under the measles campaign project 800,000 People. 100,000 People. Interventions start in May 2017. Measles social mobilization campaign. and promotion. Nutritional surveillance. Interventions start in May 2017. Provision of clean and safe water by drilling boreholes. Page 9 of 13

Movement s The ICRC carries out large food distributions with the South Sudan Red Cross, together with other interventions in the areas most affected by the conflicts. Livelihoods and Food Security s ICRC, Japanese Red Cross, Austrian Red Cross, Canadian Red Cross, Danish Red Cross, Finnish Red Cross, Netherlands Red Cross, Norwegian Red Cross, Swiss Red Cross, Swedish Red Cross Non-Movement s Livelihoods and Food Security s WHO, UNICEF, IOM, MSF, CDC, South Sudan Ministry of, African Development Bank NIGERIA Continuous movement of population in the country where an additional 3,160 people with urgent needs such as food, shelter, NFI, Water, latrines, health and protection were reported to have moved (organised or spontaneous) within the Northern-East part of the country between 21 to 27 March 2017. Planned response Discussions at movement level are being carried out to see how to best respond to the emergency humanitarian needs of the displaced people. The plan is to have one consolidated appeal for both IFRC and ICRC activities, launched by ICRC. Movement s The ICRC carries out large food distributions with Nigeria Red Cross, together with other interventions in the areas most affected by the conflicts. Coordination is ongoing with the ICRC to define complementary actions in support to the National Society. YEMEN Humanitarian needs have further increased since the escalation of the conflict in March 2015. The situation is characterized by economic decline, diminished health services, acute shortages of basic commodities, including fuel and other lifesaving items. The Food Security Cluster considers that a total of 14 million Yemenis are food insecure, with 7 million people severely food insecure. WHO estimates that 14.8 million people lack access to basic health care, including 8.8 million living in severely underserved areas and 14.5 million people lacking access to clean water, sanitation hygiene services, increasing the risk of infectious diseases such as acute watery diarrhoea AWD, malaria and scabies. Page 10 of 13

UNOCHA reports that since the escalation of conflict 50,237 casualties have been recorded out of them 42,553 are injuries and 7,684 are deaths. Yemen imports 90% of its food, and the supplies are greatly affected by the aerial, naval, and surface blockades imposed on the country. The expansion of the armed conflict to the Red Sea (Yemen western coastal line) has reached the shipping passage to Hodediah seaport, Bab Al Mandab strait, which affects all supplies to the northern parts of the country, notably food items and medicines. Most humanitarian organizations use the southern seaport of Aden, however transporting relief items to the northern governorates is severely hampered by lack of security, a variety of warring parties along the way, and damaged bridges and infrastructure. Northern Yemen is host to 80% of the population. Should its only seaport close, the impact would be devastating. 2017 Operational Plan (underrevision) Code Targeted Beneficiaries Amount (CHF) Funding Start Date End Date N/A 190,000 4,107,427 N/A 01 Jan 17 31 Dec 17 Planned response The IFRC 2017 operational plan (OP) aims to reach at least 190,000 people all over the country, through supporting the expansion of the Yemen Red Crescent Society (YRCS) operational presence in all governorates, and the building of its capacities to adequately perform its mandate and mission as an auxiliary to the local authorities. Primary data collected by the Yemen Red Crescent Society (YRCS) through a detailed branch mapping exercise highlighted the needs, priorities and gaps at branch level, and required support for: branch level health facilities with medical equipment, tools, maintenance of physical structure, running costs (rent, stationery, training materials, internet, power back up) emergency response services through provision of more ambulances, First Aid items, rescue items and specialized training to Emergency Response Teams, including First Aid training to volunteers and community members securing funding for livelihood and food security activities in response to acute food needs. strengthening warehousing capacity through construction of new or upgrading existing warehouses expanding emergency communication mechanisms for more efficient operational response addressing the lack of adequate incentives to volunteers working in the field and the limited support to salaries for key positions. In view of the deteriorating situation, the IFRC, together with the YRCS and in close coordination with the ICRC, have now identified a set of high priority activities from the operational plan. These include activities in support of: health disaster management operational support, including monitoring and reporting, logistics and procurement capacity, security measures communications volunteering development and finance development Page 11 of 13

These priority activities, totalling CHF 1 million, will be integrated into the One International, which the ICRC is planning to launch, in the face of growing needs. Movement s ICRC Livelihoods and Food Security Protection Activities Distribution of food, non-food items, cash- or-work, cash transfers, agricultural inputs Support to urban and rural water and sewage networks, support to garbage collection and ensuring a safe and clean environment Support to hospitals, primary health centres, health facilities and physical rehabilitation centres, war surgery training Visits to places of detention, monitoring the living conditions of detainees; provision of body bags and retrieval kits to authorities and arms carriers; family links RCRC Movement Bilateral s Livelihoods and Food Security Water, Sanitation and Shelter German Red Cross Danish Red Cross UGANDA The Uganda Red Cross Society is supporting South Sudanese refugees through an Emergency launched in August 2016. As of 27 March 2017, Uganda was hosting 816,041 refugees and asylumseekers from South Sudan (UNHCR) fleeing conflict. Refugees are hosted in 4 settlements. Imvepi settlement is the latest settlement which opened on 21 February and on 27 March was hosting 46,286 refugees. A revision of the emergency appeal is on-going to address the hugely increased need for access to safe water, sanitation and health and hygiene awareness. Two WASH Emergency Response Units have been deployed to address acute water shortages in camps. The revised appeal will target over 100,000 beneficiaries. Summary of Emergency s for Uganda Initial (underrevision) Page 12 of 13 Code Targeted Beneficiaries Amount (CHF) Funding Start Date End Date MDRUG038 30,000 690,325 91% 26 Aug 16 24 Aug 17

Contact information For further information specifically related to these operations please contact: Florent Del Pinto, Head of Emergency Operations (HeOps), Food Security Crisis in Africa; phone: +254 780 422 274; email: florent.delpinto@ifrc.org Farid Abdulkadir, Head of Disaster Crisis Prevention, Response and Recovery Department, Nairobi, Kenya, phone +254 731 067 489; email: farid.aiywar@ifrc.org Getachew Taa, Head of Cluster, East Africa and Indian Ocean, Nairobi, Kenya; phone + 254 731 974 061; email: getachew.taa@ifrc.org William Babumba, Head of Somalia Office, Nairobi, Kenya; phone + 254 732 555 059; email: william.babumba@ifrc.org Michael Charles, Head of South Sudan Office, Juba, South Sudan; phone ++211912179511; email: michael.charles@ifrc.org Momodou LaminFye, Head of Country Cluster, Abuja, Nigeria; phone: +234 8186730823; email: momodoulamin.fye@ifrc.org How we work All IFRC assistance seeks to adhere to the Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Disaster Relief and the Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response (Sphere) in delivering assistance to the most vulnerable. The IFRC s vision is to inspire, encourage, facilitate and promote at all times all forms of humanitarian activities by National Societies, with a view to preventing and alleviating human suffering, and thereby contributing to the maintenance and promotion of human dignity and peace in the world. The IFRC s work is guided by Strategy 2020 which puts forward three strategic aims: Save lives, protect livelihoods, and strengthen recovery from disaster and crises. Enable healthy and safe living. Promote social inclusion and a culture of non-violence and peace. Page 13 of 13