Chapter 9 The Confederation and the Constitution 1776-1790 p. 158 177 1. What effect did the exodus of some eighty thousand substantial Loyalists have on the new country? 2. What was the Society of the Cincinnati? 3. What was the medieval inheritance law of primogeniture? Why was this eliminated? 4. Who founded the world s first antislavery society in 1775? 5. What restrictions did emancipated African Americans still face in both the North and the South? 6. The fledgling idealism of the Founding Fathers was sacrificed to what? 7. According to James Madison what would be worse then the Great evil of slavery? 8. What did the republican ideology of civic virtue depend on? 9. What especially noteworthy innovation did Massachusetts contribute to the ratification process? Cincinnatus leaves the plow for the Roman dictatorship - Juan Antonio Ribera, c. 1806 10. What was Jefferson s warning about the legislative branch being given sweeping powers? 11. What happened to Roger Morris s huge estate in New York? 12. Why in part were the frightful excesses of the French Revolution avoided where cheap land was easily available? 13. What was the chief apple of discord among the thirteen states? (p. 163) How many of the thirteen states did not have land beyond the Allegheny Mountains?
14. How could the land states pay off their war debt? How were the land deprived states to pay off their war debt? What was the proposed solution? 15. Why was the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 so extraordinary? The Articles of Confusion 16. Why was the each state had a single vote great for Rhode Island but not for Virginia? 17. What were two crippling handicaps of the Congress under the Articles of Confederation? 18. Despite its many problems, Jefferson enthusiastically supported the Articles of Confederation as the best existing or ever did exist. How did Jefferson compare the Articles of Confederation to the European governments? The Horrid Specter of Anarchy (p. 167) 19. What were some examples of states levying duties on goods from their neighbors? 20. What were the three demands of the desperate debtors? 21. Unbridled republicanism had fed an insatiable appetite for liberty. Civic virtue was no longer sufficient to rein in selfinterest and greed. Was this an opinion of the shays or the propertied class? 22. What was the opinion of Jefferson? 23. What was the answer to unbridled republicanism and the monster of mobocracy? If republicanism was too shaky a ground upon which to construct a new nation what was needed?
A Convention of Demigods 24. Who was the charismatic New Yorker who brilliantly saved the convention from complete failure? 25. What was the sole and express purpose of congress issuing the call for a convention? 26. Is it accurate to claim that the propertied men gathered in Philadelphia did so to primarily protect their personal financial interests? 27. What concerns did the convention delegates have of Benjamin Franklin and what measures were taken? 28. Why were Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, and Thomas Paine absent? Why did Patrick Henry decline to serve? 29. Fifty five delegates were sent to the convention in Philadelphia, what occupied the fifty-sixth chair? Hammering out a Bundle of Compromises 30. What state brought the Large-state plan to the Convention? 31. What state brought the Small-state plan to the Convention? 32. What was the resulting Great Compromise? 33. What happens if the presidential candidates do not gain a majority of the electoral votes? How does this help the smaller populated states? 34. How often has this happened? 35. Compare the chart on page 175 with the chart below, Compare the total population of Virginia. Why is one 747,610 and the other 630,559? Which was used for determining representation in Congress?
36. If the 3/5 th plan would not have been adopted and slaves not counted at all, using the chart provided in the worksheet, what would Virginia s population been recorded as? 37. How many states were needed to ratify the constitution? 38. How many were needed to change or amend the Articles of Confederation? 39. One of the hottest debates of American history erupted with the ratification process. What groups represented opposing viewpoints? 40. Who were some of the most prominent Anti federalists? 41. Which commanding figures did the Federalists enjoy support from? 42. List a few of the Anti-federalists objections. 43. What state was second to ratify the constitution?
44. What was the margin of vote for ratification in Massachusetts? 45. Which states were the Four Laggard States the four dissenters? 46. What was the final ratification vote tally in Virginia? 47. Who were the three authors of a masterly series of articles known as The Federalists papers? 48. Which otherwise minded two states were the last to reluctantly ratify?