POL 300H1F Topics in Comparative Politics Department of Political Science, University of Toronto Summer 2016 Mondays/Wednesdays 12-2pm Course Title: Beyond the Welfare State: Social Welfare Provision in Comparative Perspective Instructor: Dragana Bodruzic Email: dragana.bodruzic@mail.utoronto.ca Office: TBA Office Hour: Mondays 2-4pm Course Description: Driven by a resurgence in both academic and popular interest in rising inequality, there has been an increasing interest in recent years in welfare provision in both the Global North and the Global South. While debates in industrialized countries have centred on questions of retrenchment, and the sustainability of welfare states in light of ageing populations, in the case of the Global South, the very notion that welfare states can emerge has been questioned. In many countries around the world, non-state actors, ranging from non-governmental organizations to multinational companies, supply more social services than states. Thus, the expectation (prevalent in the post-wwii period) that industrialization and economic growth would ultimately lead to the development of welfare states in the Global South, has not materialized. There are two primary goals in this course. First, to briefly analyze the most important theoretical explanations for the emergence of welfare states in the industrialized Global North, before considering why this literature is not very applicable to understanding forms of welfare provision in the Global South. Second, to analyze how different types of non-state actors engage in welfare provision in the Global South. Throughout, the goal is to engage with the political implications of different types of welfare provision, particularly implications for equitable access to welfare, and accountability to citizens. The course will begin with a focus on the origins (and explanations) of welfare states in the Global North (Class 2), before considering the sustainability of welfare states (Class 3). It will then consider theoretical perspectives that question the applicability of the welfare state literature to the Global South (Class 4), before considering how colonial legacies and international policies (particularly structural adjustment programs in the 1980s) impacted the development of welfare regimes in the Global South (Class 5). Class 6 will consider recent efforts by some states (particularly in Latin America) to strengthen welfare provision through state policies such as cash transfer programs. Finally, classes 7-11 will focus on exploring (both theoretically and empirically) the politics of non-state social welfare provision.
Course Objectives: By the end of the course, students will be familiar with different theoretical approaches to studying social welfare provision in both the Global North and the Global South. They will also be able to theoretically account for different types of non-state social welfare provision, and to identify and critically analyze the political implications of non-state social welfare provision. Course Readings: There is one required book for this course: The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare. 2014. Edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. All the other required readings can be accessed through the online electronic catalogue and will also be available through Blackboard, or through Robarts Course Reserves. Course Requirements: Students are expected to attend all classes, do the course readings every week and participate in class discussions. There will be a paper proposal, a term paper, and a final exam. The grade breakdown is as follows: Attendance and participation: 20% Paper proposal: 15%. Due in Class 5. Students will be given paper topics in Class 2. They will be expected to produce a 3-page (double-spaced) outline of their papers, due in Class 5. The outline should include a detailed overview of the main arguments. Term paper: 30%. Due in Class 10. 8-10 pages, double-spaced. Further details on expectations will be discussed during Class 2. Final exam: 35% The final exam will cover all readings and lectures from classes 1-11. Students are required to submit a hard copy of all assignments. These will be due at the beginning of class. Any late assignments should be delivered to the Political Science Main Office, Room 3018. 2
Late Penalties: The late penalty will be 5% per calendar day, starting with the day when the assignment is due. Students requiring an extension should contact me before the assignment deadline to discuss the extension request. Students are strongly advised to keep rough and draft work and hard copies of essays and assignments before handing in to the Instructor/Department. Essays/assignments should be kept until the marked essays/assignments have been returned and the grades are posted on ACORN. Email Etiquette: Please include the course number within the subject line of any email. Also please keep in mind that while email is useful for clarification purposes, substantive questions are better discussed in person during office hours. I will strive to answer emails in a timely manner (in most cases, this means within 48 hours), but please do not expect instant replies, particularly in the evenings. Academic Integrity: The University of Toronto treats cases of academic misconduct very seriously. Academic integrity is essential to the pursuit of learning and scholarship at UofT. The University of Toronto s Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters (http://www.governingcouncil.utoronto.ca/policies/behaveac.htm) outlines the behaviours that constitute academic misconduct and the processes for addressing academic offences. You are expected to be familiar with the contents of this document. Potential offences include, but are not limited to: In papers and assignments: Using someone else s ideas or words without appropriate acknowledgement. Submitting your own work in more than one course without the permission of the instructor. Making up sources or facts. Obtaining or providing unauthorized assistance on any assignment. On tests and exams: Using or possessing unauthorized aids, including a cell phone. Looking at someone else s answers during an exam or test. Letting someone else look at your answers. Misrepresenting your identity. Submitting an altered test for regarding. In academic work: Falsifying institutional documents or grades. Falsifying or altering any documentation required by the University, including (but not limited to) doctor s notes. 3
All suspected cases of academic dishonesty will be investigated following procedures outlined in the Code of Behaviour on Academic Matters. If you have questions or concerns about what constitutes appropriate academic behaviour or appropriate research and citation methods, you are expected to seek out additional information on academic integrity from your instructor or from other institutional resources (see http://www.utoronto.ca/academicintegrity/). Accessibility: Students with diverse learning styles and needs are welcome in this course. In particular, if you have a disability/health consideration that may require accommodations, please feel free to approach me and/or Accessibility Services at (416) 978 8060; accessibility.utoronto.ca. Turnitin Policy: Normally, students will be required to submit their course essays to Turnitin.com for a review of textual similarity and detection of possible plagiarism. In doing so, students will allow their essays to be included as source documents in the Turnitin.com reference database, where they will be used solely for the purpose of detecting plagiarism. The terms that apply to the University s use of the Turnitin.com service are described on the Turnitin.com web site. If you have any questions about using Turnitin.com, please see the Guide for Students published by the UofT Centre for Teaching Support and Innovation (http://teaching.utoronto.ca/ed-tech/teaching-technology/turnitin/a-guide-for-students/). For logging into Turnitin.com, please note the following information: Class ID: 12601700 Password: wstate The submission process will open one week before each deadline, and you will have until midnight on the due date to submit your file. Class Schedule: Class 1: May 9 - Introduction Reich, Robert. 2014. How to Shrink Inequality. The Nation. Available at http://www.thenation.com/article/how-shrink-inequality/ Esping-Andersen, Gosta and John Myles. 2011. Economic Inequality and the Welfare State. In The Oxford Handbook of Economic Inequality, edited by Brian Nolan, Wiemer 4
Salverda, and Timothy M. Smeeding. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available electronically. Class 2: May 11 - Origins of Welfare States: Concepts and Ideas Esping-Andersen, Gosta. 1990. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Read: Introduction (pp. 1-5) and Chapter 1: The Three Political Economies of the Welfare State (pp. 9-34). Course reserves. Myles, John, and Jill Quadagno. 2002. Political Theories of the Welfare State. Social Service Review 76(1): 34-57. Class 3: May 16 - The Sustainability of Welfare States Gough, Ian, and Goran Therborn. 2010. The Global Future of Welfare States. In The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State, edited by Francis G. Castles, Stephan Leibfried, Jane Lewis, Herbert Obinger, and Christopher Pierson, 703-720. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available electronically. Pierson, Paul. 2002. Coping with Permanent Austerity: Welfare State Restructuring in Affluent Democracies. Revue francaise de sociologie 43(2): 369-406. Class 4: May 18 - Welfare Provision in the Global South: Theoretical Perspectives Gough, Ian, and G. Wood. 2006. A Comparative Welfare Regime Approach to Global Social Policy. World Development 34(10): 1696-1712. Gough, Ian. 2014. Mapping Social Welfare Regimes Beyond the OECD. In The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 17-30. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Monday May 23 Victoria Day, No Classes. Class 5: May 25 - From Legacies of Colonialism to Retrenchment: Impact on Welfare Provision in the Global South Engerman, Stanley L., and Kenneth L. Sokoloff. 2006. Colonialism, Inequality, and Long- Run Paths of Development. In Understanding Poverty, edited by. A. V. Banerjee, R. Benabou and D. Mookherjee, 37-61. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Available electronically. Haggard, Stephan, and Robert R. Kaufman. 2008. Development, Democracy and Welfare States: Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Read Chapter 5: The Political Economy of Welfare Reform (pp. 181-200). Course reserves. 5
Rudra, Nita. 2002. Globalization and the Decline of the Welfare State in Less Developed Countries. International Organization 56(2): 411-445. Class 6: May 30 - Cash Transfer Programs and Alternative forms of State Engagement Ferguson, James. 2015. Give a Man a Fish: Reflections on the New Politics of Distribution. Durham: Duke University Press. Read Introduction: Cash Transfers and the New Welfare States: From Neoliberalism to the New Welfare States (pp. 1-34). Available electronically (also on course reserves). Bastagli, Francesca. 2009. From Social Safety Net To Social Policy? The Role Of Conditional Cash Transfers In Welfare State Development In Latin America. International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth, United Nations Development Programme, Working Paper (n. 60). (Available at http://www.ipc-undp.org/pub/ipcworkingpaper60.pdf) Soares, Fábio V., Rafael P. Ribas, and Rafael G. Osorio. 2010. Evaluating the Impact of Brazil s Bolsa Familia: Cash Transfer Programs in Comparative Perspective. Latin American Research Review 45(2): 173-190. Class 7: June 1 - Non-state Social Welfare Provision Cammett, Melani, and Lauren M. MacLean. 2014. Introduction. In The Politics of Nonstate Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 1-15. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Cammett, Melani, and Lauren M. MacLean. 2014. Chapter 2: The Political Consequences of Non-state Social Welfare. In The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 31-53. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Class 8: June 6 - Big Business and Social Development: The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Welfare Provision Jones Luong, Pauline. 2014. Empowering Local Communities and Enervating the State? Foreign Oil Companies as Public Goods Providers in Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan. In The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 57-75. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Idemudia, Uwafiokun. 2010. Corporate social responsibility and the rentier Nigerian state: Rethinking the role of government and the possibility of corporate social development in the Niger Delta. Canadian Journal of Development Studies 30(1-2): 131-153. 6
Banerjee, S.B. 2006. Corporate social responsibility: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Critical Sociology 34(1): 51-79. Class 9: June 8 - NGOs and Welfare Provision Brass, Jennifer N. 2014. Blurring the Boundaries: NGOs, the State, and Service Provision in Kenya. In The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 99-118. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Jennings, Michael. 2014. Bridging the Local and the Global: Faith-Based Organizations as Non-state Providers in Tanzania. In The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 119-136. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Lavalle, Adrian Gurza, Peter P. Houtzager and Graziela Castello. 2005. In Whose Name? Political Representation and Civil Organization in Brazil. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Working Paper (n. 249). (Available at http://www2.ids.ac.uk/futurestate/pdfs/wp249.pdf) Class 10: June 13 - Sectarian Politics and Community-based Organizations in Welfare Provision Cammett, Melani. 2014. Sectarian Politics and Social Welfare: Non-state Provision in Lebanon. In The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 137-155. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Krishna, Anirudh. 2014. The Naya Netas: Informal Mediators of Government Services in Rural North India. In The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 175-191. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Szekely, Ora. 2015. Doing Well by Doing Good: Understanding Hamas s Social Services as Political Advertising. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 38: 275-292. Class 11: June 15 - Non-state Social Welfare: Only for the Global South? Final Exam Review Allard, Scott, W. 2014. State Dollars, Non-state Provision: Local Nonprofit Welfare Provision in the United States. In The Politics of Non-state Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 237-256. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Cammett, Melani, and Lauren M. MacLean. 2014. Conclusion. In The Politics of Nonstate Social Welfare, edited by Melani Cammett and Lauren M. MacLean, 257-274. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 7