Adapted from Bernard Mc Cann Mercantilism Colonial power takes raw materials from colony Colonial power ships finished product to sell to colony Declaration of Independence statement of principles European Enlightenment philosophers (Locke) Power of Government from the people Thomas Jefferson Articles of Confederation failed with no central government Afraid of strong central government No power to tax No control of commerce Difficult to amend Only had one branch of Government (Legislative) Amendment Change the constitution as the world changes Flexibility of constitution Two methods of amending Constitution Bill of Rights or 1st Ten Amendments Delegated Powers - Federal (coin money) Reserve Powers State (education system) Concurrent Powers Both (Tax and borrow money) Five Compromises (Great Compromise, Slavery. Electing the President, Commerce, 3/5 s Compromise Representation in gov t
Unwritten Constitution Elastic Clause The Great Compromise political parties Cabinet Judicial review Lobbying Necessary and Proper clause Loose constructionist Adapts to change in society small states vs. large states Bicameral legislature Representation by population and equal representation (House and Senate) House of Representatives ` Senate Ratify George Washington Most democratic Elected every two years Must start any money bills The Census Method of election changed by amendment Advises and Consents on treaties, presidential appointments approve Neutrality, avoid alliances, Farewell Address, No entangling alliances Thomas Jefferson strict constructionist (except for Louisiana Purchase) Louisiana Purchase Federalism Doubled size of US Opened port of New Orleans to Mississippi shipping (from farmers upstream) state and federal governments working together and independently (sun and planets) John Marshall Supreme Court Justice Marbury v. Madison (Judicial review) Strengthen the federal government Andrew Jackson National Bank opposition to Pet Banks
Spoils System Monroe Doctrine Slave states v. free states Western Hemisphere for Americas, Europeans stay out Roosevelt Corollary (Stay out or else) 1800 1860 fought control new states entering Union Territorial expansion Missouri Compromise 1820 Compromise of 1850 Kansas Nebraska Act Abolitionist To free slaves Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman Uncle Tom s cabin William Garrison (The Liberator) Civil War Abe Lincoln 1861-1865 Reason fought - To preserve the Union Civil War Amendments 13th, 14th, 15th Free, citizen, vote Equal rights in 14th Reconstruction Segregation Plan to rebuild the South Radical Republicans (punish Rebels, help Blacks) Lincoln Plan treat states like they never left Union Ended with Compromise of 1877 Jim Crow laws Black Codes (Poll tax, Literacy test, Grandfather Clause) Separate facilities Homestead Act free land in the Great Plains Dawes Act To break down native American tribes Attempt to assimilate Native Americans into white culture
Farmer (agrarian) Populist/Granger Regulation of Railroad and Banks Cheap Money (Silver) Industrial Revolution Corporation Social Darwinism Reform Muckrakers Mother Jones Anti- Trust Acts Man made to machine made Urbanization Prices went down with mass production able to raise money or capital easily Strong businessmen beat weak businessmen Correct the ills of workers, cities, and politics Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson The Jungle, Upton Sinclair How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis Ida Tarbell, Anti Lynching campaign Jane Addams, Founder of Hull House, a settlement house Labor Leader To create competitive business practices Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Separate but Equal Segregation legal in US Teddy Roosevelt Third Parties (political) Imperialism Open Door Policy Federal Reserve System Woodrow Wilson Environment (National Parks) Trust Buster (Businesses must be fair) Bull Moose Ideas were usually accepted eventually Candidates did not win resources/markets Philippines, Hawaii, Puerto Rico China, Asia Controls the flow of money Fourteen Point League of Nations WWI
Schneck v. US Women s Suffrage Harlem Renaissance Booker T. Washington Clear and Present Danger Limits free speech in wartime 19th Amendment Lucretia Mott Elizabeth Cady Stanton Susan B. Anthony Seneca Falls Convention 1848 Equality Black pride in their accomplishments Education for blacks before equality W. E. B. DuBois Equality first for blacks John Scopes Roaring twenties Harlem Renaissance Lost generation Laissez- Faire 1920s President William Harding Herbert Hoover Great Depression Franklin D. Roosevelt Monkey Trial, Evolution Flappers Black pride in accomplishments in the arts US writers living overseas- Disillusionment from war No government in business matters Lots of buying on credit Scandals- Return to Normalcy Used trickle down economics Would not help individuals Rugged Individualism Uneven distribution of wealth, Stock Market Crash, Speclation Ended by World War II New Deal (increased size and power of government and involved the social and economic life of the people) Bank Holiday Social Security Proposed increase number of Supreme Ct justices Four terms! Amendment to limit terms to two Primed the Pump for economic prosperity World War II Ended great depression
Cold War Joseph McCarthy United Nations NATO Marshall Plan Started for U.S. at Pearl Harbor attack Lead lease Women in the work place Economic hardships left over from Treaty of Versailles Hiroshima and A Bomb controversy War: Soviet Union and USA on political philosophy and economic systems Ended 1991 Fear of Communism Purpose is Peace National Soverignty Stop International Cooperation Collective Security US plan to rebuild Europe after WWII Truman Doctrine Eisenhower Doctrine Harry S. Truman Dwight Eisenhower Send aid to countries to keep communist out Authorized dropping of Atomic bomb to save American soldiers Sent federal troops to Little Rock AR to enforce Brown v. BOE Civil Rights Rights for Black citizens Martin Luther King Jr. Non violence 1964 and 1965 Civil Rights Acts (voting) Brown v. Board of Education 1954 (Ended segregation) Miranda \v. Arizona Gideon v. Wainwright Know your rights as an accused Right to a lawyer
John Kennedy Cuban Missile Crisis Bay of Pigs Containment Space program a success Assassination Vietnam Gulf of Tonkin Resolution Public opinion split Lyndon Johnson Aftermath, public reluctant to send troops anywhere War Powers Act LBJ War on Poverty Medicare Medicaid Richard Nixon China opened and in the UN Watergate Détente (better relations with Soviet Union) Gerald Ford Nixon s pardon
OPEC flexes muscle Jimmy Carter Camp David Accords Iranian Hostage Crisis Ronald Reagan Trickle- Down Theory of Economics Lower taxes George H. Bush Desert Storm NAFTA Mexico, Canada & US North American Free Trade Agreement reduces tariffs between GATT General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs controls worldwide commerce William Clinton Scandal Great economy George W. Bush Iraq War 9/11 Terrorism War