EPP Party Barometer September / October 2018 The Situation of the European People s Party in the EU and an Outlook on the EP Elections (as of 7 October 2018) Created by Olaf Wientzek Coordinator European Policy Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung Map templates by: Janine Höhle, HA Kommunikation, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung www.kas.de
Summary and latest developments The maps show the electoral results for parties belonging to the European People s Party (and in one case the Socialists). The maps indicate the political affiliation of Heads of State and Government of EU member countries. They also indicate which party family is leading in the national polls. Parties belonging to the EPP family are (in national polls) the strongest political family in 12 countries (-1 compared to the last party barometer). The Socialist family is leading in 7-8 (+1/2), the Liberal family in 3-4 (0/+1) countries (in Belgium there is a tie between Socialists and Liberals), the Eurosceptic Conservatives in 3 (-1). In France, an independent movement (Macron / LREM) is leading in the polls, in Italy the far-right is the strongest political family. In many countries, the advantage of the leading political family in the opinion polls is very slim (Denmark, Sweden, Spain, Slovakia, Finland, United Kingdom, Belgium, France, Romania, Lithuania). Parties of the EPP familiy enjoy a relatively strong support in the opinion polls (above 30%) in Hungary, Austria, Croatia, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Portugal, Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland and Cyprus The relatively strong position of the EPP family can be partly explained by a) the relative weakness of the Socialist family in many countries, b) the high level of party fragmentation in several countries In the European Council, 8 Heads of State and Government belong to the EPP family, 7 to the Liberals, 5* to the Socialists/Social Democrats, 2 to the Eurosceptic Conservatives, one to the European Left. 5 are formally independent *including the ousted Swedish Prime Minister
Strongest political family in national opinion polls (September/October 2018) Sweden EPP Family Finland PES / S&D Family (Social Democrats & Socialists) ACRE / ECR Family (Euroskeptic Conservatives) ALDE Family (Liberals) Estonia Far-Right, Right-wing populists (ENF et al.) Latvia Diverse populists GUE/NGL (Far-Left) Denmark Lithuania Greens / EFA Independents Ireland Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Poland Slovakia Belgium Czech Rep. France Luxembourg Italy Slovenia Hungary Croatia Romania Bulgaria Portugal Spain Austria Greece Malta Cyprus
Election results of the strongest EPP member party in the last national election in % / year of next election in brackets Sweden (2022) 19.84 Finland (2019) 18.20 0 5% 5 10% 10 15% 15 20% 20 25% 25 30% Ireland (2021) 30 35% 25.50 35 40% United Kingdom (2022) 40 50% 0.00 Portugal**** (2019) Spain (2020) 36.86 33.01 Netherlands (2021) 140 France* (2022) 223 Denmark (2019) Belgium (2019) 161 Luxembourg (2018) 33.66 3.40 Austria (2022) 350 Germany (2021) 390 Italy (2023) 101 5.80 Czech Rep. (2021) Slovenia (2022) 292 Malta (2022) 43.68 Poland (2019) 209 Latvia (2022) Lithuania (2020) Slovakia (2020) Hungary (2022) 49.27 Romania (2020) 20.04 Croatia (2020) 36.27 Estonia (2019) 13.70 6.70 263 6.50 Bulgaria (2021) 365 Greece (2019) 28.10 Cyprus (2021) 30.69
Cumulated election results of all parties belonging to the EPP family In % 0 5% Sweden 26.16 Finland 274 5 10% 10 15% 15 20% 20 25% Estonia 13.70 Latvia 6.70 25 30% 30 35% 35 40% 40 50% > 50% Portugal 36.86 Ireland 25.50 United Kingdom 0.00 Spain 33.01 France* 223 Denmark Netherlands 140 Belgium 16.60 Luxembourg 33.66 20 Austria 350 Germany 390 Italy 15.72 Slovenia 370 111 Czech Rep. Poland 29.22 Hungary 49.27 Croatia 36.27 Lithuania 263 Slovakia 15.76 Romania 358 Bulgaria 35.71 Greece 28.10 Malta 43.68 Cyprus 30.69
Cumulated election results of the PES/S&D family (Socialists & Social Democrats) in the last national parliamentary election In % 0 5% Sweden 28.40 Finland 16.51 5 10% 10 15% 15 20% 20 25% 25 30% 30 35% above 35 % Portugal 332 Ireland 6.60 United Kingdom 40.00 Spain 263 France 6.06 Denmark Netherlands 5.70 Belgium 20.50 Luxembourg 20.28 26.30 Austria 26.86 Germany 20.50 Italy 18.72 Slovenia 9.93 7.27 Czech Rep. Poland 7.55 Hungary 17.27 Croatia 33.82 Estonia 15.20 Latvia 19.80 Lithuania 15.04 Slovakia 28.28 Romania 45.68 Bulgaria 27.19 Greece 6.29 Malta 55.04 Cyprus 20.70
Outlook on the EP elections in 2019 Introductory remarks: Preferences expressed in national opinion polls are not necessarily identical with voting preferences in EP elections A low turnout (or a different mobilisation rate among competing parties) may have a strong impact The prominence of the Spitzenkandidat /national top candidates may influence voter preferences With caution, the following statements can be made: Despite (significant) losses in bigger member states, the EPP would likely remain the strongest political family (175-192 seats) in the EP (28%-27.2% of seats) In relative terms, the share of the EPP group (currently 29.0% of the seats) would only moderately be reduced (-1,8% up to -4,2%), as the EPP Group will suffer less from the departure of the British MEPs than other political groups (in comparison the S&D would be at 19.3%, down from 25%) Parties of the far-right (ENF and others) and the far-left (GUE/NGL) might together receive more than 20% of the seats. Together with the ECR, these groups might receive approx. 29% of the seats. A coalition of EPP and S&D would not have a majority on its own but would need a third partner 64-68% of MEPs would continue to belong to moderate political groups (EPP, S&D, Liberals, Macron-led movement ( Europe en Marche ), Greens) In comparison to previous barometers small gains for the far-left, the far-right and the Greens; small losses for ALDE/Europe en Marche Due to several unknown variables (Will Macron form a group on his own or will he join the Liberals? Will the various far-right parties manage to form one political group?) three different scenarios will be developed
Results of parties belonging to the EPP familly in the 2014 EP elections in % 0 5% Sweden 19.58 Finland 27.80 5 10% 10 15% 15 20% 20 25% Estonia 13.90 Latvia 46.19 25 30% 30 35% 35 40% 40 45% > 45% Portugal 29.95 Ireland 228 United Kingdom² 0.00 Spain 26.99 France 20.81 Denmark Netherlands 15.18 Belgium 16.89 Luxembourg 37.66 9.10 Austria 26.98 Germany 35.30 Italy 269 Slovenia 444 25.90 Czech Rep. Poland 38.93 Hungary 548 Croatia 315 Lithuania 17.43 Slovakia 33.32 Romania 40.63 Bulgaria 36.85 Greece 272 Malta 40.02 Cyprus 37.75
Strongest party family in the 2014 EP elections Sweden EPP Family Finland PES / S&D Family (Social Democrats, Socialists) ACRE / ECR Family (Eurosceptic Conservatives) ALDE Family (Liberals) Estonia Far-right, right wing populists (ENF et al.) Latvia Misc. populists GUE/NGL (Far-left) Denmark Lithuania Greens /EFA Independents Ireland Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Poland Slovakia Belgium Czech Rep. France Luxembourg Italy Hungary Croatia Romania 1 The Socialists were the strongest force immediately after the elections. Due to PNL Joining the EPP, the EPP is now the stronger political family Bulgaria Portugal Spain Austria Slovenia Greece Malta Cyprus
Possible seat distribution in the coming EP Scenario 1 Status Quo Presumption: Emmanuel Macron does not succeed to create a Europarty on his own, membership in other Europarties remains stable; with the departure of UKIP, the EFDD-Group falls apart Sub-scenario 1: Macron remains indepedent Sub-scenario 2: Macron joins the ALDE Group 21 136 41 71 59 53 40 185 51 48 Unaffiliated Div. Far-Right ENF ECR EPP ALDE Macron Greens / EFA S&D GUE/NGL 136 41 92 59 53 40 185 51 48 Unaffiliated Div. Far-Right ENF ECR EPP ALDE (incl. Macron) Greens / EFA S&D GUE/NGL With caution, the following statements can be made: Both big political groups would be indispensable to form a majority A future majority would probably have to rely on the EPP, the S&D and ALDE. Other three-partyconstellations (EPP+Social Democrats+Greens or Macron) would arithmetically be possible but are politically unlikely
Possible seat distribution in the coming EP Scenario 2 Europe en Marche Presumption: a new Europarty created by Macron ( Europe en Marche ) successfully assembles liberal and left-liberal pro-european forces; some of the unaffiliated forces join other Europarties, Syriza joins S&D Scenario : Macron creates a group on his own Scenario : Macron and ALDE join forces 136 44 63 53 51 32 40 51 186 49 Unaffiliated Div. Far-Right ENF ECR EPP ALDE Macron Greens / EFA S&D GUE/NGL 136 44 114 53 32 40 51 186 49 Unaffiliated Div. Far-Right ENF ECR EPP ALDE-EEM Greens / EFA S&D GUE/NGL With caution, the following statements can be made: Macrons Europe en Marche (EEM) could in the best case - grow bigger than the Liberals A joint political group of Macron and ALDE would still remain smaller than then the S&D; however, a couple of factors could reduce the distance: defections from S&D (some PD members et al.) or Syriza remaining in GUE/NGL Compared to past barometers, ALDE-EEM lost some of its strength (lower poll numbers for LREM and less likely that PD would switch entirely to EEM) but if combined this new group would still be one of the three big groups in the next elections
Possible seat distribution in the coming EP Scenario 3 United Radicals Presumption: far-right and far-left parties manage to reunite in one political group each (GUE/NGL, ENF or an ECR 0). Due to the difficult relations among several of the bigger far-right parties, this scenario is not realistic in its pure form. However, it helps to demonstrate the potential of the extremes in the next EP. Scenario 3.: ENF 0 becomes the centre of gravity Scenario 3.: ECR 0. becomes the centre of gravity 130 44 63 65 51 24 5 83 185 55 Unaffiliated Div. Far-Right ENF ECR EPP ALDE Macron Greens / EFA S&D GUE/NGL 130 44 63 65 51 24 5 48 185 90 Unaffiliated Div. Far-Right ENF ECR EPP ALDE Macron Greens / EFA S&D GUE/NGL With caution, the following statements can be made: If ALDE+Macron do not join forces, a united far-right could become the third-biggest force in the EP Together, the far-left GUE/NGL and the far-right ENF would have 148 seats and thus more than one fifth of the seats (see 3.), together with the ECR they would have ca. 29%
Government participation of the EPP family
Government participation of parties affiliated to the EPP, as of 7 October 2018₁ Sweden Finland Government without EPP participation, but Head of State belongs to the EPP family Parties of the EPP family are part of the government Estonia Latvia Head of State or Government belongs to the EPP family Denmark Lithuania Ireland Netherlands United Kingdom Germany Poland Slovakia Belgium Czech Rep. France Luxembourg Hungary Romania Italy Croatia Bulgaria Portugal Spain Austria Slovenia Greece Malta Cyprus
Heads of State and Government and their political family (as of 7 October 2018) EPP: Christian Democrats; Centre-Right PES/S&D: Social Democrats / Socialists Sweden ³ Stefan Löfven was ousted on 25 September, Moderaterna leader Kristersson was asked to try to form a coalition Finland ACRE/ECR: Eurosceptic Conservatives ALDE: Liberals Estonia Greens/EFA Latvia Div. populists Far-Left (GUE/NGL) Denmark Lithuania Far-Right Independent Ireland United Kingdom Netherlands Germany Poland Slovakia Belgium Czech Rep. France Luxembourg Italy² Croatia Hungary Romania₁ 1 The President (EPP family) represents Romania in the European Council. The Prime Minister belongs to the Socialist family. Bulgaria Portugal Spain Austria Slovenia Greece ²Conte is independent, but was a 5Stelle candidate Malta Cyprus
The EPP Family in the EU Which parties belong to the EPP? Sweden Moderaterna (MOD) Kristdemokraterna (KD) Finland Kokoomus (SK) KD Estonia Isamaa Latvia Vienotiba Portugal PSD CDS-PP Ireland Fine Gael United Kingdom (no EPP member party) Spain PP Denmark DKF (C) KD Netherlands CDA Germany CDU / CSU Belgium CD&V, CDH, CSP² Luxembourg CSV France* Les Républicains Austria ÖVP Italy Forza Italia SVP AP UDC PATT Slovenia Malta PN Czech Rep. KDU-CSL TOP 09 SDS N.Si SLS Poland PO PSL Hungary Fidesz / KDNP Croatia HDZ HSS Lithuania TS-LKD Slovakia KDH Most-Hid SMK Romania PNL PMP RMDSZ Bulgaria GERB BCM DSB UDF Greece ND Cyprus DISY
Notes * The figures for France refer to the LR results achieved in the second round of the parliamentary elections; the shares of votes obtained by independent rights (68%) or by the UDI (ALDE) are not included. ** There have been no polls in France on the legislative elections since the last national parliamentary elections, only on European elections *** In Belgium, polls are conducted at the regional level. In order to obtain an adequate result at the national level, these results were weighted according to the number of voters (compulsory voting). Despite compulsory voting and the relatively similar voter turnout in the various regions, there may be small discrepancies. In Belgium, the partner parties CD&V, CSP and CDH only compete on a regional basis, and the results in the individual regions are weighted accordingly. The CSP only takes part in European elections. In national elections, it is part of the CDH because the Belgian House of Representatives is composed by region (Flanders, Wallonia, Brussels) and not by language community. In Luxembourg, the polls are conducted regionally, the results being weighted according to the number of voters (compulsory voting) to calculate the national strength. Despite compulsory voting and the relatively similar voter turnout in the various regions, small deviations may occur. **** In Portugal, a PSD and CDS-PP electoral alliance was formed in the last national elections, so both values of the PSD are not comparable with the result of the parliamentary elections. Further notes: In several countries (e. g. Slovenia, Bulgaria, Latvia, Lithuania), the undecided and non-voters are included in the total (100%) in the polls. The poll values have been extrapolated accordingly. Example: Party A has 13% in the polls. 30% of respondents will not vote. 20% of respondents are undecided. Accordingly, support for Party A is reported to be 26%. In Croatia, the EPP party HSS was a member of the Social Democratic People's Coalition in the elections and did not receive a separate result. Correspondingly, the data are not quite comparable; the calculation of the difference has not been made. The election result noted for the Social Democrats therefore refers to the entire electoral alliance, which also did not include PES parties (such as the HSS). In Germany, the CDU and CSU are not listed as two separate parties due to the faction community and the always aggregated polling figures. Some of the parties in the ACRE family are right-wing populist or have strong right-wing populist positions. Since this is a now (or for the time being) an established party family, parties belonging to it are listed as part of the ACRE family and not as "right-wing populist". This category, on the other hand, includes the parties belonging to the ENF or EFDD group in the EP, as well as other independent right-wing populist or right-wing extremist forces. 1 The list usually refers to the heads of government. Heads of state (in the case of a different party affiliation than the government) are only shown (separately) if they are represented in the European Council (case of Iohannis in Romania). In the case of France, no EPP participation in the government is shown, since the official EPP party LR is not officially part of the government. ² While the EPP has no member party in the UK, since February 2018, two Tory MEPs have switched from the ECR Group to the EPP Group Sources for polls: Ipsos (Belgium), Trend (Bulgaria), voxmeter (Denmark), Forsa (Germany), Kantar (Estonia), TNS (Finland), IfoP (France), Metron (Greece), YouGov (UK),BA (Ireland), Ipsos (Italy), Ipsos (Croatia), SDKS (Latvia), Vilmorus (Lithuania), Sondesfro (Luxembourg), Malta Today (Malta), Ipsos (Netherlands), RA (Austria), Ibris for Rzeczpospolita (Poland), eurosondagem(portugal), CURS(Romania), Inizio (Sweden), Focus (Slovakia), Mediana (Slovenia), NC Report (Spain), Median(Czech Rep), Szazadveg (Hungary), Symmetron (Cyprus) Contact Olaf Wientzek Coordinator for European Policy, Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung European and International Cooperation Kurfürstenstraße 84 10787 Berlin Phone: +49 -(0)30/26996-3509, Fax: -3551 E-Mail: olaf.wientzek@kas.de