Academic Session 2017-18 Worksheet-IV Book-2 Subject: Political Science Ch-5 Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress Class-12 General Instructions: Question carrying one mark should not exceed 20 words each. Question carrying two marks should not exceed 40 words each. Question carrying four marks should not exceed 100 words each. Question carrying five marks is either a passage/ picture/map Question carrying six marks should not exceed 150 words each. Please do it yourself and do not copy. 1 or 2 mark questions: a. Who became the Prime Minister of India after the death of Nehru? b. Who represented Congress (O) and Congress(R) after the split of Congress party? c. What was the Syndicate group? d. Which slogan was given by Shastri? e. Who won the Presidential elections of 1969? f. In 1966, who contested against Indira Gandhi for the post of Prime Minister from among Congress MP s? g. Which theoretical argument did Ram Manohar Lohia give in defense on non- Congressism? (CBSE 2015) h. When did the fourth general elections take place in India? i. When did the coalition politics begin? j. What role did Syndicate play? k. The results of which elections of India were called political earthquake? l. In which three state breakaway Congress legislators formed the non-congress government after 1967 elections? m. What challenges were faced by India during Shastri s Prime Ministership? n. What do you mean by SVD governments? o. What was Grand alliance? p. What does the phrase Aya Ram Gaya Ram stand for in Indian politics? q. Why did senior party leaders support Indira Gandhi as PM after the death of Shastri? r. Who was the most non-controversial leader in Nehru s cabinet? s. What is defection? 1
t. What are privy purses? u. Which slogan was given by non-congress parties during 1971 elections? v. How many seats did Congress win in 1971 elections? w. Originally, what was the election symbol of the Congress? x. Write a note on Lal Bahadur Shastri. y. What portfolio did Indira Gandhi hold in Lal Bahadur Shastri s cabinet? z. A peaceful transition of power despite intense competition for leadership was seen as a sign of maturity of India s democracy. What is the context? aa. Name 3 states where defections played a very important role in installing non Congress governments? bb. Write a note on Ram Manohar Lohia. cc. Explain the statement- One could take the train from Delhi to Howarh and not pass through a single Congress ruled state. dd. Why did Morarji Desai resign over the issue of abolition of Privy Purse? ee. Explain the issue Indira Vs. the Syndicate. (CBSE 2015) ff. Who gave the following slogans: 1. Garibi Hatao 2. Jai Jawan Jai Kisan 3. Indira Hatao Gg Match the following: (a) Syndicate (b) Defection (c) Slogan (d) Anti-Congressism i. An elected representative leaving the party on whose ticket s/he has been elected ii. A catchy phrase that attracts public attention iii. Parties with different ideological position coming together to oppose Congress and its policies iv. A group of powerful and influential leaders within the Congress 4/5 mark questions a. Analyze the factors which enhanced the popularity of Indira Gandhi in the early 1970 s. b. Why the year 1967 was considered landmark year in India s political and electoral history? Explain c. How did the outcome of 1971 elections help in restoration of Congress? d. Why the decade of 1960 s was labeled as dangerous decade? e. What is meant by defection? How has it affected the Indian political system? f. Explain the major changes which the country witnessed at the time of Fourth General Election in 1967. g. Explain the circumstances that led to the restoration of Congress Party after its split in 1969. (CBSE 2015) 2
h. Read the following passage and answer the questions: But does it mean that the Congress system was restored? What Indira Gandhi had done was not the revival of the old Congress party, in many ways she had reinvented the party. The party occupied a similar position in terms of its popularity as in the past. But it was a different kind of party which relied entirely on the popularity as in the past and on the leader s personality. It had somewhat weak organizational structure. This Congress party now did not have any factions, thus it could not accommodate all kinds of opinions and interests. While it won elections, it depended more on some social groups: the poor, the women, Dalits, Adivasis and the minorities 1. Had Indira Gandhi revived the Congress? Give reasons. 2. How did the Congress restored the Congress system? 3. Why did Congress not have all kinds of opinions and interests? 5/6 mark questions a. Discuss the factors that led to the split in the Congress party in 1969? b. Examine the grave economic crisis prior to the fourth general elections of 1967. c. What did Indira Gandhi do to revive the Congress party? d. Analyze the circumstances that favored Indira Gandhi to become Prime Minister after the death of Lal Bahadur Shastri. Mention any four achievements of Indira Gandhi that made her popular as a Prime Minister. (CBSE 2016) e. Read the passage and answer the questions given below:... Indira Gandhi changed the Congress into highly centralized and undemocratic party organization, from the earlier federal, democratic and ideological formation that Nehru had led...but this... could not have happened had not Indira Gandhi changed the entire nature of politics. This new, populist politics turned political ideology into a mere electoral discourse, use of various slogans not meant to be translated into government policies During its great electoral victories in early 1970s, amidst the celebration, the Congress party as a political organization died... SUDIPTA KAVIRAJ (a) What according to the author is the difference between the strategies of Nehru and Indira Gandhi? According to the author, main difference between the strategies of Nehru and Indira Gandhi is that Nehru led the Congress into federal, democratic and ideological in nature whereas Indira Gandhi converted it into highly centralized and undemocratic party. 3
(b) Why does the author say that the Congress party 'died' in the seventies? It is due to the changed nature of Congress, the new populist politics turned political ideology into a mere electoral discourse and the use of various slogans never meant to be translated into government policies (c) In what way, did the change in the Congress party affect other political parties also? It affected other political parties in the sense as they formed SVD (Samyukta Vidhayak Dal) in the form of coalitions and grand alliances. f. Read the passage and answer the questions given below: The defeat of the official Congress candidate formalized the split in the party. The Congress President expelled the Prime Minister from the party; she claimed that her group was the real Congress. By November 1969, the Congress group led by the syndicate came to be referred to as the Congress (Organization) and the group led by Indira Gandhi came to be called the Congress (Requisitionists). These two parties were also described as Old Congress and New Congress. Indira Gandhi projected the split as an ideological divide between socialists and conservatives, between the pro-poor and the pro-rich. 1. To which event this passage is referring? 2. Which PM was expelled from the party? 3. Give any two reasons for the split of the Congress party. 4. Which party was pro-poor and pro-rich? g. Read the passage and answer the questions given below: The expression Aya ram, Gaya ram became popular in the political vocabulary in India to describe the practice of frequent floor-crossing by legislators. Literally translated the terms meant, Ram came and Ram went. The expression originated in an amazing feat of floor crossing achieved by Gaya Lal, an MLA in Haryana, in 1967. He changed his party thrice in a fortnight, from Congress to United Front, back to Congress and then within nine hours to United Front again! It is said that when Gaya Lal declared his intention to quit the United Front and join the Congress, the Congress leader, Rao Birendra Singh brought him to Chandigarh press and declared Gaya Ram was now Aya Ram. Gaya Lal s feat was immortalized in the phrase Aya Ram, Gaya Ram which became the subject of numerous jokes and cartoons. Later, the Constitution was amended to prevent defections. 1. What is defection? 2. Who is being commented by the phrase Aya Ram, Gaya Ram? Why? 3. After which elections this feature became prominent in Indian politics? 4. Which law was passed to control defections? 4
h. Study the picture given below and answer the following questions: 1. Who is the person standing in the centre? 2. Who were the two candidates for the post of election after the death of Shastri? 3. Who are the people surrounding the lady? 4. How was the PM chosen after Shastri s death? i. Study the map given below and answer the following questions based on the information 1. Two states where Congress got majority.. 5
2. A state where disparate parties joined hands to form Popular United Front. 3. Two states where breakaway Congress legislators installed the non-congress government. j. Study the picture given below and answer the following questions: 1. What is meant by Keep right, No left turn? Keep right, no left true signifies that the United Front party by Charan Singh is formed on the basis of non-communist ideology and expected to follow rightist only. The term right refer to non-communist and left refer to communist party. 2. Mention the full form of the following:- I) B.K.D- Bhartiya Kranti Dal II) S.S.P- Samyukata Socialist party III) L.D- Lok Dal IV) B.K.S-Bihar Krnti Sabha V) What is a hung assembly? Hung assembly is an assembly which is dominated by the coalition govt. In this stability of govt. is uncertain because in most cases the coalition pertness are ideologically incongruent k. Study the picture given below and answer the following questions: 6
1. What does the cartoon represent? Presidential election of 1969 2. Identify the lady in the cartoon and why is she happy? Indira Gandhi on winning of her candidate V.V Giri in Presidential elections. 3. Who is the man wearing garland? V.V Giri 4. Who is lying on the ground? N.Sanjeeva Reddy l. Study the picture given below and answer the following questions: 1. The picture describes which election? 1971 elections 2. Give two reasons for success of Indira Gandhi in elections. Her slogan Garibi Hatao, and support from socially disadvantaged sections of society like women, adivasis, labourers, etc. 3. Who are the people standing on the ground? Grand alliance formed by non-communist and non-congress party s leaders K. On the outline map of India five places A, B, C, D and E are marked. Identify the places based on the information given below and the alphabets with the information. 7
1. In which state Lal Bahadur Shastri was cabinet minister? 2. A state where DMK party came to power after 1967 elections 3. To which state did MLA Gaya Lal belong who changed the party thrice in fortnight 4. N.Sanjeeva Reddy, the Presidential candidate belonged to which state? 5. The state where Howarh bridge is located. 8