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1 Note Tips Must be 2 column Do not write everything you see Red is what is important IF I go to fast you will have time at end Mark and/or highlight what you feel is most important Summary should be short, but contain main points covered RL Determine theme; summarize text

2 Louisiana Purchase

3 Essential Question In what ways did the Louisiana Purchase affect the United States? Think about Geography Social (life of People) Economics (making a living)

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5 Why was America Concerned?

6 Why was America Concerned? United States faced difficulty in the 1780s when the Spanish placed restrictions on travel on the Mississippi and on American shipping to and from New Orleans. Early in Jefferson s presidency, a shift occurred in the western region of the country when Spain returned the Louisiana Territory to France.

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12 Why was America Concerned? With Louisiana under the control of Napoleon Bonaparte s France, many in the United States feared new restrictions with France or worse. In April of 1802 President Jefferson sent a letter to U.S. Minister to France Robert Livingston to resolve the situation with France. Jefferson suggested that France wanted to give up control of New Orleans and the Floridas to the United States. In January of 1803, the president decided to strengthen U.S. negotiations with France. He sent James Monroe of Virginia to join Livingston in France. People concerned - farmers, merchants, manufacturers, government

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14 William & Mary College

15 The city of Charleston celebrated James Monroe's visit by barbecuing an ox, as seen in this advertisement.

16 James Monroe (standing) presiding over a cabinet meeting in 1823 that led to The Monroe Doctrine. (From left to right) John Quincy Adams, William Harris Crawford, William Wirt, John C. Calhoun, Daniel D. Tompkins, and John McLean.

17 James Monroe's grave at the Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia.

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19 Why France Sold the United States the Land. Napoleon originally wanted to send 1000 French farmers to Louisiana. They would grow food for the sugar cane workers in the French Caribbean Islands. France lost those islands during a slave revolt in Haiti. (So the farmers were not needed) BIGGEST REASON: Napoleon needed money to fight his European wars.

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22 Napoleon s Empire By 1807, Napoleon s empire stretched across Europe from the Atlantic Ocean to Russia.

23 How did the sale work? President Thomas Jefferson sent these men to France to buy New Orleans. * Robert Livingston * James Monroe To their surprise, Napoleon was willing to sell all of Louisiana. Not just New Orleans. They quickly entered into talks to finalize the Louisiana Purchase Treaty.

24 Details of the Purchase On April 30, 1803, the negotiation team agreed to the Louisiana Purchase, offering to pay $15 million for 827,000 square miles of North America. It doubled the size of the United States. Nobody knew actually how big the land really was at the time of the purchase. It included the city of New Orleans and gave the United States complete control of the Mississippi River and the entire Mississippi River Valley. 15 modern day states were created out of the Louisiana Purchase. It is considered the best land deal in history.

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26 What about the Government? With the purchase under review by Congress, Jefferson found that the Constitution did not provide for the addition of new land to the Union. He accepted that a loose interpretation of the Constitution would allow the government to purchase the land with a treaty rather than an amendment. On October 20, 19803, by a vote of 24 to 7, the Senate ratified, or formally approved, the treaty finalizing the Louisiana Purchase.

27 What About the American People? Some thought Jefferson and his diplomats had been tricked into purchasing millions of acres of useless land. Many Federalists were concerned that the growth of the country and the addition of more states to the Union would provide the Jeffersonian Republicans with additional votes and weaken the federal government

28 How did the Louisiana Purchase Become Official? On October 20, 1803, by a vote of 24 to 7, the Senate ratified, or formally approved, the treaty finalizing the Louisiana Purchase. France officially transferred the Louisiana territory on December 30, Before the French could hand over actual control to the United States, they had to gain possession of the territory from Spain. In a ceremony held in St. Louis in March 1804, the Spanish flag was symbolically lowered and replaced with the French flag. Twenty-four hours later, the French flag was lowered and the United States flag was raised west of the Mississippi for the first time.

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31 Note Tips Must be 2 column Do not write everything you see Red is what is important IF I go to fast you will have time at end Mark and/or highlight what you feel is most important Summary should be short, but contain main points covered RL Determine theme; summarize text

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