AP Government Summer Assignment. Required Reading

Transcription

1 AP Government Summer Assignment Purchase AP US Government and Politics Crash Course by Larry Kreiger ISBN This book is an excellent supplement to what you will be learning in class It is highly suggested you purchase it and read it throughout the year Summer Journal The summer journal will be required for most assignments All assignments must be completed in the journal except for the Constitution Worksheet Journal may be electronic or hard copy If electronic, journal should be saved as a folder and each assignment should be saved as a stand-alone document Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776) Declaration of Independence Required Reading Required Assignment Write a 500 word journal entry comparing and contrasting the Virginia Declaration of Rights and the Declaration of Independence What principles can be found in both documents? Read the Constitution of the United States and the Bill of Rights Required Assignment Complete the Constitution Worksheet This worksheet is extremely useful for studying for the AP Exam and is required to understand the concepts discussed throughout the semester Required Assignment Complete the AP Government Vocabulary and Questions To Which You Should Know The Answers Worksheet Can be completed in Journal as multiple entries or as one large document Mayflower Compact Federalist Papers 10, 51, 78 Brutus (Anti-Federalist Papers) I, XI, XII, XV Washington s Farewell Address Gettysburg Address Lincoln s Inaugural Speeches Suggested Readings

2 AP Economics Summer Assignment Required Reading The Law by Frederick Bastiat Required Assignment This is a very short book discussing the nature of economics in society You are required to write a minimum of four journal entries discussing what you have read Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith Suggested Readings ALL SUMMER ASSIGNMENTS ARE DUE ON SECOND DAY OF CLASS IF NOT TAKING ECONOMICS OR GOVERNMENT UNTIL THE SPRING SEMESTER, THE ASSIGNMENT FOR THE SPRING CLASS IS DUE THE SECOND DAY OF SPRING SEMESTER

3 ~n Jfntroburtion to tbe mlniteb ~tate!( ~on!(titution Directions: Read the Constitution and complete the following questions directly on this handout This assignment is due September 16th Use this chart or write on a separate sheet of paper There will be a quiz after the due date l)art Jf: 'Otbe berall ~trurture of tbe ~om~titution Read each article of the Constitution Summarize the general purpose or subject of each article in sentence format in the chart below Identify General Purpose Article I Article II Article Ill Article IV Article V Article VI Article VII

4 2 Compare Article I with Article II Which Article is longer and more detailed? Why do you think that this is the case? 3 Identify two powers denied from Congress in the Constitution 4 How does the House of Representatives determine the rules of proceedings (the ability to have filibusters, riders, etc)? 5 Identify two powers the Constitution prohibits from the states 6 What eligibility requirements does the Constitution establish for members of the House? 7 What eligibility standards does the Constitution establish for members of the Senate? 8 What eligibility requirements does the Constitution establish for the President? 9 The powers of the Constitution that are specifically granted to the branches of government or to office holders are called expressed powers a Identify two expressed powers of the President: b Identify the expressed powers of the Vice-President: c Identify five expressed powers of Congress: 10 According to the principle of checks and balances, each branch of the government must have the ability to limit the power of the other branches Look at the first three articles of the Constitution and identify one of each type of checks and balances Indicate where each power is listed in the Constitution a A power that the executive branch has over the legislative branch and where found b A power that the executive branch holds over the judicial branch and where found c A power that the legislative branch holds over the executive branch and where found d A power that the legislative branch holds over the judicial branch and where found e A power that the judicial branch holds over the executive branch and where found f A power that the judicial holds over the legislative branch and where found

5 11 The court of ohyij11j]jurisdiction is the first court that hears a case Appellate courts hear cases on appeal from lower com LS Although the Supreme Court functions primarily as an appellate court, it is the court of original jurisdiction in certain kinds of cases What are these? 12 According to Article I of the Constitution, who has the power to declare war? 13 What power does the Constitution give the President in the area of war?,jart 1Hf: ;1Majoritp anb ~upermajoritp The Constitution requires a simple majority for some actions and a supermajority for others A simple majority means more than half, while supermajority requirements can involve 2/3 majority or% majority Most elections in the United States require a plurality, or the most votes, but not necessarily a majority 14 Presidential Veto a What bodies have the power to override a presidential veto? b What margin is required to override a presidential veto? c Where in the Constitution is the veto power described? 15 Treaties a What body has the power to ratify treaties? b What margin is required to ratify treaties? c Where in the Constitution is the ratification power described? 16 To impeach means to bring charges against or indict a What body has the power to impeach the President? b What margin is required to impeach the President? c Where in the Constitution is the impeachment power described? 17 Supreme Court Nominations a What body has the power to accept or reject a president's nominations to the Supreme Court? b What margin is required to elevate a president's nominee to a seat on the Court? c Where in the Constitution are judicial nominations described? 18 Elections a If no candidate for the presidency wins a simple majority of the total number of electoral votes, what body has the power to elect the president? b What margin is required to choose the president? c Where in the Constitution is the Electoral College described? (hint: there are 2 parts)

6 19 The Constitution specifies a% majority for just one process 20 The Constitution has comparatively little to say about the structure and composition of the Supreme Court Identify two aspects of the Court's structure and composition that the Constitution does NOT specify (Hint: the Constitution does specify these two basic aspects of structure and composition for the other two branches) 21 List all parts of the Constitution that require a supermajority For each, explain why you believe there is a supermajority requirement 22 See Article VI Explain the supremacy clause in your own words 23 What are two ways that amendments to the constitution can be proposed? 24 What are two ways that amendments to the Constitution can be ratified? ~a:rt lf3jlf: 'OI:be ~menbment~ to tbe Ql:on~titution The first ten amendments to the Constitution also known as the Bill of Rights, protects citizens from an abuse of power by the majority In other words, no majority could vote to take these rights away They are inalienable Read each amendment to the Constitution and answer the questions below 25 Outline the general purpose of the first ten amendments pt Amendment 2nd Amendment

7 3rd Amendment 4th Amendment 5th Amendment 6th Amendment 7th Amendment 8th Amendment gth Amendment 10th Amendment 26 What is the total number of Amendments to the Constitution? 27 Summarize the last amendment to the Constitution 28 When were the first ten amendments to the Constitution ratified? 29 Which amendment{s) address and protect the rights of women? 31 Summarize the sixteenth amendment 32 Summarize the seventeenth amendment 33 How were US Senators chosen before the seventeenth amendment? 34 Identify {by number) amendments that

8 a Extend individual rights b Extend civil rights (including voting rights) c Prohibited certain practices by states d Changed specific language in the Constitution 35 Summarize the twenty-second amendment 36 Outline the sequence of events that occurs in presidential succession according to the twentyfifth amendment 37 Summarize the twenty-sixth amendment 38 Howmany times does the word "privacy" exist in the Constitution Articles/amendments? 39 In the first amendment, what are the two separate clauses that detail religion? 40 What do each of these clauses mean?

9 AP GOVERNMENT Identification: Write a complete definition for each of the following terms/names You should be familiar with all these terms by the start of the course Foundations and the Constitution 1 John Locke 16 Federalist Papers 31 Ex post facto law 2 social contract 17 Virginia Plan 32 Bill of Rights 3 Natural Rights 18 New Jersey Plan 33 Proportional Representation 4 State of Nature 19 The Great (or Connecticut Compromise 34 Enumerated Powers 5 unalienable rights 20 Republic 35 Separated Powers 6 Thomas Hobbes 21 judicial review 36 Necessary and Proper Clause 7 Democracy 22 separation of powers 37 Apportionment 8 Oligarchy 23 federalism 38 Supremacy Clause 9 Monarchy 24 Popular sovereignty 40 Treason 10 Mixed Government 25 Federalists and 41 Fugitive Slave Clause Antifederalists 11 Articles of 26 James Madison 42 Veto Confederation 12 Constitutional 27 Alexander Hamilton 43 Electoral College Convention 13 Shays s Rebellion 28 Federalist Nos 10 and Original Jurisdiction 14 Northwest Ordinance 29 Coalition 45 Appellate Jurisdiction 15 factions 30 Bill of Attainder 46 Charles Beard

10 Federalism 1 Federalism 14 Concurrent Powers 27 referendum 2 Devolution 15 Implied Powers 28 recall 3 Sovereignty 16 Denied Powers 29 grants-in-aid 4 Unitary System 17 John Marshall 30 categorical grants 5 Confederation 18 Nullification 31 block grants 6 Tenth Amendment 19 Kentucky and Virginia 32 revenue sharing 7 Supremacy Clause (Article Resolutions grants 20 John C Calhoun 33 Mandates VI) 8 Elastic or Necessary and 21 Dual Federalism th Congress Proper Clause (Art I, Section 8, Clause 18) 9 Commerce Clause (Art I, section 8, clause 3) 22 Layer Cake Federalism 35 Unfunded Mandates 10 Full Faith and Credit 23 Marble Cake Federalism 36 Conditions of Aid Clause (Art IV, Sec 1) 11 Privileges and Immunities 24 Creative Federalism and The 37 Devolution 12 Clause (Art IV, sec 2) Enumerated Powers (national) {also called Expressed or Delegated Powers} Great Society (LBJ) 25 New Federalism (Competitive Federalism) 38 Second-order devolution 13 Reserved Powers (state) 26 initiative 39 Third-order devolution

11 The Legislative Branch (Congress) 1 franking privilege 27 descriptive representation 53 Public bill 2 unicameral 28 substantive representation 54 Private bill 3 bicameral 29 sophomore surge 56 Simple resolution 4 Speaker of the House 30 privileged speech 57 Concurrent resolution 5 Henry Clay 31 Edmund Burke 58 Joint resolution 6 Newt Gingrich 32 Representational theory 59 multiple referral 7 Denny Hastert 33 Organizational theory 60 sequential referral 8 Party caucus 34 Attitudinal theory 61 discharge petition 9 Rules Committee 35 President Pro Tempore 62 closed rule 10 filibuster 36 Majority and Minority leaders 63 open rule th Amendment 37 Party Whip 64 restrictive rule 12 Rule Steering Committee 65 quorum 13 cloture 39 Committee on Committees 66 quorum call 14 term limits 40 Policy Committee 67 cloture rule 15 US Term Limits, Inc v Thornton (1995) 41 Party polarization 68 double-tracking 16 Marginal districts 42 Caucus 69 voice vote 17 Safe districts 43 Congressional Black Caucus 70 standing vote 18 House Banking scandal 44 Blue Dog Democrats 71 roll-call vote 19 House Post office scandal 45 Standing Committees 72 rider 20 malapportionment 46 Select Committees 73 Christmas Tree bill 21 gerrymandering 47 Joint Committees 74 Committee of the Whole 22 majority-minority districts 48 Conference Committees 75 Congressional Accountability Act 23 Wesberry v Sanders Seniority system 76 Pork-Barrel Politics 24 Baker v Carr (1962) 50 Congressional Research Service 77 Abscam (CRS) 25 one man, one vote 51 General Accounting Office 78 Congressional courtesy (GAO) 26 Shaw v Reno (1993) 52 Congressional Budget Office (CBO) 79 logrolling

12 The Executive Branch (The Presidency) 1 Divided government 23 United States v Nixon (1973) 45 Laissez-faire economics 2 Unified Government 24 Congressional Budget and th Amendment Impoundment Act (1974) 3 Representative democracy 25 Impoundment 47 Discretionary authority 4 Direct democracy 26 War Powers Act (1973) 48 Competitive service 5 Electoral college 27 Trustee approach and 49 Office of Personnel Delegate model Management 6 Faithless electors 28 Independent Counsel law 50 Excepted service 7 Pyramid structure 29 Lame duck 51 Merit system 8 Circular structure 30 Presidential Succession Act 52 Civil Service Reform Act of of Ad hoc structure th Amendment 53 Hatch Act (1933 and 1993) 10 Cabinet nd Amendment 54 Whistle Blower Protection Act (1989) 11 Executive Office of the th Amendment 55 Issues network President 12 Office of Management 34 Impeachment 56 Authorization legislation and Budget (OMB) 13 National Security 35 Bully Pulpit 57 Appropriations Council (NSC) 14 Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) 36 Inherent power 58 Committee clearance 15 Executive Agencies 37 Executive orders 59 Legislative veto 16 Independent Agencies 38 Approval ratings 60 INS v Chadha 1983) 17 Acting appointments 39 Imperial presidency 61 Red tape 18 Presidential honeymoon 40 Rule of propinquity 62 National Performance Review 19 Veto message and pocket veto 41 bureaucracy 63 Going native 20 Line-item veto 42 patronage 64 Freedom of Information Act (1966) 21 Clinton v New York City (1998) 43 spoils system 65 National Environmental Policy Act (1969) 22 Executive privilege 44 Pendleton Act (1883)

13 The Federal Judiciary (Supreme Court & Federal Courts) 1 Judicial review 21 Robert Bork 40 Sovereign immunity 2 Strict constructionist 22 Antonin Scalia 41 Class action suit 3 Judicial activist 23 Clarence Thomas 42 Law clerks 4 Federalist No David Souter 43 Briefs 5 Marbury v Madison (1803) 25 Ruth Bader Ginsburg 44 Amicus curiae 6 John Marshall 26 Warren Court 45 Solicitor General 7 McCulloch v Maryland 27 Burger Court 46 per curiam opinion (1819) 8 Gibbons v Ogden (1824) 28 Rehnquist Court 47 Opinion of the Court 9 Dred Scott v Sanford (1857) 29 Dual Court System 48 Concurring opinion 10 Roger B Taney 30 Federal-question 49 Dissenting opinion cases 11 Court packing plan 31 Civil law 50 Stare decisis 12 Constitutional court 32 Criminal law 51 Political question 13 District court 33 Dual sovereignty 52 Remedy 14 Courts of Appeals 34 Writ of certiorari 53 Court order 15 Legislative courts 35 In forma pauperis 54 Impeachment 16 Senatorial courtesy 36 Fee shifting 55 Appellate jurisdiction 17 Blue Slips 37 Plaintiff 56 Concurrent jurisdiction 18 Litmus test 38 Defendant 57 Exclusive jurisdiction 19 Gang of Standing 58 Original jurisdiction 20 William Rehnquist

14 QUESTIONS TO WHICH YOU SHOULD KNOW THE ANSWERS 1 List four sources that influence people s political ideology 2 List four methods of political participation 3 Explain four factors that may explain decreases in voter turnout 4 Explain four reasons why parties have been in decline 5 List five functions of political parties 6 Explain six reasons why political parties are weak today 7 Explain four reasons why it is disadvantageous to have a weak party system 8 List three reasons why minor parties have so much trouble winning elections today 9 List four differences between presidential and Congressional campaigns 10 List six ways that the media has contributed to candidate-centered campaigns 11 List four methods that interest groups use to influence policy makers 12 List six ways that election campaigns have changed as the result of changes in the media in the past 5-10 years 13 What were five weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and how did the Constitution improve on these weaknesses? 14 What were four criticisms that Anti-federalists had against the Constitution? 15 What were four arguments that Federalists had in favor of the Constitution? 16 What were four major keys to the ratification of the Constitution 17 What are three parts of the Constitution that have been used to expand federal power? 18 Describe four models of federalism 19 Explain four advantages of federalism 20 Explain four disadvantages of federalism