9/10/12. Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive Presidents
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1 Theodore Roosevelt and the Progressive Presidents 1
2 Progressivism: a cross party movement to make American wealth into prosperity for all All levels of gov t needed to respond to this problem Understanding Check: The primary group behind the organization of the Progressive Movement was the A. Labor unions B. Middle class C. Upper Class D. Immigrants TR: Family Background Born sickly to a NYC Knickerbocker family TR s Dad forces him to live the strenuous life Father dies prematurely; spent rest of his life trying to live up to Father s expectations Cattle Rancher in North Dakota 2
3 Both Alice Roosevelts Feb : TR s Mother and Alice Roosevelt die on the same day Previous Experience: a Career of Reform NYC Police Commissioner Under Sec. Of Navy Rough Rider Governor of NY, kicked upstairs to Vice Presidency 3
4 YOUR TURN: BEING A WAR HERO RELEVANT FOR THE QUALIFICATIONS OF A POLITICIAN. A: STRONGLY AGREE B: AGREE C: DISAGREE D: STRONGLY DISAGREE E: NOT SURE The Square Deal: liberal conservatism Promised to balance the needs of big business with the needs of the average person Middle Ground of reform A New Kind of Presidency Presidential Power Bully Pulpit Go On the Road- speak to the American people PR Man 4
5 One editor wrote that "nuthing escapes Mr. Rucevelt. No subject is tu hi fr him to takl, nor tu lo fr him to notis." Understanding Check: Theodore Roosevelt use the bully pulpit of the presidency for what purpose? A. Pressure Congress to pass his laws. B. Appoint members of the Supreme Court C. Influence the private behaviors of Americans D. Raise campaign contributions E. Influence the role the church played in American politics TR targets bad trusts 1st prez to enforce the Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) Went after Northern Securities (own 3 NW railroads)filed suit against 44 corporations for being bad Roosevelt: The Trust Buster Went after communities of interest heads of companies who fix prices 5
6 Your Turn: In your opinion, is there such a thing as a good trust? A: Yes B: No C: Not Sure Anthracite Coal Strike 1902 Heads of different companies the that meet to fix prices are known as a A. Community of Interest B. Trust C. Monopoly D. Corporation 6
7 Food Purity and Meat Inspections Acts Hepburn Act of 1906 Constitutionally debatable: uses right to regulate interstate commerce Railroads regulated to have just and reasonable rates Corporations must have uniform system of accounting Created the Depts. of Labor and Commerce TR: The Real Environmental President Newlands Act: Irrigates western farmland and uses proceeds to fund conservation 7
8 Good Bye Bear, Hello Rat! The Taft Presidency:Many Critics TR s handpicked successor Not charismatic Passed the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Pinchot (forestry) - Ballinger (Interior) Supported Joe Cannon (head of the Old Guard) : Taft controlled too much by traditional republicans Which statement about the environmental laws of the US do you agree with MOST A. There are too many environmental laws. B. The US does a poor job protecting the environment. C. The US has quality environmental laws and enforcement. 8
9 The Taft Tub Understanding Check: The Newlands Act was paid for by: A. Higher Taxes B. Bonds C. Wealthy Donations courtesy of TR s bully pulpit. D. Land sales TR banned from Republican nat l convention Forms Progressive (Bull Moose Party) Bull Moose! 9
10 TR s Bull Moose Campaign 1912 The Election of 1912 TR creates The New Nationalism: a more progressive form of the Square Deal Race between TR, NJ Progressive Gov.. Woodrow Wilson The Non Factors take votes from TR: Eugene Debs (Socialist): Too Radical Taft: Too Conservative Republican Split puts Wilson into Office 10
11 TR justified the constitutionality of the Hepburn Act by saying that the authority to regulate the railroads was part of Congress right to A. regulate interstate commerce B. use the elastic clause C. Powers as commander in Chief D. use the 14th amendment check the power of the executive branch Personal Qualities: Woodrow Wilson: the Professor President The New Freedom: Promised to attack all monopolies not just bad ones Promised to attack The Triple Wall of Privilege : trusts, tariffs and banking The Underwood-Simmons Act 11
12 Federal Reserve Act Keating-Owen Act Clayton Anti-Trust Act 12
13 Supported continuing segregation in D.C. offices Did not support 19th Amendment giving women the right to vote Went after war protesters during WWI Limits of Wilson 13
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