(1870) 15 th Amendment: Male Suffrage
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1 (1870) 15 th Amendment: Male Suffrage
2 Period 6: Chapter 23: The Gilded Age ( ) EQ: What economic, political and social challenges did the new nation face after Reconstruction (1877)? Objectives: 1. Analyze the political impact that of the Gilded Age created in the US. 2. Examine the Election of 1876 and how it ended Reconstruction. 3. Evaluate the ways white-southern governments restricted the rights of African Americans after Reconstruction. Chapter 23 Word Bank: 1. Boss Tweed & T. Nast 2. US Grant s Scandals 3. Election of Ways African Americans had rights curbed. 5. (1896) Plessy v. Ferguson 6. (1883) Pendleton Act
3 Period 6: Chapter 23: The Gilded Age ( ) The Platform of Lunacy GUITEAU
4 I. (1873) Mark Twain & C. Warner: The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today A. Gilded Age: Economy prosperous on the backs of the workers. 1. Conspicuous Consumption: Wealthy spending $ freely.
5 B. Rise of Cities: 1. (1850s+) William Boss Tweed: NYC s corrupt Tammany Hall (Political Machine). 2. Exposed by political cartoonist Thomas Nast (Convicted in 1877). VOTE EARLY, VOTE OFTEN. TWEED and His Tweed Ring TWEED NAST NAST
6 TWEED S RING
7 Grant s Bloody Shirt Campaign U.S. Grant (R-IL) Schuyler Colfax (R-IN) Horatio Seymour (D-NY) Francis Blair (D-MO) COLORS? RED = DEMOCRATS? BLUE = REPUBLICANS?
8 Time Zones were est. because of railroad lines. 3. (1869) Transcontinental Railroad completed: Govt. for RR with land. (Time zones est.) Chinese Immigrants Promontory Point, Utah Irish Immigrants
9 DO NOT COPY! The Golden Spike (Stanford Univeristy)
10 C. President U.S. Grant s Scandals (NOT involved): ( ) 1. (1869) Stockbrokers Jim Fisk & Jay Gould: *Tried to corner the gold market. 2. (1872) The Crédit Mobilier: Congressmen bribed by The Union Pacific RR. 3. (1873) Salary Grab Act: Grant signed bill that increased pay for ALL 3 BRANCHES. 4. (1875) Whiskey Ring: Distillers bribed federal tax collectors. (Excise tax) *Grant s brother-in-law got $25k GRANT FISK GOULD
11 D. The Election of 1876: Sen. Roscoe Conkling s (R-NY) Stalwarts (Grant s 3 rd term?) 1. Sam Tilden (D-NY) had (184) EC votes and Rutherford Hayes (R-OH) (165). 2. FL, SC, LA and (OR 1) had not submitted votes yet. (Total of 20!) 3. Compromise of 1877: Democrats wanted a deal: (Solid South = Votes Democrat) VP Candidates: Will Wheeler (R-NY) Tom Hendricks (D-IN) What about African Americans? Peter Cooper (NY)
12 4. Hayes (R) gets the 20 votes, AND ELECTION; his total (185 = Majority). 5. The Southern Democrats wanted Union troops OUT! Reconstruction is OVER! What happens after Reconstruction ends, and Union Troops leave in 1877 in the South? Jim Crow Laws, poll taxes, literacy tests, Grandfather Clause, etc. African American men, later African American women (1920), will have a tough time voting the South.
13 Senator Hiram Revels (R-MS) Senator Bruce Blanche (R-MS) Elected before Radical Reconstruction ends.
14 All were elected before Radical Reconstruction ends.
15 The Literacy Tests Were Harder! Less African Americans Could Register to Vote. (1915) Frank Guinn v. US the Grandfather Clause was deemed unconstitutional. The South just found new ways to stop African American men from voting
16 African Americans were also threatened NOT to vote in the South.
17 ? Impact of literacy tests, poll taxes, grandfather taxes, etc.???
18 The South During Radical Reconstruction The South AFTER Radical Reconstruction Grant Hayes
19 II. Rights Curbed After Reconstruction Ends in 1877: A. Black Codes: Condition of slavery (Sharecroppers/tenant farmers). B. Secret Societies: Ku Klux Klan/White League terrorized former slaves. C. Grandfather Clause: Grandfather voted in 1868, so can you. (???) What happens to African American Reconstructionpolitical gains when Union Soldiers leave in1877+?
20 D. Poll Tax: Tax to vote. E. Literacy Test: Must pass to vote. F. Jim Crow Laws. Est. state segregation.
21 G. (1875) Civil Rights Act: Same public lodging, but was unconstitutional by (1883) Civil Rights Cases: Govt. no power to enforce 14th Am. on private property. H. (1896) Plessy v. Ferguson: Comité des Citoyens tested LA s Separate Car Act. 1. (1896) SC est. that separate but equal state segregation laws are Constitutional. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Homer Plessy - Homer Plessy (octoroon?) bought a ticket for the whites only car " arrested. - Judge John Ferguson ruled in favor of East Louisiana RR Co.; - Plessy had to pay $25 (Appeal)
22 I. (1882) Chinese Exclusion Act: Prohibited Chinese Immigrants. J. (1898) U.S. v. Wong Kim Ark: Held up 14th Am. for Asian children born in the U.S.
23 III. Miscellaneous: A. (1867) Seward s Folly: Sec. of State W. Seward bought Alaska from Russia ($7.2m) B. The Panic of 1873 = Too many (RR/coal mine) loans + no profit. 1. (1875) Resumption Act: Removal of paper $; (1879) Paper $ returns. Impact on Farmers?
24 C. (1883) Pendleton Act: Response to the assassination of President James Garfield. 1. Civil Service Commission: Exams for govt. jobs stalled patronage in politics. Charles Guiteau Oneida Community? Impact on the spoils system? July 2, 1881 Sept. 19, 1881 (11 weeks)
25 Guiteau was sentenced to death.
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