Bill S-6 and the First Nations Elections Act: The Modernization/Paternalization of Voting under the Indian Act
|
|
- Francis Griffith
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Volume 15, No. 3 July 2012 Aboriginal Law Section Bill S-6 and the First Nations Elections Act: The Modernization/Paternalization of Voting under the Indian Act J. Douglas Shanks* and Jordan R.D. Lester** The Harper government has introduced Bill S-6 1, short title First Nations Elections Act, in an attempt to reform voting procedures in First Nations elections. The Prime Minister referred to the Bill as a creative and collaborative way to shed a part of the Indian Act and to achieve practical, incremental real change. 2 Beginning in October 2010, the Minister of Aboriginal Affairs collaborated with leaders from the Atlantic Policy Congress of First Nations Chiefs (APC) and the Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs (AMC) to develop recommendations on a bill to address concerns about the election process under the Indian Act 3 (the Indian Act ). According to Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, of the 617 First Nations in Canada, 240 (roughly 40 percent) hold elections in accordance with the provisions of the Indian Act. 4 The remainders have community-designed election codes, or select their leaders under the rules in their self-government agreements. The election of Chiefs and Band Councils is currently dealt with under sections 74 to 79 of the Indian Act, and the regulations thereunder. Some of the key concerns of these provisions surround, among other things, the process for nominating candidates, the elections appeals system, and the length of office term. Bill S-6 addresses these concerns, but as will be discussed throughout this article, still comes up short in its attempt to shed government paternalism from First Nations elections. 1 An Act respecting the election and term of office of chiefs and councillors of certain First Nations and the composition of council of those First Nations, 1 st Sess., 41 st Parl., 2011 [Bill S-6], online: Parliament of Canada < 7>. 2 Ontario, Legislative Assembly, Debates of the Senate (Hansard), 41 st Parl. 1 st sess., No. 148(2) (15 March 2012) at 1630 (Hon. Dennis Patterson), online: Parliament of Canada < [Hon. Dennis Patterson, Third Reading]. 3 R.S.C. 1985, c. I-5 [Indian Act]. 4 Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, Backgrounder First Nations Elections Act (6 December 2012), online: AANDC <
2 2 Logic behind Bill S-6 The ultimate goal of Bill S-6 is to modernize First Nations elections. 5 To do so, the federal government is attempting to introduce clear, consistent, and reliable framework that First Nations communities can use to elect effective governments. 6 The Honourable Senator Dennis Patterson said in third reading that Bill S-6 makes it possible for each First Nation community to address its electoral needs, priorities and directions on its own terms. 7 The irony of this statement is that the Bill actually goes further than the AMC and APC recommendations, allowing for more Ministerial discretion, including the ability to include First Nations as participating First Nations within a schedule without the First Nations opt-in or consent. 8 Effectively, Bill S-6 is opt-in legislation for First Nations that conduct their elections under the Indian Act. Even if a First Nation does not currently follow the Indian Act with respect to its elections, Bill S-6 allows a First Nation to be added to the schedule of the First Nations Elections Act upon request. 9 This request will take the form of a band council resolution. Many First Nations have a long-standing practice for electing chiefs and band council members. The federal government recognizes this, hence the seemingly voluntary nature of Bill S-6. As a further safeguard to protecting the interest of First Nations, section 35(1) of the Constitution Act, protects the right of aboriginal peoples to self-government. While several of the changes introduced by the Bill do reflect this understanding, either mistakenly or intentionally, Bill S-6 does appear to give the federal government the power to significantly interfere with a First Nations right to self-government. Nevertheless, elections of First Nations under the Indian Act were in such a state as to encourage the AMC, APC, and federal government to come together to improve electoral fairness. Notable features of Bill S-6 5 Ontario, Legislative Assembly, Debates of the Senate (Hansard), 41 st Parl. 1 st sess., No. 148 (8 December 2011) at 1540 (Hon. Dennis Patterson), online: Parliament of Canada < e.htm?language=e#48>. 6 Hon. Dennis Patterson, Third Reading, above note 2. 7 Ibid. at Bill S-6, above no 1 at cls. 3(1)(b) and (c). 9 Ibid. at cl. 3(1)(a). 10 being Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982 (U.K.), 1982, c. 11.
3 Chief and council hold office for four year 11 Under section 78 of the Indian Act, the chief and councillors of a band can only hold office for two years. One of the criticisms of this provision is that two year terms of office are far too short to accomplish priorities. As well, most appeals and litigation relating to an election s results last far longer than two years. Obviously, this short length for a term can lead to instability following an election. Bill S-6 addresses this issue by bringing First Nations elections in line with the length of term for office of the federal, provincial, and most municipal governments. Candidacy and nominations procedure 12 Section 75 of the Indian Act sets out the eligibility requirements for a person to be nominated as a candidate for an election as chief or councillor. However, this section is noticeably thin. Bill S-6 adds more structure to the process, introducing some seemingly obvious provisions, such as: an elector cannot become a candidate unless the elector provides his or her consent, 13 an elector may not be nominated as candidate for chief and councillor in the same election, 14 and an elector must not nominate more than one candidate for the position of chief or councillor. 15 An analysis of these new provisions suggests that under the Indian Act, a candidate could have been nominated for chief and councillor, against his or her will, by a person who had nominated several other people as well. It should be noted however that the Indian Band Election Regulations do provide for a process of withdrawing a nomination after the fact. 16 Contested elections 17 Under section 79 of the Indian Act, the Governor in Council was able to set aside the election of a candidate based solely on the advice of the Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development. The Indian Band Election Regulations current lays out the procedure for appealing an election result to the Minister/Governor in Council. 18 This is effectively the only appeal mechanism provided for under the Indian Act. Under Bill S-6, the Minister has no role in receiving, investigating or deciding election appeals. Instead, an elector of a participating First Nation may contest the election of a chief or councillor to either the Federal Court or Superior Court of the Province where the community is located. 19 If the Court is satisfied that a contravention of the First Nations 11 Bill S-6, above note 1 at cl. 28(1). 12 Ibid. at cl Ibid. at cl. 9(3)(b). 14 Ibid. at cl. 9(2). 15 Ibid. at cl. 9(4). 16 Indian Band Election Regulations, CRC, C. 952, s. 4.5 [Indian Band Election Regulations]. 17 Bill S-6, above note 1 at cl Indian Band Election Regulations, above note 16 at ss Bill S-6, above note 1 at cl. 31.
4 4 Elections Act occurred and it is likely to have affected the result, the Court may set aside the contested election. 20 Offences and penalties 21 Under the Indian Act, the only penalty for contravening the elections provisions is to have the election set aside. 22 Other than that, there are no defined offences and penalties. With Bill S-6 come provisions similar to other election laws, laying out penalties for defined offences such as obstructing the electoral process and engaging in corrupt activities in relation to an election. 23 Violating the First Nations Elections Act can bring a penalty of up to 5 years in prison or a fine of up to $5, These provisions give the statutory regime teeth and suggest that democratic protection will be taken very seriously. Comments on Bill S-6 The Standing Senate Committee on Aboriginal Peoples (the Committee ) provided several observations about Bill S The Committee took issue with several clauses, including the provision on election appeals. By switching the appeals process from the Minister to the Courts, Bill S-6 does not achieve the objective of establishing an efficient, accessible and low-cost appeals process. 26 The reason for this criticism is that the costs of going to Court could be prohibitive for those who cannot afford litigation. The Canadian Bar Association s National Aboriginal Law Section echoes this criticism, noting that a court-based appeal system would also be time consuming. 27 The AMC and APC recommended the establishment of an independent and impartial appeals body. According to the CBA, this would provide a more cost effective, accessible, and culturally appropriate method of dispute resolution. 28 Another issue the Committee had with Bill S-6 was the powers granted to the Minister to add First Nations to the schedule of participating First Nations under clauses 3(1)(b) and 3(1)(c). According to the Committee, these provisions continue a colonial and paternalistic approach to First Nations governance. 29 The Committee recommended that these provisions only be used in the rarest of cases, whereas the 20 Ibid. at cl. 35(1). 21 Ibid. at cl Indian Act, above note 3 at s Bill S-6, above note 1 at cl. 37(1). 24 Ibid. at cl The Standing Senate Committee on Aboriginal Peoples, Observations to the Fourth Report of the Standing Senate Committee on Aboriginal Peoples (Bill S-6), No. 4 (13 March 2012) (Chair: Hon. Gerry St. Germain), online: Parliament of Canada [The Standing Senate Committee Observations]. 26 Ibid. 27 Letter from Aimée E. Craft, Chair of the Aboriginal Law Section of The Canadian Bar Association, to the Hon. Gerry St. Germain (28 February 2012) re Bill S-6, First Nations Elections Act at p. 5, online: CBA< [CBA Letter]. 28 Ibid. at p The Standing Senate Committee Observations, above note 25.
5 CBA went one-step further, recommending that these powers only be exercised in relation to First Nations currently governed by customary elections if approved by a majority of secret votes by a majority of the electors of that First Nation, or as approved in accordance with prevailing customary practices. 30 Senator Lillian Eva Dyck raised an interesting point in her criticism of Bill S-6, specifically clause 3(1)(b). She said that as pressure mounts to increase natural resource development on or near First Nation land, there is great potential for significant dissension, and as First Nation communities, provincial governments and private sector organizations try to negotiate agreements, there likely will be protracted leadership disputes in First Nation communities. 31 This is turn, the Honourable Senator said, could lead to abuse of the clause by the federal government. During third reading of the Bill, Senator Dennis Patterson said, [o]n the face of it, it looks like the perpetuation of the paternal approach, but it will bring struggling First Nations into a much more modern electoral system. 32 This statement speaks volumes about the misdirection of Bill S-6. First Nations have an inherent right to self-government, and the ultimate goal of the federal government should be for First Nations to develop their own custom election codes or other self-government arrangement reflecting their own history and traditions. Bill S-6 fails to do this. While some of the provisions of Bill S-6 are required in order to have a properly functioning election, it does nothing to promote the creation of self-government agreements. * J. Douglas Shanks is a partner with the firm of Cheadles LLP in Thunder Bay. Doug was called to the Bar in Doug practices mainly in the fields of corporate/commercial and business law and also has extensive experience in civil litigation. ** Jordan R.D. Lester is a student-at-law at Cheadles LLP in Thunder Bay. Prior to entering law, Jordan spent several years as a reporter for the CBC. Beginning in August 2012, he will be articling as a clerk at the Superior Court of Justice in Thunder Bay. 30 Ibid.; CBA Letter, above note 27 at pp Ontario, Legislative Assembly, Debates of the Senate (Hansard), 41 st Parl. 1 st sess., No. 148(2) (3 April 2012) at 1940 (Hon. Lillian Eva Dyck), online: Parliament of Canada 32 Hon. Dennis Patterson, Third Reading above, note 2 at 1650.
Harper Government Unilateral federal legislation imposing over First Nations:
Harper Government Unilateral federal legislation imposing over First Nations: Bill C-45 Jobs and Growth Act 2012 (omnibus bill) Status of Bill: Completed 3 rd Reading at House of Commons; completed 1 st
More informationBill S-8 Bill S-11. An Act respecting the safety of drinking water on First Nation lands
Clause by Clause Comparison: Bill S-8, An Act respecting the safety of drinking water on First Nation lands (February 29, 2012) and Bill S-11, An Act respecting the safety of drinking water on first nation
More information2ND SESSION, 41ST LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 66 ELIZABETH II, Bill 68. (Chapter 10 of the Statutes of Ontario, 2017)
2ND SESSION, 41ST LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 66 ELIZABETH II, 2017 Bill 68 (Chapter 10 of the Statutes of Ontario, 2017) An Act to amend various Acts in relation to municipalities The Hon. B. Mauro Minister
More informationREGISTRAR, LOBBYISTS ACT OFFICE OF THE ETHICS COMMISSIONER PROVINCE OF ALBERTA
REGISTRAR, LOBBYISTS ACT OFFICE OF THE ETHICS COMMISSIONER PROVINCE OF ALBERTA February 1, 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION... 1 TYPES OF LOBBYISTS... 1 1. Organization Lobbyist... 1 2. Consultant Lobbyist...
More informationOLTHUIS KLEER TOWHSHEND LLP MEMORANDUM. Briefing Book: Current Federal Legislative Amendments Affecting First Nations
Briefing Book: Current Federal Legislative Amendments Affecting First Nations Prepared by Lorraine Land, Andrea Bradley and Liora Zimmerman Olthuis Kleer Townshend LLP December 21, 2012 1 Index Document
More informationI. Election Code Template
I. Election Code Template Preamble A. Generic Model This sample code provided here is intended to outline possible directions only and does not constitute legal advice. Communities must ascertain for themselves
More information2ND SESSION, 41ST LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 66 ELIZABETH II, Bill 68. An Act to amend various Acts in relation to municipalities
2ND SESSION, 41ST LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 66 ELIZABETH II, 2017 Bill 68 An Act to amend various Acts in relation to municipalities The Hon. B. Mauro Minister of Municipal Affairs Government Bill 1st Reading
More informationThe Local Government Election Act, 2015
1 LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTION, 2015 c. L-30.11 The Local Government Election Act, 2015 being Chapter L-30.11* of The Statutes of Saskatchewan, 2015 (effective January 1, 2016) as amended by the Statutes
More informationCity of Kingston. Ontario. By-Law Number A By-law To Regulate Election Signs In The City of Kingston
City of Kingston Ontario By-Law Number 2014-16 A By-law To Regulate Election Signs In The City of Kingston Amending By-Laws: Passed: December 17, 2013 Updated: March 20, 2018 By-law Number Date Passed
More informationOVERVIEW OF A RECOGNITION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INDIGENOUS RIGHTS FRAMEWORK
OVERVIEW OF A RECOGNITION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INDIGENOUS RIGHTS FRAMEWORK Background The Government of Canada is committed to renewing the relationship with First Nations, Inuit and Métis based on the
More informationKey Elements of a Stand Alone Citizenship Code (24 Elements) MODEL. Expresses the beliefs, values, philosophy and, or principles of the First Nation;
INHERENT RIGHT TEMPLATE Key Elements of a Stand Alone Citizenship Code 1. Preamble Expresses the beliefs, values, philosophy and, or principles of the First Nation; 2. Title States the title of the code;
More informationSENATE NOMINEE ELECTION BILL. No. 60. An Act to provide for the Election of Saskatchewan Senate Nominees TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 BILL No. 60 An Act to provide for the Election of Saskatchewan Senate Nominees TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I Preliminary Matters 1 Short title 2 Interpretation PART II Senate Nominees List 3 Senate nominees
More information1ST SESSION, 42ND LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 67 ELIZABETH II, Bill 5. (Chapter 11 of the Statutes of Ontario, 2018)
1ST SESSION, 42ND LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 67 ELIZABETH II, 2018 Bill 5 (Chapter 11 of the Statutes of Ontario, 2018) An Act to amend the City of Toronto Act, 2006, the Municipal Act, 2001 and the Municipal
More informationLOBBYISTS. The Lobbyists Act. being
1 LOBBYISTS c. L-27.01 The Lobbyists Act being Chapter L-27.01 of the Statutes of Saskatchewan, 2014 (effective August 23, 2016) as amended by the Statutes of Saskatchewan, 2015, c.21. NOTE: This consolidation
More information2018 MUNICIPAL ELECTION INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
2018 MUNICIPAL ELECTION INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES Table of Contents PART A: Basic Information Important Dates 3 Elected Offices 4 PART B: Qualifications Member of Council 5 Elector Qualifications 5 Disqualification
More informationCANADA. Date of Elections: July 8, Purpose of Elections
CANADA Date of Elections: July 8, 1974 Purpose of Elections Elections were held for all the members of the House of Commons, whose terms of office came prematurely to an end on May 9, 1974. Previous federal
More informationOFFICE OF THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST COMMISSIONER PROVINCE OF NEW BRUNSWICK
OFFICE OF THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST COMMISSIONER PROVINCE OF NEW BRUNSWICK REPORT TO THE SPEAKER OF THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF NEW BRUNSWICK OF THE INVESTIGATION BY THE HON. ALFRED R. LANDRY, Q.C. CONFLICT
More informationB I L L. (Assented to ) HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, enacts as follows:
B I L L No. 186 An Act to amend The Cities Act, The Municipalities Act and The Northern Municipalities Act, 2010 and to make related and consequential amendments to The Ombudsman Act, 2012 and The Planning
More informationResearch Papers. Contents
` Legislative Library and Research Services Research Papers WHEN DO ONTARIO ACTS AND REGULATIONS COME INTO FORCE? Research Paper B31 (revised March 2018) Revised by Tamara Hauerstock Research Officer Legislative
More informationBill C-21: An Act to amend the Canada Elections Act (accountability with respect to political loans)
Bill C-21: An Act to amend the Canada Elections Act (accountability with respect to political loans) Publication No. 41-1-C21-E 17 November 2011 Michel Bédard Legal and Legislative Affairs Division Parliamentary
More informationTHE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF BURLINGTON BY-LAW NUMBER XX A by-law to regulate election signs in the City of Burlington
Appendix B to PB-19-18 THE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF BURLINGTON BY-LAW NUMBER XX-2018 A by-law to regulate election signs in the City of Burlington WHEREAS, section 11 of the Municipal Act authorizes
More informationBill S-2: An Act to amend the Motor Vehicle Safety Act and to make a consequential amendment to another Act. Alexandre Lavoie Nicole Sweeney
Bill S-2: An Act to amend the Motor Vehicle Safety Act and to make a consequential amendment to another Act Publication No. 42-1-S2-E 3 June 2016 Revised 6 February 2017 Alexandre Lavoie Nicole Sweeney
More informationSummary of the Administration of DEA Elections in 2019
Summary of the Administration of DEA Elections in 2019 Repealing of the Local Authorities Elections Act On April 1, 2019, the Local Authorities Elections Act will be repealed and the Nunavut Elections
More informationGoals for Today. Membership Codes. Brought to you by: Skeetchestn Indian Band Council and Administration, and Sonya Pighin Law
Brought to you by: Skeetchestn Indian Band Council and Administration, and Sonya Pighin Law Goals for Today 1. Overview of Membership Codes 2. Overview of why SIB is reviewing and revising the 1987 Membership
More informationA FRAMEWORK FOR POLICE PREPAREDNESS FOR ABORIGINAL CRITICAL INCIDENTS
A FRAMEWORK FOR POLICE PREPAREDNESS FOR ABORIGINAL CRITICAL INCIDENTS FIELD SUPPORT BUREAU PROVINCIAL COMMAND, FIELD & TRAFFIC SERVICES Page 1 of 11 INTRODUCTION The Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) is
More information2018 Municipal Election. Candidate Kit Municipal Election- Candidate s Guide Town of Tillsonburg Page 1 of 17
2018 Municipal Election Candidate Kit Page 1 of 17 Contents INTRODUCTION... 4 CONTACT INFORMATION... 4 IMPORTANT DATES... 4 ELECTED OFFICES... 5 MEMBERS OF COUNCIL... 5 COUNCIL MEETING 2018 SCHEDULE...
More informationCanada: Implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
Canada: Implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Joint Submission to the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination 93 rd Session, 31 July - 25
More informationBILL NO nd Session, 63rd General Assembly Nova Scotia 67 Elizabeth II, An Act Respecting the Control of Body Armour
BILL NO. 32 Government Bill 2nd Session, 63rd General Assembly Nova Scotia 67 Elizabeth II, 2018 An Act Respecting the Control of Body Armour CHAPTER 22 ACTS OF 2018 AS ASSENTED TO BY THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR
More informationProfessional Engineers Act Loi sur les ingénieurs
Professional Engineers Act Loi sur les ingénieurs R.R.O. 1990, REGULATION 941 GENERAL Consolidation Period: From April 2, 2015 to the e-laws currency date. Last amendment: O. Reg. 71/15. This Regulation
More informationRobin MacKay Mayra Perez-Leclerc. Publication No C7-E 20 July 2016
Bill C-7: An Act to amend the Public Service Labour Relations Act, the Public Service Labour Relations and Employment Board Act and other Acts and to provide for certain other measures Publication No.
More informationThe Assessment Management Agency Act
1 The Assessment Management Agency Act being Chapter A-28.1 of the Statutes of Saskatchewan, 1986 (consult Table of Saskatchewan Statutes for effective date) as amended by the Statutes of Saskatchewan,
More informationELECTIONS. Elections of directors and officers of the National Board conducted at a National Convention;
Liberal Party of Canada Party By-law 6 ELECTIONS 1. APPLICATION 1.1 This By-law is made pursuant to Section 17 of the Constitution of the Liberal Party of Canada (as adopted May 28, 2016 and as amended,
More informationACCESS, OPENNESS, ACCOUNTABILITY: A Guide to the Newfoundland and Labrador Registry of Lobbyists
ACCESS, OPENNESS, ACCOUNTABILITY: A Guide to the Newfoundland and Labrador Registry of Lobbyists TABLE OF CONTENTS AN OVERVIEW OF THE LOBBYIST REGISTRATION ACT 3 INTRODUCTION 3 DEFINITIONS 4 LOBBYING 4
More informationOFFICE CONSOLIDATION BY-LAW
OFFICE CONSOLIDATION BY-LAW 334-2013 (Amended by By-law 132-2014) A by-law to delegate the power to appoint a Screening Officer and Hearings Officer to adjudicate Reviews and Appeals of Administrative
More informationDefenders of the Land & Idle No More Networks
Defenders of the Land & Idle No More Networks PRESS RELEASE Defenders of the Land & Idle No More Condemn Government of Canada s 10 Principles (August 25, 2017) When the Government of Canada s released
More information2009 Bill 205. Second Session, 27th Legislature, 58 Elizabeth II THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF ALBERTA BILL 205
2009 Bill 205 Second Session, 27th Legislature, 58 Elizabeth II THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF ALBERTA BILL 205 ELECTION FINANCES AND CONTRIBUTIONS DISCLOSURE (THIRD PARTY ADVERTISING) AMENDMENT ACT, 2009
More information2017 Bill 214. Third Session, 29th Legislature, 66 Elizabeth II THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF ALBERTA BILL 214
2017 Bill 214 Third Session, 29th Legislature, 66 Elizabeth II THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF ALBERTA BILL 214 AN ACT TO REGULATE POLITICAL ACTION COMMITTEES DR. SWANN First Reading.................................................
More informationThe Lobbying Act. Karen E. Shepherd Commissioner. February 8, Commissariat au lobbying du Canada
Office of the Commissioner of Lobbying of Canada Commissariat au lobbying du Canada The Lobbying Act Karen E. Shepherd Commissioner February 8, 2012 Lobbying Legislation in Canada From 1965 to 1985, several
More informationDRAFT FOR CONSULTATION
DRAFT FOR CONSULTATION Incorporated Societies Bill Government Bill [To come] Explanatory note Consultation draft Hon Paul Goldsmith Incorporated Societies Bill Government Bill Contents Page 1 Title 9
More information2ND SESSION, 41ST LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 66 ELIZABETH II, Bill 158
2ND SESSION, 41ST LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 66 ELIZABETH II, 2017 Bill 158 An Act to amend the Highway Traffic Act in respect of harm to vulnerable road users Ms C. DiNovo Private Member s Bill 1st Reading
More informationParliamentary Information and Research Service. Legislative Summary BILL C-3: INTERNATIONAL BRIDGES AND TUNNELS ACT
Legislative Summary LS-524E BILL C-3: INTERNATIONAL BRIDGES AND TUNNELS ACT David Johansen Law and Government Division 8 May 2006 Revised 19 April 2007 Library of Parliament Bibliothèque du Parlement Parliamentary
More informationTripartite Education Framework Agreement
Tripartite Education Framework Agreement Artwork by Laatya James of Sen Pok Chin School TRIPARTITE EDUCATION FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT This Agreement is dated for reference the day of, 2012 (the Effective Date
More informationINTRODUCTION. This guide will be updated periodically. Please notify the Clerks Department of any changes to your mailing and/or address.
INTRODUCTION This guide has been prepared for the purpose of supplying information to persons intending to stand for elected office. This guide is available electronically on Callanders website at www.mycallander.ca.
More informationRural Municipality of Mount Stewart, PEI A Bylaw for Municipal Elections Proceedings Bylaw #
Rural Municipality of Mount Stewart, PEI A Bylaw for Municipal Elections Proceedings Bylaw # 2018 18 BE IT ENACTED by the Council of the Rural Municipality of Mount Stewart as follows: PART I INTERPRETATION
More informationBill C-48: An Act to amend the Canada Grain Act and to make consequential amendments to other Acts
Bill C-48: An Act to amend the Canada Grain Act and to make consequential amendments to other Acts Publication No. 41-2-C48-E 30 January 2015 Penny Becklumb Khamla Heminthavong Economics, Resources and
More informationCANADIAN HUMAN RIGHTS TRIBUNAL. - and - CANADIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION. - and -
Docket: T1340/7008 CANADIAN HUMAN RIGHTS TRIBUNAL BETWEEN: FIRST NATIONS CHILD AND FAMILY CARING SOCIETY OF CANADA and ASSEMBLY OF FIRST NATIONS - and - CANADIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION - and - ATTORNEY
More informationOverview of Background, Purpose, Applicability and Resources
A Framework for Police Preparedness for Aboriginal Critical Incidents Chiefs of Ontario Critical Response Issue The mandate of the Ipperwash Inquiry, particularly in part two of the Inquiry is to make
More informationModel Parliament Unit
Model Unit Glossary Act of. A bill that has been passed by both the House of Commons and the Senate, has received Royal Assent and has been proclaimed. adjournment. The ending of a sitting of the Senate
More information2018 Bill 8. Fourth Session, 29th Legislature, 67 Elizabeth II THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF ALBERTA BILL 8 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AMENDMENT ACT, 2018
2018 Bill 8 Fourth Session, 29th Legislature, 67 Elizabeth II THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF ALBERTA BILL 8 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AMENDMENT ACT, 2018 THE MINISTER OF MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS First Reading.......................................................
More informationBill C-337 Judicial Accountability through Sexual Assault Law Training Act
Bill C-337 Judicial Accountability through Sexual Assault Law Training Act CANADIAN BAR ASSOCIATION CRIMINAL JUSTICE SECTION April 2017 500-865 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5S8 tel/tél : 613.237.2925
More informationPUBLIC PROSECUTION SERVICE OF CANADA
PUBLIC PROSECUTION SERVICE OF CANADA Report on Plans and Priorities 2007-2008 Public Prosecution Service of Canada Service des poursuites pénales du Canada Public Prosecution Service of Canada TABLE OF
More informationTHE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF MISSISSAUGA DISCHARGE OF FIREARMS BY-LAW
THE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF MISSISSAUGA DISCHARGE OF FIREARMS BY-LAW 271-11 WHEREAS subsection 11 (2) 1. of the Municipal Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c.25, as amended (the Municipal Act, 2001 ) provides that
More informationHUU-AY-AHT FIRST NATIONS
HUU-AY-AHT FIRST NATIONS TRIBUNAL ACT The Huu-ay-aht Legislature enacts this law to establish an independent tribunal to provide for effective Huu-ay-aht dispute resolution. 2 REGISTRY OF LAWS CERTIFICATION
More informationBill S-3: An Act to amend the Indian Act in response to the Superior Court of Quebec decision in Descheneaux c. Canada (Procureur général)
Bill S-3: An Act to amend the Indian Act in response to the Superior Court of Quebec decision in Descheneaux c. Canada (Procureur général) Publication No. 42-1-S3-E 22 February 2017 Revised 12 March 2018
More informationPart 2 The Law Society
Part 2 The Law Society Division 1 - Administration Archives 2-1 The archives of the society must be in the custody of the chief executive officer at such location as the chief executive officer deems appropriate.
More informationLeadership Rules 2017
Leadership Rules 2017 1. CANADA ELECTIONS ACT a) All candidates will be subject to the regulations put forth in the Canada Elections Act. 2. CHIEF ELECTORAL OFFICER a) A Chief Electoral Officer (CEO) will
More informationCompliance and Enforcement Policy under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, 2012
Compliance and Enforcement Policy under the Canadian Environmental Assessment Act, 2012 January 2016 This page has been left intentionally blank Document Information Disclaimer This policy is not a substitute
More informationBarriers and Levers for the Implementation of OCAP
The International Indigenous Policy Journal Volume 5 Issue 2 The Governance of Indigenous Information Article 3 April 2014 Barriers and Levers for the Implementation of OCAP * First Nations Information
More informationB10 ELECTION OF PARENT AND STAFF GOVERNORS
B10 ELECTION OF PARENT AND STAFF GOVERNORS Reference Points Education Act 2002 School Governance (Constitution) (England) Regulations 2007 and amendments School Governance (Constitution) (England) Regulations
More informationThe Summary Offences Procedure Act, 1990
Consolidated to June 9, 2015 1 SUMMARY OFFENCES PROCEDURE, 1990 c.s-63.1 The Summary Offences Procedure Act, 1990 being Chapter S-63.1* of the Statutes of Saskatchewan, 1990-91 (effective January 1, 1991)
More information1990 CHAPTER S HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, enacts as follows:
1990 CHAPTER S-63.1 An Act respecting Summary Offences Procedure and Certain consequential amendments resulting from the enactment of this Act (Assented to June 22, 1990) HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice
More information2018 Municipal Election Verification of Eligibility... 1
Nomination/Registration Procedures Updated: July 12, 2018 2018 Municipal Election... 1 Verification of Eligibility... 1 Providing Identification... 1 No Permanent Address... 2 Qualifications of a Candidate...
More informationBefore the Constitution
A Referendum 0 1980: The Parti Quebecois gov t of Quebec called a referendum on whether Quebec sovereignty. 0 He wanted to negotiate a new agreement with Canada based on sovereignty-association. 0 Under
More informationChapter 1: How Effectively Does Canada s Federal Political System Govern Canada for all Canadians?
Chapter 1: How Effectively Does Canada s Federal Political System Govern Canada for all Canadians? In this section you will be looking for: 1) How governance* in Canada creates opportunities and challenges
More information4. Being a Canadian Citizen
4. Being a Canadian Citizen This activity examines Canadian citizenship and the benefits and privilege it extends. Materials Needed: Book From Far and Wide: A Canadian Citizenship Scrapbook by Jo Bannatyne-Cugnet
More informationNews Release. For Immediate Release: January 23, 2012
For Immediate Release: January 23, 2012 News Release British Columbia First Nations Leaders are looking ahead to First Nations/Crown Gathering on January 24, 2012 507-100 Park Royal South West Vancouver,
More informationUNDRIP: Lands, Territories & Resources and the Indigenous Forests in Canada
UNDRIP: Lands, Territories & Resources and the Indigenous Forests in Canada By Russell Diabo NAFA National Meeting on Indigenous Forest Certainty March 8, 2018, Stolen Algonquin Territory (Gatineau, Quebec)
More informationDecember 17, XXX Xxxxxxxxxxxx Xxx. Toronto, Ontario XxX XxX
December 17, 2007 XXX Xxxxxxxxxxxx Xxx. Toronto, Ontario XxX XxX The Honourable Robert Douglas Nicholson Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada 284 Wellington Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0H8
More informationACADIA FIRST NATION ELECTION 2015 HANDBOOK
ACADIA FIRST NATION ELECTION 2015 HANDBOOK Prepared under the authority of Electoral Officer 1 In accordance with the Bylaws of the Acadia First Nation, the process to be followed for the 2015 Election
More informationCanadian Multiculturalism Act
ANEXO 1 Canadian Multiculturalism Act ( R.S. 1985, c. 24 (4th Supp.) ) Disclaimer: These documents are not the official versions (more). Source: http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/c-18.7/text.html Updated to
More informationDÉLįNĘ GOT įnę GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS ACT SEPTEMBER 1, 2016
DÉLįNĘ GOT įnę GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS ACT SEPTEMBER 1, 2016 - 2 - TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS 3 CITATION 3 APPLICATION 3 DEFINITIONS 3 TERM OF OFFICE 4 PART 2 ELECTION OF ʔEKW AHTı DÉ AND
More informationNOMINATION PAPER OF A CANDIDATE AT A FEDERAL GENERAL ELECTION OR BY-ELECTION. (As required under section 66 of the Canada Elections Act)
EC 20010 (01/2018) PROTECTED WHEN COMPLETED NOMINATION PAPER A CANDIDATE AT A FEDERAL GENERAL ELECTION OR BY-ELECTION (As required under section 66 of the Canada Elections Act) TO BE FILED AFTER THE ISSUE
More informationOffices of the Legislative Assembly Estimates. General Revenue Fund
Offices of the Legislative Assembly s General Revenue Fund Offices of the Legislative Assembly s General Revenue Fund Presented by the Honourable Doug Horner Deputy Premier President of Treasury Board
More informationFIRST NATIONS CHILD AND FAMILY CARING SOCIETY OF CANADA and ASSEMBLY OF FIRST NATIONS CANADIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION. and ATTORNEY GENERAL OF CANADA
File No. T1340/7008 CANADIAN HUMAN RIGHTS TRIBUNAL B E T W E E N: FIRST NATIONS CHILD AND FAMILY CARING SOCIETY OF CANADA and ASSEMBLY OF FIRST NATIONS PART I - OVERVIEW CANADIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION
More informationNon-smokers' Health Act
Non-smokers' Health Act ( R.S. 1985, c. 15 (4th Supp.) ) Disclaimer: These documents are not the official versions (more). Source: http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/n-23.6/text.html Updated to December 31,
More informationMNO Secretariat Bylaws
MNO Secretariat Bylaws: AGA Approved August 28, 2016 AGA Approved August 28, 2016 MNO Secretariat Bylaws 1. These are the Bylaws of the Métis Nation of Ontario Secretariat (the MNO ) that represents the
More informationToronto Municipal Code Chapter 140, Lobbying
19 STAFF REPORT ACTION REQUIRED Toronto Municipal Code Chapter 140, Lobbying Date: December 3, 2015 To: From: The Board of Governors of Exhibition Place City Solicitor Wards: Reference Number: SUMMARY
More informationELECTION FINANCES AND CONTRIBUTIONS DISCLOSURE ACT
Province of Alberta ELECTION FINANCES AND CONTRIBUTIONS DISCLOSURE ACT Revised Statutes of Alberta 2000 Current as of January 1, 2018 Office Consolidation Published by Alberta Queen s Printer Alberta Queen
More informationBill 80. Lobbying Transparency and Ethics Act. Introduction. Introduced by Mr Paul Bégin Minister of Justice
SECOND SESSION THIRTY-SIXTH LEGISLATURE Bill 80 Lobbying Transparency and Ethics Act Introduction Introduced by Mr Paul Bégin Minister of Justice Québec Official Publisher 2002 1 EXPLANATORY NOTES The
More informationOffice of Integrity (Ethics) Commissioner
Council Minutes December 9, 2015 1 Minute No. 44 Report Executive Policy Committee December 2, 2015 Item No. 6 Office of Integrity (Ethics) Commissioner COUNCIL DECISION: Council concurred in the recommendation
More informationBILL C-24: AN ACT TO AMEND THE CANADA ELECTIONS ACT AND THE INCOME TAX ACT (POLITICAL FINANCING)
LS-448E BILL C-24: AN ACT TO AMEND THE CANADA ELECTIONS ACT AND THE INCOME TAX ACT (POLITICAL FINANCING) Prepared by: James R. Robertson, Principal Law and Government Division 5 February 2003 Revised 11
More informationTHE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF MISSISSAUGA SMOKING BY-LAW 94-14
THE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF MISSISSAUGA SMOKING BY-LAW 94-14 (amended by 180-15, 137-18) WHEREAS second-hand smoke is the smoke from lighted tobacco, and there is no known safe level of exposure to
More informationWHAT WE HEARD SO FAR
WHAT WE HEARD SO FAR National Engagement with Indigenous Peoples on the Recognition and Implementation of Indigenous Rights February-June 2018 ** Please note that all What we Heard statements included
More informationTHE PUBLIC INTEREST DISCLOSURE (WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION) ACT
THE PUBLIC INTEREST DISCLOSURE (WHISTLEBLOWER PROTECTION) ACT Provision PART 1 PURPOSE AND DEFINITIONS Purpose of this Act 1 The purpose of this Act is (a) to facilitate the disclosure and investigation
More informationParliamentary Information and Research Service. Legislative Summary BILL C-2: THE FEDERAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT
Legislative Summary LS-522E BILL C-2: THE FEDERAL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT Law and Government Division Political and Social Affairs Division Economics Division 21 April 2006 Library of Parliament Bibliothèque
More informationBILL NO. 30. An Act to Amend the Plebiscites Act
HOUSE USE ONLY CHAIR: WITH / WITHOUT 2nd SESSION, 65th GENERAL ASSEMBLY Province of Prince Edward Island 65 ELIZABETH II, 2016 BILL NO. 30 An Act to Amend the Plebiscites Act Honourable H. Wade MacLauchlan
More informationThe New Mandatory Data Breach Requirements under Canada s Federal Privacy Act
The New Mandatory Data Breach Requirements under Canada s Federal Privacy Act Lisa R. Lifshitz, Partner, Torkin Manes LLP Prepared for the Cyberspace Law Committee Meeting ABA Business Law Spring Meeting,
More informationBylaw # "Fireworks Bylaw"
BEING A BYLAW OF ALBERTA BEACH, IN THE PROVINCE OF ALBERTA TO PROHIBIT THE POSSESSION, SALE, STORAGE, PURCHASE AND DISCHARGE OF FIREWORKS BY ANY PERSON OTHER THEN A PERSON IN POSSESSION OF A VALID FIREWORKS
More informationTHE CENSUS ACT, 1948 ACT NO. 37 OF [3rd September, 1948.] An Act to provide for certain matters in connection with the taking of census.
THE CENSUS ACT, 1948 ACT NO. 37 OF 1948 1 [3rd September, 1948.] An Act to provide for certain matters in connection with the taking of census. WHEREAS it is expedient to provide for the taking of census
More informationBill C-50: An Act to amend the Canada Elections Act (political financing)
Bill C-50: An Act to amend the Canada Elections Act (political financing) Publication No. 42-1-C50-E 13 September 2017 Dara Lithwick Sebastian Spano Legal and Social Affairs Division Parliamentary Information
More informationBY-LAW TOWN OF EDSON
TOWN OF EDSON BY-LAW 21 54 BEING A BYLAW OF THE TOWN OF EDSON, IN THE PROVINCE OF ALBERTA, TO PROHIBIT THE INSTALLATION AND USE OF OUTDOOR WOOD OR SOLID FUEL BURNING APPLIANCES WHEREAS Section 7 of the
More informationThe Apprenticeship and Trade Certification Act
1 The Apprenticeship and Trade Certification Act Repealed by Chapter A-22.2 of the Statutes of Saskatchewan, 1999 (effective October 1, 1999) Formerly Chapter A-22.1 of the Statutes of Saskatchewan, 1984-85-86
More informationReconciling Indigenous Legal Traditions and Human Rights Law Indigenous Bar Association ~ 2011 Fall Conference
Reconciling Indigenous Legal Traditions and Human Rights Law Indigenous Bar Association ~ 2011 Fall Conference Canadian Human Rights Commission October 1, 2011 Outline 1. The Role of Law in Reconciliation
More informationTHE THREE YEAR REVIEW OF C-36 ANTI- TERRORISM ACT: THE ONGOING CONSEQUENCES AND IMPACT FOR CANADIAN CHARITIES
ANTI-TERRORISM AND CHARITY LAW ALERT NO.7 JULY 21, 2005 Editor: Terrance S. Carter THE THREE YEAR REVIEW OF C-36 ANTI- TERRORISM ACT: THE ONGOING CONSEQUENCES AND IMPACT FOR CANADIAN CHARITIES By Terrance
More informationC-451 Workplace Psychological Harassment Prevention Act
Proposed Canadian National Law C-451 Workplace Psychological Harassment Prevention Act Second Session, Thirty-seventh Parliament, 51-52 Elizabeth II, 2002-2003 An Act to prevent psychological harassment
More informationCOURT OF QUEEN S BENCH OF MANITOBA
Summary conviction appeal from a Judicial Justice of the Peace and Provincial Court Judge Date: 20181031 Docket: CR 17-01-36275 (Winnipeg Centre) Indexed as: R. v. Grant Cited as: 2018 MBQB 171 COURT OF
More informationROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED POLICE ACT [FEDERAL]
PDF Version [Printer-friendly - ideal for printing entire document] ROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED POLICE ACT [FEDERAL] Published by As it read up until August 19th, 2012 Updated To: Important: Printing multiple
More information2ND SESSION, 41ST LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 66 ELIZABETH II, Bill 39. (Chapter 6 of the Statutes of Ontario, 2017)
2ND SESSION, 41ST LEGISLATURE, ONTARIO 66 ELIZABETH II, 2017 Bill 39 (Chapter 6 of the Statutes of Ontario, 2017) An Act to amend the Aggregate Resources Act and the Mining Act The Hon. K. McGarry Minister
More informationHouse of Lords Reform developments in the 2010 Parliament
House of Lords Reform developments in the 2010 Parliament Standard Note: SN/PC/7080 Last updated: 12 January 2015 Author: Section Richard Kelly Parliament and Constitution Centre Following the Government
More informationDRAFT OMBUDSMAN ACT FOR THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES
TABLED DOCUMENT 322-17(5) TABLED ON OCTOBER 1, 2015 DRAFT OMBUDSMAN ACT FOR THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES LEGEND 1. This Draft Act was prepared based on similar legislation in other Canadian jurisdictions
More information