Consequences of the War of 1812

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1 Consequences of the War of 1812 Collapse of Federalist Party Era of Good Feelings Monroe Presidency Bring factions togethersimilar to Washington Last of Revolutionary Founding Fathers Appointed former Federalist to positions (JQA-Sectary of State) Rush-Bagot Treaty 1818 Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 Monroe Doctrine st Major Foreign Policy States US intentions in Western hemisphere

2 Consequences of the War of 1812 Andrew Jackson Invades Spanish Florida (without instructions or permission) on pretense of Seminole uprising prompts Spain to agree to Adams- Onis Treaty Panic of 1819 First national financial Panic Consequences: Bad feelings towards US (Federal) bank and higher protective tariffs Farmers realize their dependency on distant markets and need for improved transportation

3 Consequences of the War of : Missouri Compromise: Mo. Slave state for admission of Maine as free state Line 36/30 for slavery postpones slavery issue again. Viewed at the time as a southern victory but South concedes the right of Congress to prohibit slavery in territories THEREFORE slaves are distinct from other types of property that can be transported anywhere Reelection of James Monroe Federalists Dead Democratic-Republicans begin to splitter along sectional lines Denmark Vesey s Plot-1822 Free African American-South Carolina Violent plot of slave revolt spoiledsevere consequences

4 Marshall Court Bolstered the power of the federal govt. at the expense of the states. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)- B.U.S. Implied Powers & Loose Construction Cohens v. Virginia (1821)- SCOTUS has right to review decisions of state s courts Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)- Congress controls interstate commerce

5 Democrats and Whigs Democracy and American Culture,

6 Andrew Jackson and His Age The Corrupt Bargain Era of Good Feelings-Monroe End of the Two Party System- All Democrat-Republican Crawford- Sec of Treasury JQA- Sec of State Clay-Speaker of House Jackson- Tenn Senator House of Rep votes on President- 12 th Amendment JQA-President Henry Clay- Secretary of State The Election of 1824 and JQA American System Above Partisan Politics/Virtuous Citizen

7 Andrew Jackson and His Age Election of 1828 and Democratic Party Modern Party Politics Mudslinging Reign of King Mob Spoils System Rotation System Bring In New Blood/No overturn since 1800 Reward party cronies/not skilled civil servants Peggy Eaton Affair-Rift Jackson/VP Calhoun Kitchen Cabinet General Jackson s mother was a common prostitute, brought to this country by the British soldiers! She afterwards married a Mulatto man with whom she had several children, of which number General Jackson is one. Corrupt Bargain Adams can read and write but Jackson can fight!

8 Andrew Jackson and His Age States Rights and the Nullification Crisis Tariff of Abominations (1828)- Raised tariff 45% South Feared Retaliation on cotton VP Calhoun secretly denounces Tariff South proposes nullification referring to VA & KY Resolutions Jackson Does Not Support State s Rights Compromise Tariff of Lowered tariff 35% SC held convention and nullified tariff Jackson s Force Bill to use force & Tariff of 1833 Lowered tariff again I told you, I would hang the first one who refused to follow the tariff!

9 Tariff of Abominations

10 Andrew Jackson and His Age Views on the Native Americans Jackson and Democrats committed to westward expansion Federal Policy Varied Sovereign Nations Individuals & States violate treaties Assimilation Native Americans stranded as States expand Removal Assimilation Five Civilized Tribes Cherokee Nation-Georgia Agriculture w/ slaves, alphabet, legal code, & Constitution 1827 Indian Removal Act-1830 Transplant ALL east of Mississippi- permanent only 15 years Bureau of Indian Affairs MVB, later recalled. Jackson wanted 1st Remove the Indians, 2nd Halt Internal Improvements, & 3rd Kill the B.U.S.

11 Andrew Jackson and His Age Cherokee v. Georgia-1831 GA attempted to assert state law concerning land Cherokee Won- SCOTUS "domestic dependent nation" under the protection and tutelage of the United States. Worchester v. Georgia SCOTUS stated Georgia had violated the Cherokee Nation's sovereign status and wrongfully intruded into its special treaty relationship with the United States. Jackson- Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it. Trail Of Tears-Death of 4,000+ Treaty of Echota- Not recognized by ALL Cherokees Cherokee Petition 1838-Trail Begins & Ends Oklahoma Passed Senate by 1 vote!!! Henry Clay and Daniel Webster voted NO!!!

12 Andrew Jackson and His Age Internal Improvements National Roads essential to connect West to the Nation Jackson s veto of Maysville Road Bill of 1830 shocked many He was a Western but believed funding for roads were unconstitutional Jackson was intent on defeating Clay s American System

13 Andrew Jackson and His Age Bank of the United States B.U.S. Economic Stabilizer US Money ($10 Million) Government Bonds Commercial Loans Opponents & Jackson distrust due to Panic of 1819 & wealth centered in NE Jackson Vetoed Re-charter of B.U.S.- Bank Veto Speech Violates Supreme Court Case of Maryland v. McColluch Election of st Nomination Conventions Jackson vs. Henry Clay & Anti-Masonic Party Pet Banks Cabinet & Congress objected Jackson s interpretation of presidential powers The bank is trying to kill me, but I will kill it! and he did. End of American System and beginning of 2 nd Two Party System

14 Democrats, Whigs, and the Second Party System Rise of Whig Party Opposition to Jackson and the Bank War Heir to Federalist American System Social Reform Election of 1836 Martin Van Buren vs. 4 Whig Candidates

15 Democrats, Whigs, and the Second Party System Economic Crisis Panic of 1837 Caused by Pet Banks & Jackson s Specie Circular 10% unemployed & lasts until 1843 Soup kitchens and charities was private and no government assistance Presidency of Martin Van Buren Van Ruin

16 Election of 1840 Log Cabin Campaign Whigs borrow Democrats Political Strategy-War Hero Modern Day Tactics William Henry HarrisonWhig Tippecanoe and Tyler Too Election of 1840 Van Buren vs. William Henry Harrison His Accidency John Tyler Kicked out of Whig Party Conflict between President and Congress Harrison is a impoverished old farmer who should be content with a pension, a log cabin, and a barrel of hard cider.