Fold Here. -Architecture -Diaries -Historical markers -Interviews -Letters -Monuments -Photographs -Speeches

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1 1 Name some examples of primary research sources. -Architecture -Diaries -Historical markers -Interviews -Letters -Monuments -Photographs -Speeches 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.1a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.1a Name some examples of secondary research sources. -Atlases -Biographies -Computer databases -Government publications -Encyclopedias -Newspapers -Telephone Directories -Textbooks 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.1a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.1a Why is George Washington referred to as the Father of Our Country?. George Washington provided the leadership that was needed to establish the United States of America. He provided a model of leadership for future presidents Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6a Why is James Madison referred to as the Father of the Constitution? James Madison s strong note-taking skills and his skills at compromise helped the delegates of the Constitutional Convention reach agreement during the process of writing the Constitution of the United States of America Henrico County Public Schools /Grade 5 SOL VS.6a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS 6.a

2 2 Who was the Virginian who helped establish the new government by serving as President of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787? George Washington 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6a How did James Madison earn the title of Father of the Constitution? James Madison s skills at compromise helped bring differing ideas together, earning him the title of the Father of the Constitution Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6a What was the influence of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom on the United States Constitution? The Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom was the basis for the First Amendment of the United States Constitution Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b Who drafted the Virginia Declaration of Rights? George Mason 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b

3 3 What were two of the rights included in the Virginia Declaration of Rights? -Freedom of Religion -Freedom of the Press 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b Who wrote the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom? Thomas Jefferson 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b What right was included in the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom? All people should be free to worship as they please Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b As part of the Virginia Constitution, what formed the basis of the Bill of Rights, the first Ten Amendments to the United States Constitution? The Virginia Declaration of Rights (or also known as the Virginia Bill of Rights), was drafted by George Mason in It formed the basis of the Bill of Rights (the first Ten Amendments to the United States Constitution) Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6b

4 4 After the American Revolution, what geographic factors influenced Virginians to move to the western frontier of Virginia and beyond? Virginians needed better soil for farming. Virginians wanted larger areas of land and new economic opportunities Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.6c What is the meaning of secession? Secession means to break away from a group, such as the southern states pulling away from the United States of America. What was considered a slave state during the Civil War? A slave state was a state that recognized the practice of owning slaves. What was considered a free state during the Civil War? A free state was a state that did not recognize the practice of owning slaves.

5 5 During the 1800s, what was the meaning of abolition? Abolition meant to put an end to slavery in the United States. What conflicts developed between the northern and southern states following the American Revolution that led to the Civil War? The northern region of the United States was industrialized. The southern region was agricultural and needed slave labor. Northern states wanted new states to be free states and southern states wanted them to be slave states. What were some of the reasons Virginia seceded from the Union? Nat Turner led a revolt against plantation owners in Virginia. John Brown led a raid at Harpers Ferry, Virginia trying to start a slave rebellion. After Abraham Lincoln became President of the United States, Virginia and some other southern states seceded. Why did the western counties of Virginia decide to become a new state, which was named, West Virginia? There was conflict between the eastern counties of Virginia that relied on slavery, and the western counties that favored abolition.

6 6 What were some of the provisions of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850? The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 indicated that it was illegal to help slaves escape. It required all citizens to help capture and return runaway slaves. People caught helping slaves escape were heavily fined. What was the Underground Railroad? The Underground Railroad was a secret route from the South to the North, which escaped slaves followed to gain their freedom. Who was Harriet Tubman? Harriet Tubman was a woman who escaped from slavery in As a member of the Underground Railroad, she helped over 300 slaves gain their freedom. She was sometimes called a Conductor of the Underground Railroad. What was the Missouri Compromise of 1820? The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was an agreement to maintain a balance between free and slave states. Slavery was allowed in all states south of an imaginary line drawn east to west through the Louisiana Territory, and forbidden in all states (but Missouri) north of this line.

7 7 What was Nat Turner s Rebellion? Nat Turner, and fellow slaves, killed nearly 60 men, women, and children from slaveowning families in Southampton County, Virginia. What were some of the conditions of the Compromise of 1850? - California would be a free state. - Utah & New Mexico could decide if they wanted to become free or slave states. - Any slaves escaping to North must be returned to their Southern owners. - Anybody helping slaves escape would be punished Henrico County Public Schools SOL VS.7a What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854? The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 eliminated the imaginary line that separated slave and free states. Instead, each new state had to decide for itself whether or not it would become a free or slave state. This act was opposed by abolitionists. What was the Dred Scott Decision? The United States Supreme Court decided that a slave was not a United States citizen and that Congress could not forbid slavery in the United States.

8 8 Why was John Brown hanged? John Brown was hanged because he led a raid on the U. S. Armory (Arsenal) at Harpers Ferry, Virginia in an attempt to start a slave rebellion. What did Abraham Lincoln pledge to do about slavery if he became President of the United States in 1860? Abraham Lincoln pledged to leave slavery alone, where it already existed in the United States. What would happen to the balance of power in the Congress if no new slave states were admitted to the Union? Free states would soon be a majority in Congress and the South would lose its political power. What did some southern states threaten to do if Abraham Lincoln was elected as President of the United States? Some southern states threaten to secede from the United States of America if Abraham Lincoln was elected as President of the United States.

9 9 When seven southern states seceded to form the Confederate States of America, who became its first president? Jefferson Davis, a United States Senator from Mississippi, became the first President of the Confederate States of America. What event caused the Civil War to begin? The Civil War began with the Confederate takeover of Fort Sumter, South Carolina in President Lincoln had vowed not to let Union property be taken by the Confederates. What helped industries develop in the North and along the eastern coast of the United States? Machines that ran on waterpower. Waterpower could be generated by the many rivers and waterfalls along the eastern coast of the United States. Who invented the Cotton Gin machine, which separated cotton from its seed? Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin in 1793.

10 10 What effect did the Cotton Gin have on the growth of slavery? Now that cotton could be separated from its seed by machine so much faster than by hand, plantation owners began to grow larger amounts of cotton. Since growing cotton required a lot of labor in the fields, more and more slaves were brought to the South to work in the cotton fields. Where did the southern plantation owners sell their increased supply of cotton? Cotton was sold to textile factories in the northern region of the United States and ships to Europe transported it Henrico County Public Schools /Grade 5 SOL VS.7a From what area of Virginia was West Virginia formed? Virginia lost a third of its territory when the area between the Allegheny Mountains and the Ohio River became West Virginia. Why was the American abolitionist, John Brown, hanged on December 2, 1859? John Brown initiated a plan to free southern slaves by using stolen weapons. Brown and his 21 followers, captured the United States Arsenal (Armory) at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia).

11 11 Who was Frederick Douglass? Frederick Douglass was an American abolitionist who escaped from slavery in He was editor of the North Star newspaper in Rochester, New York. Who was William Lloyd Garrison? William Lloyd Garrison was an American abolitionist, who for 31 years, campaigned against slavery. He opposed the Civil War until Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation in Who was Ulysses S. Grant? Ulysses S. Grant was Commander-in-Chief of the Union army in the Civil War and the 18 th President of the United States. How did Abraham Lincoln die? Abraham Lincoln died while attending a play at Ford s Theater in Washington, D.C. Actor John Wilkes Booth shot him.

12 12 During the early 1860s, what conflict developed between the eastern and western counties of Virginia? The eastern counties relied on slaves to work the tobacco and cotton fields. The western counties were not as dependent on slave labor. Which city became the capital of the Confederacy after Virginia seceded from the Union? Richmond, Virginia Why was much of the Civil War fought in Virginia? The Civil War was fought mostly in Virginia because it was between Richmond (the capital of the Confederacy) and Washington, D.C. (the capital of the United States) Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b Where was the first battle of the Civil War fought? Manassas,Virginia at Bull Run Creek 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b

13 13 Where did the Civil War end? The Civil War ended in the Wilmer McLean house at Appomattox Court House in Virginia, where General Robert E. Lee surrendered his Confederate army to Union General Ulysses S. Grant Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b What major Civil War battles were fought in Virginia? First and Second Battles of Bull Run (Manassas) Sea Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack Battle of Fredericksburg Battle of Chancellorsville Siege of Petersburg Richmond fell to Grant and the Confederate soldiers burned the city Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b Who were some leaders of the Civil War? Thomas Stonewall Jackson Robert E. Lee Ulysses S. Grant 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b Following Virginia s secession, who was given command of the Army of Northern Virginia in June 1862? General Robert E. Lee 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b

14 14 In which state did more men die during the Civil War? More men fought and died in Virginia than in any other state Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b Who was the Confederate General who was wounded at the Battle of Chancellorsville by his one of his own troops? General Thomas Stonewall Jackson 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b Which Union General suffered a major defeat, with more than 12,000 casualties, in an effort to overtake Richmond between ? The forces of Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, and James Longstreet defeated Union General Ambrose Burnside Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b Which Union General captured the City of Richmond in April of 1865? General Ulysses S. Grant 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b

15 15 Who became General-in-Chief in 1865 of all Confederate armies when the South was near collapse? Robert E. Lee 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b Where did Robert E. Lee surrender to Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865? Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in the Wilmer McLean home at Appomattox Court House, Virginia Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b Who was J.E.B. Stuart? James Ewell Brown Stuart was a Confederate Cavalry Commander in the Civil War. He fought at the Battles of Bull Run, Fredericksburg, and commanded at the Battle of Chancellorsville. His greatest Calvary was at Brandy Station Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b How did General Thomas Jonathan Jackson acquire the nickname, Stonewall? It was noted that he and his brigade stood like a stone wall at the First Battle of Manassas at Bull Run Creek Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b

16 16 Who was the first President of the Confederacy? Jefferson Davis 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.7b What were some of the problems Virginians faced during the period of Reconstruction? Railroads, bridges, plantations, and crops were destroyed. Millions of freed slaves and others needed housing, clothing, food, and jobs. Economy was in ruins. Confederate money had no value. Banks were closed Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a What measures were taken during Reconstruction to resolve Virginia s problems? The Freedmen s Bureau provided food, schools, and medical care for freed slaves, and others who could not make a living. Sharecropping was a system in which freed slaves and others, rented land promising to pay the owner with a share of their harvested crops Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a What is the meaning of Reconstruction in terms of the post-civil War period? Reconstruction was the period following the Civil War in which Congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and to bring the Southern states back into the Union Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a

17 17 In 1865, why was the Freedmen s Bureau created? The Freedmen s Bureau was a newly created government program to provide food, schools, and medical care for newly freed slaves and others, who did not have a way of making a living Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a What is the meaning of sharecropping? Sharecropping was a system common in the South in the late 1800s and early 1900s, in which farmers rented land from landowners by promising to pay the owners with a share of their crops when harvested Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a Why did sharecropping develop? Sharecropping developed because plantation owners lacked money to pay workers. Former slaves and other people needed some land to grow crops in order to survive Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a What impact did the Civil War have on the politics and government of Virginia? After the Civil War, Virginia had no functioning government Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a

18 18 What impact did the Civil War have on the economy of Virginia? -The economy of Virginia had collapsed after the Civil War. -Confederate money had no value Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a How did Virginians start to rebuild the state after the Civil War? After the Civil War, Virginians adopted a new Constitution. They also rebuilt railroads and bridges, which had been destroyed during the Civil War Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a In what ways did Virginians attempt to solve social, political, and economic problems following the Civil War? Virginians attempted the following solutions: - Supported the Freedmen s Bureau. - Encouraged Sharecropping. - Developed a new Constitution. - Encouraged people to move to cities to seek better economic opportunities 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a How did Virginia s new Constitution address the issue of slavery? Virginia s new Constitution banned slavery and gave African American men the right to vote in elections Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8a

19 19 What is the meaning of segregation? Segregation means the separation of people, usually based on race or religion Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b What were the Jim Crow Laws? Jim Crow Laws were laws passed by southern states after Reconstruction. These laws established segregation or separation of the races Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b What is the meaning of discrimination? Discrimination means an unfair difference in the treatment of people Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b What was the effect of Jim Crow Laws? Jim Crow Laws discriminated against African Americans Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b

20 20 Who founded the first African American bank in the United States? Where was it located? Maggie Lena Walker founded the first African American bank in 1903, in Richmond, Virginia Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b Name some ways Jim Crow Laws discriminated against African Americans. Due to the Jim Crow Laws, African Americans were not allowed to sit in the same section on public buses and trains, eat in the same public restaurants, or attend the same public schools as white citizens Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b How did Virginia s 1902 Constitution deny African Americans the right to vote? Only war veterans, their adult sons, and property owners who paid property taxes or who could explain any portion of Virginia s Constitution could vote in elections. This eliminated most African Americans and reduced the number of white voters Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b How did laws, passed after Reconstruction, make it difficult for African Americans to vote and hold office? These laws imposed Poll Taxes and Literacy Tests Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b

21 21 How did Jim Crow Laws discriminate against African Americans in employment? It was legal for an employer to pay African Americans less than he or she paid other workers Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b What happened to the rights of African Americans after Reconstruction? Gains made during Reconstruction were lost. Jim Crow Laws established segregation of races, and reinforced prejudices held by some white people Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8b What factors caused Virginia s cities to grow? Technological developments in transportation, roads, railroad, and streetcars were factors in the growth of cities. Coal mining also spurred the growth of southwest Virginia Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8c What changes took place in Virginia to boost economic growth? - Cities grew. - Railroads facilitated the growth of small towns and factories. - Industries developed the need for more and better paved roads. - Tobacco farming and tobacco products became important industries Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8c

22 22 Why did Virginia change from an agricultural society to an industrial society? -Virginia changed because it became more difficult for farmers to make a living. -The old systems of farming were no longer effective. -The crop prices were low. -The people moved from rural to urban areas for economic opportunities Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.8c What were some of the factors that caused Virginia s cities to grow? - People moved from rural to urban areas for economic opportunities. - Technological developments in transportation, roads, railroads, and streetcars. - Coal mining spurred growth Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9a What is the meaning of service industry? Service industry refers to the beneficial work that does not result in a good or a product that you can touch or hold Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9a In the United States, do workers produce more services or goods? Services 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9a

23 23 How are natural resources (raw materials) moved to manufacturing centers and capital resources (finished products) to markets? Natural and capital resources are transported through Virginia s extensive highway, railroad, and air transportation systems Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9a How did the 1954 Supreme Court decision affect education for African Americans? It gave African Americans access to the same educational opportunities as other citizens Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b How did Virginia s Senator Harry F. Byrd, Sr. react to the 1954 Supreme Court decision supporting integration? Harry F. Byrd, Sr. strongly opposed integration. In 1957, Byrd s organization pushed through legislation for Massive Resistance, which cut off all state funding for schools that accepted integration Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b In the fall of 1958, which Virginia Governor shut down nine schools rather than integrate them? In the fall of 1958, Virginia s Governor Lindsay Almond closed schools, rather than to integrate them, in Front Royal, Norfolk, Charlottesville, and Prince Edward County Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b

24 24 What caused public opinion to shift away from support of Massive Resistance? Public opinion began to shift away from Massive Resistance with the actual closing of some public schools. Virginia s schools were reopened in Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b What was Governor Harry F. Byrd s Pay-As-You-Go Policy? Governor Harry F. Byrd, Sr. did not believe in going into debt to finance public projects. The extensive highway improvement program was funded with a tax on gasoline products Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b How did Governor Harry F. Byrd, Sr. improve Virginia s government during his term? -Governor Harry F. Byrd, Sr. reorganized the Executive Branch of state government. -He lessened the number of state agencies, consolidated departments, and cut operating expenses Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b What is the meaning of prejudice? Prejudice means a negative opinion formed without proof Henrico County Public Schools /Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b

25 25 What are Civil Rights? Civil Rights are individual rights of all citizens to be treated equally under the law Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b Describe the Civil Rights Movement. The Civil Rights Movement was an organized manner that achieved the individual rights of all citizens to be treated equally under the law Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b What was the meaning of separate but equal? Separate but equal meant that people of different races would remain segregated or separated, but have equal rights Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b What is the meaning of integration? Integration means that all people can use and enjoy the public facilities Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b

26 26 What impact did World War II have on the Civil Rights Movement? African American soldiers who fought in World War II to preserve the freedoms of the United States wanted full civil rights (equal rights) once they returned home from the war Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b After World War II, how did Virginians react initially to the challenge of extending civil rights to African Americans? Many Virginians resisted the extension of civil rights to African Americans by supporting Massive Resistance and Separate but Equal Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b How did African Americans and other individuals participate in the Civil Rights Movement in Virginia? People participating in the Civil Rights Movement used boycotts and sit-ins at public places Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b Name some institutions that were established for African Americans by African Americans. African Americans established their own churches, businesses, and schools Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b

27 27 What changes occurred in Virginia as a result of the Civil Rights Movement? -As a result of the Civil Rights Movement, laws were passed that made racial discrimination illegal. -Virginia s public schools were integrated Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9b What contributions to twentieth century life did Maggie Lena Walker make? Maggie Lena Walker was the first African American woman to start a bank for African Americans. She became the President of St. Luke Penny Savings Bank in Richmond, Virginia Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c What contributions to twentieth century life did Harry F. Byrd, Sr. make? Harry F. Byrd, Sr. was known for the Pay As You Go Policy. He modernized Virginia government Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c What contributions to twentieth century life did Arthur R. Ashe, Jr. make? Arthur R. Ashe, Jr. was a great tennis player, an eloquent spokesperson, and an author for social change, and civil rights for all people Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c

28 28 What contributions to twentieth century life did L. Douglas Wilder make? L. Douglas Wilder was the first African American to be elected as a Governor in the United States Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c Who was the first African American Governor in the United States? Lawrence Douglas Wilder was elected Governor of Virginia in Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c Who was the well-known American tennis player, born in Richmond, Virginia, who wrote a three-volume history of the African American athlete in America? Arthur R. Ashe, Jr Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.9c What are the three branches of government? -Legislative Branch -Executive Branch -Judicial Branch 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10a

29 29 What is the power or function of the Legislative Branch of Government? The General Assembly is the Legislative Branch that makes the laws Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10a What is the power or function of the Executive Branch of Government? The Governor heads the Executive Branch and oversees that the laws are carried out Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10a What is the power or function of the Judicial Branch of Government? The Judicial Branch is the Court System, which decides whether or not a person broke the law Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10a 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10a What is the major product of the Coastal Plain (Tidewater) Region? Seafood 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b

30 30 What are the major products of the Piedmont Region? -Tobacco products -Information Technology 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b What is the major product of the Blue Ridge Mountain Region? Apples 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b What are the major products of the Valley and Ridge Region? -Poultry -Apples 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b What is the major product of the Appalachian Plateau Region? Coal 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b

31 31 What are the major industries of the Coastal Plain (Tidewater) Region? -Shipbuilding -Tourism -Federal Military Installations 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b What are the major industries of the Piedmont Region? -Technology -Federal and State Government -Farming -Textiles 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b What is the major industry of the Blue Ridge Mountain Region? Recreation 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VVS.10b What is the major industry of the Valley and Ridge Region? Farming 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10b

32 32 What is the major industry of the Appalachian Plateau Region? Coal Mining 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOLVS.10b 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOLVS.10b How have advances in transportation facilitated migration and economic growth? The transportation system moves natural resources (raw materials) to factories and capital resources (finished products) to markets Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c How have advances in communications and technology helped the economy grow? Virginia has a large number of communications and other technology industries Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c In what ways are Virginians part of the United States economy? -The federal government in the Washington, DC metropolitan area employs many Virginians. -Federal military installations employ many people in the Hampton Roads area. -Many people from other states come to Virginia to work Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c

33 33 How did advances in transportation facilitate migration and economic growth? -Advances in transportation moves raw materials and finished products to manufacturing centers in a shorter time span. -It allows many people from within the United States and around the world to move to Virginia to work. -It provides tourists with variety of ways to visit Virginia Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c Name the four major goods that Virginia exports. -Tobacco -Poultry -Coal -Large Ships 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c Why did the population around Washington, D.C. increase during the 1930s? Federal government-related jobs increased 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c 2002 Henrico County Public Schools/Grade 5 SOL VS.10c