Name: 1 st Semester Final Exam Review (Chapters 3-20) Period:

Transcription

1 Name: 1 st Semester Final Exam Review (Chapters 3-20) Period: 1. Who was the King of Britain during the Revolutionary Time Period? Who was the General for the Continental Army? 2. Who gave a fiery speech in the Virginia House of Burgesses (1 st popularly elected legislature in the American Colonies) and ended his speech with these words, Give me Liberty or Give me Death! 3. What was the name of the event that occurred in Boston on March 5, 1770 in which the British troops killed 5 American colonists? What was the name of the African American dock worker that was killed in the Boston Massacre? 4. What was the name of the event that occurred in Boston on December 16, 1773 in which the Boston Sons of Liberty boarded ships that carried tea and threw about 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor? 5. Who helped warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock that the British were on the move and he alerted the people of Boston by shouting, The Redcoats are Coming! 6. Where did the Shot heard round the World get fired at? 7. Who was a military leader for the Americans but will soon switch over to the British side and will become the most famous traitor in United States History? 8. In January 1776, a pamphlet was published that captured the American colonists attention and called for complete independence away from Great Britain, what was the name of this pamphlet? Who wrote this pamphlet? 9. Whose signature is the largest on the Declaration of Independence? Who is known as the main author of the Declaration of Independence? 10. Who was the United States first ambassador to France and really helped get the French to help the Americans during the Revolutionary War? 11. Who was a spy for the Americans and right before he was hung he said, I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country. 12. Where was the battle where Washington changed his plans and attacked the British General Cornwallis and it was the last battle of the American Revolutionary War? 13. The Treaty of ended the Revolutionary War? 14. Who led a group of more than 1,000 angry farmers from Massachusetts to court houses so that judges could not go to work to seize their farms? What did this become known as because there was unrest among Massachusetts farmers over taxes? a. b. 15. What did the Anti-Federalist argue about to be against the Constitution? 16. The federal government is broken into 3 branches, what are the names of the different branches & what is each branch s duty? a. b. c. 17. How many total House of Representatives are there in the U.S.? How many total Senators are there in the U.S.? How many justices are there on the U.S. Supreme Court?

2 18. What are the term lengths for a House of Representative, Senator, President, and a Supreme Court Justice? What are the minimum ages for a House of Representative, Senator, President, and a Supreme Court Justice? 19. What was the name of the first constitution in the U.S. that was weak & ineffective? What were 2 weaknesses of this constitution? a. b. 20. What are the first 10 amendments called in the U.S. Constitution? 21. Which Amendment to the Constitution allows people the right to bear arms? 22. What is another name for the introduction to the U.S. Constitution? The U.S. Constitution has Articles and Amendments. 23. What does domestic tranquility mean? 24. What is a government with elected representatives called? 25. What elects the President and Vice-President? 26. What were 3 early challenges that President Washington had to face? Who feared that political parties could divide the American people and destroy the government and the country? 28. What was the famous Supreme Court Case that happened right after John Adams left the Presidency and Thomas Jefferson came into the Presidency? Who was the Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court during this case? What important concept came from this case which allows the Supreme Court to review and rule on acts of other branches of the government? 29. What rights are included in the 1 st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution? What happened during Thomas Jefferson Presidency that helped double the size of our country? How much did the U.S. pay for this land? What country did the U.S. buy this land from? Who was this country s leader? 31. Who shot and killed Alexander Hamilton in that famous duel? 32. What happened to Washington D.C. during the War of 1812? 33. Who wrote the Star-Spangle Banner? What fort was he looking at when he saw the American Flag still flying overhead? 34. What was the name of the very last battle of the War of 1812 that made Andrew Jackson a hero? 35. What peace agreement officially ended the War of 1812? 36. What Native American tribe refused to give up their land in Georgia and took a case to the Supreme Court? What was the long march west called that many Native Americans died?

3 37. What was the term used to describe a feeling that God had given Americans the right to overspread and possess the whole continent from coast to coast? 38. What was the name of the compromise that stated that one state would enter the union as a free state and the other state would enter as a slave state and slavery was outlawed of the N line in the Louisiana Territory? 39. What political party formed in 1854, when antislavery Whigs and antislavery Democrats joined with the Free Soilers? Hint: It is one of our major political parties today. 40. What was the purpose of the Underground Railroad? 41. What Supreme Court decision outraged antislavery advocates in the North, but pleased Southerners, dividing the country more that ever? 42. What required all citizens to help capture and return slaves who had run away in the Compromise of 1850? 43. Who won the presidential election of 1860? Why did the Election of 1860 cause a lot of controversy? 44. What was name given to the states that left the Union and formed a new government called in 1861? Who was their first president? 45. Where did the first shots to the Civil War take place? 46. Name 2 advantages that the South had over the North during the Civil War What were the North s 3 strategies to help them win the Civil War over the South? What were the South s 3 strategies to help them win the Civil War over the North? What was the name of the first major battle that took place during the Civil War? Who won that battle? 50. What battle took place in which it was the single bloodiest day during the Civil War and this battle marked the 1 st major fighting on Union soil and it was the battle after Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation? Who claimed victory in this battle? 51. What did President Lincoln issue on January 1, 1863 that stated that it freed the slaves in the Confederacy? 52. Name 5 advantages that the North had over the South during the Civil War What did President Lincoln suspend that protects the a person from being jailed with being charged a specific crime and could be imprisoned without the benefit of a trial? 54. What did President Lincoln s Gettysburg Address do for Americans?

4 55. What strategy was used by Union troops that includes striking civilian as well as military targets and the goal was to not only weaken the enemy s armies but also the economy that supports them? This is also known as the Scorched Earth Policy. What general employed this policy and Confederate soldiers surrendered to him in N.Carolina? 56. Where did General Lee surrender to General Grant at? 57. Who assassinated President Lincoln? Where did the assassination take place? 58. What did the 13 th Amendment do in the United States? 59. What did the 14 th Amendment do in the United States? 60. What term is used to bring formal charges against or an accusation of wrong doings to an elected official while in office? What House in Congress will accuse an elected official of wrong doings & will bring the formal charges against them? What House of Congress acts as the court and will conduct the impeachment trial? 61. What happened to President Andrew Johnson when he violated the Tenure of Office Act? 62. What did the 15 th Amendment do in the United States? 63. What was the main goal of the KKK during Reconstruction? 64. Who invented the light bulb? Who invented the telephone? 65. What were the 2 stations that served as immigration processing centers for millions of immigrants arriving to the U.S.? Who assassinated President James Garfield? 67. What battle did 2000 Native Americans kill 250 American soldiers and their leader? Who was the leader of the American troops in this battle? What 2 Native Americans did the U.S. want captured? What laws were passed in the South that were segregation laws enacted after Reconstruction? 69. What 2 things did Southern states pass to try to get around the 15 th Amendment to restrict African Americans from voting? What are some beliefs of Booker T. Washington? 71. What are some beliefs of W.E.B. Du Bois? 72. Who assassinated President William McKinley? 73. What was the name of the group of U.S. soldiers that won in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba that consisted of rugged westerners & upper-class easterners? Who was a hero of San Juan Hill and a member of the Rough Riders? 74. What was the name of the ship that exploded in the Havana Harbor that helped ignite the Spanish-American War? 75. What was the name of sensationalized stories, pictures, and headlines that paid little attention to the facts and were designed to sell papers? 76. What was accomplished by the Spanish-American War?

5 77. Who was the President of the U.S. when the Spanish-American War began? 78. What Supreme Court case ruled that separate but equal facilities were Constitutional? 79. What were some topics and reforms of Teddy Roosevelt s Square Deal? 80. What did Teddy Roosevelt s Big Stick diplomacy lead to in Central America that cut 8,000 miles off a trip from the west coast to the east coast, was 51 miles in length, was constructed between 1904 & 1914 by the U.S., disease was a major obstacle in building this structure that led to thousands of deaths, and the French had tried to build it first but failed? 81. What political party pulled its strength from the American Farmer, called for free silver, 8-hour work day, and a progressive income tax? 82. What group was a tough, hard-hitting set of journalists that wrote about government corruption, unsafe working conditions, and unsanitary conditions in food processing plants? 83. Who wrote The Jungle which was about unsanitary conditions in the meat packing industry? 84. What was made illegal by the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890? Who was the 1 st President to enforce the Sherman Anti-Trust Act? 85. What Amendment to the U.S. Constitution made the selling, transportation, and manufacturing of alcohol illegal? What Amendment to the U.S. Constitution granted suffrage to women? 86. What happened to Susan B. Anthony in 1872? 87. What 3 countries formed the Triple Alliance or Central Powers? What 3 countries formed the Triple Entente at the beginning of WWI? What country dropped out of the Triple Entente in 1917? What country entered the Triple Entente in 1917? 90. Who was the archduke of Austria-Hungary that was assassinated on June 28, 1914 that led to a chain of events that helped start World War I? 91. Who was the U.S. President during World War I that urged neutrality? 92. What was the name of the British passenger liner that was sunk by German U-Boats off the coast of Ireland in which 1,200 passengers were killed including 128 Americans? 93. Name 5 new technological weapons used during World War I? What was the name of the telegram that proposed a Germany alliance with Mexico? 95. Who was the U.S. General in command of all U.S. Forces in Europe during WWI? What was the name given to U.S. troops in WWI?

6 96. What did the U.S. Congress pass that authorized a draft of men for military service? What is another name for a military draft? 97. What name was given to people whose moral or religious beliefs forbid them to fight in wars and they resisted the military draft? 98. What is a war in which victory is determined purely by which side is better able to endure numerous, prolonged casualties instead of victory being determined by accomplishing a specific objective? 99. What was the name of the treaty that officially ended WWI and it severely punished Germany? What term is used for compensation of payment required from defeated nations for damage or injury during a war? 100. What did President Wilson present that he believed the German Government should submit to and he thought that the total aim of the peace treaty should be to prevent war from ever again happening? What organization was formed to help nations settle their differences peacefully? 101. Who was at the center of great changes during the 1920's and made innovations to the car which led to the creation of his Model T? 102. What new method of improving efficiency that Henry Ford developed that created mass production of products in the 1920 s? 103. What were young women called that bobbed their hair, concentrated on their fashion, wore makeup, and had a new set of morals called during the 1920's? 104. What was the name of the time when African American literary and artistic culture developed rapidly and expressed pride and aspirations during the 1920's? 105. What day did Black Tuesday happen on? 106. What pilot flew across the Atlantic Ocean from New York to Paris in 1927? 107. Who became the most popular baseball player/athlete during the 1920's and he hit a Major League Record 60 homeruns in 1927? 108. Who was a leading gangster in Chicago that led organized crime operations such as bootlegging? 109. Who became the unofficial ambassador of jazz and played at the Cotton Club during the 1920's? 110. Who along with Rudolph Valentino became two of the biggest names in movies during the 1920's? 111. What economic name was given to the time period that would come after the stock market crash of 1929 in the U.S.?