WORLD WAR II Q.1. (A)

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8 WORLD WAR II Q.1. (A) Complete the following statements by choosing appropriate alternatives from those given in the brackets : *1. Western democracies kept.

1 8 WORLD WAR II Q.1. (A) Complete the following statements by choosing appropriate alternatives from those given in the brackets : *1. Western democracies kept... as an outcaste in international politics till 193. (Italy, Soviet Russia, Germany) *2. Adopting... Russia made unbelievable progress. (Revolution, Economic Planning, Socialist Policy) *3. Especially... had an important role in determining policies of the League of Nation. (USA, England, USSR) *. In 191, Japan launched an air attack on Pearl Harbour, the... naval base of America. (India, Pacific, Atlantic) *5. After suffering siege of 900 days... refused to surrender. (Moscow, Leningrad, Stalingrad) 6. The rise of... Russia was not accepted by the western countries. (Industrial, Socialist, Capitalist) 7. Many... changes were made in Europe at the Paris Peace Conference. (Economic, Territorial, Political) 8. The only European nation unaffected by the depression was... (England, France, Soviet Russia) 9. The second World War started on... September 1939 and continued upto 1th Aug, 195. (1st, 2nd, 3rd) 10. The League was created to maintain world peace by... action. (individual, collective, military) 11. Polish government took asylum in... after surrendering. (France, England, Japan) 12. On 22nd June, 191, German army with the lightening speed advanced towards, Leningrad, Moscow and the industrial area of... (Don, Rhine, Latria) 13. Japan launched an air attack on Pearl Harbour on, the Pacific naval base of America on.... (7th Dec. 191, 3rd Sep. 1939, 1st Sep. 1939) (B) Match the following : I A Group B Group 1. Scorched Earth Policy (a) USA 2. Founder of UNO (b) Germany 3. Blitzkrieg (c) England. Successful Dunkirk Retreat (d) Russia 5. Fascism ( e) Italy Ans. (1 - d), (2 - a), (3 - b), ( - c), (5 - e) 53

2 HISTORY MT EDUCARE LTD. II A Group B Group 1. Wisnton Churchil (a) Surrendered to Allied Forces 2. Mussolini (b) Committed suicide 3. Hitler (c) Overthrown by the opponents. Germany (d) Prime Minister of England Ans. (1 - d), (2 - c), (3 - b), ( - a) Q.2 Answer the following in 20 to 25 words. *1. Which economic problems did Europeans have to face after 1929? Ans. 1) In 1929, European economies were hit by the great economic depression. 2) With it the pendulum of economic stability swung back to instability. 3) Economic depression led to decline of world trade and closure of industries. ) It also created serious problems of unemployment and inflation in European countries. *2. What were the causes for the rise of military dictatorship in Europe? Ans. 1) After World War I, all the warring nations were confronted with serious economic issues like the decline of world trade, closure of industries, unemployment and inflation. 2) Deteriorating economies created acute problems in day to day life of common people and caused tremendous discontent. 3) As democracies failed to revive their economies, people suffering immeasurable hardships lost confidence in the democratic system of government. ) This resulted into political instability and rise of military dictatorship in Europe. *3. Why did England try to appease Hitler? Ans. 1) In the absence of the powerful U.S.A. in the League of Nations, England and France, especially England had an important role in determining policies of the League of Nations. 2) England, however failed to offer powerful leadership to the League. 3) Instead of resisting Hitler s aggressive policies, England tried to appease him because England herself was facing political and economic instability. ) Also England hoped that a powerful Hitler would direct his military might against Soviet Russia and the resulting conflict would destroy them both. *. Why is the retreat of Dunkirk described as a successful retreat? Ans. 1) Four months after the Polish surrender, Germany turned towards Norway and Denmark and occupied Holland and Belgium by May, ) British army afraid of being licked up in the area, retreated towards the French harbour Dunkirk. 5

3 MT EDUCARE LTD. HISTORY 3) They managed a hasty retreat to Southern Coast of Britain. ) It was a major defensive feat, therefore it goes in the British history as Successful Dunkirk Retreat. Q.3 Give reasons for the following statements in 20 to 25 words each. *1. Germany and Italy were emboldened to follow the path of aggression. Ans. 1) Military dictators took to the territorial aggrandizement as a solution to their political and economic problems. 2) Taking advantage of England s hatred for Soviet Russia, Hitler justified his revival of military power. 3) Japan s unhampered aggression in China emboldened Germany and Italy to follow the path of aggression. ) The League of Nation also remained a passive spectator to deteriorating world peace. *2. Russia became one of the major super powers. Ans. 1) In 1929, European nations were hit by the great economic depression. 2) The only European nation which remained unaffected by the depression was Soviet Russia. 3) Adopting economic planning, it made unbelievable progress. ) Russia thus became one of the major industrial and Super Powers. *3. There was tremendous discontent among common people in European Countries. Ans. 1) After World War I, enormous economic problems were faced by both Victors and Vanquished, except the USA. 2) The war efforts placed tremendous pressure on their economies leading to serious problems like inflation and unemployment. 3) European economies seemed to improve for a few years due to American financial assistance but worsened when American assistance dried up due to economic depression ) Deteriorating economies created acute problems in the day-to-day life of common people and caused tremendous discontent among them. *. Italy and Japan were offended. (March 08) Ans. 1) Many territorial changes were made in Europe at the Paris Peace Conference, which caused tremendous discontent among some European Countries. 2) Italy felt cheated because the promises given to her during the war were not fulfilled. 3) Japan was offended because the western powers did not give her equal status. ) Thus Italy and Japan both were offended after the War. *5. In June 190, France surrendered. Ans. 1) Four months after the Polish surrender, Germany turned towards Norway and Denmark and occupied Holland and Belgium by May ) Thereafter, the Germans bypassed the famous eastern defence line of France, and entered France from the North. 55

4 HISTORY MT EDUCARE LTD. 3) The French were not in a position to face the unexpected onslaught and surrendered in June 190. ) On the eve of the fall of France, Italy declared war on her and became a war partner of Germany. *6. In 191 US declared war on Japan. (Sept. 09) Ans. 1) On 7th December, 191, Japan launched an air attack on Pearl Harbour, the Pacific Naval base of America. 2) The American naval strength was adversely affected by this attack. 3) Thus the next day US declared War on Japan. *7. America dropped two atom bombs on Japan. (March 09) Ans. 1) After the air attack on Pearl Harbour, Japan, with lightening speed had occupied Philippines, East Indies islands, Indo-China, Malaya, Singapore, Burma in the east and the islands of Solomon, Mariana, Wake in Pacific Ocean. 2) American offensive against Japan began by mid ) Recapturing the Pacific islands, American army reached near Japan in the early months of 195. ) When Japan refused to surrender, America dropped an atom bomb on Hiroshima on 6th August, 195 and another on Nagasaki three days later on 9th August 195. Q. Answer the following in 30 to 0 words. *1. Why was Soviet Russia kept as an outcaste in international politics? Ans. 1) By 1928, European economies seemed to have attained stability. 2) In 1929, European nations were hit by the great economic depression. 3) The only European nation which remained unaffected by the depression was Soviet Russia. ) Adopting economic planning, it made unbelievable progress. 5) It became one of the major industrial powers. 6) However, the deep suspicion and hatred of western democracies for Soviet Russia, kept the latter as an outcaste in international politics till 193. *2. Which factors were responsible for the rise of aggressive nationalism in European Countries? Ans. 1) Many territorial changes were made in Europe at the Paris Peace Conference, which caused a lot of discontent among some European countries. 2) Similarly, the unjust conditions imposed upon Germany by the Treaty of Versailles humiliated the national pride. 3) Italy felt cheated because the promises given to her earlier were not fulfilled. ) Thus various factors were responsible for the rise of aggressive nationalism in Europe. 56

5 MT EDUCARE LTD. HISTORY *3. Why did Hitler realize that England was not an easy target? Ans. 1) After France, the next target of Germany was Britain. 2) Germany had started aerial bombing of ports, industrial areas and military posts. 3) Civilian areas in London were also not spared. ) The aim was to break down the British morale. 5) But England fought on with great determination and Winston Churchill declared Britain s intention of fighting till the end. 6) Thus, Hitler realized that England was not an easy target, and decided to turn towards eastern Europe. *. Why did German army surrender in Russia? Ans. 1) On 22 nd June, 191, German army with lightening speed (Blitzkreig) advanced on a thousand mile front to capture Russia. 2) The Russians adopted a scorched earth policy, so as to make German life in the Russian land difficult. 3) They halted the Germans near Leningrad, which suffered a siege of 900 days, but refused to surrender. ) Germans came within 13 miles from Moscow, but failed to move further. 5) In Stalingrad, Russians fought for every inch of land. The battle continued for about six months. 6) At the end, more than three lakh German soldiers surrendered, breaking the backbone of German army. After Stalingrad, Russian resistance became aggressive and by the end of 193 German army surrendered in Russia. *5. Why did Germany surrender to the Allies? Ans. 1) In June 19, the Allies landed in the north of France 2) They launched heavy air attacks on German army and even on civilian areas. 3) France was liberated in August. ) Marching towards Germany, the Allied force liberated Holland, Belgium on the way and entered Germany. 5) At the end of April 195, Hitler committed suicide. 6) So, on 7th May, 195 Germany surrendered to the Allies. *6. Why did Japan surrender on 1th August 195? Ans. 1) American offensive against Japan began by mid ) Recapturing the pacific islands American army reached near Japan in the early months of ) When Japan refused to surrender America dropped an atom bomb on Hiroshima on 6th August, 195 and another on Nagasaki three days later. ) More than a lakh people perished within minutes. 5) It caused unprecedented destruction that paralysed Japan and forced her to surrender on August 1th, ) This dreadful destruction brought the second world war to an end. 57

6 HISTORY MT EDUCARE LTD. Q.5 Answer the following in 80 to 100 words. *1. State the causes of World War II. Ans. World War II, was longer in span, larger in scale and had much more disastrous effects than the World War I. Commencing on 1st September, 1939, it continued upto 1th August, 195. Following were the causes of World War II. (1) Economic Problems : i) The war efforts placed tremendous pressure on the economies of the warring nations, leading to serious problems like inflation and unemployment. ii) Situation worsened further when American assistance to these nations dried up due to economic depression. iii) Deteriorating economies created acute problems in day-to-day life of common people and caused tremendous discontent. (2) Rise of Military Dictatorship : i) As the democratic governments failed to improve their economies, people suffering from immeasurable hardships lost confidence in ii) the democratic system of government. Consequently, people in such countries like Japan, Germany, Italy accepted revival of dictatorship. (3) Peace Treaties and Territorial aggrandizement : i) Many territorial changes were made in Europe at the Paris Peace Conference, which caused a lot of discontent among some European countries. ii) Germany felt humiliated by the unjust conditions imposed on her by the Treaty of Versailles. iii) Italy felt cheated because the promises given to her earlier were not fulfilled. iv) Japan was offended because the western powers did not give her an equal status. All this led to aggressive nationalism. () Failure of the League of Nations : i) The league failed to check aggressive Nationalism. ii) The aggressors defied the League and weak small nations fell prey to their inordinate ambition. iii) The League remained a helpless spectator to the territorial aggrandizement of countries like Japan, Germany, and Italy, leading the World towards a second conflict. (5) England s Policy of Appeasement : i) England failed to offer powerful leadership to the League due to her political and economic instability. ii) Instead of resisting Hitler s aggressive policies, England tried to appease him. iii) England hoped that a powerful Hitler would direct his military might against Soviet Russia and the resulting conflict would destroy them both. 58

7 MT EDUCARE LTD. HISTORY iv) Britain s policy of appeasement left Hitler free to pursue a policy of aggrandizement. (6) Immediate Cause : i) Germany attacked Poland on 1st September, England and France declared war against Germany on 3rd September, 1939 and the war began. Thus the Great World War II produced consequences of world wide significance. *2. State the Consequences of World War II. (Sept. 10) Ans. World War was longer in span, larger in scale and much more disastrous in effects than the first one. Commencing on 1st September, 1939, it continued upto 1th August, 195. Following were the consequences of World War II. (1) Human loss : During the six years of World War II, almost fifteen million soldiers and equal number of civilians were killed. Countless numbers were severely injured. (2) Economic loss : War efforts placed enormous pressure on economies of all warring nations, which weakened them. Consequently, they were confronted with numerous economic problems. Terrible devastations were caused by atomic bombs. Material and financial losses were incomprehensible. (3) Formation of the U.N.O : The need for maintaining the world peace was acutely felt. It gave birth to the UNO, and the USA took initiative in establishing this World Peace Organisation. () Decolonisation of Asia and Africa: Colonial Powers like England and France found it difficult to hold their colonies in the face of nationalist movements. Thus, the process of decolonisation began. (5) Emergence of Super Powers : USA and USSR emerged as Super Powers in the Post War Period. USA was not directly affected by the War. She was the only supplier of goods during the war and so emerged with a stronger economy. Russia suffered enormous losses, but her military might and economic base remained strong. (6) Cold War between the Super Powers : World nations came to be divided into two opposing camps, the Capitalist and the Socialist Camps, led by USA and USSR respectively. This resulted in the Cold War leading to sad developments like partition of Germany, Korea or a long war in Indo-China. Thus the Great World War II produced disastrous consequences. 59

8 S.S.C. Marks : 20 HISTORY CHAPTER 8 : WORLD WAR II SET - A Duration : 1 hr. Q.1. Complete the following statement by choosing appropriate alternatives from those given in the brackets : 1. Western democracies kept... as an outcaste in international politics till 193. (Italy, Soviet Russia, Germany) 2. After suffering siege of 900 days... refused to surrender. (Moscow, Leningrad, Stalingrad) 2 Q.2. Match the following : 'A' Group 'B' Group 1. Scorched Earth Policy (a) USA 2. Winston Churchill (b) Germany 3. Hitler (c) England (d) Russia 3 Q.3. Answer each of the following questions in 20 to 25 words : (Any 2) 1. What were the causes for the rise of military dictatorship in Europe? 2. What was England policy of Appeasement? 3. Why did League of nations failed? Q.. Give reasons for the following statements in 20 to 30 words : (Any 2) 1. Germany and Italy were emboldened to follow the path of aggression. 2. In June 190, France surrendered. 3. America dropped two atom bombs on Japan.

9 Q.5. Answer each of the following questions in 30 to 0 words: (Any 1) 1. Why did Hitler realize that England was not an easy target? 2. Why did German army surrender in Russia? 3 Q.6. Answer each of the following questions in 80 to 100 words : (Any 1) 1. State the causes of World War II? 2. State the Consequences of World War II? Best Of Luck

10 S.S.C. Marks : 20 HISTORY CHAPTER 8 : WORLD WAR II SET - B Duration : 1 hr. Q.1. Complete the following statement by choosing appropriate alternatives from those given in the brackets : 1. The only European nation unaffected by the depression was.... (England, France, Soviet Russia) 2. The second World War started on... September 1939 and continued upto 1th Aug, 195. (1st, 2nd, 3rd) 2 Q.2. Match the following : 'A' Group 'B' Group 1. Winston Churchil (a) Overthrown by the opponents 2. Mussolini (b) Committed suicide 3. Hitler (c) Prime Minister of England (d) Commander-in-Chief of the Allied forces 3 Q.3. Answer each of the following questions in 20 to 25 words : (Any 2) 1. How did economic problems become a cause of World War II? 2. What was the condition of world between the two world wars? 3. Why did European countries face many difficulties after Depression of 1929? Q.. Give reasons for the following statements in 20 to 30 words : (Any 2) 1. In 191, US declared war on Japan. 2. There was lot of anger and discontent among common people of European countries. 3. Dictatorship arose after 1st World War.

11 Q.5. Answer each of the following questions in 30 to 0 words: (Any 1) 1. Why did Germany surrender to the Allies? 2. What factors led for rise of aggressive nationalism in European countries? 3 Q.6. Answer each of the following questions in 80 to 100 words : (Any 1) 1. Describe the war in Europe between Give an account of war in East-Asia. Best Of Luck

Fascism is a nationalistic political philosophy which is anti-democratic, anticommunist, and anti-liberal. It puts the importance of the nation above

1939-1945 Fascism is a nationalistic political philosophy which is anti-democratic, anticommunist, and anti-liberal. It puts the importance of the nation above the rights of the individual. The word Fascism