The Republic Launched- CH 10 Insights Republic- people elect representatives to govern

Transcription

1 The Republic Launched- CH 10 Insights Republic- people elect representatives to govern Students will understand the two opposing views on country and government by Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson; and how those differences lead to the formation of the 1 st American (Political) Party System (Federalists vs. Democratic/Republicans) through a small debate 1) Explain why Americans look at the role of government different? (Why do different groups want different action from the Gov.?) 2) Evaluate the Amendments in the Bill of Rights and identify one you think is most and least important. 3) Explain how Hamilton s policies lead to the formation of political parties in the US 4) Identify 3 beliefs of both the Federalists and Dem/Rep 5) Decide if you are a Dem. or Rep and ID 3 beliefs that helped sway your decision.

2 Bill of Rights purpose is to protect people from oppressive Gov. by listing a limited number of rights that can not be denied 1 st - Speech, press, religion, assembly, petition 2 nd - Bear Arms (guns) for militia?is the 2nd still relevant? 4 th - Search and Seizure- search warrant?can you really say no to the police? 5 th Double Jeopardy- silence, can t ne tried twice for same crime?should a person be tried for a crime after being found innocent if new evidence emerges? 10 th States Rights- anything powers not in constitution goes to the states

3 The US in 1790 and Views on the Constitution Rural America- little need for Gov. Hector St. John Crevecoeur (Fr. Author who examined country and asked What is an American? Equality- poor Barter Economy (little cash, traded services or whiskey) Urban America- more need for Gov. in Commerce/Trade- protect goods abroad Barbary Pirates- stealing US goods off Africa Inequality of Wealth- rich living among poor?how would these two different Americas view the role of Gov.? Views on Constitution Merchants- strong gov. to ensure trade, protect wealth, strong currency Rural- less Gov. b/c they did things themselves

4 New Government- Washington s Presidency ( ) Great Experiment- US first democracy/republic Cabinet- advises President (these two have the most influence with Washington) Sec. of State- Thomas Jefferson Sec. oftreasury- Alexander Hamilton?Who was left out of loop? Why is the creation of a cabinet, members appointed by the President to advise the Pres., a somewhat scandalous idea in a country that believes in Democracy and voting The Cabinet is not in the Constitution, Cabinet members have incredible power approved by the Pres. but were not elected by the people Evaluate is this is an abuse of power by the President to those afraid of Constitution/ strong central Gov. right from the start Yes- Strict Construction-purpose of Constitution is to limit the power of Gov. by specifically listing what powers the Gov. has (enumerated powers) NO- Implied Powers/Loose Construction- Gov. needs to adapt in order to be as effective as possible, Gov. only limited by what Const. specifically says it CAN T do

5 Financing the New Republic- Hamilton s plan to make America rich and strong, create a business nation Alexander Hamilton (Two Goals) create a strong central Gov to Promote manufacturing and commerce/business- make money Tie wealthy to government (Why?) Policies Assumption-federal government would assume (pay off) the debts owed by the individual states from the Revolutionary War Why would the Gov. paying of state debt upset some states more than others? WashDC/new capital placed in VA/MD to assuage VA helping pay for MA debt Whiskey Tax- tax on Whiskey to help pay war debt Why would farmers be so sensitive to a tax on Whiskey? Whiskey Rebellion- farmers in W. Penn. Rise up, put down by Pres. Wash.?What does the put down of the rebellion show about the new government? Shows that the Constitutional Gov. can enforce it s laws (unlike the AofC) Bank of US- national bank to issue money and insure the dollar is valuable (pay debt)?why might some Americans be against a Bank of US? Wealthy have even more power being in control of $

6 Two political parties Emerge because of Hamilton s economic ideas and influence with Pres. Washington, Jefferson s supporters begin voting as a block against Hamilton s ideas, these two groups form the 1 st American Party System Democratic-Republicans Jefferson and Madison Educated electorate Revolutionary Fear Weak central government/ states rights Agriculture Equality and personal liberty Pro-French Revolution Strict Construction?What Dem/Rep idea most resonates with you? Federalists/ Hamilton Natural Aristocracy Society over the individual Manufacturing and commerce Against French Revolution Loose Construction/ Implied Powers?What federalist idea most resonates with you??who do you feel has the better plan for the future of America?

7 Where do you stand on the following issues? Answer (afterwards put a D or R next to how you answered the question) 1) Government provided healthcare (Should government provide medical services- means higher taxes, possibly lower quality in service but you will not die because you can not afford an operation 2) Legalization of drugs (Should marijuana be legal?) 3) Abortion (Pro-life/No abortion or Pro-Choice/woman rights to choose) 4) Minimum Wage (Should it be higher? Might mean fewer jobs available?) 5) Military Spending (Should America spend more or less on security? More spending often means less services for society- education, roads, welfare) 6) Immigration (Should America get tough on illegal immigrants? Deportation? Dream Act?) 7) Gay Rights (Should marriage be available to gay people?) 8) Affirmative Action (Should privileges be given to Af/Am and Latino s for college and government jobs because they have been victims of discrimination in the past?) 9) Role of government (Should government do more to help people in need because Gov. can help people move up in society who can t help themselves or less because Gov. is often corrupt, will raise taxes, and people know how to help themselves better than government can?)

8 3 rd American Party System Democrats (Liberal) Gov. should provide services and help people in need Higher Taxes (on rich) taxes help spread $ to all Americans Individual Freedom- let people live life (less censorship, gay rights, legalize drugs, pro-immigration) Abortion (pro life) woman has right to choose Pro-Labor (worker) make rules so business does not abuse workers Military- less $, use military to help countries and people in need Environmentalism- make laws to protect (endangered animals) Constitution- Loose Construction, allow gov. to adapt, strong fed gov. Republicans (Conservative) Government should do less b/c it s corrupt and inefficient Lower Taxes-people know what to do w $ best, spending spreads $ Less freedom- society over individual, protect people from unhealthy lifestyles, no crime Anti-Abortion (Pro-Life) fetus is a child, abortion is murder Pro-Business-help business grow w less rules(business creates jobs) Military- spend $, only use military for national defense, isolationist Environmentalism- gets in way of business and hurts jobs growth Constitution- Strict construct., limit power of Fed gov, states rights

9 3 rd American Party System- who supports each party Poor Minorities Democrats Urban Areas Intellectuals Young People Think of one reason why each group supports the Dems? Republicans Rich/ Business White Males Rural Areas Christians Older People Think of one reason each group supports Reps?

10 How did Hamiltonians/ Federalists view the revolution? Jeffersonians? Hamiltonians- against Fr. Rev (support strong central government, looked up to Eng/monarchy) Jeffersonians- in favor of Fr. Rev. (seen as people over the elite ruling class, Dem. over monarchy) Washington Farewell Address- Wash. Steps down after 2 terms ( gives two warnings for America s future) Why do you think he stepped down? 1) Isolationism- beware of European Alliances stay out of European affairs 2) Political Parties- beware, Parties work for themselves over the good of nation (cause division among Americans) How true are his warnings today?

11 President John Adams- 2 nd Pres. Of US (Federalist) Fear is that political parry out of party is tyrannical because their goal is to overthrow Gov. (in reality they keep the party in power in check) Alien and Sedition Acts- unconstitutional laws by Federalists meant to weaken the Dem/Rep. Party Alien Act- said Pres. could deport any alien for any reason Naturalization Act- change time to become an American from 5 to 14 years Sedition Act- crime to criticize the President, nation, or government Do these laws violate any rights? Was it a good idea to write up a Bill of Rights? Explain (What were Americans afraid of w. the Constitution? Why do you think the Federalists are targeting immigrants? Virginia/Kentucky Resolutions- said that states could ignore any law they found unconstitutional and could even secedes (leave union if necessary) Do Va and Ky. have a good reason for coming up with this point of view? Is their solution the best way to solve their problem? What could be another way?