Ch. 4 Industrialization, 5.4 Populism, 6.1 Politics of the Gilded Age Quiz 2011

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1 Ch. 4 Industrialization, 5.4 Populism, 6.1 Politics of the Gilded Age Quiz 2011 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. IDENTIFYING MAIN IDEAS 1. Which of the following made possible the American industrial growth of the late 1800s? a. the household economy b. technological advances c. government reforms d. the development of labor unions 2. The government contributed to the building of the transcontinental railroad by a. not allowing immigrants to work for railroad companies. b. collecting extra taxes from the industries that would use the railroad. c. awarding loans and land grants to private companies to build the railroad. d. assigning the army to lay out a path for the railroad. 3. One of Thomas Edison s major accomplishments was a. developing a more efficient way to make steel. b. inventing the telegraph and telephone. c. helping to make electricity more widely available. d. preaching the gospel of wealth. 4. Which of the following revolutionized American communications in the late 1800s? a. steam engines and steamships b. the telegraph and telephone c. a workable light filament d. refrigeration and sewing machines 5. Critics of powerful industrialists referred to them as a. captains of industry. b. philanthropists. c. robber barons. d. anarchists. 6. John D. Rockefeller gained control over much of the oil industry by a. managing a trust made up of Standard Oil and allied companies. b. buying large sections of the transcontinental railroad. c. going into partnership with Andrew Carnegie. d. charging higher prices than his competitors. 7. The goal of the Sherman Antitrust Act was to a. encourage industries to form cartels. b. promote fair industrial competition. c. place higher taxes on business profits. d. encourage the growth of business monopolies. 8. Following its passage, the Sherman Anti-Trust Act was most often used to... a. break up industrial trusts that limited competition. b. limit the formation of monopolies in the steel industry

2 c. break up labor unions or halt strikes. d. limit the creation of cartels. 9. According to the theory of social Darwinism, what was the role of government in economic matters? a. to protect workers and consumers b. to enforce the Sherman Antitrust Act c. to tax the profits of big business d. to stay out of the affairs of business 10. How did industrial growth affect the distribution of wealth in the United States? a. All Americans enjoyed a higher standard of living. b. The income gap between farmers and factory workers widened. c. Wealth was concentrated in the hands of a few industrialists. d. The income gap between rich and poor grew smaller. 11. Why were industrialists during the age of big business called captains of industry? a. They were willing to use any means to win the war against their competition. b. They increased the supply of goods and created many jobs. c. They created a technological revolution with their ideas. d. They drained the country of its natural resources. 12. Related to increased industrialization came an internal migration in the U.S. from to. a. East to West c. Populated cities to unpopulated farms b. North to South d. Rural areas to urban areas. 13. This practice allowed for workers to be paid by what they produced rather than the time they worked. a. Piecework c. Scientific Management b. Division of labor d. Factory Work 14. During the late 1800s, children often worked in factories because a. their parents believed in the process of natural selection. b. families needed the income to survive. c. employers offered high wages to skilled children. d. there were no public schools for children to attend. 15. Some workers, upset by the gulf between rich and poor, embraced socialism, but many more turned to a. yellow dog contracts. c. labor unions. b. government programs. d. anarchism. 16. Samuel L. Gompers opposed letting women join the American Federation of Labor because he believed that a. employers would not negotiate with a union having women members. b. women would get better jobs than men. c. women in the work force would drive wages down. d. women were not capable of holding jobs outside the home. 17. Major goals of early labor unions included all of the following except... a. Paid vacations c. Increased wages b. Shorter work days d. Safer working conditions 18. Employers used all of the following in their attempts to crush labor strikes except a. yellow dog contracts. b. women and children. c. collective bargaining.

3 d. federal and state troops. 19. The nation s first major labor strike was begun by a. railway workers angered about wage cuts and unsafe trains. b. steel workers upset by the use of scabs. c. women protesting lack of advancement in factories. d. Pinkerton agents who threw a bomb at police. 20. As a result of the Pullman Strike, for the next 30 years the government a. supported labor unions. b. tried to break up monopolies. c. denied recognition to unions. d. outlawed collective bargaining. 21. Because of events that occured during the Homestead and Haymarket Strikes, many Americans began to associate labor unions and strikes with... a. greedy industrialists known as Robber Barons b. violence and radical ideas c. President Lincoln and the Radical Republicans d. civil disobedience and other peaceful means of demonstration 22. Which one of the following did the Populists support? a. the Turner thesis b. a progressive income tax c. staying on the gold standard d. private ownership of communications and transportation systems 23. Farmers favored inflation because it would a. increase crop prices. b. lower the price of manufactured goods. c. lower the cost of farm machinery. d. increase their debt. 24. Bankers supported deflation because this policy would a. increase the money supply. b. end the gold standard. c. increase the value of money. d. enable farmers to pay off their debts. 25. Which of the following best describes key positions held by the Republican Party in the Gilded Age? a. free silver, high immigration, and low tariffs b. gold standard, high tariffs, and limits on immigration c. free silver and fewer blue laws d. no government aid to railroads and no blue laws 26. Which of the following best describes key positions held by the Democratic Party in the Gilded Age? a. enforcement of blue laws and higher tariffs b. gold standard and strict limits on immigration c. increased money supply, lower tariffs, and higher farm prices d. pensions for Union soldiers and more government aid to railroads 27. In the 1880s, American Presidents most often protected the interests of a. the general public.

4 b. western and southern farmers. c. miners and ranchers. d. business and industry. 28. One example of government s trying to help American business was a. high tariffs. b. patronage. c. blue laws. d. Munn v. Illinois. 29. The Interstate Commerce Act was passed to a. end the cattle boom. b. place Native Americans on reservations. c. regulate railroad rates and practices. d. tax business profits made in interstate trade. 30. The Pendleton Civil Service Act was passed to a. place additional regulation on the railroads. b. end Japanese immigration to the United States. c. end the spoils system. d. print money backed by silver rather than gold.

5 Ch. 4 Industrialization, 5.4 Populism, 6.1 Politics of the Gilded Age Quiz 2011 Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Industrialization Inventions NOT: Learn how daily lives changed in the decades following the Civil War. 2. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 230 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Railroads NOT: Discover the effects the development of railroads had on industrial growth. 3. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 228 OBJ: STA: TOP: Inventions Communication NOT: Find out how advances in electric power and communication affected people and businesses in this era. 4. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 HSS.HI.1.1 TOP: Inventions Communication NOT: Find out how advances in electric power and communication affected people and businesses in this era. 5. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Industrialists NOT: Read to find out why American industrialists of the late 1800s were called both robber barons and captains of industry. 6. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging REF: 238 OBJ: STA: TOP: Industrialists NOT: Learn how industrialists gained a competitive edge over their rivals. 7. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging REF: 238 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Industrialization Sherman Antitrust Act NOT: Read to find out why American industrialists of the late 1800s were called both robber barons and captains of industry. 8. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 238 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Sherman Antitrust Act Industrialization NOT: Learn how industrialists gained a competitive edge over their rivals. 9. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 239 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Economics Industry Social Darwinism NOT: Discover how social Darwinism affected Americans views on big business. 10. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Industrialization Economics Class NOT: Find out about factors that led to a growing American work force between 1860 and ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 238 OBJ: STA: TOP: American industrialists NOT: Read to find out why American industrialists of the late 1800s were called both robber barons and captains of industry. 12. ANS: D PTS: ANS: A PTS: ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 246 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Labor conditions Child labor NOT: Discover why it was sometimes necessary for entire families to work.

6 15. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 248 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Labor Unions Socialism NOT: Discover the impact of industrialism on the gulf between rich and poor. 16. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging REF: 249 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Labor Unions NOT: Find out the goals of the early labor unions in the United States. 17. ANS: A PTS: ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Labor Unions NOT: Find out the goals of the early labor unions in the United States. 19. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 250 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Labor Unions Railroad workers NOT: Learn why Eugene V. Debs formed the American Railway Union. 20. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 253 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 HSS.HI.1 TOP: Strikes Pullman Strike NOT: Study the causes and outcomes of the major strikes in the late 1800s. 21. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 252 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 HSS.HI.1 TOP: Strikes Frick NOT: Study the causes and outcomes of the major strikes in the late 1800s. 22. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 281 OBJ: STA: TOP: Populists NOT: Discover the Populists key goals. 23. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 278 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Farming Economics NOT: See why farmers complained about federal post Civil War economic policies. 24. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 278 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Economics Populism NOT: See why farmers complained about federal post Civil War economic policies. 25. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging REF: 292 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI TOP: Gilded Age Spoils system NOT: Find out how business influenced politics during the Gilded Age. 26. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Challenging REF: 292 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI TOP: Gilded Age Spoils system NOT: Find out how business influenced politics during the Gilded Age. 27. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 281 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Economics Populism NOT: Find out how the government responded to organized protests by farmers. 28. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 292 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Tariffs Government business regulation NOT: Learn the ways in which government reformed the spoils system and regulated railroads. 29. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 281 OBJ: STA: TOP: Interstate Commerce Act NOT: Find out how the government responded to organized protests by farmers. 30. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Average REF: 293 OBJ: STA: HSS.HI.3 TOP: Pendleton Civil Service Act Spoils system NOT: Learn the ways in which government reformed the spoils system and regulated railroads.