2) Use your notes, information collected from my classroom website or other internet resources

Transcription

1 1) Create an episode map on the Presidency of James Madison 2) Use your notes, information collected from my classroom website or other internet resources

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4 I. In the election of 1816 James Monroe (D-R) ran against Rufus King (Federalist) II. Monroe easily defeated King to become the nation s 5 th president III. Monroe s election in 1816 led to the death of the Federalist Party A. Federalists were a very regional political party à really only cared about New England B. Monroe adopted many Federalist ideas (supported the BUS, U.S. expansion, loose construction of the Constitution)

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7 I. Monroe s presidency is referred to as the Era of Good Feeling I. It was a time of peace and prosperity in the USA II. The USA is at peace with the world, economy successful & people are moving westward III. IV. Strong rise in nationalism A. Nationalism: feeling of pride in one s nation USA has no major problems & people feel a great sense of happiness in the USA

8 I. "Era of Good Feelings" was somewhat of a lie II. The USA had serious issues that were beginning to divide the nation A. Second Bank of the United States à Strict vs. Loose B. Tariff of 1816 à North vs. South C. Internal improvements à East vs. West D. Sale of public lands à lenders vs. borrowers E. Panic of 1819 à rich vs. poor F. Missouri Compromise à slave vs. free

9 I. During James Monroe s presidency the northern and southern United States began to divide sharply II. III. Causes of the divide: A. No common enemy à Great Britain B. Different economies à agriculture vs. industry/business C. Different social practices D. Issue of slavery à (south = yes) (north= no) Henry Clay (Congressman) proposes the American System to try to unite the dividing nation

10 I. Tariff of 1816 A. Protective Tariff II. Re-chartering of the 2 nd Bank of the United States [BUS]. Henry Clay, The Great Compromiser III. Internal improvements at federal govt. expense A. National Road B. Eire Canal

11 I. Second Bank of the United States A. Supported by the Republicans who opposed the First Bank of the United States created by Hamilton i. During the War of 1812, the US had difficulty in financing military operations ii. As a result, Madison and Congress agreed to charter the Bank for 20 years B. The national bank would keep northern & southern economies connected and promote unity throughout the USA

12 I. Tariff of 1816 A. Tariffs: tax on imported goods (from other countries) B. The Tariff of 1816 was created to protect U.S. manufacturing from British competition i. After the war, Britain flooded U.S. with cheap goods to try and undercut new U.S. industries a) Americans saw this as British attempt to crush U.S. factories ii. Tariff of 1816 was first protective tariff in U.S. History a) Imposed roughly 20-25% taxes on imported items b) Not really high enough to provide effective protection. c) Started a protective trend in U.S. trade.

13 1 Tariffs keep the price of goods made domestically and imported at even prices 2 This encourages people to purchase American made goods instead of foreign ones 3 Purchasing American goods keeps Americans working and factories operating 4 However it raises prices on all goods 5 People could purchase it cheaper without a tariff and save money

14 I. Tariff of 1816 A. Tariff of 1816 offered many benefits to northern states with manufacturing economies B. The south opposed the Tariff of 1816 since it increased prices and made goods more expensive C. The American System was intended to united the USA actually was dividing it even more

15 I. Internal Improvements A. Internal improvements are additions made to the USA internally (inside the USA) B. Internal improvements are designed to better connect the USA economically & socially C. The American System will focus on two major internal improvements: i. National Road from Baltimore(east) to St. Louis(west) ii. Erie Canal that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes in USA D. The American System s internal improvements were designed to connect the nation & unite it through easy movement

16 The American System: The National [Cumberland] Road

17 The Erie Canal

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19 The American System I. WEST à got roads, canals, and federal aide. II. NORTH à got protective tariffs and increased profits III. SOUTH à??

20 I. Economic panic hit the US economy in 1819 A. Economic panic: problems in regards to banking, money & stocks in the USA B. Economic downturn: the US economy isn t successful C. Currency is less valuable, banks close, people lose homes, jobs & businesses D. The BUS was created to prevent economic panics but did nothing to help struggling farmers

21 I. Results of the Panic of 1819 A. Western farmers begin to view the bank as an evil financial monster i. Hatred for the BUS grew throughout southern & western states B. Poor classes looking for more assistance from US government C. The Panic of 1819 divided the USA even more

22 1 Why is Monroe s presidency referred to as The Era of Good Feeling : 2 What factors led to the end of the Federalist Party during the election of 1816? 3 List and explain two causes of division between north & south during the presidency of James Monroe 4 What is the purpose of the American System? 5 Explain how each of the three parts of the American System was designed to promote national unity: