Chapter 5 Section Review Packet

Transcription

1 Name: Date: Chapter 5 Section Review Packet Section 5-1: Forms of Government 1. Privy Council 2. Parliament 3. Bicameral legislature 4. Virginia House of Burgesses 5. Town meeting 6. John Peter Zenger 7. Libel 8. Dominion of New England 9. Edmund Andros 10. Glorious Revolution 11. James II 12. William and Mary 13. English Bill of Rights a. Lawmaking body of Great Britain b. Newspaper publisher put on trial for making critical statements about the governor of New York c. First and only governor of the Dominion of New England d. Name given to the overthrow of James II in England e. Act in which the power of the monarchy was reduced and the power of parliament was increased f. Type of legislature with two separate houses or chambers g. Group that governed the English colonies from Great Britain h. First legislature created in the English colonies i. Word that means to publicly make false statements about another j. Typical way in which colonists would get together and make decisions on the local level k. King and Queen of England after the Glorious Revolution l. Short lived political union of New England states under James II m. King of England that attempted to restore Catholicism to Great Britain and the colonies 14. Give at least two examples of representative government in the colonies. 15. Why did the newly formed Dominion of New England anger the American colonists? 16. Why was the trial of John Peter Zenger important? What basic right was in question during the trial? How did the judges feel about this case? (d) How did the jury rule?

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3 Section 5-2: The Growth of Trade 17. Mercantilism 18. Balance of trade 19. Imports 20. Exports 21. Duties 22. Navigation Acts 23. Free enterprise 24. Triangular trade 26. Middle Passage a. Economic system in which nations created and maintained wealth by carefully controlling trade b. Goods sold to other countries c. Economic competition with little government control d. Trading system between Europe, Africa, and the Americas where various goods were exchanged e. Deadly and treacherous voyage across the Atlantic from West Africa to the Americas f. Taxes on imported goods g. Goods bought from other countries h. A series of laws that required the colonies to do the bulk of their trading with England i. Term that referred to how much a country imports versus how much it exports 27. Explain how countries tried to maintain a favorable balance of trade. 28. How did the Navigation Acts affect trade? Were the colonists happy with these laws? Why or why not? 29. Explain triangular trade, especially that which included the Middle Passage. 30. Explain the demand for slaves in the English colonies. Describe the conditions under which slaves were transported from Africa to the Americas.

4 Section 5-3: The Colonial Economy 31. Cash crop 32. Slave codes 33. Apprentices 34. Staple crop a. A crop grown in large amounts for profit b. A crop that is in constant need c. A young person learning a trade from a master of that trade d. Laws passed to control slaves in the colonies 35. What were some common crops grown on plantations in the southern colonies? In order to fill labor needs, who was used as labor on these plantations? 36. How did climate help determine the economic activities of the northern, middle, and southern colonies? Give examples to support your answer. 37. Give examples of various slave codes in the southern colonies. (d) (e) (f) 38. Why was shipbuilding an important industry in New England? 39. Explain the process through which people learned new trades in the colonies. 40. What were the various roles of women in the colonies?

5 Section 5-4: The Great Awakening Match the following terms to the correct definitions: 41. Revivals 42. Great Awakening 43. Jonathan Edwards 44. George Whitefield 45. Old Lights 46. New Lights 47. Gilbert Tennent a. A period in which religious faith experienced a resurgence in the colonies b. Religious gatherings where people came together to hear sermons and declare their faith c. One of the most important leaders of the Great Awakening d. British minister that visited America during the Great Awakening e. The followers of the new ministers of the Great Awakening f. The more traditional Christian groups of the colonies g. Presbyterian leader of the Great Awakening 48. What led to the Great Awakening? 49. What were the key messages preached by the ministers of the Great Awakening? 50. In which regions was the Great Awakening most influential? 51. In what ways did the Great Awakening change the way colonists communicated? In what ways did it change people s political and social views?

6 Section 5-5: American Culture 52. Scientific Revolution 53. Galileo Galilei 54. Isaac Newton 55. Scientific Method 56. Enlightenment 57. John Locke 58. Benjamin Franklin 59. Poor Richard s Almanack a. Period also called the Age of Reason in which philosophers used reason and logic to understand the world b. Leading figure of the Scientific Revolution; demonstrated that the planets revolve around the sun c. Explained the motion of objects on Earth and in the sky; proved that the same laws of physics apply to both d. Method which scientists use to study natural events e. Period in which new ideas about the universe began to emerge f. English political philosopher who believed people had natural rights; that people should only obey just rulers that protected their life and liberty g. Great scientist and political philosopher of the American colonies h. Successful colonial newspaper published by Benjamin Franklin 60. Explain how the Scientific Revolution influenced the thinkers of the Enlightenment. 61. Where were there more schools in the colonies? Why were schools particularly important in these areas? What kinds of classes did most early colleges in the American colonies focus on? 63. What were some important accomplishments of Benjamin Franklin? (d) 64. What did the various changes of the quality of colonial literature, art, and architecture say about life in the colonies in the mid 1700s?