Capacity-Building of Water Users Associations in Pangani Basin, Tanzania

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Steven Tyler Hart
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1 Capacity-Building of Water Users Associations in Pangani Basin, Tanzania Hamza Sadiki Basin Water Officer Pangani Basin Water Office Tanzania panganibasin.com

2 This presentation Introduction to the Pangani Basin and its conflicts The Dialogue process Lessons Scaling-up: the Kikuletwa Catchment Forum

3 Pangani River Basin Water resources are diminishing due to climate change Water is overallocated and current supply does not meet demand 1,000 registered water users 1,800 traditional abstractions without water rights

4 Conflicts Reducing Supply + Increasing Demand = Conflicts Conflicts Scale Tenure Location Water sold from private boreholes

5 Dialogues Project To contribute towards sustainable management of water and capacity to negotiate equitable solutions 5 representative conflicts as selected case studies Study nature and history of conflicts Identify strategies for conflict solving Document and share lessons Scale-up interventions based on pilot

6 The Dialogue Path

7 Dialogues Lessons #1 On Authority Traditional governance systems had in-built was of dealing with conflict. These should be accommodated as much as possible in the reform process. In this case, the Basin Water Office serves as a technical advisor more than an enforcement agency Pangani Basin Water Office

8 Dialogues Lessons #2 Devolving Decision-Making People need to have a stake in the resources as an incentive for using it sustainably. Issues of equity, land tenure, rights and distribution of benefits must also be addressed Land under different tenure regimes

Dialogues Lessons #3 Dialogue Strengthens WRM Dialogue forums strengthen WUAs and may stimulate the formalization of WUAs or the formation of similar organizations.

9 Dialogues Lessons #3 Dialogue Strengthens WRM Dialogue forums strengthen WUAs and may stimulate the formalization of WUAs or the formation of similar organizations. Demonstrations are powerful, especially the demonstration or threat of a well-organized neighbor with legal rights to water Water control gate operated by WUA member

Dialogues Lessons #4 Dialogue Processes Confluence of Nduruma + Kikuletwa Rivers Dialogue processes have a better chance of success if they are initiated prior to a

10 Dialogues Lessons #4 Dialogue Processes Confluence of Nduruma + Kikuletwa Rivers Dialogue processes have a better chance of success if they are initiated prior to a crisis situation. Steps in the process include: Understanding conflict Building relationships and trust Agreeing on solutions (MOUs) Joint implementation of Action Plans

Dialogues Lessons #5 Willingness to Negotiate The co-existence of legal and illegal water users hinders the willingness to negotiate equitable solutions.

11 Dialogues Lessons #5 Willingness to Negotiate The co-existence of legal and illegal water users hinders the willingness to negotiate equitable solutions. The more inclusive the process, the more sustainable and equitable the outcome will be. This does, however increase the transaction costs of WRM The Pangani Basin Water Board

12 Dialogues Lessons #6 Capacity of local institutions RCC CMT WDC CABINET HIBA CABINET RALG MOWLD MOAFD REGIONAL SECRETARIAT DISTRICT WARD VILLAGE Live stock UWS RWS WRD DALDO VWC UWA WUAS RWE BWO Catchment Irrigation ZIO Forest Division RNRO DWE SMS/DALDO DNRO Various WUA arrangements KEWUA Trustees Companies MUWAHI TEGEMEO KE.WUA WUGS COOPS UWASO HIBA GHOKI MNR Village Environment Committee Wildlife Division Water is a cross cutting issue and many sectors have a role to play. Sometimes these sectors have overlapping mandates which causes confusion. Institutional arrangements for WRM must be clarified, harmonized and publicized at all levels Institutional Arrangements for Water Mgmt

13 Dialogues Lessons #7 Scaling-up the Process Dialogues forums are effective, but time, people and resource intensive. Pangani Basin has 500+ conflicts. Especially difficult conflicts will likely require dedicated dialogues forums. Other conflicts may be treated within decentralized management structures, e.g. catchment forums

14 Scaling-up the Process: Kikuletwa Catchment Forum Decentralization bringing decision-making closer to the communities involved Inventories of hydrology, organizational landscape, policy, environment, comparative experiences Design phase Stakeholder consultations Launch and support to forum

15 Partners

16 Thank You for your attention! More information on

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